approaches methods & techniques ---pol science

7/30/2019 Approaches Methods & Techniques ---Pol Science

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BBA


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Pol Science is a research oriented science with aPURPOSE to POSE & SOLVE new political problems

Ask & Answer new political QUESTIONS

A particular problem needs qualification to be

relevant to Political Inquiry. Criteria for Suchqualification is called as Approach.

After determining the Approach the problem istreated in a Particular Way that is called METHOD

The required tools for management of the methods

are TECHNIQUES


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The criterion or perspective adopted byPolitical Scientist- A way or A Route

Broadly there are two Approaches

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Traditional2. Behavioural


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Traditional approaches are derived from sociology,anthropology, economics, law, geography,psychology

Historical Approach Aristotle Early Age Ibne Khaldun- Middle Age Machiavelli- Modern Age

The origin and development of the state isdescribed political system or cabinet are productof history

Shortcoming with this approacho Unavailability of recordso Historical events cannot be replicated


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Geographical Approach

Impact of geography-Social Cultural Economic &Political

Climate, Soil & Natural Resources influence allaspects of social and political life

HEARTLAND THEORY- Sir Alfred Machinderh

Who rules the East Europe Commands the Heartland.

Who rules the heartland commands the world islands.Who rules the world islands commands the world.

This influence of geography over politics is known asgeo-politics.


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Philosophical ApproachConcentration on Ideas, Values to achieve theconcept of an ideal state and perfect society

Political thought of early times-middles ages and

modern times. Legal Approach

Study of Legal and constitutional institutions ofstate-we study LAW, Law making process, lammaking history and how it runs a state.

We study International Law-how-why-when

Legal approach neglects culture, religion, tradition.


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Most important variable in terms ofpolitical discourses

Wealth and Poverty decides thecourse of action of a State

Karl Marx identified the phenomena

of clash between HAVEs & HAVENOTs


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Use of quantitative methods in the study ofPolitical Science

Analytical study of psychology helps us topredict the course of action of a politicalinstitution led by a political being

Leaders psychology matters in this regard


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Study of society and individual bothseparately and in combination.

Study of social, political institutions refers toInstitutional Approach


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Based scientific objectivity- free frompersonal Bias- verify conclusion

Behaviouralism-Positivism:

Application of Scientific tools and techniques tothe study of International politics and politicalScience

It is the quantitative measure of behaviour or

activities of Individuals in political life


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The gaps left by behavioral approach arefilled by integrative approach.

It is the combination of traditional andScientific approach to remove the anomaliesleft by traditional approach or vice versa.

Its holistic interpretation of Data andverifiable propositions


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The study of politics revolved around theconcept of sovereignty- in modern times itthe central concept is Power.

power is not absolute it observe certaindefined patterns or laws or principles

A constitution is framed for the governanceof power by a government.

Power is ambiguous conceptcan be politecan be violent.


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Analytical Approach Study of political System

System-subsystem-associate system-largersystem) ENVIRONMENT(input-output-feedback.

Equillibrium


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Way of data collection, analysis and reachingto certain conclusions

1. Speculative-deductive Method

2. Logical- Analytical-Inductive Deductive

3. Disciplinary

4. Practical-emprical-observational

5. Statistical

6. Scientific.

approaches methods & techniques ---pol science

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