associate professor erol kaymak eastern mediterranean university
TRANSCRIPT
Associate Professor Erol Kaymak
Eastern Mediterranean University
• www.cyprus2015.org• Erol Kaymak - head of research (
[email protected] and [email protected])
• The purpose of the initiative is to contribute towards a sustainable settlement of the Cyprus Problem through objective research and respectful dialogue between all relevant stakeholders, in a way that complements the peace efforts on the island.
• The ‘Cyprus 2015’ initiative, which commenced in May 2009, is being implemented by the Joint Programme Unit for United Nations / Interpeace Initiatives (JPU) and is being supported by the UNDP-Action for Cooperation and Trust (ACT) programme in Cyprus.
• Public Opinion Polls• Focus Group Discussions• Interviews with leading personalities • Video Documentaries • Stakeholder Panels• Interactive Websites• Commissioned Academic Research• Conferences
GREEK CYPRIOTS
Original owner has first say.
TURKISH CYPRIOTS
The rights of the users must be recognized too.
GREEK CYPRIOTS
The principle or the right to their property is what Greek Cypriots want.
Some are adamant about this, even though they say they will not return for various reasons.
TURKISH CYPRIOTS
Turkish Cypriots recognize the right to ownership of property but they place less emphasis on the principle of ownership and more emphasis on keeping daily life as it is today.
GREEK CYPRIOTS
Compensation is the big taboo – they consider that they will be excusing the Turkish presence in Cyprus.
TURKISH CYPRIOTS
Compensation is the most preferred option, even in cases where they have significant property in the South.
GREEK CYPRIOTS
Participants are suspicious about how their property is going to be valued.
TURKISH CYPRIOTS
Participants are suspicious about how their property is going to be valued.
GREEK CYPRIOTS
Source of compensation:
Turkey Wider International
Community
TURKISH CYPRIOTS
Source of compensation:
Turkey International
Community EU Current User Loan Turkish Cypriots
Sample Size: 1000 Greek Cypriots and 1000 Turkish Cypriots Sampling Process: Multi-stage Random Stratified Sampling Method of Data Collection: Face to Face Interviews with a
Structured Questionnaire at Homes of Respondents and in their Native Language
Period of Data Collection: 06th October – 6th November 2009 Coordination: Alexandros Lordos, Erol Kaymak and Christos
Anastasiades Field work responsibility: Symmetron Market Research for
Greek Cypriots and KADEM Consulting for Turkish Cypriots
Level of hope that process will produce results
61%58%
24% 26%
15% 16%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Greek Cypriots Turkish Cypriots
No hope at all
Unsure
Great hope
Level of desire that process should produce results
17%
34%
14%
24%
69%
42%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Greek Cypriots Turkish Cypriots
Prefer nothingcomes of thepeace process
Ambivalent
Wish that thepeace processleads to asettlement
Vote in a potential future referendum
22%
12%
39%
8%
18%
31%
16%
27%
10%
16%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
I would certainly,or almost
certainly vote‘No’
I currently leantowards a ‘No’vote, though I
might at that timesway towards a
‘Yes’ vote
I am currentlyjust as likely tovote ‘Yes’ as to
vote ‘No’
I currently leantowards a ‘Yes’vote, though I
might at that timesway towards a
‘No’ vote
I would certainlyor almost
certainly vote‘Yes’
Greek Cypriots Turkish Cypriots
32% 43% 9%
65% 18% 15%
76% 12% 11%1%0%
77% 13% 9%
78% 12% 8%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Properties on whichpublic utilities have
been built
Commercialproperties, such asshops and factories
ResidentialProperties and
Homes
Properties that areagricultural lands
Vacant land
For each of the following categories of property, which types of resolution would you be willing to consider? (Greek Cypriots)
Such properties must definitely be returned tooriginal owners
I am open to both alternative solutions for suchproperties
It would be preferable if such properties werereturned to original owners
It would be preferable if such properties remainwith current users
Such properties must definitely remain withcurrent users
11% 15% 24% 19% 32%
11% 15% 24% 19% 30%
12% 14% 25% 17% 32%
14% 13% 22% 18% 32%
17% 19% 23% 14% 28%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Properties on whichpublic utilities have
been built
Commercialproperties, such asshops and factories
Properties that areagricultural lands
ResidentialProperties and
Homes
Vacant land
For each of the following categories of property, which types of resolution would you be willing to consider? (Turkish Cypriots)
Such properties must definitely bereturned to original owners
It would be preferable if such propertieswere returned to original owners
I am open to both alternative solutions forsuch properties
It would be preferable if such propertiesremain with current users
Such properties must definitely remainwith current users
13% 15% 22% 19% 31%
13% 15% 26% 18% 28%
13% 15% 23% 19% 30%
12% 14% 21% 19% 34%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Exchange Title Deed
Appropriated TRNCfreehold, usually
given to migrantsfrom Turkey
Lands given toformer soldiers
Lands given to theoffspring of martyrs
What types of resolution would you be willing to consider for each of the following types of properties? (Turkish Cypriots)
Such properties must definitely bereturned to original owners
It would be preferable if such propertieswere returned to original owners
I am open to both alternative solutions forsuch properties
-It would be preferable if such propertiesremain with current users
Such properties must definitely remainwith current users
70% 16% 12%
86% 8% 5%
90% 6%4%
90% 5%4%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Properties in whichTurkish Cypriots
currently live
Properties in whichnon-Cypriots (e.g.
from Britain or Israel)currently live
Properties in whichpeople from Turkey
currently live
Properties that weregiven as a reward to
friends of the administrationin the north
What types of resolution would you be willing to consider for each of the following types of properties? (Greek Cypriots)
Such properties must definitely bereturned to original owners
I am open to both alternative solutions forsuch properties
It would be preferable if such propertieswere returned to original owners
-It would be preferable if such propertiesremain with current users
Such properties must definitely remainwith current users
If given a range of choices as below, what would you do today with your original property or properties in the context of a settlement?
2% 3%
6%
13%14%
20%
35%
45%
3%
8%
18%21%
24%
8%
14%
30%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Compensation inguaranteedgovernment
bonds
Establish abusiness on it
Exchange, tokeep currentlyused property
Rent for income Compensation incash
Exchange, to getequivalently
valued property
Use as holidayhome
Use as primaryresidence
Greek Cypriots Turkish Cypriots
Would you return to your original home to live there, if it is returned under Greek Cypriot administration? (Greek Cypriots)
9%7%
15%10%
59%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Definitely No Probably No I don’t know if Iwould return
Probably Yes Definitely Yes
Would you return to your original home to live there, if it is returned under Turkish Cypriot administration? (Greek Cypriots)
64%
9% 11%7%
10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Definitely No Probably No I don’t know if Iwould return
Probably Yes Definitely Yes
Which of the following factors, if any, would most concern you about the prospect of returning to your home under Turkish Cypriot administration? (Greek Cypriots)
7%
13%
14%
15%
16%
17%
21%
42%
62%
65%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
I do not feel an attachment towards my old family home and region
I am worried about finding work there
I am worried that there wouldn’t be schools to send my children to
I am worried that there wouldn’t be a church
There would be significant cost involved in rebuilding or renovating my old home
I would worry about hospitals and other social services
I wouldn’t want to live among Turkish Cypriots
Concerns to return under TC administration:I have now made my life here andwouldn’t want to start all over again
I would not want to live among settlers
I would be worried about my safety
Which would most encourage you to return to your home, even under Turkish Cypriot administration? (Greek Cypriots)
13%
13%
14%
15%
15%
25%
30%
49%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
If I could find an alternative employment in the north or commute to my currentwork daily
If there are hospitals with Greek Cypriot physicians
If there are churches
If I feel Turkish Cypriots or settlers are welcoming and there is no danger for myfamily
If there are Greek schools for my children
If I am given the option to live next to other Greek Cypriots for safety reasons andthere is also Greek Cypriot representation in local police force
If other Greek Cypriots from my village return
None – I would not return under Turkish Cypriot administration
If ALL the above measures are taken, would you consider returning to live under Turkish Cypriot administration? (Greek Cypriots)
50%
11%
15% 14%11%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Definitely No Probably No I don’t know if Iwould return
Probably Yes Definitely Yes
The current user gets the title to the property while the original owner gets a legal interest in it, which will amount to a form of share in the property, the value of which
will continue rising as the value of the property rises in the future.
60%
33%
23%
28%
13%
22%
3%
10%
2%
7%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Greek Cypriots Turkish Cypriots
EntirelyUnacceptable
Tolerable ifnecessary
Satisfactory
HighlyDesirable
AbsolutelyEssential
How would you rank the following preferences in relation to the resolution of the property issue? (Greek Cypriots)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
Restitution Compensation Exchange
First Second Third
How would you rank the following preferences in relation to the resolution of the property issue? (Turkish Cypriots)
28%
37%40%
22%
40%
30%
50%
23%
30%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Restitution Compensation Exchange
First Second Third