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Title Author
Psychological disorder, symptom severity and weight loss in inpatient
adolescent obesity treatment
Van Vlierberghe, L., Braet, C.,
Goossens, L., Rosseel, Y., &
Mels, S.
Lifestyle interventions for youth who are overweight: A
meta-analytic review
Kitzmann, K. M., Dalton, W.,
Stanley, C. M., Beech, B. M.,
Reeves, T. P., Buscemi, J., &
… Midgett, E. L.
Handbook of Obesity Treatment
Goldfield, G. S., Raynor, H. A.,
Epstein, L. H.
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The Effect of Reinforcement or Stimulus Control to Reduce Sedentary
Behavior in the Treatment of Pediatric Obesity.
Epstein, L. H., Paluch, R. A.,
Kilanowski, C. K., & Raynor H. A.
Family-based interventions for pediatric obesity: Methodological and
conceptual challenges for family psychology Kitzmann, K. M., & Beech, B. M.
Camp Golden Treasures: A multidisciplinary weight-loss and a
healthy lifestyle camp for adolescent girls.
Pratt, K. J., Lamson, A. L., Collier, D. N.,
Crawford, Y. S., Harris, N., Gross, K., &
... Saporito, M.
Psychological interventions in the treatment of childhood obesity:
What we know and need to find out. Bogle, V., & Skykes C.
Empriically Supported Treatments in Pediatric Psychology: Pediatric
Obesity. Jelalian, E., & Saelens, B. E.
Etiology, Treatment, and Prevention of Obesity in Childhood and
Adolescence: A decade in Review. Srunijt-Metz, D.
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Growth Rate Reduction during energy restriction in obese
adolescents.
Amador, M., Ramonths, L.T., Morono,
M., & Hermelo, M.P.
Treating overweight children through parental training and
contingency contracting.
Aragona, J., Cassady, J., & Drabman,
R.S.
The effect of physical activity on the body measurements and work
capacity of overweight boys.
Blomquist, B., Boreson, M., Larsson, Y.,
Persson, B., & Sterky, G.
The effectiveness of cognitive self-management as an adjunct to a
behavioral intervention for childhood obesity. Duffy, G. Spence, S.H.
Effects of mastery criteria and contingent reinforcement for family-
based child weight control.
Epstein, L. H., McKenzie, S.J., Valoski,
A., Klein, K.R., & Wing, R.R.
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Effects of decreasing sedentary behavior and increasing activity on
weight change in obese children.
Epstein, L.H., Valsoki, A., Vara, L.,
McCurley, J., Wisniewski, L., Kalarchian,
M.A.,Klein, K.R., & Shrager, L.R.
Child and parent weight loss in family-based behavior modification
programs.
Epstein, L.H., Wing, R.R., Koeske, R.,
Andrasik, F., & Ossip, D.J.
A comparison of life-style change and programmed aerobic exercise
on weight and fitness changes in obese children.
Epstein, L.H., Wing, R.R., Koeske, Ossip,
D.J., & Beck, S.
Effects of diet plus exercise on weight change in parents and children.
Epstein, L.H., Wing, R.R., Koeske, R., &
Vasloski, A.
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A comparison of life-style exercise, aerobic exercise, and calistehenics
on weight loss in obese children.
Epstein, L.H., Wing, R.R., Koeske, R., &
Valoski, A.
Effects of parent weight on weight loss in obese children.
Epstein, L.H., Wing, R.R., Koeske, R., &
Valoski, A.
The effect of diet and controlled exercise on weight loss in obese
children.
Epstein, L.H., Wing, R.R., Penner, B.C.,
& Kress, M.J.
Comparison of family-based behavior modification and nutrition
education for childhood obesity.
Epstein, L.H., Wing, R.R., Steranchak, L.,
Dickson, B., & Michelson, J.
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Stability of food preferences during weight control: A study with 8- to
12 - year olf children and their parents
Epstein, L.H., Wing, R.R., Valoski, A., &
Gooding, W.
Effects of family-based behavioral treatment on obese 5- to 8- year-
old children.
Epstein, L.H., Wing, R.R., Valoski, A., &
Penner, B.C.
The modification of activity patterns and energy expenditure in obese
young girls.
Epstein, L.H., Woodall, K., Goreczny,
A.J., Wing, R.R., & Robertson, R.J.
An evaluation of enhanced self-regulation training in the treatment of
childhood obesity.
Israel, A.C., Guile, C.A., Baker, J.E., &
Silverman, W.K.
Treatment of ovese children with and without their mothers: changes
in weight and blood pressure
Brownell, K.D., Kelman, J.H., &
Stunkard, A.J.
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Comparison of two hypocaloric diets in ovese children.
Figueroa-Colon, R. von Almen, T.K.,
Franklin, F.A., Schuftan, C., & Suskind,
R.M.
Obesity management via diet and exercise intervention Hills, A.P., & Parker, A.W.
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Year Journal Volume Page No. DOI
2009
International Journal of
Pediactric Obesity
4 36-44 10.1080/17477160802220533
2010 Health Psychology 29 91-101 10.1037/a0017437
2002 Book 532-555
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2004 Health Psychology 23 371-380 10.1037/0278-6133.23.4.371
2011
Couple And Family
Psychology: Research
And Practice
1 42-62 10.1037/2160-4096.1.S.45
2009
Families, Systems,
and Health 27 116-124 10.1037/a0014912
2011
Journal of Health
Psychology 16 997-1015 10.1177/1359105310397626
1999
Journal of Pediatric
Psychology 24 223-248
2011
Journal of Research on
Adolescence 21 129-152 10.1111/j.153-7795.2010.00719.x
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1990
Experimental and Clinical
Endocrinology 96 73-82
1975
Journal of Applied Behavioral
Analysis 8 269-278
1965
Acta Paediatrica
Scandinaciva 54 566-572
1993
Journal of Child Psychology
and Psyhiatry 34
1043-
1050
1994 Addictive Bheaviors 19 135-145
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1995 Health Psychology 14 109-115
1981
Journal of Consulting and
Clinical Psychology 49 674-685
1982 Behavior Therapy 13 651-665
1984
Journal of Consulting and
Clinical Psychology 52 429-437
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1985 Behavior Therapy 16 345-356
1986
Journal of Consulting and
Clinical Psychology 54 400-401
1985 Journal of Pediatrics 107 358-361
1980
Journal of Pediatric
Psychology 5 25-36
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1987 Behavioral Modification 11 87-101
1985 Behavioral Therapy 16 205-212
1984 Behavioral Therapy 15 101-108
1994
Journal of Pediatric
Psychology 19 737-749
1983 Pediatrics 71 515-525
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1993
American Journal of Diseases
in Children. 147 160-166
1988
Child Care, Health and
Devleopment 14 409-416
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Population Method Analysis
*Adolescence (14-19 yrs)
*Possesing psychological
symptoms or disorders
*66 Participants
Empirical Study;
Quantiative Study
* t -tests conducted for
YSR and EDE-Q
subscales
*R - software for
statistical computing of
graphics was used to
account for missing
data
*3 Regression analysis
run (1 month, 4
months, end of
treatment)
*Overweight (~20%)
*6- 18 years old
Empirical Study;
Meta Analysis;
Quantiative Study
*Effect Size Analysis
Software
*SPSS
*Obese Children (5-17 yrs)
Empirical Study
*Between-groups
comparisons of
previously collected
data
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*Obese 8-12 year old children
*child in 85th BMI percentile
Empirical Study;
Quantitative Study
*Graphs and charts of
data comparing pre
and post treatment
outcomes for both
groups
*Graphs of changes of
BMI overtime
*Overweight children from 1-18
years of age
Meta Analysis
Data Based
Comparisons
*56 overweight girls (10-18
years) Qualitative Study *Data comparison
*obese adolescents (age 5-16
years)
*evaluated studies
psychological
interventions
combined with dietary
and physical activity
components
*pediatric obesity (12 years and
younger) *compare studies
*obese children (2-18 years)
*between-study
comparison
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*Overweight children (0-13
years) Experimental Design *weekly sessions
*15 girls
*Ages 5-10
*overweiht
*no medical, psychological, or
psychiatric treatment and not in
another weight control program
*Experimental Design
*Randomized group
*2 week baseline
*12 weekly sessions
*Parent only sessions
*info about exercise,
calisthenics, nutrition,
and stimulus control
*explained response
cost and
reinforcement,
reponse cost, and
waitlist control
*43 participants
*ages 8-9 years
*overweight child *Experimental Design
*Randomized group
*physical activity 2
times a week for 4
months
*no treatment control
* 21 participants
*Average percent overweogjt
48.36%
*Age 7-13 years
*Experimental Design
*Randomized group *8 weekly, 90-minute
group sessions
* 44 participants
*74% female, 26% male
*Age 8-12 years
*Experimental Design
*Randomized group
*26 weekly meetings
followed by 6 monthly
meetings
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* 61 subjects
*Age 8-12 years
*Experimental Design
*Randomized group
*weekly session for 4
months then 2 month
meetings
* 44 participants
*74% female, 26% male
*Age 8-12 years
*Experimental Design
*Randomized group
*14 sessions (8 weekly
sessions followed by 6
monthly sessions)
* 51 participants
*children 20-80% overweight
*Age 8-12 years
*no existing
psychological/psychiatric
condition *Experimental Design
*Randomized group
*8 weekly sessions
then 5 maintenance
sessions over 4 months
* 53 participants
*children 20-80% overweight
*Age 8-12 years
*no existing
psychological/psychiatric
condition
*no contra-indications for
exercise
*Experimental Design
*Randomized group
* 8 weekly sessions
then 7 sessions over 20
weeks
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* 44 participants
*children > 20 overweight
*Age 8-12 years *Experimental Design
*Randomized group
* 8 weekly sesssions,
then 10 monthly
sessions
* 41 participants
*children 20-80% overweight
*Age 8-12 years
*children not receiving
psychological/psychiatric
treatment
*Experimental Design
*Randomized group
*crossed with parent
overweight status
*8 weekly sessions,
then 10 monthly
meetings
* 23 participants
*children 20-80% overweight
*Age 8-12 years
*no contra-indications for
exercise
*Experimental Design
*Randomized group
after stratification on
age, percent overweight,
and physical work
capacity
*8 weekly sessions
then 10 monthly
maintenance sessions
* 13 participants
*children > 20% overweight
*Age 6-12 years
*child not receiving medical,
psychological/psychiatric
treatment
*Experimental Design
*Randomized group
after stratification by
percentage overweight
and age
*7 weekly groups, then
3 monthly group
sessions
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* 41 participants
*children 20% -80 % overweight
*Age 8-12 years
*child not receiving medical,
psychological/psychiatric
treatment
*Experimental Design
*Randomized groups
crossed with parent
overweight status
(yes/no)
*8 weekly sessions,
then 10 monthly
sessions
* 19 participants
*children 20% -80 % overweight
*Age 5-8 years
*obese girls reffered by school
nurse or physician
*Experimental Design
*Randomized group
*5 week camp, then 9
monthly maintenance
sessions
* 19 participants
*children 20% -80 % overweight
*Age 5-8 years *Experimental Design
*Randomized group
*5 weeks of 2
days/weel of camp
* 20 participants
*children > 20% overweight
*Age 8 years, 11 months - 13
years, 0 months
*Experimental Design
*Randomized group
*8 90-minute group
sessions, then 9
biweekly sessions
* 38 participants
*average percent overweight =
55.7%
*Age 12-16 years
*Experimental Design
*Randomized group
* 45 to 60 minute
group sessions for 1
year (16 weekly
sessions, then 1
session every 2 months
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* 19 participants
*average percent overweight =
80.4 %
*Age 7.5 - 16.9 years
*Experimental Design
*Randomized group
*ten outpatient
sessions, followed by
monthly sessions for 1
year
* 20 participants
*child above 95th percentile for
percent overweight
*average BMI > 25
*Age: prepubertal
*Experimental Design
*Randomized group
*food recording
*dietitian consult
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Measures Results
*Eating Disorder Examination
*Structured Clinical Interview for DSM
-IV
*Youth Self-Report
*BMI
*Percent Overweight
*Severly overweight children are sucessful in loosing
weight
*After 4 months, boys had lost more weight than girls
*psychopathology not found to significantly predict
weight loss
*those with eating disorders decreased binge eating
episodes
*~50% of adolescents entering treatment with at least
one psychological disorder kept atleast one psychiatric
diagnosis at the end of the program
*Girls and severley obese adolescents require long-
term care
*Between-groups differences in
weight-related outcomes
*Between-groups differences in
health related behaviors at end of
treatment
*BMI
*Percent Overweight
*Interventions for overweight adolescents are effective
under a wide range of conditions
*Improved eating habits
*Parents showed better weight management
themselves
*key component - parent involvement in program
*weight management bettered
*Percent Overweight
*Different treatment outcomes
*BMI
*Most successful programs include multidisciplinary
design with diet, exercise, and application of behavior
modification principles
*exercise interventions alone do not have impact on
weight change
*exercise combined with diet enhances weight loss and
improves long-term maintenance
*less structured, more flexible lifestyle exercise may be
more effective than higher intensity aerobic exercise
*Reduce sedentary activity with use of structured
eating plan
*Including parents in family-based behavioral
intervention strengthens short and long-term weight
loss
*Percent overweight decreases as duration of
treatment increases
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*Daily food intake recorded
*Habits book - recorded target
sedentary behavior times
*BMI calculated and compared to CDC
growth charts
* Weight and Height
*METs calculated daily
*Decrease in percent overweight
*Decrease in sedentary behavior/ intake of high density
foods
*Increase in servings of fruits and vegetables
*Increase in percent of time above 3 METs
*Increase in moderate to vigorous physical activity
*Content of intervention
*Weight/Height
*BMI
*Nutrion Measurment in logs
*Exervise Logs
*Therapy sessions
*Most programs include parents in behavioral or
cognitive-behavioral approaches to behavior
management in order to change childs eating habits
*Some research states that the more a parent is
envolved doesn't always mean the outcome will be
better
*Family-based research can be more effective if aspects
such as variability in parent and family function is taken
into account
*Percent Overweight
*Exercise
*BMI
*Eating Habits
*~6% weightloss of initial body weight for 6 weeks of
attendance
*changes in obesity-related comorbidities
(hypertension, insulin resistance, sleep apnea)
*Change of weight and BMI
*Percentage overweight
*dietary intake
*physical activity
*fitness
*screen time (tv/computer, etc.)
*firm conclusions about the effectiveness of
psychological interventions for childhood obesity can
not be made
*interventions aimed atreducing sedentary
activities/increasing physical activity level effective
*multi-component family-based behavioral
interventions are effective
*compared weight loss interventions
of several studies.
*well-established treatments for intervening with
pediatric obesity in children between the ages of 8 to
12 years
*current definitions of childhoos and
adolescent overweight and obesity
*demography od obesity in U.S.
*psyhcosocial correlations of
childhood and adolecent obesity
*several studies were found the reduced BMI with
pharmaceutical, physical activity, reduce sedentary,
and lifestyle interventions.
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*weekly sessions
*calroie intake log
*BMI measurement
*Males lost 3.2 kg after 4 weeks of treatment
*Females lost 2.9 kg after 4 weeks of treatment
*males lost 7.6 kg after 6 months
*females lost 8.1 kg
*Change of weight and BMI
*Percentage overweight
*dietary intake
*response cost and reinforcement group lost 11.3 lbs
*response cost group lost 9.5 lbs
*waitlist control gained 0.9 lbs
*patients still lost weight eight weeks from post-
treatment
*Physical activity level
*weight loss
*BMI
*Gained 0.8 kg
*no follow up
*stimulus crontrol
*monitoring food & activity
*goal setting and postivie
reinforcement
*relaxation training
*cognitive restructuring
*problem solving
*selving-reinforcement
*Group 1 demonstrated a 0.9% decrease in percent
over weight
*Group 2 demonstrated a 7.8% decrease in percent
over weight
*Significant decrease in percentage of overweight
individuals in both groups
*traffic light diet
*lifestlye exercise
*parents trained in behavior
management
* parents and children seen in
separate groups
*6 months from pre-treatment group 1 demonstrated
30.1% decrease in percent overweight
*6 months from pre-treatment group 2 demonstrated
20% decrease in percent overweight
*Twelve months from pre-treatment Group 1
demonstrated a 26.5% decrease in percent overweight
* Twelve months from pre-treatment Group 2
demonstrated a 16.7% decrease in percent overweight
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*traffic light diet
*behavioral contracting
*reinforce decreased sedentary
activity
* reinforced increased physcial
activity combined with behavioral
contrast and decreased sedentary
activity
*4 months from pre-months for group 1 there was
approxiately a 21% decrease in overweight
*4 months from pre-months for group 2 there was
approxiately a 13% decrease in overweight
*4 months from pre-months for group 3 there was
approxiately a % decrease in overweight
* 12 months from pre-months for group 1 there was
approxiately a 19% decrease in overweight
* 12 months from pre-months for group 2 there was
approxiately a 8% decrease in overweight
* 12 months from pre-months for group 3 there was
approxiately a 11% decrease in overweight
*traffic light diet
*aerobic exercise plan
*behavioral modification
*parent and child targeted weight loss
*psychiatric treatment
*parent participation
*significant decrease inpercentage of obesity for all
groups (1,2,3)
*41 % of children were less than 20% overweight
*traffic light diet
*behavior contracting
*behavioral modification
*parent and child seen in different
groups
* diet and lifestyle exercise (group 1)
*diet and programmed exercise
(group 2)
*lifestyle exercise (group 3)
*programmed exercise (group 4)
*at the end of maintenance group 1 was -19%
overweight
*at the end of maintenance group 2 was -10%
overweight
*at the end of maintenance group 3 was 13-%
overweight
*at the end of maintenance group 4 was -14%
overweight
*traffic light diet
*token economy
*parent and child seen in different
groups
* diet and lifestyle exercise (group 2)
*diet (group 1)
*waitlist control (group 3)
*group 1 demonstrated approximately -15%
overweight
*group 2 demonstrated approximately -16%
overweight
*group 3 demonstrated approximately + 2%
overweight
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*self monitoring
*traffic light diet
*modeling
* parent behavioral management
*behavioral contracting
*diet and programmed aerobic
exercise (group 1)
*diet and lifestyle exercise (group 2)
*diet and calisthenics exercise (group
3)
*2 months from pre-treatment group 1 was -11%
overweight
*2 months from pre-treatment group 2 was -13%
overweight
*2 months from pre-treatment group 3 was -11%
overweight
* 6 months from pre-treatment group 1 was -17%
overweight
*6 months from pre-treatment group 2 was -20%
overweight
*6 months from pre-treatment group 3 was -16%
overweight
*traffic light diet
*lifestyle exercise program
*parent and child seen in different
groups
* parent control training, parent
overweight (group 1)
*child self-control training, parent
overweight (group 2)
*parent control training, parent not
overweight (group 3)
*child self-control training, parent not
overweight (group 4)
* no differential effect of parent vs. child control
*groups 1 & 2 demonstrated -7.7% overweight
*groups 3 & 4 demonstrated -16.3% overweight
* 3+4 > 1+2
*traffic light diet
*behavioral management
*parent and child seen in different
groups
* diet and aerobic exercise (group 1)
* diet alone (group 2)
*2 months from pre-treatment group 1 was -17%
overweight
* 2 months from pre-treatment group 2 was -12%
overweight
*6 months from pre-treatment group 1 was -28%
overweight
* 6 months from pre-treatment group 1 was -19%
overweight
*traffic light deit
*exercise instruction and calisthenics
or walking in sessions
*self monitoring, stimulus control,
behavioral contracting, therapst
phone contact (group 1)
*nutrition and exercise education only
* percent overweight group 1 -9.7%
*percent overweight group 2 -4.7%
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*traffic light deit
* parents and children seen in
separate groups
*behavioral modifications
* parent control training, with parent
overweight (group 1) *child self-
control training, with parent
overweight (group 2)
*parent control training, with parent
not overweight (group 3)
* child self-control training, with
parent not overweight (group 4)
* no differential effecr of parent vs. child control
* group 1 & group 2 approximately - 8% overweight
*group 2 & group 3 approximately - 18% overweight
* 3 + 4 > 1+ 2
*traffic light diet
*parents seen in separate groups
* behavioral management and diet
and exercise program (group 1)
*diet and exercise program (group 2)
* 4 months from pre-treatment group 1 showed -20%
overweight
* 4 months from pre-treatment group 2 showed -13%
overweight
*traffic light diet
*nutritional education
* experimental:baseline, treatment,
reversal, treatment, reversal (group 1)
*control: baseline; treatment =
random reinforcement of physical
activity; reversal = reinforcement of
sharing (group 2)
* Pre-post change: -4.9 lbs across groups
* 1 = 2
* parent and child seen in separate
groups
* monitoring, cue control, rewarding
weight control behaviors, parent
emphasis (group 1)
*same as (1) except child-control
emphasis; child self management
training (group 2)
* group 1 demonstrated -12.5%
*group 2 demonstrated -15.6%
*significant decrease from pre-treatment in both
groups 1=2
*adolescent in treatment alone (group
1)
*adolescent and mother attended
together (group 2)
* adolescent and mother attended
separately (group 3)
*group 1 shows -6.8% overweight
*group 2 shows -7.0% overweight
*group 3 shows -17.1% overweight
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*protein-sparing modified fast (group
1)
*hypocaloric diet (group 2)
*ten weeks from pre-treatment group 1 showed -29.5%
overweight
*ten weeks from pre-treatment group 2 showed -13.8%
overweight
*sixteen weekly, 50-minute exercise
sessions (reinforcement and
monitoring of home exercise;
prescription of 20 minutes of exercise
3-4 X per week) (group 1)
*no exercise (group 2)
*group 1 showed -5.5 kg
*group 2 showed +2.6 kg
*No significant change in either group
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Summary
*Girls and severly obese require long-
term care due to discouragment
halfway through treatment.
*Psychopathology not linked with
predicting weight loss
*Parents role in treatment is
extremely important for adolescent
*Combining nutrition, exercise, and
application of behavior modification
produces most successful outcomes
*Parents must be included in
intervention process
* Exercise must be combined with
diet to lead to weight loss
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*Boys twice as likely to substitute
physical activity than girls
*Effects of study enhanced when
participants engage in physical
activity to keep busy from sedentary
behaviors
*Parents do need to be envolved in
intervention to some degree
*Variability in parent and family
function must be taken in
consideration for each individual
case
*Well structured diet, exercise and
group therapy are sucessful when
compined
*family-based, multi-component
behavioral interventions are effective
*still needs more research