armasuisse swiss federal office of topography swisstopo etrs89 as reference coordinate system for...

armasuisseSwiss Federal Office of Topography swisstopo

ETRS89 as reference coordinate system for Europe

E. Brockmann

2 Swiss Federal Office of Topography swisstopo


Topics

• Basis of ETRS89• The 3 hierarchies: European – national new – national old

- availability and accuracy- 3D - 2D + 1D- Country-specific situations in Europe- some examples of Switzerland- specifications and standards (European / national)



Definition ETRS89 (=System)

• Adopted in 1990 by EUREF• ETRS89 was aligned to the international reference

system ITRS at epoch 1989.0. • Whereas European stations have movements of several

centimeters within one year in the ITRS, ETRS89 is fixed to stable part of Europe

• 2003: decision of the European Commission to relate their own geographical data to ETRS89



Station movements globally

• World-wide (1-10 cm/year) Europe (< 1-2 mm/year)

Europe: 2.5 cm/year -> North -East



Realization (=Frame)

• “Fixing” / Defining coordinates - High accuracies and world-wide thanks to GPS

• Need for homogeneous national reference frame in Europe (Eurogeographics, INSPIRE, GIS data exchange): ETRF

• National ETRF coordinates were in the past mainly computed from campaigns – today permanent networks define national reference frames

• The ETRFyy realizations are used as the reference frame for Europe an in the countries!

• Umbrella EUREF: EPN web portal gives detailed information on coordinates. Coordinates are mainly “scientific” oriented (weekly an multi-annual coordinate sets)

• In countries “old” / distorted coordinate reference systems exist

Internat./EUREF “mm”

National new “cm”

National old“cm/dm”



Example: CRS in SwitzerlandITRS

CTS globalkinematic

global kinematic(stable part of the eurasian plate)

ETRS89----------------------------------- -- -- -- -- -- EU kontinental

kinematic

regionalkinematic

CHTRS95(CHKM95)

---------------------------------------------------------(inkl. lokale Kinematik : CHKM95)

CH regional/localkinematic

CH1903+(LV95)

============================== CH lokalstatic

LV03===================================================================… CH lokal

old distorted

time1989 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 2000



National old “cm/dm”

Fineltra Transformation cm / dm

Simple 3D-Transformation

No kinematic

ETRF93

Trafo (Boucher, Altamimi)

ITRF20yy



national CRS ETRS89

North East

Latitude Longitude(ell. height)

XYZ

North East

Latitude Longitude(ell. height)

XYZ

Transformation

Conversion

Conversion

Conversion

Conversion

Transformation - Position

3D

2DMap projection

(+ 1D)height /geoid



Transformation info for GIS

Definition + transformationhttp://www.crs-geo.eu



National old“cm/dm”

Globally also available (European Petroleum Survey Group)http://www.epsg.org/

Reference for many OGC projects

Transformation with Meter accuraccy



National Coordinate Reference Systems (CRS) in Europe# Country ID Coordinate Reference System

(CRS) Identifier Datum Projection

1 Albania AL AL_ALB87 / AL_TM ALB87 Transverse Mercator

2 Austria AT AT_MGI / AT_TM MGI Transverse Mercator

3 Belgium BE BE_BD72 / Lamb72 BD72 Lambert Conformal Conic

4 Bulgaria BG BG_1942 / GK_3 1942 Transverse Mercator (Gauss-Krüger-System)

BG BG_1942 / TM_6 1942 Transverse Mercator

5 Croatia HR HR_HDKS / GK_3 HDKS Transverse Mercator (Gauss-Krüger-System)

6 Cyprus CY CY_ED50 / UTM ED50 Transverse Mercator (UTM)

7 Czech Republic CZ CZ_S-JTSK / JTSK_OCC S-JTSK Oblique Conformal Conic

8 Denmark DK DK_ED50 / UTM ED50 Transverse Mercator (UTM) 9 Estonia EE EE_EST92 / LambEST92 EST92 Lambert Conformal Conic

10 Finland FI FI_KKJ / FI_TM KKJ Transverse Mercator

11 France FR FR_ED50 / EUROLMB ED50 Lambert Conformal Conic

FR FR_NTF / Lamb NTF Lambert Conformal Conic

12 Germany DE DE_DHDN / GK_3 DHDN Transverse Mercator (Gauss-Krüger-System)

DE DE_RD83 / GK_3 RD83 Transverse Mercator (Gauss-Krüger-System)

DE DE_PD83 / GK_3 PD83 Transverse Mercator (Gauss-Krüger-System)

DE DE_42/83/ TM_6 42/83 Transverse Mercator

13 Gibraltar GI GI_ED50 / UTM ED50 Transverse Mercator (UTM) 14 Great Britain GB GB_OSSN(80) / NG OSSN(80) Transverse Mercator

15 Greece GR GR_GGRS87 / GR_TM GGRS89 Transverse Mercator

16 Hungary HU HU_HD-72 / EOV HD-72 Oblique Conformal Cylindric

17 Iceland IS IS_Hj1955 / UTM Hj1955 Transverse Mercator (UTM)

18 Ireland IE IE_Ireland75 / IrishNG Ireland75 Transverse Mercator

19 Italy IT IT_Roma 40 / East Roma 40 Transverse Mercator

IT IT_Roma 40 / West Roma 40 Transverse Mercator

IT IT_ED50 / UTM ED50 Transverse Mercator (UTM) 20 Latvia LV LV...

21 Lithuania LT LT_LKS94 / LT_TM LKS94 Transverse Mercator



# Country ID Coordinate Reference System(CRS) Identifier

Datum Projection

22 Luxembourg LU LU_LUREF / LU_Gauss LUREF Transverse Mercator

23 Macedonia(FYROM)

MK MK...

24 Netherlands NL NL_RD / DutchST RD Oblique Stereographic

25 Northern Ireland NI NI_Ireland 75 / IrishNG Ireland 75 Transverse Mercator

26 Norway NO NO_NGO48 / NGO NGO Transverse Mercator

27 Poland PL PL_EUREF89 / 1992 EUREF89 Transverse Mercator

PL PL_EUREF89 / 2000 EUREF89 Transverse Mercator

PL PL_42/58 / 1965 42/58 Oblique Stereogr. (Zone 1...4) / Transv.Mercator (Zone 5)

28 Portugal PT PT_Azo / UTM Azo Transverse Mercator (UTM)

PT PT_D73(84) / PT_Gauss D73(84) Transverse Mercator

PT PT_D73(89) / PT_Gauss D73(89) Transverse Mercator

PT PT_DLx(84) / Bonne DLx(84)

PT PT_DLx(84) / PT_Gauss DLx(84) Transverse Mercator

PT PT_DLx(89) / Bonne DLx(89)

PT PT_DLx(89) / PT_Gauss DLx(89) Transverse Mercator

PT PT_Mad / UTM Mad Transverse Mercator (UTM)

29 Romania RO RO_S42(84) / ..... S42(84)

RO RO_S42(89) / TM_6 S42(89) Transverse Mercator

RO RO_S42(89) / St1970 S42(89) Oblique Stereographic

30 Russia RU RU... Transverse Mercator

31 Slovak Republic SK SK_S-JTSK / JTSK_OCC JTSK Oblique Conformal Conic

32 Slovenia SI SI_SI / GK_3 Transverse Mercator (Gauss-Krüger-System)

33 Spain ES ES_ED50 / UTM ED50 Transverse Mercator (UTM)

34 Sweden SE SE_RT90 / SE_TM RT90 Transverse Mercator

35 Switzerland CH CH_CH1903 / CH_PROJECTION 1903 Oblique Conformal Cylindric

CH CH_CH1903+ / CH_PROJECTION 1903+ Oblique Conformal Cylindric

36 Turkey TR TR_ED50 / TR_TM ED50 Transverse Mercator

TR TR_ED50 / UTM ED50 Transverse Mercator (UTM)

37 Ukraine UA UA... Transverse Mercator



Relation between coordinate systems

• Availability in the countries ?

• accuracy 3D ? / 2D ?1D ?

http://www.euref-iag.net



National old

“cm/dm”



ETRS status (Survey for UIC 3.Oct.2006)

Position HeightContry ID-Nat Survey ID-Railway CRS Description Transf. to ETRS89 CRS Description Transf. to EVRF2000Albania AL published no published publishedAustria AT ÖBB published published published publishedBelgium BE INFRABEL published published published publishedBosnia / Hercegovina BA no no exist existBulgaria BG no published published publishedCroatia HR HZ published published exist existCyprius CY no published no noCzech Republic CZ CD published published exist existDenmark DK BDK published published published publishedEstonia EE published published published publishedFinland FI VR published published published publishedFrance FR SNCF published published published publishedGermany DE DB-AG published published published publishedGibraltar GI published published no noGreat Britain GB Network Rail published published published publishedGreece GR OSE published no exist noHungary HU MAV exist exist published publishedIceland IS no no no noIreland IE IE published published published noItaly IT RFI published published exist existLativia LV published published exist existLthiuania LT published published published publishedLuxembourg LU CFL published published published noMacedonia MK no no no noMalta MT no no no noMoldaviaNetherlands NL PRORAIL published published published publishedNorthern Ireland NI Translink published published exist noNorway NO JBV published published published publishedPoland PL PKP published published exist existPortugal PT REFER published published published publishedRomania RO no no exist existRussia RU no no exist noSlovak Republic SK ZSR published published published publishedSlovenia SI published published published publishedSpain ES ADIF published published published publishedSweden SE BV published published published existSwitzerland CH SBB published published published publishedTurkey TR published published published published

Geodetic Datum



ETRS status (Survey for UIC 3.Oct.2006)

Position Height

Albania AL published no published publishedAustria AT ÖBB published published published publishedBelgium BE INFRABEL published published published publishedBosnia / Hercegovina BA no no exist existBulgaria BG no published published publishedCroatia HR HZ published published exist existCyprius CY no published no noCzech Republic CZ CD published published exist existDenmark DK BDK published published published publishedEstonia EE published published published publishedFinland FI VR published published published publishedFrance FR SNCF published published published publishedGermany DE DB-AG published published published publishedGibraltar GI published published no noGreat Britain GB Network Rail published published published publishedGreece GR OSE published no exist noHungary HU MAV exist exist published publishedIceland IS no no no noIreland IE IE published published published noItaly IT RFI published published exist existLativia LV published published exist existLthiuania LT published published published publishedLuxembourg LU CFL published published published noMacedonia MK no no no noMalta MT no no no noMoldaviaNetherlands NL PRORAIL published published published publishedNorthern Ireland NI Translink published published exist noNorway NO JBV published published published publishedPoland PL PKP published published exist existPortugal PT REFER published published published publishedRomania RO no no exist existRussia RU no no exist noSlovak Republic SK ZSR published published published publishedSlovenia SI published published published publishedSpain ES ADIF published published published publishedSweden SE BV published published published existSwitzerland CH SBB published published published publishedTurkey TR published published published publishedUkraine UA no no exist no

Position HeightContry ID-Nat Survey ID-Railway CRS Description Transf. to ETRS89 CRS Description Transf. to EVRF2000Albania AL published no published publishedAustria AT ÖBB published published published publishedBelgium BE INFRABEL published published published publishedBosnia / Hercegovina BA no no exist existBulgaria BG no published published publishedCroatia HR HZ published published exist existCyprius CY no published no noCzech Republic CZ CD published published exist existDenmark DK BDK published published published publishedEstonia EE published published published publishedFinland FI VR published published published publishedFrance FR SNCF published published published publishedGermany DE DB-AG published published published publishedGibraltar GI published published no noGreat Britain GB Network Rail published published published publishedGreece GR OSE published no exist noHungary HU MAV exist exist published publishedIceland IS no no no noIreland IE IE published published published noItaly IT RFI published published exist existLativia LV published published exist existLthiuania LT published published published publishedLuxembourg LU CFL published published published noMacedonia MK no no no noMalta MT no no no noMoldaviaNetherlands NL PRORAIL published published published publishedNorthern Ireland NI Translink published published exist noNorway NO JBV published published published publishedPoland PL PKP published published exist existPortugal PT REFER published published published publishedRomania RO no no exist existRussia RU no no exist noSlovak Republic SK ZSR published published published publishedSlovenia SI published published published publishedSpain ES ADIF published published published publishedSweden SE BV published published published existSwitzerland CH SBB published published published publishedTurkey TR published published published published

Geodetic Datum



Status of the European Permanent Network (EPN)39 countries

223 sites

Status: 1.5.2009



Comparison with EPN05 densification:alternative Method using EPN webEPN

National level (e.g. CH)

inte

rnati

on

al

nati

on

al

http://www.epncb.oma.be/_trackingnetwork/coordinates/stationcoordinates4onestation.php?station=ZIMM

- requested to report in the national report

- on sub-mm identical to method using SNX: SSC file rounded to 1 mm



20/35

10/10

Ok: (xx CRD delivered / EPN sites)

Not yet asked (EPN sites)

4/5

No EPN sites used: (xx CRD delivered / EPN sites)

0/7

1

5

3

1

3

4

4/4

16/19

9/20

Status: 1.5.20093

2

4/5

Partly more site coordinates delivered (additional national + outside of the country)

Greenland:4Israel: 2Morocco: 2Armenia: 1

20/31

1

1

1

5/5

12

1/17

3/6

1

1

6

2/4

7/8

2/2

4

9

12

Number of EPN sites with official national ETRF coordinates

1

All 15 countries sent coordinates

EPN: 39 countries 223 sites



Comparison with EPN05 densification:Method used

Comparison(Difference)

“EPN05” mm

ITRF ETRF

EPN_ITRF_C1355.SNX EPN_ETRF_C1355.CRD

ITRF2005 ETRF2000

ETRF2000(R05) Transformation,

Epoch 2000.0

ITRF05 Densification solution of the EPN (Nov. 2008): data till week 1355

AUT_20090211.ETRFBEL_20090127.ETRFCHE_20081021.ETRFDEU_20081104.ETRFESP_20090201.ETRFFIN_20090119.ETRFFRA_20090428.ETRFHUN_20090120.ETRFITA_20090101.ETRFNLD_20090325.ETRFPOL_20090129.ETRFPRT_20090402.ETRFSVK_20090421.ETRSWE_20081024.ETRF

ETRF00 ETRF2000 ETRF93 ETRS89 ETRF05 ETRF96ETRF93 ETRF00 ETRF2000ETRF2000(R05) ETRF05(R05)ETRF89ETRF2000ETRF97Different Epochs

“National ETRF” cm

National ETRF coordinates

scientific multi-annual densification solution

official national coordinates



Comparison of “official” national coordinates with scientific multi-annual EPN05 densification



Why 2-3 cm differences? Limits of ETRS realizations• different ETRFYY definitions and reference epochs• transition from campaign to permanent stations• different analysis models and software used• different station setups (antenna changes) – most recent

EPN station setup was used for the comparisons• mapping agencies cannot change coordinates frequently • location on “non-stable plate” (South Italy)

• Well done by the national mapping agencies• Limit: stable part of Europe



2D / 1D in Europe

• Map projections defined since 1999 (Eurogeographics, INSPIRE)

• Height reference frame ETRF2007 - released 2008- transformations not yet available in most of the countries; very

rough transformations available at CRS web page- CH: 1-2 cm Trafo-tool planned (11 cm shift + HTRANS-type

correction to old LHN02 and new LHN95)• Precise European Geoid not yet available: publication planned

2010

Requirement 5INSPIRE will mandate the Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area (ETRS89-LAEA) for spatial analysis and display

Requirement 6NSPIRE will mandate the Lambert Conformal Conic (ETRS89-LCC) for conformal pan-European mapping at scales smaller or equal to 1:500,000

Requirement 7INSPIRE will mandate the Transverse Mercator (ETRS89-TMzn) for conformal pan-European mapping at scales larger than 1:500,000



Related topics

• Other standards / specifications- ISO19100-family on geographic information- Inspire data specifications - Inspire web service specifications (e.g. coordinate Web

Coordinate Transformation Service (WCTS); Web Processing Service (WPS))

- National specifications (geoservices; CH: e-geo)

“INSPIRE Annex I data specifications”






National old

“cm/dm”

• Availability in the countries ?

• accuracy 3D ? / 2D ?1D ?

• Availability in the countries

• accuracy 3D / 2D 1D


Stable part of Europe



Example CH: distortions



New Reference System CHTRS95 (Reference Frame LV95)“old coordinates” 200’000 / 600’000

“new coordinates” 1’200’000 / 2’ 600’000



Transformation: Old <-> New System

Trafo using Finite Elements:

▬ national „dm“-transformation

▬ cantonal „cm“-transformation

Model name: CHENyx06

5'925 transformation points

11'731 triangles

LV03 LV95



Accuracy of the transformation• 46‘600 control points (CP)

2.2 points per km2

• maximal CP influence 1.5 km• interpolation (using 1/d2

and max. 1.5 km)• Empirical accuracy:

2 cm ± 1 cm



CH: Geoid + Height Transformation LN02-LHN95• Available for

- Receiver - Office programs (TGO, other GNSS software)- both included in REFRAME

-5 <-> +5 m± 2 – 5 cm (alps)

-0.20 <-> +0.55 m ± 3 – 15 cm (far from levelling lines)

Geoid CHGeo2004 HTRANS1 km grids available

NOT free of charge:

free of charge:

Height system remains “old” LHN02



Method „Grids“

0 km 20 km 40 km 60 km 80 km 100 km

R eferenzvektoren

1m

2m

• ~ 1 mm identical to dm-FINELTRA (1 km raster)• < 1 cm difference to cm-FINELTRA (1 km raster)

• < 1 cm to HTRANS (1 km raster); high alps < 10 cm



Example CH: accuracy and usage of transformation

cm: Cantonal Trafo: Depending quality of the areas: 1 cm up to some dm

yesFederal surveying

dm: National Trafo: 1-3 dm (moderate elevations) up to several dm (mountains)

yesGIS

horizontal accuracyavailabilityUsage of transformation data set

m: Simply add 1’000’000 and 2’000’000 yesMapping Navigation



GeoIG and reference frame

• Geographic information law + 10 ordinances, came into force 1.7.2008

• Transitions phase for LV95: 2016 for geobasis data regulated by federal law; 2020 for all geobasis data

2017 … 20XX2000 … 2006 2007 2008 … 2016

Δ-generation

LV95LV03

work

geobasis data

reference frame

renewalChange of the reference frame

LV03 LV95

Height system remains “old” LHN02



2. off-line transformation program “REFRAME”

Support for transformations

4. View of transformation accuracy

3. on-line transformations

5. transformation supported also by positioning service swipos® in real-time (special phone number)

- LV03-LV95-ETRS- geoid, - height systems LN02-LHN95

1. Download of CHENyx06 data set; dlls are available

2 3 4



Examples Grids / FINELTRA usage in third-party software• Leica GPS Software (CSCS): Country specific coordinate systems

• ESRI: FINELTRA dll included

• NTV2 Format as European-wide standard for the transformation



Grids (plane trafo) in other EU countries• At annual EUREF not a “hot” topic (no big discussions) ->

also available in the countries (but different accuracies)• For UIC (2006) a detailed status was collected for countries

France, Germany, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland - all countries have slightly different solutions, but the goal of the transformation “old”-”new” is reached.











National old

“cm/dm”

Solutions country- and software-specific

Stable part of Europe



Advantages of ETRS

• ONE reference system for Europe• Linked to the international reference system ITRS• Easily accessible with GPS• No distortions in the network / no adoption to neighbouring

points• „Absolute“ coordinates / less maintenance work for local

reference points• Simple handling of coordinates for users (economy,

administration, etc.) • Enables an exchange of geographical data



Thanks for your attention!

C. Calvert: EUREF–Symposium 2005, Vienna

armasuisse swiss federal office of topography swisstopo etrs89 as reference coordinate system for...

Documents

reference coordinate

etrs89 slide

europe definition etrs89

euref etrs89

national reference frames

europe topics basis

europe eurogeographics

europe example