Mr. Brian AlmquistOcean Engineering & Marine Systems

Office of Naval Researchbrian.almquist@navy.mil

(703) 696-3351

MINWARASpring 2011

Regional Conference

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

2011 MINWARA

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Enabling Capability: MCM for Maneuver

Assure Access to Enable OMFTS/STOM

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Ship-To-Objective Maneuver

– Wide area surveillance to enable maneuver– Clandestine reconnaissance to prepare the battlespace– Rapid overt mine and obstacle reconnaissance– Data Fusion to accelerate the planning process – Timely MCM common tactical picture to enable maneuver– Stand-off breaching of mines and obstacles in BZ/SZ– Stand-off neutralization of individual mines in VSW– Autonomous, high speed compact influence sweep– Precision localization and navigation from VSW to BEZ– Rapid Follow On Clearance

• Capabilities:

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Mine and Obstacle Breaching S&T Strategy

Spiral Development Approach• JDAM Assault Breaching System (JABS): Precision guided

bombs for surface laid BZ/SZ mines and obstacles• Advanced Warhead Development: Countermine darts with

greater kill radius & effectiveness against buried BZ/SZ mines• JDAM Assault Breaching System (JABS): Extend BZ/SZ

capability to neutralization of VSW Mines

Develop a Precision Breaching Capability• Key enablers include ISR, Weapon Precision Guidance, and

Precision Navigation• Delivery by Naval TACAIR, USAF Bombers

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MK-84

Standoff Delivery Platform GBU-31(V)2/BJDAM Tail Kit

JABSBeach Zone / Surf Zone

Surface Laid Mines and Obstacles

Dispenser

CM Darts

MODSBeach Zone / Surf Zone

Surface Laid & Buried Mines

Mine & Obstacle Breaching Systems Transitioned to PMS-495

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JABS in the VSW

40’15’

25’

10 msec

25 msec

Objective• Extend Breaching Capability

Previously Demonstrated in the BZ/SZ to the VSW

Effectiveness Issues• Weapon Stability in VSW• Time of Weapon Detonation• Lethality against VSW Mines

Moored / Bottom Targets

Standoff Delivery

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JABS in VSW

• Underwater Trajectory– Inert Weapons– Underwater Video– Alignment of Impact Points

All Targets Were Neutralized

• Lethality– Live Weapons– Moored and Bottom Mines

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• JDAM Assault Breaching System (JABS) for BZ/SZ–Transitioned on 28 Feb 05

–Fielded via DOTMLPF CR*: Signed by JROC on 1 May 06• Mine and Obstacle Defeat System (MODS)

–Transitioned on 30 Mar 07

–Successful Program of Record: Countermine System (CMS)

• JDAM Assault Breaching System (JABS) for VSW–Updated Mission Planner

–Transitioned on 19 Oct 10

Status

* Doctrine, Organization, Training, Materiel, Leadership and Education, Personnel and Facilities Change Recommendation

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Spiral Development of COBRA*

• Block II (IOC / FY15)– Night Operations– Detection in Surf Zone

• Block III (IOC / FY18)– Buried Mines

• Block I (IOC / FY11)– Daytime Operations– Surface Mines– Obstacles– Detection in BZ

* Coastal Battlefield Reconnaissance and Analysis

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Foam, Glint, Waves, Clutter, Turbidity, Currents

Complex Detection Issues

False Alarms Contrast Burial Dynamic Boundary

Beach Zone (BZ)

Surf Zone (SZ) and Very Shallow Water (VSW)

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BZ Multispectral

SZ/VSWMonochrome

• COBRA Block II – Night Operations– Detection in Surf Zone

• Active Multi-spectral– Day/Night Operations– BZ/SZ

• Optimized for Surf Zone• True 3-D LIDAR System• Multi-look Scan Pattern

for Operations in High-Clutter SZ Environment

• Compact for TUAV

Rapid, Overt, Airborne, Reconnaissance (ROAR)

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3

-D

Cam

era

Provides Superior Performance for UAV

Applications

ROAR is True 3-D LIDAR

Data Cube

SingleVoxel

Flying Spot

Range-GatedCamera

STIL

3D Camera

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ROAR Flight Test 3-D Camera Data

Rotated Image of Object

Object

Object Below Water Line

Water Line

Water Line

Depth Slices (6 of 44)

3-D Flash LIDAR Supports Development of Real-Time Target Recognition Algorithms

Water SurfacePoint Cloud

Intensity

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ROAR Flight Test

ROAR System

Eglin Test Site

ROAR System Integrated on Helicopter

Demonstrated Day/Night Automated Detections in the BZ / SZ

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• Program Description– Active and Passive Imagers– Laser Interferometric Sensor

• Objective – COBRA Block III Performance Objectives– Buried Mine Field Detection– Beach Zone (BZ)

• System Issues – Soil and Target Interaction– Soil Moisture and Water Coverage– Uniqueness of Target Signature – False Alarms

Complete Burial

Dynamic Boundary

Tactical UAV Sensors for Detection of Buried Minefields in the BZ

2011 MINWARA

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• Offers potential to detect buried targets in wet and dry sand environment

• System combines an acoustic source to excite the target and the surrounding area with a laser-based electro-optic imaging technique

• Measures the differences in the mechanical response of the ground directly above a buried target with that of the surrounding area.

Laser Interferometric Sensor

Acoustic Source

Laser-Based Electro-Optic Imager

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Laser Interferometric SensorStatic Tests

• Natural Environment • Acoustic Source on the Ground• Detected Buried Mines• Clutter Yielded “No Signal” or a

Significantly Distorted Pattern• Consistent Results

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Acoustic Source

Detected Buried Anti-Tank Mines and IED-Type Targets

Sensor

Target Field

Laser Interferometric Sensor1st Flight Test

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Rapid Overt Airborne Reconnaissance (ROAR)• Transitioned Technology to PMS-495 (28 April 2011)

Laser Interferometric Sensor (LIS) • Preparations are Underway for a Second Flight Test

– Sensor & acoustic source will be onboard the helicopter

Status

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Description

• Update frequency of orbit and clock data• Accuracy of GPS Positions and Attitudes• Combined Navigation and Imagery Data

Objective• Demonstrate Precision Navigation for

MCM Assets Operating in the Littorals

Effectiveness Issues

• Virtual Marking of Lanes / Obstacles– Augmented Reality Virtual Common

Operational Picture (ARVCOP)• Higher Accuracy GPS Positions

– MCM Precision GPS EphemerisDistribution System (MCM PGE DS)

GPSOC

Gateway TCS

MCM PGE DS

ARVCOPGPS

Precision Assault Navigation and Assault Lane Marking

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SIPRNET

GPSOC

MCM TCS

SIPRNET

Precision Navigation Reduces Amount of Ordnance Required to Breach Assault Lanes

EPLRS COM LINK

GPS

Worldwide AF & NGA

GPS Tracking

Sites

Fire Scout• Position Accuracy

1 meter RMS• Target Location Error (TLE)

2-3 meters RMS

AAV with ARVCOP• Cross Track Error (CTE)

4 m (mean), STDEV 2.9 m

MCM PGE Distribution System

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• ARVCOP– Transitioned on 7 Jun 10– PMS-495 awarded TSI a contract to install units on AAVs

• MCM PGE Distribution System– Working with PMS-495, Army and NGA* to implement onto BFT

node on the global communications network– NGA continuing development of compatible software that will

provide future accuracy enhancements

Status

* National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency

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Surface / Near-Surface Drifting and Oscillating Mines

BOTTOM

MOOREDMOORED

MOORED

BOTTOM BOTTOM

Stationary

Detection and Neutralization of Surface and Near-Surface Drifting/Oscillating Mines

Drifting Mines Change Locations Making Reacquisition Impossible

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• Synthetic Aperture Radar• Passive Electro-Optic (EO)• 3-D Flash LIDAR• Onboard Classification

• Wide-Area Detection, Classification, Localization• In-Situ Characterization of the Environment

• Real-time, Onboard Classification

Enables Concurrent Detection & Neutralization

Compact Modular Sensor / Processing Suite (CMSS)

Integrate

Integrate Coordinate

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• Oceanographic Models– Waves, Winds, Currents

• Drift Models– Models for Drift of Objects

• Remote Sensing Algorithms– Directional Wave Spectrum

Enable Real-Time Adaptable MCM Operations in Areas Threatened by Drifting Mines

Mine Drift Prediction TDA

Onboard Prediction of Mine Drift

Stand-Alone Software Service Compatible with MIW C2 (e.g. MEDAL-EA, EPMA and NSAM)

Predicted Surface Currents Tailored Tactical PictureMEDAL Bathymetry Database

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• Transitions Have Contributed to Closing Gap– Capacity/Capability to Clear Large Areas of Mines

• Transitions Completed Since Last Meeting Include:– ROAR– JABS (VSW)– ARVCOP– MCM PGE Distribution System (Pending)

• UAV-Deployed Sensor for Buried Mines – Ends in FY11– Significant Discovery for Standoff Detection – Other Organizations Interested in the Technology

• New FY12 FNC Program for Drifting / Oscillating Mines– Technology Transition Agreement (TTA) is in Staffing– ONR BAA Should be Published by 1 June 2011

Summary

Mr. Brian AlmquistOcean Engineering & Marine Systems

Office of Naval Researchbrian.almquist@navy.mil

(703) 696-3351

MINWARASpring 2011

Regional Conference

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

2011 MINWARA

28

Movies

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Back

ARVCOP AAV Test

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ROAR Flight Test

Back

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LIS Flight Test

Back

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JABS Flight Test

Back

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ROAR 3-D Water Tank

Back

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ROAR Underwater Target Detection

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