apt asphalt substrate
DESCRIPTION
GROWTH OF ORGANISM IN ASPHALT CONCRETETRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Project CycleProject Cycle
Project
(1) SubstrateCharacteristics Consultants
Architect
Specification
Project
(1) SubstrateCharacteristics
(2) PerformanceRequirements
ConsultantsArchitect
Specification
DesignInnovation
Specification
Project
(1) SubstrateCharacteristics
(2) PerformanceRequirements
ConsultantsArchitect
MaterialSupplier
Specification
DesignInnovation
Specification
Material Innovation
Material Supply
Project
(1) SubstrateCharacteristics
(2) PerformanceRequirements
(3) Application
ConsultantsArchitect
MaterialSupplier
Contractor
Specification
DesignInnovation
Specification
Material Innovation
Material Supply
Installation
Project
(1) SubstrateCharacteristics
(2) PerformanceRequirements
(3) Application
(4) Verification
ConsultantsArchitect
MaterialSupplier
TestLaboratory
Contractor
Specification
DesignInnovation
Specification
Material Innovation
Material Supply
Installation
Project
(1) SubstrateCharacteristics
(2) PerformanceRequirements
(3) Application
(4) Verification
ConsultantsArchitect
MaterialSupplier
TestLaboratory
Contractor
ContractorManagement
Maintenance Specification
DesignInnovation
Specification
Material Innovation
Material Supply
Installation
![Page 2: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Substrate CharacteristicsSubstrate Characteristics
1. Chemistry of Asphalt2. Physical Properties of Asphalt3. Asphalt Substrates4. Principles of Coating Technology
![Page 3: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Terminology: Bitumen
Bitumen = amorphous substance:
• asphaltenes = dispersed phase
![Page 4: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Chemical Structure of Ashaltenes
CH2
CH3
CH2
CH2CH2
CH2CH
CH2CH2
CH2CH2
CH2CH3
CH3
![Page 5: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Terminology: Bitumen
Bitumen = amorphous substance:
• asphaltenes = dispersed phase• polar resin (protective layer)
“Asphaltic cement” = binder
• mixture of aromatic oils
![Page 6: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Terminology: Asphalt
Asphalt partially crystalline mixture • Bitumen (polymer-modified)• Aggregate (rock)• Sand“Asphaltic Concrete”
![Page 7: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Polymer Modifications• Epoxy Asphalt• Polyurethane Asphalt• Polysulfide Asphalt• Polyester Asphalt• Phenolic Asphalt• Rubber Asphalt• Thermoplastic Asphalt
![Page 8: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Terminology: Asphalt Emulsions
Mixture produced in colloid mill:• Asphalt in water emulsion• Stabilized by anionic or cationic surfactantsUsed in subbase stabilization, cold patch compound, road oils
![Page 9: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Substrate Characteristics (2)Substrate Characteristics (2)1.Chemistry of Asphalt2. Physical Properties of Asphalt3. Asphalt Substrates4. Principles of Coating Technology
![Page 10: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Glass Transition Temperature Tg
Transition of amorphous Materialsfrom glass-like, hard-elasticto liquid, rubber-elastic
Based on freeze-thaw-cycle of Brown’s molecular movements
![Page 11: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Rheological Behavior of Bitumen
Temperature
Visc
osity
Newtonian Liquid
Ideal Behavior
Modified Bitumen
-25°C to -15°CTg
50°C to 70°CViscoelastic to Newtonian
ServiceRange
ProcessRange
![Page 12: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Rheological Nature of Asphalt
Newtonian fluidT > 70 °C
viscoelastic, thixotropic fluid- 10 °C < T < 50 °C
amorphous, glass-like materialT < - 20 °C
RheologyTemperatureT (in °C)
![Page 13: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Dilutent Evaporation
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1 day 1 week 1 month 4 month
% o
f Dilu
tent
Eva
pora
ted
Rapid CureMedium CureSlow Cure
![Page 14: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Substrate Characteristics (3)Substrate Characteristics (3)1. Chemistry of Asphalt2. Physical Properties of Asphalt3. Asphalt Substrates4. Principles of Coating Technology
![Page 15: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Asphalt Concrete Paving
Asphaltic Concrete (“Blacktop”):Mixture of polymer-modified asphalt(asphaltic cement), aggregate and sand• Penetration Grade (ASTM D 946)• Viscosity Grade (ASTM D 3381)
![Page 16: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Installation
• Surface Preparation(compaction of subbase, prime coat)
• Placement of asphalt concrete mixture (spreading at a minimumtemperature of 105 °C/225 °F)
• Rolling (Compaction)
![Page 17: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Field Quality ControlASTM F2157-02 - Standard Specificationfor Synthetic Surfaced Running Tracks
Section 5 -Test Methods and Requirementsfor Asphalt Base
5.1 Type and Compactiontwo layers: base and wearing course95% density (machine finished areas)90% density (hand packed areas)
5.2 Test Method ASTM D2950
![Page 18: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Field Quality Control (2)ASTM F2157-02 - Standard Specificationfor Synthetic Surfaced Running Tracks
Section 5 -Test Methods and Requirementsfor Asphalt Base
5.3 Evenness3-m straight edge depression not to exceed
6 mm (Class A & B)8 mm (Class C)
![Page 19: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Substrate Characteristics (4)Substrate Characteristics (4)1.Chemistry of Asphalt2. Physical Properties of Asphalt3. Asphalt Substrates4. Principles of Coating Technology
![Page 20: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Polyurethane (PUR) Coating
• 1-component (1K) moisture curedPUR Prepolymer + water
• 2-component (2K) chemical curedDiisocyanate (NCO) or PUR-Prepolymerreacting with Polyol-component
![Page 21: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
1K PUR: Advantages and Application Limitations
– curing profile greatly dependent onclimate conditions
moisture leveltemperature
– no thick film applications
+ no second component required
![Page 22: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
1K PUR Prepolymer (Binder)
3939Moisture-cured prepolymerBinding of rubber granulesPaved to 10 mm thicknessCure time of 24 hours
![Page 23: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Spurtan: Sandwich SystemTop layer poured-in place
EmbeddedEPDM granules
UV protection& durability
Paved in placePUR-bound rubber-base-mat
![Page 24: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
2K PUR: Advantages and Application Limitations
+ thin and thick-film applications+ curing profile independent of
moisture levels in environment
– mixing of A&B component at correct mixing ratio required
APT PU Mixing machine
![Page 25: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
APT 2K PUR MachineSpeed ControlVFD Pump A
Speed ControlVFD Pump B
Progressive Cavity Pump A Progressive Cavity Pump B
Mixing Tube
PUR A/B Output
from B-reservoirfrom A-reservoir
EMO-500Ratio Monitor
Flowmeter A Flowmeter B
![Page 26: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
2K PUR Coating
5050Chemical-cured coatingEmbedding of EPDMPot life 35 minutesCure time of 24 hours
![Page 27: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Rekortan: Full-pour SystemTop layer poured-in place Embedded
EPDM granules
Automated Installation of2K PUR Coating
Multi-LayerMiddle:Shock Absorbingmicro-foam PURQualipur 5050SABottom:Leveling layer
![Page 28: APT Asphalt Substrate](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051012/545dcbb3b0af9fec168b4803/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
ReferencesReferences[1] Usmani, A.M.; Asphalt Science and Technology. 1st
ed.;New York, NY: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1997[2] HEWLETT, P. (Editor): Lea’s Chemistry of Cement and
Concrete, 4th ed., Burlington, MA: Elsevier, 2004[3] ASTM F2157-02: Standard Specification for Synthetic
Surfaced Running Tracks, West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International 2002
[4] ASTM D946-99: Standard Specification for Penetration-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in Pavement Construction, West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, 1999
[5] ASTM D3381-99: Standard Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in Pavement Construction, West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, 1999