APPROACHES, METHODS, PROCEDURES AND TECHNIQUES

Teacher:Silviana Maricela Madrid González Student:Carmen Judith Bazurto Palma

TEACHING PRACTICUM I

APPROACH

• It is doing something in a specific manner supporting in the theory of language and language teaching nature or both. It is important to answer these following sentences to know the approach:

▫ What is the nature of education? ▫ What is the role of teachers, students, administration

and parents?

Example: A natural approach is using the English in the classroom to make students express themselves in the target language.

METHOD

It is a complete process to follow up which helps us to reach a determine goal or aim by using different types of activities as procedures and techniques.

The Traditional Methods

AUDIOLINGU

AL

It is based on Psychology as human behavior (shaped by habits) called a behaviorist using the Stimulus-Response-Reinforcement model which considers thinking are not important in the learning process. Teachers give model in order to use the language with repetition words, mechanical drill, phrases or dialogue as soon as they hear them and incorporate enthusiasm. It uses a spontaneous speech.

PRESENTATIO

N, PRACTCE

&

PRODUCTION

It is called PPP where teachers introduce themes (presentation) in order students to contextualize the target language. This method is similar to audio-lingual using repetitions and drills in determinate context (practice), but after students must create sentence, apply rules and using lexical items by their own “immediate creativity” (production).

PPP AND

ALTERNATIVE

TO PPP

It is a response for weakness of PPP with a better strategies to obtain a meaningful knowledge; also motivate student to make a production in a short time. This allows teacher to have a feedback to reinforcement the presentation and practice.

• ARC these initials mean Authentic use (communicative activities), Restricted use (controlled the use of the target language) and Clarification use (make corrections and explain).• OHE / III these initials mean Observe the language in a real context by reading or listening then learners create Hypothesizes how to use the language and Experiment by using the language• ESA for Engage, Study and Activate. This type of learning first motivate students to prepare to acquire knowledge before do any kind of activities, after learners start doing different activities in class and teachers encourage them to use the language what they know.

COMMUNICATIVE

LANGUAGE TEACHING

It is also named as Communicative Approach. The purpose is making students are able to communicate as a need to assume another language, because they are sharing learning experience to construct a community in a dynamic and creative way. Communicative speech has two aspects: functions (request, refutations, and complaint, so on...) and notions functions (rate of recurrence, quantity and other). It helps learners to read and writing faster with grammar explanation; also it is an eclecticism method by using different principles as GT, ALM and TPR

TASK BASED LANGUAGE LEARNING

It is based on different task to be done by students in order to develop the knowledge and design different instructional task which is the basic of learning and involve interactive communication.This method is using different activities their difficulty depend on levels.

The Contemporary Methods

Humanistic Teaching• It is based on affective thoughts where students are motivated to

express themselves through their experiences and feelings as:

Total physical response By James Asher

• It is based on the natural acquisition; because students understand first the new language after producing it through imperatives and commands from teachers.• When Students can perform commands they are going to be able to give instructions. It is very useful for beginner levels.

Suggestopaedia

• Teachers want students to have a nice environment to learn. “Infantilisation” is a good relationship between teachers and students to avoid barriers in learning.

• It has three parts: Oral review section for discussion, presentation and Discussion of new dialogue material.

• It is vital How teachers treat students in the learning process.

PROCEDURE

• It is a sequence of techniques which allow teachers to plan activities in order to obtain a meaningful learning.

Example: Grammar Translation Method (Classical Method)

▫ Activity one: Translate from one language to another in order to understand the new vocabulary items.

▫ Activity two: Reading in the target language development of practice with speaking.

▫ Activity three: Identify part in a picture after reading each sentence in order to acquire knowledge of vocabulary and graphics help to memorize.

TECHNIQUE• It is applying any activity that allows

practicing or acquiring knowledge in the learning process.

• It helps teachers to plan according students’ needs and content to develop learners´ comprehension.

Example: Direct Method Technique

• Paragraph writing about a description of the school.

Conclusion

The speech production derives from speech comprehension, because learners always are able to understand first than speak. Besides the basis of language is used words with a significant contexts in order to produce language meaningfully (lexicon).

Bibliography

•http://www.glogster.com/danaala/dani-y-suggestopedia/g-6mcjcsv87mmqskmc1t8vka0?old_view=True

•www2.warwick.ac.uk