Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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AN INTRODUCTION

TOARRAY

By:

ATIQA , RAFIARBIYA,

RABBIA

Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction to the ARRAY Classification Array Declaration Array Initialization Array with FOR Loop Upper and lower limit of Array Advantages Disadvantages Conclusion

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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Introduction An Array is a group of memory location s

having same data type Data type specify the type of data it stores A group of CONTINOUS memory locations Example: Int A[0][1][2][3][4] Store JUST single variable C++ store list values in it Arrange in Rows/ Columns

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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To refer a particular location its Name and its “SUBSCRIPT “is specifiesWHAT IS A ‘SUBSCRIPT’?The number contained within Square bracketIt MUST be an integer or expression If its an integer expression then it is evaluated to describe the subscriptEXAMPLE: c[a+b] +=2; if a=5, and b=6

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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In some languages (e.g. COBOL) arrays are called “Tables”. An individual value in an array is called an “Element”

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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Classification There are divided into following types;1. One Dimensional Arrays: A[0][1][2][3][4][5][6]………………[n]2. Two Dimensional Arrays:

3. Multi Dimensional Arrays: 3D, 4D etc

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A[0][0] A[0][1] A[0][2] A[0][3] A[0][4]

A[1][0] A[1][1] A[1][2] A[1][3] A[1][4]

A[2][0] A[2][1] A[2][2] A[2][3] A[2][4]

Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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One Dimensinal Arrays

We Explore The Following Things in this Section:•Arrays Declaration •Arrays Initialization •With FOR Loop

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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Array DeclarationAs just in few steps…Lets have an example of OVERS in a cricket match, its 6 per over We declared it something like that…Int balls[5] Subscript/indexArray_name OR….

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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Its still the same!!!Int balls= {1,2,3,4,5,6}

More Examplex:Char city= {L,A,H,O,R,E}FLOAT NUM={1.2, 1.3, 1.4 ,1.5 }

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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Array Initialization

It can be intialized as they declaredDo not need to declared the subscript if initial values are defined What's the initial values we are talking about.. Int k[]= {12,13,14,15}

WE HAVENT SEPCIFY THE INDEX-ANOTHER NAME AND STIL IT WORKS

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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Because array automatically generate the space for itJUST FOR UNDERSTANDING!!! Int k [5]= {12,13,14,15}With index it something look like this…..C++ does not flag out any error if index go out of the bound… HOW?????Char k[7]={A,R,R,A,Y}Even the memory remains empty still it does not cerate any error…

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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Array Loops

Almost always needed to steep through the ARRAYThe loop is used is “FOR-LOOP”Can not do manipulation easily thenBUT WHY????? Loops are use to REPEATATION so as in the case of array we MUXT declared the index of ≥0 ; for C++ to pick up the required index it uses the loop.But just not used in some fewer cases

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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ONE DIMENSIONAL ARRAY ENDZZZ….

Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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• We ‘r going to explore the following contents in this:

1. Introduction to 2D-Array2. 2D Array with nested FOR loop3. Upper and lower limit of array4. Advantages5. Disadvantages

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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Two Dimensinal Arrays

It has rows and columns…… just like a TABLEAlso known as MATRIXEXAMPLE:

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A[0][0] A[0][1] A[0][2] A[0][3] A[0][4]

A[1][0] A[1][1] A[1][2] A[1][3] A[1][4]

A[2][0] A[2][1] A[2][2] A[2][3] A[2][4]

Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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HOW TO DECLARE 2D-ARRAY??? This way Int temps[2][2]Row * column = 2*2: holding 4 integers

NOW HOW to INITIALIZE IT?????? JUST simple!!! Int temps[2][2]={{12,14} , {21,41}}:Value of each is held in {}

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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In GENERAL: ARRAY_NAME[row][column]={row}{column}

[SUBSCRIPT]Both parts of an index MUST be an integer

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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Arrays with Nested FOR Loops

Nested FOR loops to step through 2D-ArrayUSUALL FORMAT:FOR EACH ROW, FOR EACH COLUMNDo something to array[row][column]EXAMPLE:Int team[2][3];For(int row=0;orw<2;;row++){For(int row=0;orw<2;;row++){Team[row][column]=8: }}

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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TWO DIMENSIONAL ARRAYENDXXXX….

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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Upper And Lower Limit

Mid versions of BASIC allowed any starting and ending value. So we could have arrays like the following: EXAMPLE:     int years (1998 to 2008)     int tide. level(-5 to +5) Many “modern” languages do not allow this freedom with declaring arrays

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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Advantages

* simple and easy to create Any element of an array can be accessed time by its indexRandom accessConstant size arrays with arbitrary size (dynamically allocated array)array will always hold similar kind of information

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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DisadvantagesWe cant change the size of array during run time  Constant size WITH Constant data-type Array data structure is not completely dynamic.Insertion and deletion of an element in the array requires to shift the locations

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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CONCLUSIONThe Prospective of what we have presented now is to JUST enhance the ability of ourselves;Its up to US how we cater down al this in our practical LIFE… We have to crave what is perfect from INSIDE!!!!

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Topic: ARRAY by Atiqa, Rafia ; Rbiya, Rabia

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REFERENCES1. C How to program, 4th edition by DEITEL2. WWW.gavilian.edu/adnvantages/histroy

/arrays.htm3. WWW.agolist.net/data-strcutures/arrays

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