maryam al-qahtani Group: 6Case 1 A

Introduction

Learning Objective

Risk factor of atherosclerosis ? How

are they regulate ?

How do they risk factor contribute

to the pathogenesis of

atherosclerosis? (Summarize)

Clinic manifestations of

atherosclerosis .

Risk factor:

Permanent factors

Co-existing conditions

Lifestyle, social and environmental

factors

Risk factor:

Age:

1

Gender:

MaleFemale

Family history

High blood pressure

Diabetes

Hyperlipidaemia

2

Cigarette smoking

Overweight or obesity

3

Sedentary lifestyle:low physical exercise

High stress

Control (regulate)

Risk Factors

UncontrollableUncontrollable

•Sex

•Hereditary

•Race

•Age

ControllableControllable

•High blood pressure

•High blood cholesterol

•Smoking

•Physical activity

•Obesity

•Diabetes

•Stress and anger

pathogenesis

4 main stages :

1. Chronic endothelial injury

2. Accumulation of lipoproteins

3. Resultant Inflammation & Factor release

4. Smooth muscle cell recruitment, proliferation and

ECM production.

pathogenesis

Chronic endothelial injury1

increased endothelial permeability

enhanced leukocyte (monocyte and T lymphocyte ) and platelet adhesion

Monocyte migrationlesions

Endothelial dysfunction

Smooth muscle cell recruitment, proliferation and ECM production.

Finally

Summary

Clinical manifestations

Pain and severe cramp in the right calf on exercise

Absent pulses of the right arterioles of the right foot and ankle.

Bruits over arteries

Dry skin

Low skin temperature of the right foot.

Atrophy

lack of hair on right lower leg and foot

Summary

Reference

• Clinic medicine book• Merck Manual book• http://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/MPH-Modules/PH/PH709_H

eart/PH709_Heart3.html• http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/11843653• http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/heart_and_blood_ves

sel_disorders/atherosclerosis/atherosclerosis.html#v1652416• http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health//dci/Diseases/Atheroscleros

is/atherosclerosis_risk.html

Good lifestyleHealthy life

Thank

you…