association of california airports aca annual conference pavement evaluation pavement...
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Association of California AirportsACA Annual Conference
Pavement EvaluationPavement Maintenance/Management Plan
(PMMP)
September 11, 2014Reinard W. Brandley
CONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER6125 King Road, Suite 201Loomis, California [email protected]
(916) 652-4725
“We Are Throwing Too Much Moneyat the Symptoms
Not Enough at Determining the Cause of Distress”
~Herman Bliss
Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER
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Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER
There are Four Major Itemsthat Need to be Considered inEvaluating a Pavement and
Developing a PMMP:
Geotechnical
Surface Distress
Deep-Seated Distress
Frost Action
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Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER
Geotechnical Studies – Applied Soil Mechanics
Pavement History
Pavement Section
Soil Profile – 200’ to 500’ Hole Spacing – 10’ to 15’ Deep
Testing Soil Classification Dry Density Natural Moisture Content Ground Water Table and
Fluctuations Strength – CBR Consolidation Swell
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Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER
Geotechnical Studies – Applied Soil Mechanics
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Tampa International – Expansive CTB
Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER
Geotechnical Studies – Applied Soil Mechanics
Stockton Metropolitan Airport & Rio Vista Municipal Airport
Swelling Soil
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Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER
Surface Distress – Pavement Condition Survey
Features that Cause Surface Distress: Weathering Environmental Frost Action Loading – Type and Frequency Jet Blast Fuel/Oil Spills Geotechnical and Subgrade
Problems Type of Pavement Section
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Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER
Surface Distress – Pavement Condition Survey
Surface Distress Types: Cracking Shoving Weathering Raveling Rutting Fuel Spill Deterioration Bleeding Patching Depressions
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Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER
Surface Distress – Pavement Condition Survey
PCI vs. Time
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Deep Seated Distress
Factors to use in Fatigue Analysis:
Pavement Section – Type and Thickness
Subgrade & Subsoil Stratification to 10’ to 15’ Depth
Modulus of Elasticity of Each Layer
• FWD Back-Calculation (Slide #11)
• Deflection Bowl (Slide #12)
Operations vs. Coverages
Traffic Index (Slide #13)
Failure and Criteria
Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER
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Deep Seated Distress – FWD Deflections
Truckee Tahoe Airport - FWD Deflection Data Runway 10-28 - North of Centerline (10' Left of Centerline)
(Station 0+00 at R/W 10 Threshold)
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
110.00
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500
Station (feet)
De
fle
cti
on
(m
ils)
Runway 10-28 North - 20 kips
Runway 10-28 North - 25 kips
Runway 10-28 North - 30 kips
Plate N
o. B3
R/W1-19
Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 11
Deep Seated Distress – FWD Deflection Bowl
12Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER
Deep Seated Distress – Traffic Indexes
Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER
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Deep Seated Distress
R. W. Brandley Fatigue Analysis61-Year Performance Record
Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER
FAARFIELD4 to 5-Year Performance Record
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Deep Seated Distress
Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER
Comparative Study of Remaining LifeBrandley and FAARFIELD
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PMMP - Deep-Seated Distress – Brandley Fatigue Analysis
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PMMP - Remaining Life – Brandley vs. FAARFIELD
Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 17
Frost Action
Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER
Frost Heave
Spring Melt – Super-Saturation
Depth of Frost Penetration
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PMMP - Brandley Test Hole & Pit Plan and Soil Profiles
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PMMP - Surface Distress – Pavement Condition Index (PCI)
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PMMP – Pavement Condition Survey & Rehab. Schedule
Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 21
Element:
Station:
Dimensions:
R1
T-inch E ksi K pci RemarksExisting PFC
Pavement PCC Section: AC 4 150 0.35
AB 8 40 0.35ASB Subgrade 48 10 0.35Sub-soil S.I. 25 0.35
1963Date1986
PCI = 60
Traffic Index A A1
43-88 (75) 43-88 (75)0.2 0.2
2012 C
2026 F, H
Remarks:
For Traffic Index see Appendix D. For Rehabilitation Code see Tables 3-1 & 3-3.
Add Rock, Pulverize, Recompact + 3" AC (lower hump)
Saw & Seal New Joints, Fog Seal
TABLE NO. C2 - PAVEMENT CONDITION SURVEY AND REHABILITATION SCHEDULE
May 5 & 6, 2011Date of Survey:
Airport: Truckee-Tahoe Airport
DateRehab. Code
-Transverse - Light to Moderate - Some Secondary - SealedWeathering - Moderate
FAA - FAARFIELD
Description
3643-88 (75)
100' x 2200'
Type
Single Gear - 60 kips
Date Constructed:
FWD used was mean value for section - See FWD Graphs, Appendix B
Pavement Rating = Good
Recommended Rehabilitation:
A
Pavement Remaining Life Analysis
Pavement Structure Remaining Life - Years
Station based on Sta. 0 located at Runway 10 threshold and proceeding east.
Brandley - Fatigue Analysis
25 FWD Center Plate Deflection - 25 K Load
Runway 10-28
No Rutting, Shoving, or Ravelling
Grooved, Sealed.
0+00 to 22+00
FAA Pavement Strength Survey - Element Identification (Form 5335-1):
Rehabilitation Record:
Cracks - Longitudinal - Light South Side, Moderate North Side - Sealed
A1
43-88 (75)
Dual Gear - 100 kips
CBR
Pavement Condition:
PMMP - Rehabilitation Plan – Each Unit
Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER
2011 Estimated2011 Remaining Construction
Year Element Station PCI Life-Years Code Description Cost
2012 Runway 10-28 0+00 to 47+00 50 C Add Rock, Pulverize, Recompact + 3" AC (lower hump) 2,842,000$
2026 F, H Saw & Seal New Joints, Fog Seal 570,000$
2015 Runway 10-28 47+00 to 70+00 80-85 F Saw & Seal New Joints - Supplemental 105,000$
2016 (East Blast Pad) (55) D Remove AC and Reconstruct 64,000$
2020 G, H Crack Repair, Seal Cracks and Joints, Fog Seal 290,000$
2026 A or E Strengthen Existing Section 1,220,000$
2011 T/Ws A, B, C, D 0+00 to 28+00 51 G Crack Repair, Seal Cracks 100,000$ (Holding Apron) (T/W A)
2014 G, H Crack Repair, Seal Cracks, Fog Seal 50,000$
2019 G Crack Repair, Seal Cracks 25,000$
2024 B Rehabilitate - Reconstruct 1,120,000$
2036 F, H Saw & Seal New Joints, Fog Seal
2011 T/Ws A, E, F, H, U, J 28+00 to 72+00 51 G Crack Repair, Seal Cracks 120,000$ (Holding Apron) (T/W A)
2014 G, H Crack Repair, Seal Cracks, Fog Seal 75,000$
2018 B Rehabilitate - Reconstruct 1,900,000$
2034 F, H Saw & Seal New Joints, Fog Seal
Note: Pavement Maintenance Remarking Projects are not shown in this table. See Table 4-2
RUNWAY 10-28 COMPLEX
Required for Deep Seated DistressEstimated - Surface Distress
TABLE NO. 4-1TRUCKEE TAHOE AIRPORT
REHABILITATION PLAN
Recommended Rehabilitation
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PMMP - Maintenance and Rehabilitation Schedule – By Year
Reinard W. BrandleyCONSULTING AIRPORT ENGINEER 23
PMMP - Maintenance & Rehabilitation Schedule – By Year
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