assay and acquisition of radiopure materials priscilla cushman university of minnesota
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Assay and Acquisition of Radiopure Materials Priscilla Cushman University of Minnesota July 14, 2010 NSF Review PRESENTATION(s ) OUTLINE. P. Cushman S4 Management S4 Progress Report DUSEL Facility Design Schedule and Cost. D-M. Mei - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Assay and Acquisition of Radiopure Materials
Priscilla Cushman University of Minnesota July 14, 2010 NSF Review
PRESENTATION(s) OUTLINE P. Cushman
S4 Management S4 Progress Report DUSEL Facility DesignSchedule and Cost
D-M. Mei
Homestake Backgrounds Simulation Data: , n, radonGamma Screening
L. Petersen
Detailed FAARM designPower & CoolingDUSEL IssuesSchedule and Cost
Priscilla Cushman NSF S4 ReviewUniversity of Minnesota July 14, 2010
Assay and Acquisition of Radiopure Materials
Structure and Management of the AARM S4
Principle InvestigatorsPriscilla Cushman (University of Minnesota)Dongming Mei (University of South Dakota)Kara Keeter (Black Hills State University) Richard Schnee (Syracuse University)
Assay and Acquisition of Radiopure Materials
• Characterize radon, neutron, gamma, and alpha/beta backgrounds at Homestake • Develop a conceptual design for a common, dedicated facility for low background counting and other assay techniques. • Assist where appropriate in the creation of common infrastructure required to perform low background experiments.• Perform targeted R&D for ultra-sensitive screening and water shielding
Engineering ConsortiumCNA Consulting Engineers (Lee Petersen)Dunham Associates Miller Dunwiddie Architecture, Inc
Broader Collaboration provides input
Scientific Collaboration
Craig AalsethHenning BackTim ClassenJodi CooleyDarrin Grant
Yuri EfremenkoBrian FujikawaReyco HenningJeff MartoffRobert McTaggart
Eric HoppeAndreas PiepkeAndrew SonnensheinJohn Wilkerson Tullis Onstott
International Scientific Advisory PanelLaura Baudis (Zurich University)Richard Ford (Queen’s University, SNOLab)Gilles Gerbier (CEA Saclay)Gerd Heusser (Max Planck Institute, Heidelberg) Andrea Giuliani (University of Insubria (Como), Coordinator of ILIAS Continuation)Mikael Hult (European Commission: JRC Inst. for Reference materials and Measurements)Vitaly Kudryavtsev (University of Sheffield)Pia Loaiza (Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane)Matthias Laubenstein (INFN, Gran Sasso Laboratory)Neil Spooner (University of Sheffield)
Working Groups are our basic unit
Priscilla Cushman NSF S4 ReviewUniversity of Minnesota July 14, 2010
Planning for Progress
Wiki Organizational Pagehttp://zzz.physics.umn.edu/lowradAgendas for weekly meetings, links to docushare, spreadsheets, schedules, drawings, etc.
Working Group MeetingsAs needed, often email and small phone conferences
Weekly TeleconferencesIntegration Working Group meeting. PI’s and DUSEL reps
Collaboration MeetingsTwice a year with the broader collaboration. March 20, 2010 at Berkeley and Late October 2010 at Homestake
Contact PeopleP. Cushman (scientific, management) D-M. Mei (Homestake characterization, Sanford)L. Petersen (engineering integration) K. Keeter (EH&S Liason) C. Keller (E&O) R. Altes (Liason Engineer)
Y-D. Chan (Liason Scientist)
Assay and Acquisition of Radiopure Materials
Status and Progress Report on Milestones
Priscilla Cushman NSF S4 ReviewUniversity of Minnesota July 14, 2010
Early timetable for DUSEL Conceptual DesignFocus on MREFC integrationMet all our “deliverables” to DUSEL
Module occupancy in 2017 Screening starts in 2019Organize earlier screening for other ISEConcentrate FAARM on the ultra-sensitive application
Integrated resource-loaded schedule: S4 early screening MREFC funding construction , installation and commissioning
Realignment of Tasks and Schedule
Schedule for AARM S4 study Site Characterization and Simulation Studies
Homestake delays
redo MC with new design
move to 2nd yr concentrate effort meet goal
possible delayhappening now
Determine maximum acceptable
Schedule for AARM S4 study Site Characterization and Simulation Studies
First pass doneBio/Geo requires work
already done already done
Milestones for the AARM Cooperative Agreement Translating this into a Conceptual Design
Assay and Acquisition of Radiopure Materials
FAARM = Facility for Assay and acquisition of Radiopure Materials
Priscilla Cushman NSF S4 ReviewUniversity of Minnesota July 14, 2010
Design and Location of FAARM
Design Principles
Surface/Shallow• Easy access for less sensitive screening
E&O projects, NAA HPGe, radiochemistry lab• New labs as needed (not in our “plan” – we will send samples out)
ICPMS, surface characterization, atom trace analysisDepends on the infrastructure in the surface campus
4850-ft level FAARM• deep enough for ultra sensitive screening and dark matter prototype testing• close to experiments for easy access (drive in large items) • share water purification and cryogen infrastructure• unite functions under a dedicated staff• Need new approach to multi-user shielding:
individual lead shields too expensive and not radiopureneutron shielding required for DM prototypes and Immersion tankmuon capture, activation, a-n/fission become important
Elements of FAARM
Entire facility is class 10,000 clean room, < 20 Bq/m3
Several class 1000 clean roomsAteko (NEMO facility provided 0.01 Bq/m3 breathable air at 150 m3/h)Radon-mitigated zones (<1 Bq/m3) and assembly areas (<0.1 Bq/m3)Radon-free storage and unified LN system Wet benches, clean machining, hoods, etc
Instrumented Water Shield with toroidal interior acrylic room
Houses ultra-sensitive screeners (GeMPI style, BetaCages) Reduce cost of individual lead shielding ($2M savings)Active Muon veto, Neutron & Gamma shieldingOuter shield of Immersion Tank, Space for Experiments & R&D Prototypes
Top-loading Immersion TankModeled on the Borexino CTF Whole body counting with 0.1 counts/day, E > 250 keVU/Th at .01/.04 ppt, surface at < 1 count/m2/day (unsealed)6 x 10-6 cts/kg/keV/day from Compton continuumOPTION: Could be replaced by highly segmented germanium
Elements of FAARM
Served by a trained technical staff
Develop staff in the Early Screening Program (DULBCF)Scheduling tools to optimize efficient use of screenersIntegrate with worldwide screeningIn-house analysis tools and databaseTransition the screening in a phased manner
Less sensitive screeners benefit from common facility
outside shield but inside clean area
Radon emanation, XIA alpha screeners, conventional HPGe
Areas for bio/geo/physics assembly
Intellectual center for a new field of low background studies
• 4 tonnes of scintillator (PC + 1.5 g/L PPO)
• 1m radius 500μm Nylon vessel for scintillator
• 2 m radius “shroud” vessel to shield Rn
• 3.6 p.e./PMT for 1 MeV electron
• Muon veto PMTs on floor
• 100 PMTs (Optical coverage: 21%)
• Buffer of water – 2.3m vessel to PMT
• Energy saturation: 6 MeV
Borexino Counting Test Facility
CTF-like Immersion Tank for Screening
Instrumented water shield becomes outer shroud and vetoLow radioactivity QUPIDs can be placed closer to LS Bigger 2m diameter nylon bag filled with LS (LAB proposed)Purification methods (10-16 g/g U/Th andd 10-14 g/g K)
• Distillation (also removes Rn)• Water extraction• N2 stripping• Solid-column adsorption
Sensitive to • bulk gammas • betas and alphas from surface• betas inside 50 m nylon sample bag
Moderate energy resolution & Efficiency
Distinguish • via event reconstruction• via pulse shape
50%
Elements of FAARM
Elements of FAARM
Elements of FAARM
Elements of FAARM
Water Shield Simulations
Optimize shield thickness
Incorporate detailed FAARM design into Geant4 this Fall
Rock (Homestake 4850’)238U 0.55 ppm 232Th 0.3 ppm 40K 2.21%
Attenuation through Water + Stainless Steel
X
radiogenic neutronscosmogenic neutrons
(tagged)
Cavern radioactivityafter 2.3 m thick wall
7.974×10-5 /cm2/sn 4.817×10-10 /cm2/s
Contam Stainless Steel Acrylic
238U 0.1 ppb 9.5x10-6 24 ppt
232Th 0.1 ppb 2.3x10-6 14 ppt
40K 0.028 ppb 1.2x10-6 2.4x10-4 ppb
60Co 4.6x10-10 ppb 6.4x10-5
Total: 7.7x10-5 Total: ~10-5
vs
gamma’s from rock
Simulation Plans for S4
2010-11 Immersion Tank Geant MC (BHSU, UM)
Light collection, signal discrimination, QUPID placement
2011-12 Complete FAARM Simulation
Merge Shield (USD) & Tank MC Include Syracuse studies on screener shielding
2010-11 Independent work on Cosmogenic neutrons
CDMS (Soudan) and LUX (Homestake) simulations continue to improve
Homestake – neutron detectors for 800 levelSoudan – DUSEL R&D neutron multiplicity meter (USB & Case)
plus cavern-wide granular muon detector
2011-12 Multi-depth MC with shower generation
Benchmark to neutron dataLongterm Neutron data-taking in multiple sites
Assay and Acquisition of Radiopure Materials
Schedule and Cost of FAARM
Priscilla Cushman NSF S4 ReviewUniversity of Minnesota July 14, 2010
S4: (9/09 – 9/12) Design of FAARM and the Studies associated with it.
Post-S4: (9/12 MREFC funding start) Additional DUSEL-specific design work for MREFC
DULBCF: (9/09 FAARM civil construction complete)Early screening program, staff development, EPSCOR elements, R&D, complete characterization of Homestake
FAARM (1/14 1/17) Final engineering-level design, procurement, immersion tank
element fab, photodetector screening & QA
FAARM ( 1/17 12/17) Civil Construction(12/17 6/19) Installation, commissioning, screening starts on 8/18
Getting to the FAARMEach stage has a different source of funding
DUSEL Early Screening Program
RationaleHomestake does NOT have enough room and delays are preventing early accessUtilize existing underground sites, but integrate under the DUSEL umbrella
Begin to build a coherent team and staff
Surface site at USD becomes main campus (equidistant to both deep sites)Hire a director (+students, etc) Keenan Thomas (USD masters student)Build scheduling tool for multiple sites Tightest coordination between
LBNL + CUBED (USD + Sanford) + Soudan
Davis Cavern + Soudan can provide enough new deep real estate until 2019 FAARMNeed to develop & operate GeMPI and segmented HPGe, Beta cagesCosmogenic simulations benchmarked to neutron data from multiple levels
Such a program can ramp up screening and move seamlessly to FAARM when readyCombination of EPSCOR, Sanford, new initiatives – before MREFC funding
2010-11 Construct conventional screeners, install at Sanford
Purchase 1st GeMPI, prepare other gamma screeners for DavisInstall neutron detector at 800’ HomestakeBuild additional neutron detectorsBuild electroformed copper cryostat for GeMPI at Soudan (Reeves &Sons)
2011-12 Hire Keenan, Begin integration of sitesScreening begins at Sanford and LBNL is integratedInstall 1st GeMPI in new cryostat at Soudan and study backgroundsInstall bank of neutron detectors at Soudan and lower Homestake levels Purchase 2nd GeMPI and Clover detector (3rd GeMPI if funds)
2012-13 Install Clover at Sanford and 2nd GeMPI at Soudan (in coincidence mode)New beta screeners will be ready by this time (Soudan or Davis)
2013-19 Ultra-sensitive screening at Soudan & Davis. Dedicated screeners in Kimballton and WIPP are integrated Continue to add functionality (up to 4 GeMPI, 3 BetaCages, XIA alpha)
DUSEL Early Screening Program
Schedule
Schedule for FAARMProcurement and Assembly
Definition: Assembly is building of FAARM by contracted labor Installation of scientific equipment by Institutional staff
Before Module is ready, but money is allocated
• Detailed engineering-level design • Obtain bids, contracts and permits and hire contractor• Assemble and test water purification system• Procure radon system from Ateko (year lead time)• Choose photodetectors, screening and testing, bids• Purchase photodetectors, calibration and QA, electronics• Procure nylon and build dedicated clean room• Build nylon vessel in clean room
Once module is ready (Jan 2017) and radon < 100 Bq/m3 (ventilation, rock coating)
• Install Ateko in module, operate temporary radon-free room for sensitive materials• Water tank assembly incl torus + civil + radon under direction of contractor• Ateko moved to final location inside FAARM• Beneficial occupancy one year later.
Schedule for FAARMInstallation and Commissioning
After Beneficial Occupancy
Establish moderate cleanliness protocols immediately after heavy constructionClean entire lab as soon as possibleClean and coat interior of shield, Install cables, plumbing, air, cryogen systemInitial water fill and test plumbing – drain and cleanInstall Water Shield PMTs – fill shield, operate and calibrate PMTsComission DAQ and shield – long muon run - drain
Establish tight cleanliness protocol, including showers and radon mitigationMeasure particulate level and radon to confirm – commission monitoringAt least one sensitive HPGe moved to FAARM as bkgd monitor Install nylon vessel and QUPIDs (test and calibrate)Fill Immersion Tank with LSInstall nitrogen blanket, clean room – Purity studies with QUIPIDsFill shield – Combined Water + LS test and bkgd runMove other screeners in parallel with Immersion Tank commissioning
• All screeners already bought, tested, and in operation from DULBCF era• Screening must continue with as few interruptions as possible• Staff is already in charge of all screeners, regardless of location• Each sensitive screener is commissioned at FAARM before the next one dismantled• Decommissioning effort (FTE) is flat over the year long transition
MILESTONE
1/18 Beneficial Occupancy
7/18 First GeMPI operational (Background Monitor)10/18 First Beta cage is screening at FAARM
Interleaved transfer schedule continues through the year
1/19 All XIA alpha screening now at FAARM2/19 All GeMPIs, BetaCages now at FAARM *** Decommission Soudan LBCF3/19 All gamma screening at FAARM *** Release Davis cavern6/19 Whole body screening in Immersion Tank *** Fully operational FAARM
DULBCF to FAARM Transition
Bottoms-up Cost Estimate for all phases
S4: 1 M received to make a Preliminary Design of FAARMand associated R&D
PostS4: 200 k for design completion
DULBCF: 8M, includes 9 years of staff & students at 5M and most of the screeners
FAARM: 7.2 M in equipment, M&S, contracted structures 1.6 M in labor: 0.7M scientific staff
0.9M engineering
FAARM Operations at ~ 500k/year labor
Also included tasks/cost from DUSEL R&D, BGE, CDMS, etc
Cost Profile from the Project File