approach to draft state land use (planning) policy -...
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Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project
Disclaimer
The information contained in this document is based on facts, assumptions and representations stated
herein. Our assessment and opinions are based on facts and circumstances provided/collected during our
meetings with officials related to project and research from sources in public domain, which are held to be
reliable. If any of these facts, assumptions or representations is not entirely complete or accurate, the
conclusions drawn therein could undergo material change and the incompleteness or inaccuracy could cause
us to change our opinions. The assertions and conclusions are based on the information available at the
time of writing this report and author’s opinion towards assertion or conclusion is liable to change if new
or updated information is made available. However, this shall not construe that the author is responsible
to rework any such assertion or conclusion if new or updated information is made available.
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Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project
Acknowledgement
GIZ gratefully acknowledges the individuals and organisations that have contributed their time, energy and
views towards formulation of the Approach to Draft State Land User (Planning) Policy - Baseline.
In particular, the guidance and contributions provided by Mr CS Chandrashekhar, Principal Secretary,
Revenue and Disaster Management, Mr G Mathi Vathanan, Secretary, Housing and Urban Development,
and Mr Sangram K. Mohapatra, Joint Secretary, Revenue and Disaster Management, Mr Subhendra Mishra,
Chief Planner and Director, Directorate of Town Planning for shaping contents of the report were
tremendous.
We would also like to acknowledge the support received from the Secretaries and other Department
Officials from the state departments for Forest and Environment, Industries, MSME Department, Housing
and Urban Development (H&UD), Rural Development, Panchayati Raj, Public Works Department, Water
Resources Department, and Directorate of Town Planning.
We would also like to thank Mr Patnaik, H&UD who arranged and coordinated all meetings through the
Ganjam region and state for gathering information on the current planning processes. The support received
from Additional District Magistrate Ganjam, who helped us understand most recent planning processes
and sectoral initiatives that has been incorporated in convergence of sectoral plans and policies at a district
or regional level.
Special appreciation goes to Mr Dinesh Singh, Secretary, Department of Land Resources and Mrs Veena
Ish, Additional Secretary, Department of Land Resources, for trusting and guiding us through the process.
In particular we would like to mention the constant interactions, brainstorming and guidance as provided
by Mrs Sudha Keshari, Economic Advisor, DoLR, Mr Vipin Kumar Bansal, DIGF, DoLR, Mr Niraj
Kumar, Director, DoLR, Mr GL Gupta, Deputy Director, DoLR and their team for sparing time for
numerous meeting and discussions with GIZ team and keeping us on our toes with regular reviews.
Last but not the least I would like to thank GIZ team.
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project
Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 IMPORTANCE/SIGNIFICANCE OF LAND USE PLANNING ...................................................................... 1 1.2 LAND AND CONSTITUTION OF INDIA ................................................................................................. 2 1.3 SPATIAL GOVERNANCE ..................................................................................................................... 3
1.3.1 Public Policy and Land Use ................................................................................................................ 4 1.3.2 Working Groups and Consultations ...................................................................................................... 6
2 DEPARTMENT ROLES/MANDATE ................................................................................................. 8
3 LAND USE CATEGORISATION....................................................................................................... 29
3.1 FORESTS ........................................................................................................................................ 29 3.1.1 Forest Cover ................................................................................................................................. 29 3.1.2 Protected Areas.............................................................................................................................. 30 3.1.3 Major Concerns in Management of Protected Areas ................................................................................. 32 3.1.4 Regulations/Laws relating to Protected Areas ........................................................................................ 32
3.2 GRASSLANDS, GRAZING LANDS/PASTURES ...................................................................................... 34 3.2.1 Grassland Classification................................................................................................................... 34 3.2.2 Grassland Categorisation ................................................................................................................. 35 3.2.3 Challenges Faced by Grasslands, Grazing Lands and Pastures .................................................................. 38 3.2.4 Issues in Grassland Protection ........................................................................................................... 40
3.3 WATER BODIES .............................................................................................................................. 40 3.3.1 Challenges of Water Sector ................................................................................................................ 41 3.3.2 Watershed Management and Land Use Planning ................................................................................... 42 3.3.3 Water Bodies as a Land Use ............................................................................................................ 42
3.4 AGRICULTURE ................................................................................................................................ 45 3.4.1 Agriculture Land Use Classification ................................................................................................... 46 3.4.2 Total Cultivated Area ..................................................................................................................... 47 3.4.3 Total Agricultural / Cultivable / Culturable Area ................................................................................ 47 3.4.4 Agro-Climatic Zones ....................................................................................................................... 48
3.5 INDUSTRIES .................................................................................................................................... 49 3.5.1 Industrial Units ............................................................................................................................. 49 3.5.2 Industrial Areas ............................................................................................................................ 55
3.6 MINES ............................................................................................................................................ 58 3.6.1 UNFC on Fossil Energy, Mineral Reserves and Resources 2009. .............................................................. 58 3.6.2 Mine Extraction Technology ............................................................................................................. 61
3.7 INFRASTRUCTURE ........................................................................................................................... 63 3.7.1 Roads.......................................................................................................................................... 63 3.7.2 Airports ...................................................................................................................................... 64 3.7.3 Ports ........................................................................................................................................... 64 3.7.4 Inland Waterways .......................................................................................................................... 65 3.7.5 Railways ...................................................................................................................................... 65 3.7.6 Other Logistics .............................................................................................................................. 65 3.7.7 Power .......................................................................................................................................... 66
3.8 SETTLEMENTS ................................................................................................................................ 67 3.8.1 Settlement: Land Use Components...................................................................................................... 67 3.8.2 Residential.................................................................................................................................... 68 3.8.3 Commercial................................................................................................................................... 68
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project
3.8.4 Mix of Residential and Commercial .................................................................................................... 68 3.8.5 Industries ..................................................................................................................................... 69 3.8.6 Recreational .................................................................................................................................. 69 3.8.7 Public and Semi Public .................................................................................................................... 69 3.8.8 Public Utilities and Facilities ............................................................................................................ 71 3.8.9 Others/Miscellaneous ...................................................................................................................... 71
3.9 WASTELAND .................................................................................................................................. 72 3.9.1 Gullied/Ravine Land ..................................................................................................................... 72 3.9.2 Land with Scrub ............................................................................................................................ 72 3.9.3 Water Logged Marshy Land ............................................................................................................. 73 3.9.4 Land Affected by Salinity/Alkalinity ................................................................................................. 73 3.9.5 Shifting Cultivation ........................................................................................................................ 73 3.9.6 Underutilised/Degraded Land........................................................................................................... 73 3.9.7 Sands (Dessert/Coastal/Riverine) ...................................................................................................... 74 3.9.8 Mining/Industrial Wasteland ........................................................................................................... 74 3.9.9 Barren/Rocky Area ....................................................................................................................... 75 3.9.10 Snow Covered/Glacial Areas ........................................................................................................ 75
4 LAND USE STATISTICS .................................................................................................................... 76
4.1 LAND UTILISATION PATTERN OF ODISHA ........................................................................................ 76 4.2 LAND UTILISATION RELATED TO AGRICULTURE .............................................................................. 80
4.2.1 Land under Micro Irrigation ............................................................................................................. 81 4.3 LIVESTOCK IN ODISHA ................................................................................................................... 81 4.4 FORESTS IN ODISHA ....................................................................................................................... 83
4.4.1 Forest Cover Within and Outside Recorded Forest Area .......................................................................... 83 4.4.2 Forest Conservation Efforts ............................................................................................................... 84 4.4.3 Protected Area Network in Odisha ..................................................................................................... 85 4.4.4 Tiger Reserves in Odisha .................................................................................................................. 85 4.4.5 Elephant Reserves in Odisha ............................................................................................................. 86 4.4.6 Important Bird Areas of Odisha ........................................................................................................ 86
4.5 WET LANDS ................................................................................................................................... 87 4.6 WATER RESOURCES IN ODISHA ....................................................................................................... 88
4.6.1 Surface Water Resources of Odisha ..................................................................................................... 89 4.6.2 River basins of Odisha ..................................................................................................................... 89 4.6.3 Ground Water Resources of Odisha .................................................................................................... 92 4.6.4 Irrigation...................................................................................................................................... 93
4.7 WASTE LANDS ................................................................................................................................ 94
5 SECTORAL POLICIES – KEY FEATURES ...................................................................................... 95
5.1 AGRICULTURE AND ALLIED ............................................................................................................ 95 5.2 SETTLEMENTS .............................................................................................................................. 109 5.3 FISHERIES .................................................................................................................................... 114 5.4 WATERBODIES ............................................................................................................................. 117 5.5 INDUSTRIES AND MINES................................................................................................................ 119 5.6 INFRASTRUCTURE ......................................................................................................................... 134 5.7 FORESTS ...................................................................................................................................... 141 5.8 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION .......................................................................................................... 144 5.9 TOURISM ...................................................................................................................................... 145 5.10 LAND ACQUISITION AND ALLOCATION PROCESS............................................................................ 150
6 DEPARTMENT VS LAND USE THEME MATRIX ...................................................................... 155
6.1 KEY FUNCTIONS .......................................................................................................................... 155 6.1.1 Acquisition ................................................................................................................................. 155
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project
6.1.2 Dependency ................................................................................................................................. 155 6.1.3 Develop ..................................................................................................................................... 155 6.1.4 Disaster Management .................................................................................................................... 155 6.1.5 Execute Schemes .......................................................................................................................... 156 6.1.6 Impacted .................................................................................................................................... 156 6.1.7 Influence .................................................................................................................................... 156 6.1.8 Influenced ................................................................................................................................... 156 6.1.9 Invest ........................................................................................................................................ 156 6.1.10 Maintain ............................................................................................................................... 157 6.1.11 Maintain Statistics ................................................................................................................... 157 6.1.12 Monitor and Approve Interventions............................................................................................... 157 6.1.13 Negative Influence .................................................................................................................... 157 6.1.14 Plan ..................................................................................................................................... 158 6.1.15 Promote ................................................................................................................................. 158 6.1.16 Provide Technical Support .......................................................................................................... 158
6.2 FORESTS AND PROTECTED AREAS ................................................................................................. 158 6.3 GRASSLANDS, GRAZING LAND AND PASTURES ............................................................................... 159 6.4 WATERBODIES ............................................................................................................................. 160 6.5 AGRICULTURE .............................................................................................................................. 162 6.6 INDUSTRIES .................................................................................................................................. 163 6.7 MINES .......................................................................................................................................... 165 6.8 TOURISM ...................................................................................................................................... 166 6.9 INFRASTRUCTURE ......................................................................................................................... 168 6.10 SETTLEMENTS .............................................................................................................................. 171 6.11 WASTELANDS ............................................................................................................................... 172
7 APPROACH TO POLICY FORMULATION - WORKING GROUP AND THEMES ................... 175
7.1 WORKING GROUP ........................................................................................................................ 176 7.1.1 Working Group Representatives ....................................................................................................... 176
7.2 GIZ SUPPORT ............................................................................................................................... 176 7.3 PANEL OF ACADEMIC EXPERTS ..................................................................................................... 177 7.4 THEMES AND SUB-THEMES: KEY STAKEHOLDERS AND INVITEES .................................................... 178
7.4.1 Theme: Environment ..................................................................................................................... 178 7.4.2 Theme: Economy .......................................................................................................................... 180 7.4.3 Theme: Society ............................................................................................................................. 184 7.4.4 Waste lands ................................................................................................................................ 186
8 PROPOSED STRUCTURE OF STATE LAND USE (PLANNING) POLICY ............................... 188
ANNEXURE 1 ................................................................................................................................................I
ANNEXURE 2 .......................................................................................................................................... XVII
List of Tables
TABLE 1: MANDATE OF DEPARTMENT .............................................................................................................. 10 TABLE 2: LAND USE OF ODISHA ....................................................................................................................... 77 TABLE 3: TREND IN LAND USE PATTERN OF ODISHA (2003 – 2014) ................................................................... 78 TABLE 4: TREND IN CROPPING PATTERN OF ODISHA (2009 – 2016) ................................................................... 80 TABLE 5: LIVESTOCK IN ODISHA ...................................................................................................................... 81 TABLE 6: FOREST COVER WITHIN AND OUTSIDE RECORDED FOREST AREA....................................................... 83 TABLE 7: FOREST COVER IN DIFFERENT PATCH SIZE CLASSES ........................................................................... 84
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project
TABLE 8: PROTECTED AREA NETWORK IN ODISHA ........................................................................................... 85 TABLE 9: IMPORTANT BIRD AREAS IN ODISHA .................................................................................................. 86 TABLE 10: WETLANDS IN ODISHA .................................................................................................................... 88 TABLE 11: ODISHA RIVER SYSTEMS AND DRAINAGE AREA ................................................................................ 89 TABLE 12: ODISHA GROUND WATER RESOURCES AND SECTORAL UTILISATION ................................................. 92 TABLE 13: ODISHA IRRIGATION POTENTIAL CREATED AND UTILISED ............................................................... 93 TABLE 14: WASTE LAND IN ODISHA ................................................................................................................. 94 TABLE 15 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR FORESTS AND PROTECTED AREAS .................. 158 TABLE 16 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR GRASSLANDS, GRAZING LAND AND PASTURES 159 TABLE 17 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR WATERBODIES .............................................. 161 TABLE 18 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR AGRICULTURE ............................................... 162 TABLE 19 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR INDUSTRIES ................................................... 163 TABLE 20 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR MINES ........................................................... 166 TABLE 21 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR TOURISM ....................................................... 166 TABLE 22 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR INFRASTRUCTURE .......................................... 168 TABLE 23 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR SETTLEMENTS ............................................... 171 TABLE 24 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR WASTELANDS ................................................ 172
List of Figures
FIGURE 1: HOW LAND IS BEING USED ................................................................................................................. 4 FIGURE 2: WORKING GROUP ............................................................................................................................. 6 FIGURE 3: FOREST COVER OF ODISHA .............................................................................................................. 83 FIGURE 4: RIVER BASINS OF ODISHA ................................................................................................................ 90 FIGURE 5: LAND ACQUISITION AND ALLOCATION PROCESS............................................................................. 151 FIGURE 6: WORKING GROUP AND THEMES .................................................................................................... 175
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Land use planning and management is a complex word that can be constructed in following simple steps:
1. Land: Land is the base for everything, that dry surface of earth, where most of the human activities
happen
2. Land Use: Generally reference to any and all possible activities that are associated with land,
irrespective of ownership, whether natural or manmade, urban or rural, on the surface – in the air
– or underground, in the public or private domain, etc.
3. Land Use Planning: The process of describing, reporting, mapping a baseline of all uses, potentials
and weakness of various land uses so as to gain spatial and temporal intelligence; followed by using
the same to balance, overview, envision all possible evolutions and thereby increase the possibility
of gaining a spatial order that reduces conflicts, respects environment, secures investments and
creates social harmony.
4. Land Use Planning and Management: The practice of all necessary actions, possible coordination
mechanisms, and creation of binding frameworks for ensuring a balanced spatial order as envisaged
in a land use plan.
The patterns of human use of land effect a wide variety of outcomes – ranging from the day-to-day quality
of human life, ecological sustainability including climate change adaptation and mitigation and impact on
other forms of life, economic and social balance between urban and rural communities, to food security
etc.
India has over 17 per cent of world's population but only 2.4 per cent of world’s geographical area. Due to
its growing population, the per capita availability of land in India has reduced from 0.91 ha in 1951 to 0.27
ha in 2011. The situation of Odisha is even more constrained with the state representing more than 3.47
per cent of India’s population in less than 4.74 per cent of its area, of which only about 8 per cent of land
is available for all uses other than agriculture, forests and utilisable wasteland.
With increase in population and possibility of shrinking land mass due to increased coastal erosion and
floods due to climate change, the per capita availability of land is expected to reduce further.
Migration to urban areas and non-farm employment has become priority for economic development.
Government of Odisha is increasingly focusing on developing economic/industrial corridors and
improving urban areas for habitation purposes. Such developments are being promoted in partnerships
with the community, national and international private sector, bilateral and multilateral agencies, as well as
central government through various schemes like Smart Cities, AMRUT, HRIDAY, PMAY – urban, major
and minor port projects, NIMS, Logistics Parks, SEZs, IT Parks etc. and other planning socio-enviro-
economic planning approaches. At the same time, the government is focussing on improving rural
economies and rural infrastructure with schemes like integrated watershed management, PMGSY, PMKSY,
Rurban and developing other rural and agri-infrastructure on hub and spoke models and network concepts.
Judicious use of land resources has become foremost significant in all sustainable and developmental
purposes. Experience with disasters over the past decade has necessitated the Government of Odisha to
enhance use of spatial land use planning as a tool for guided development as compared to ad-hoc allocation
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of land for various development projects. It is expected that this would lead to better consideration of
socio-enviro-economic aspects leading to sustainability.
It is important to note the following points were some of the highlights in a recent study by the Organisation
for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).
Land use planning decisions are directly linked to approximately one third of all man made carbon
dioxide emissions since 1850.
Land and buildings on it constitute for about 86 per cent of the total capital in OECD countries.
Land use planning decisions are directly linked to rising wealth inequalities as small changes in
valuations result in major consequences on distribution of wealth.
Land and land use has a strong sentimental value as people are attached to land, have a sense of
belonging and it is closely linked to cultural aspects.
World over, Integrated Spatial Land Use Planning is known to result in accrued benefits leading to
sustainable development that finds the right balance between economic aspects (agriculture, mining,
industries and commerce etc.), social aspects (urban as well as rural settlements, equity of distribution etc.)
as well as the environmental aspects (natural resource management, disaster prevention and mitigation,
forest, climate change etc.).
Land is a finite resource. There are competing and often conflicting demands for land for economic and
social needs in the development sector, it is imperative that effective land use systems be put in place to
ensure sustainability and ecological balance.
According to the constitution of India, land is a State Subject as per Entries No. 18 and No. 45 in List II,
State List. The power to enact laws concerning land vests with the State Legislatures. However, some entries
in List I, Union List and in List III, Concurrent List of the Seventh Schedule of Constitution of India
provide necessary leeway to National Government for interventions in terms of projects in the form of
strategic, economic, social, environmental corridors and zones of national importance passing across
multiple states. Sometimes, these interventions are direct, but in the spirit of the constitution these are often
incentive linked.
Some of the relevant entries in List I, Union List of the Seventh Schedule of Constitution of India are
mentioned below:
22. Railways
23. National Highways
24. Shipping and navigation on inland national waterways
25. Maritime shipping and navigation
27. Major Ports including their delimitation
32. Property of the Union
53. Oilfields and mineral oil resources
54. Mines and mineral development
56. Interstate rivers and river valleys
67. Ancient and historical monuments and records, and archaeological sites and remains of national
importance
81. Interstate migration
87. Estate duty in respect of property other than agricultural land
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Some of the relevant entries in List III, Concurrent List of the Seventh Schedule of Constitution of India
include:
6. Transfer of property other than agricultural land
17A. Forests
20. Economic and Social Planning
36. Factories
41. Custody, management and disposal of property (including agricultural land) declared by law to be
evacuee property
42. Acquisition and requisitioning of property
45. Inquiries and statistics for the purposes of any of the matters specified in List II or List III.
World over, spatial governance is observed in terms of following hierarchy and functions:
1. Policy Guidelines
a. Policy guidelines play the role of steering process
b. They do not have a direct spatial dimension
c. Policy guidelines are generally not map based and tend to have no spatial references (replaced
with generic references like ‘in areas of high biodiversity’)
d. The policy guidelines may not be legally binding
e. These are prepared predominantly at national and/or subnational Level (states)
2. Strategic Plans
a. Strategic plans tend to address challenges and policy responses without capturing all details
b. The strategic plans try to align different sectoral plans together, and may include infrastructure
as well as industrial corridors, economic potential, urbanisation potential etc.
c. The strategic plans are generally map based but do not tend to have clear plot level boundary
delineations
d. Illustrative use of symbols is common in case of strategic plans
e. Strategic plans allow sufficient flexibility to subsequent processes (i.e. zoning/boundary
plans), hence they may not be legally binding
f. The strategic plans are predominantly prepared at regional level (metropolitan area, district,
cluster of districts etc.)
3. Local Plans
a. Local plans are prepared to specify the intended as well as permitted land use on a particular
land parcel
b. These plans are predominantly map based with varying level of details of boundary delineation
depending on the scale and geographical coverage (lesser detailing at city/rurban cluster level
master plans, whereas greater detailing in a detailed development/neighbourhood plan for a
small area, ward or village)
c. These plan generally legally binding and guide building approvals based on provisions as
mentioned in the plans.
d. These plans are predominantly prepared at city, rural-urban cluster, and village as well as ward
level.
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Public policy primarily uses spatial and land use plans and environmental and building code regulations to
affect land use. These instruments function by restricting usage of land, but cannot influence how
individuals and businesses would like to use land. In most cases, they do not offer efficient, community and
market driven land use patterns to emerge.
Many other policies and schemes – not directly related to land use planning systems, create incentives to
use land in certain specific ways. However, it is not necessary that such policies correspond to the objectives
of land use planning systems. In many cases, the planning systems simply fail to achieve their objectives
due to overwhelming pressures from contradicting land developments promoted by other policies.
Hence, it is important that the policy on land use planning is formulated considering a multi-sectoral
approach with inputs from all sectoral policies and departments.
Figure 1: How land is being used
It is believed that a good public policy on land use planning would:
Link tax policy incentives to land use policies
Link subnational/state level fiscal systems, schemes, projects that directly impact efficiency of land use
policies
Integrate demographic and economic trends with due consideration to the fact that all settlements are
interdependent
Integrate all sectors and levels of government so as to promote convergence and overcome sectoral
silos
Strengthen the concept of regional considerations in planning approaches
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Create institutional and/or coordination mechanisms based on strengths of the state and governance
system prevalent in the territory
It can be said that
‘A good Land Use Planning Policy would be a spatial governance tool that balances considerations to all
sectors at all levels of governance’
Formulation of such a policy necessitates that relevant information is made available to guide decision
making and policy formulation. This includes:
1.3.1.1 Department Roles/Mandate
The state of Odisha has over 24 departments looking into various aspects of governance and multiple
sectors. Some of these departments tend to look after same sector but different aspects. Further each of
these departments has multiple divisions, schemes, autonomous institutes, PSUs and boards etc. Hence it
is extremely important to understand the roles, scope, mandate, functions and activities undertaken by each
of these departments.
1.3.1.2 Land Use Categorisation
The Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India has for long been maintaining land use statistics under
a nine fold classification, five of which are related to agriculture, one for forests, grazing & pasture lands,
one for wasteland and one for all other non-agricultural land uses. Further, under multiple schemes of
development as well as NIUS GIS platform, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (Erstwhile Ministry
of Urban Development) has recommended multiple land uses based on scales of planning for urban land
use planning purposes.
Further complications arise when we note that the definition of forests, eco-sensitive zones, wastelands,
waterbodies, wetlands etc. are not standard across different departments/ministries. Also, waterbodies,
industries, infrastructure, grasslands, etc. do not find a separate mention in terms of land use are region
level.
In view of above, it is considered extremely important that a comprehensive but standardised set of land
use categories is considered for representation at state/regional level, which can be conveniently broken
into sub-categories depending on scale of planning.
1.3.1.3 Land Use Statistics
Various departments maintain information on existing land use statistics for their own planning purposes.
It is important to understand how these statistics look together at various levels of governance. Such a
collation of land use statistics and envisaged/proposed plans is expected to give an interesting insight into
the land use scenario for the state as well as the challenges ahead.
1.3.1.4 Sectoral Policies – Key Features
The presence of the complex governance systems with multiple sectoral departments means that each of
these departments is in charge of various development measures. It is highly likely that the departments
have specific policies or other forms of guiding documents for planning interventions. Some of these
policies/guiding documents are expected to directly have an impact on land use, whereas some of them
would result in planning processes that affect eventual land use (indirect impact on land use). As most of
the departments have such policies in force and decisions are made abiding by these documents, it is
important to understand and consider them during the formulation of the land use planning policy for the
state. It is estimated that there are over 200 different policies, strategies, visions, schemes that influence the
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land use directly. Of these, it is estimated that over 40 are directly related or impacting land use at local
level. Though these schemes and policies are often planned at state wide or nationwide levels, their impact
is directly felt on ground at the local level guiding the land utilisation.
1.3.1.5 Department vs Land Use Matrix
The presence of a complex governance system with multiple sectoral departments and the complex
substructure of each indicates that different departments have different mandates, functions and powers as
far as land use and utilisation is concerned. Whereas some department may have powers and functions
covering financial, planning, influencing land use outcomes, other departments may only be affected by
decisions of other departments. Furthermore, the powers and functions vested with a department or the
lack thereof, may or may not be restricted to a certain category of land use. Hence, it is important to evaluate
the roles of various department’s vis-a-vis. each category of land use.
Formulation of such a policy would require close interaction of various sectoral departments and experts.
For the purpose of formulation of the land use (planning) policy and related guiding documents, formation
of a multi-sectoral working group (involving multiple state sectoral departments) is envisaged. As part of
the structure, an academic expert panel is also proposed for guiding and vetting the Land Use Planning
Policy and other supporting/guiding documents. The structure of such an arrangement is indicated in the
figure below:
Figure 2: Working Group
It is envisaged that the consultation with relevant stakeholders and departments would be undertaken under
following themes (and their sub themes):
Environment (forests and protected areas, grasslands/grazing lands/pastures, and waterbodies)
Economy (agriculture, industries, mines, tourism, and infrastructure)
Society (settlements – urban & rural, disaster prone areas, and socially vulnerable)
Wastelands
In addition to above consultation are also envisaged for the following:
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Strategic Projects/Developments (defence, internal security and others)
Institutional, Coordination and Implementation Mechanisms
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The state of Odisha has about 40 departments looking into various aspects of governance and multiple
sectors. Some of these departments tend to look after same sector but different aspects. Following is a list
of major departments in Odisha:
Agriculture & Farmers' Empowerment Department
Commerce & Transport Department
Cooperation Department
Culture Department
Electronics & Information Technology Department
Energy Department
Excise Department
Finance Department
Fisheries & Animal Resources Development Department
Food Supplies & Consumer Welfare Department
Forest & Environment Department
General Administration & Public Grievance Department
Handlooms, Textiles & Handicrafts Department
Health & Family Welfare Department
Higher Education Department
Home Department
Housing & Urban Development Department
Industries Department
Information & Public Relations Department
Labour & Employees' State Insurance Department
Law Department
Micro, Small & Medium Enterprise Department
Panchayati Raj & Drinking Water Department
Parliamentary Affairs Department
Planning & Convergence Department
Public Enterprises Department
Public Grievances & Pension Admin Department
Revenue & Disaster Management Department
Rural Development Department
School & Mass Education Department
Science & Technology Department
Skill Development & Technical Education Department
Social Security & Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities Department
Sports & Youth Services Department
ST & SC Development, Minorities & Backward Classes Welfare Department
Steel & Mines Department
Tourism Department
Water Resources Department
Women & Child Development & Mission Shakti Department
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Works Department
Each of these departments has multiple divisions, units, attached offices, institutes, PSUs, statutory bodies
and boards. It is estimated that there are over 200 such subdivisions, units, attached offices etc. in these 40
departments as listed above. A detailed list of the same as derived based on desk research and details as
available on the internet is shared in Annexure 1. Though comprehensive, the list may not be complete and
is open to additions.
Each of these departments also has multiple commissions, committees, schemes, programmes and missions
of its own or are part of a national government initiative. Further, some of these commissions, schemes,
programmes etc. are housed within a specified subdivision, unit, attached office etc. whereas some have a
cross department, cross division representation and involvement. It is estimated that there are about 300
different schemes, policies, programmes, missions and/or committees in these 40 departments as listed
above. A detailed list of the same as derived based on desk research and details as available on the internet
is shared in Annexure 1. Though comprehensive, the list is not complete and is open to additions.
It is understood that all of the 40 departments, or their 200 subdivisions or the 300 odd schemes,
programmes, policies etc. may not be directly or indirectly related to land use planning and management.
However, decisions of one department may impact the function/success of a particular project, scheme,
policy etc. of another department. Hence, it is important to understand the roles, scope, mandate, functions
and activities undertaken by each of these departments.
Excerpts from an assessment of roles, functions, vision, mandates and activities of 16 select departments
and about 50 divisions is provided below in Table 1. The details provided are comprehensive but may not
be complete.
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Agriculture &
Farmers'
Empowerment
Department
Directorate of Soil
Conservation &
Watershed
Development
Mission
Conservation of natural resources (soil, water and vegetation) for sustained development
and continuing economic progress/improved way of life of people
Combat destructive agricultural practices of shifting cultivation (Jhum)
Preserve, maintain and improve balance in ecology and environment
Maximum utilisation and conservation of soil, water and vegetation in the catchment
areas by making judicious use of land according to its capabilities
Enhancement of agricultural productivity and production in a sustainable manner.
Restoration of ecological balance in the degraded and fragile rain fed ecosystems by
greening these areas through appropriate mix of trees, shrubs and grasses.
Reduction in regional disparity between irrigated and rain fed areas.
Creation of sustained employment opportunities for the rural community including the
landless.
Soil & land capability survey
In situ moisture conservation
Tree plantation including plantation of cashew, coffee, sisal
Development of pasture land
Soil conservation demonstration centre
Testing and amelioration of soil
Soil conservation measures such as contour bunding, nala bunding
Gully control structure, water harvesting structure, stream bank erosion control, farm
ponds, silt retention dams, bench racing, stone terracing
Maintenance of existing coconut, pineapple, spices and others farms developed by the
Soil Conservation Organisation
http://www.soilconservatio
norissa.gov.in/Function.htm
http://www.soilconservatio
norissa.gov.in/Objectives.ht
m
http://www.soilconservatio
norissa.gov.in/Activities.htm
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Commerce &
Transport
Department
Directorate of Rail
Coordination
Coordinate between the State Government and the Ministry of Railways, Government
of India
Leading policy shifts for the economic and developmental needs of the State.
http://ct.odisha.gov.in/railw
ay/2/19
The Dhamra Port
Company Limited
(DPCL)
Build and operate a deep draught, all weather, multi user port at Dhamra in Bhadrak
district on BOOST (Build, Own, Operate, Share and Transfer) basis
Work with International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) for able guidance
and assistance in implementation of environmental standards and designing mitigation
measures for potential hazards during construction and operation of the Port
Stimulate infrastructure growth of state, especially, developing the area into an
economically bustling zone
Develop the port area with top class residential, water & power supply facilities
Enrich people's life in the area/periphery
http://www.dhamraport.co
m/profile.php
http://www.dhamraport.co
m/environment.php
http://www.dhamraport.co
m/csr.php
Energy Orissa Hydro Power
Corporation Limited
(OHPC)
Develop water resources in the State and elsewhere in the Country while augmenting
hydro power generating capacity by setting up new hydro power projects
Establish and operate thermal power plants through joint ventures and also explore
opportunities to develop renewable energy resources vis. small hydro, wind, solar
Develop & operate coal mines allocated jointly in favour of OHPC and other public
sector undertakings by the Ministry of Coal, Government of India
Renovate and modernise existing hydro power plant to improve efficiency and supply
reliable and quality power to the state in a cost effective manner
Develop renewable sources of energy available in the state
Develop thermal power by itself or in joint venture for long term energy security of the
state
http://ohpcltd.com/Home/
Vision
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Odisha Power
Generation
Corporation Limited
(OPGC)
Setup thermal power plants (two existing with a capacity of 210 MW each) in the Ib
valley area of Jharsuguda District in the State of Odisha (Ib Thermal power Station) at
a cost of INR 11350 million
Utilise location advantage of power plants considering close proximity to coal mines as
well as Hirakud reservoir
Maintain distinct advantage of low cost of raw material leading to low cost generation
Undertake construction of seven mini hydel stations having a total capacity of 5075 kW
as a technological demonstration
http://www.opgc.co.in/abt/
a1.asp
Fisheries &
Animal
Resources
Development
Orissa Pisciculture
Development
Corporation Ltd.
(OPDC)
Ensure production & supply of quality fish seed to fish farmers and fishing nets to
fisherman of the state at reasonable price to promote commercial growth of fish seed
units & expansion of existing fish seed hatchery projects & fish net manufacturing unit
Promote new mega fish seed hatchery projects commensurate with demand of fish seed
http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RI
LzMzLzIwOC8xOQ
Forest &
Environment
Odisha Forest
Development
Corporation Ltd
(OFDC)
Encourage and establish industries based on forest products
Plant, grow, cultivate, propagate, produce and raise plantations of all kinds of varieties
of forest plants, trees grasses, bamboos, canes, medicinal plants and crops
Train personnel for advanced management of forest, flora and fauna through
establishment of appropriate institutions and training centres
Trade salvage timber/firewood
Trade processed and phal kendu leaves
Collect and trade salseed directly or through Raw Material Procurer (RMP)
Regulate distribution of firewood, long bamboo and other small timbers to local people
Monitor bamboo operation directly or through RMP
Trade cashew nut and rubber harvested through plantation
Collect, process and trade honey and few Non-Timber Forest Product (NTFP) items
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Wildlife and
Environment Wing
Facilitate forestry extension activities
Promote of participatory forest management
Center For
Environmental
Studies
Promote environmental awareness in the State
Training programme, building database etc.
Regional Resource Agency (RRA) for the National Environment Awareness Campaign
(NEAC) and State Nodal Agency for the National Green Corps (NGC)
Environmental Information System (ENVIS) Centre
http://www.cesorissa.org/a
bout.asp
City Forest
Division(s)
Prevent illegal felling & illegal transit of timber and other forest produces
Undertake afforestation activities in forest, non-forest & private wastelands with active
participation of local people
Beautify cities and places of interest to promote eco-friendly tourism
Promote research on conservation, protection and propagation of medicinal plants
Create & maintain recreational garden cum learning centres
Scientific management of forests and wildlife
Enrichment of micro-environment for healthy city life through sustainable urban
forestry
Odisha Bamboo
Development
Agency
Promote growth of bamboo sector through area based regionally differentiated strategy
Increase area coverage under bamboo in potential areas, with suitable species to enhance
yields
Bamboo Resource Regeneration (Nurseries and Plantation)
Organise trainings and workshops
Skill up gradation of artisans
Common Facility Center (CFC)
Establish convergence and synergy among stakeholders of development of bamboo
http://www.odishabamboo.
org/obda.php
http://www.odishabamboo.
org/obdafunction.php
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Promote, develop and disseminate technologies through a seamless blend of traditional
wisdom and modern scientific knowledge
Generate employment opportunities for skilled and unskilled persons, especially
unemployed youths
Promotion of bamboo based industries and technology with support of NMBA
Marketing support and market linkage for bamboo based products
Chilika
Development
Authority
Restoration and sustainable management of the lagoon and its drainage basin based on
sound scientific principle through participatory process. Promote conservation; wise
use; and fair & equitable sharing of benefits amongst stakeholder community
Protect the lake ecosystem with all its genetic diversity
Execute various multidimensional developmental activities either itself or through some
other agency to enhance economic condition of the community
Survey, plan and prepare the project proposal for integrated resource management for
all-round development in and around the lake
Cooperate and collaborate with other states, national and international institutions for
all-round development of the lake
Establish management information system for the lake
Promote long term multidisciplinary research, prepare environment status report and
establish education centre for the lake.
Housing &
Urban
Development
Public Health
Engineering
Organisation
(PHEO)
Inspection & monitoring of water supply & sewerage system of all urban local bodies
and census towns of Odisha
Responsible for providing safe drinking water to all ULBs across the state
Execute water supply projects in all ULBs of Odisha
Plan, implement & maintain urban water supply schemes
http://pheoodisha.gov.in/p
ortal-about-us/1
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Undertake field investigation, survey, data collection, preparation, execution &
maintenance of w/s schemes
Take care of operation & maintenance of sewerage system
Execute & maintain all water supply infrastructure in different ULBs as per the
provisions envisaged in the annual budget
Collect water & sewerage charges (user charges) from consumers
Odisha Water
Supply & Sewerage
Board (OWSSB)
Water supply, sewerage and sanitation to all state government agencies and local bodies,
and on request to private institution or individuals
Prepare draft state plans for water supply, sewerage and drainage
Assess material requirement and arrange procurement/utilisation
Annual review of technical, financial, economic and other aspects of water supply and
sewerage in the state
Review and appraise technical, financial, economic and other pertinent aspects of every
water supply and sewerage scheme in the state
Execute, operate, run and maintain any water works and sewerage system
Assess human resource requirement and training in water supply and sewerage services
Undertake applied research in water supply and sewerage services
http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RI
LzEzLzE3NS8xOQ
Development
Authorities
Undertake planned and systematic development of areas in its jurisdiction
Prepare development plans including zonal development plans
Undertake works pertaining to construction of housing colonies, shopping centres,
markets, industrial estates and provide public amenities
Regulate development and use of land including private land and undertake schemes for
improvement and clearance of slums and redevelopment programmes
The Orissa Development
Authorities Act, 1982
Housing & Urban
Development Department
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Directorate of
Town Planning
(DTP)
Plan development, improvement and expansion of towns in Odisha for securing their
present and future inhabitants and ensure healthy living
Prepare master plans and approve on behalf of Special Planning Authorities
Prepare project reports for IDSMT and monitoring of other national/state schemes
Technical guidance to government as well as planning authorities with respect to
regulation of plan proposals
http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RI
LzEzLzE3MC8xOQ
Industries
Department
Industrial
Promotion and
Investment
Corporation of
Odisha Limited
(IPICOL)
State Level Nodal Agency for all investment promotion and industrial facilitation
activities in Odisha
Investment Promotion Agency (IPA) to function as an effective one stop shop for
investors
Technical secretariat for integration of state services concerning industries with the eBIZ
portal of Government of India to eliminate physical interface in according various
project approvals/clearances
https://en.wikipedia.org/wi
ki/Industrial_Promotion_%
26_Investment_Corporation
_of_Odisha
http://www.odisha.gov.in/i
ndustries/
The Odisha
Industrial
Infrastructure
Development
Corporation
(IDCO)
Nodal agency for providing industrial infrastructure in Odisha
Establish industrial areas/estates and growth centres at strategic locations and provide
required infrastructure
Provide land to large projects which cannot come up in industrial estate and areas.
Arrange to obtain/acquire land for all such projects at desirable location
http://218.248.11.68/indust
ries/PDF/intro_idco.pdf?ln
k=12&PL=10&SL=1
http://www.idco.in/2009/o
rganisationtest.aspx?content
=profile
Panchayati Raj &
Drinking Water
Panchayati Raj
Institutions (PRIs)
Eradicate poverty, uplift standard of living of people in the rural areas, and bring about
a healthy society by creating awareness for hygiene, sanitation and eradication of
illiteracy
Promote, develop, govern and capacitate institutions of self –government
Prepare plans for economic development, social justice and implementation of schemes
for economic development and social justice
http://www.odishapanchaya
t.gov.in/English/departmen
t.asp
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Ensure basic services including:
o Primary health and education
o Safe drinking water and sanitation
o Street lighting
o Environment protection
o Common property resources (CPR) management
Planning &
Convergence
Western Odisha
Development
Council (WODC)
Upgrade levels of development and remove regional imbalances in development
Upgrade relative levels of development in different sectors in relation to each district
within the council area
Assess impact of various development programmes in removing regional imbalances
Prepare appropriate long-term and short term-plans and programmes for removal of
development imbalances between different districts within the council area
Suggest long-term measures for addressing regional imbalances and ensure optimal
utilisation of available resources, keeping in view the potentialities of different districts
within the council area
Formulate plans and programmes for equitable arrangements in providing adequate
facilities for technical, educational and vocational training for the purpose of creating
sufficient opportunity for employment in services under the control of the government
within the council area
Prepare and execute projects relating to development and advancement of council area
Supervise and review different developmental projects undertaken by different agencies
including that of the government within the council area
Review, supervise, coordinate and monitor different government projects of in the
council area including issuance of administrative approval of proposal and selection of
executants of projects by the council
The Western Orissa
Development Council Act,
2000. Sec 11 (1).
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Directorate of
Economics &
Statistics
Date collection through regular sample surveys, ad-hoc surveys, pilot studies and
censuses on various subjects
Undertake research & analytical studies on various socio-economic, financial and
developmental aspects in the state & rational evaluation of progress achieved in these
sectors
In-service training to statistical personnel working in different government and semi-
government organisations of the state as a step towards human resource development
http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RI
LzE2LzEwMDIvMTk
District Planning
Committee
Consolidate plans prepared by the panchayats and municipalities in the district and
prepare an integrated draft development plan for the district as a whole
Prepare the draft development plan with due regard to matters of common interest
between the panchayats and municipalities including spatial planning, sharing of water
and other physical and natural resources, the integrated development of infrastructure
and environmental conservation, the extent and type of available resources whether
financial or otherwise; and consult such institutions and organisations as the governor
may, by order, specify in that behalf
Recommend the development plan to the state government
Collate information from panchayats and municipalities in the district and inspect the
functioning thereof
Review implementation and municipalities to make such recommendation as deemed
appropriate
The Orissa District Planning
Committees Act, 1998.
Section 5.
State Planning
Board (SPB)
Suggest comprehensive measures to strengthen the planning process and institutional
arrangements both at the state level and district level with an objective to make it more
professional and people oriented and for decentralization of power to the district level
http://www.odisha.gov.in/p
c/Download/ANNUAL_A
CTIVITIES_REPORT_201
5-2016.pdf
Land acquisition
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Revenue &
Disaster
Management
Land governance: solve people’s problems related to land
Provide land to land less
Protect government land
Disaster response, management, rehabilitation and restoration works
Registration and stamp duty in transfer of property
Distribution of wasteland for agriculture/homestead purposes
Distribution of surplus land
Prohibition of tribal land alienation
Execution of state Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy for displaced persons
Digital India Land Record Modernisation Programme
Board of Revenue Superintend administrative work of revenue divisional commissioners
Recommend propositions that to augment or improve the state revenues
Superintend and regulate revenue collection from all revenue paying and revenue - free
lands or estates under relevant laws
Superintend and regulate all measures of land reforms
Land Records and
Surveys
Survey and mapping of land
Preparation of a record of rights
Settlement of rents payable by tenants
Settlement of land revenue
Inspector General
of Registration
Issue of instructions/orders for implementation of provisions of Indian Stamp
Act/Indian Registration Act to provide better service facilities to general public as well
as protect government interest
Registration of societies under S.R. Act, 1860
Registrar of Firms under I.P. Act, 1032
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Land Reforms
Commissioner
Distribution of ceiling surplus lands among the land less persons
Safeguarding the interest of S.T. community
Monitor disposal of Bebandobasta cases under OEA Act by competent authority
Monitor disposal of cases under OLR Act by competent authority and restore land to
original ST persons
Conversion of agriculture land for non-agriculture purposes and collection of premium
Special Relief
Organisation
Preparedness to meet contingencies arising out of calamities and arrange relief measures
Supervise and provide funds for rescue and relief operations
Monitor repair/restoration and rehabilitation work of damaged properties and
habitation
Undertake long-term measures by coordinating activities of different departments in
order to minimise the impact of natural calamities and human causalities
Constantly monitor the daily rainfall recording of 30 districts throughout the year
Monitor hunger and starvation in any part of the state due to food scarcity on account
of any severe natural disaster
Odisha State
Disaster
Management
Authority
(OSDMA)
Undertake relief, restoration, and reconstruction activities and measures for socio-
economic revival for mitigating the damages caused or to be caused due to any disaster
Undertake programmes and schemes to prevent occurrence of any disaster or minimise
the damaging effect due to any disaster
Undertake specific studies to identify programmes and schemes to be taken up, evaluate
various measures taken and suggest suitable action
http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RI
LzMvNTQvMTk
Skill
Development &
Technical
Education
Directorate of
Employment
Primary objective of the employment organisation is to bridge the gap between the
employers and job-seekers
http://etetodisha.gov.in/dir
ectorate-of-employment.php
State Employment
Mission
Conducting various skill development training programmes
Modular employable skills (MES) at 139 centres
http://etetodisha.gov.in/stat
e-employment-mission.php
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
State Council for
technical
educational &
vocational training
Dissemination of employment related information and assistance to job –seekers
Recruitment in defence and para military services
Setting up of students’ information bureaus and model career corners in schools and
colleges of the state
Function of vocational guidance units:
o Provide individual information & assist jobseekers in choosing careers
o Collection and compilation of occupational information with a view to disseminate
information to needy jobseekers, educational institutions, parents and teachers
o Provide career information, literatures, posters highlighting various job opportunities
and publishing career bulletins for the benefit of the jobseekers
o Organise career talks, career conferences, career exhibitions etc. in educational
institutions on different careers and self-employment ventures
http://etetodisha.gov.in/stat
e-council-for-technical-
educational-and-vocational-
training.php
ST & SC
Development,
Minorities &
Backward
Classes Welfare
Implement policies and schemes to ensure welfare of ST, SC, OBC and Minorities for:
o Raising socio- economic condition of the ST, SC, and OBC & minorities
o Reducing poverty
o Bringing to mainstream ST, SC, OBC & Minorities, and enabling them to participate
in the development process in an equitable manner
o Developing critical infrastructure in Scheduled Areas
o Increasing their access to education, health, housing and other services
o Creating/increasing opportunities through self-employment/wage employment
o Securing their rights over forests and lands
Improving access to education through establishment of educational institutions &
construction of hostels for ST & SC boys & girls in the State
Special employment exchange for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes
Pre-examination coaching and training
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Pre-recruitment training for entry into armed and para military forces
Provision of legal aid to scheduled castes and scheduled tribes persons
Monetary relief to the victims of atrocities belonging to scheduled castes and scheduled
tribes as compensation
Scheduled Castes &
Scheduled Tribes
Research & Training
Institute
Monographic/ethnographic studies for documentation of culture, customs, traditions,
material culture, art and craft, traditional medicine, culture change and modernisation of
the STs and SCs and development studies of agriculture, environment, education,
women, health and nutrition
Diagnostic and problem oriented studies relating to STs and SCs such as, land alienation,
socio-economic bondage and exploitation, indebtedness, low literacy, ill health, mal-
nutrition, low fertility and infant mortality; social inequality, untouchability, ethnic
discrimination, involuntary resettlement and development, status of women and
subordination, economic backwardness, poverty, impact of industrialisation and
urbanization, rural-urban migration, problems of unemployment, shifting cultivation,
deforestation etc.
Determination of ethnic status of different communities claiming their inclusion in the
scheduled list
Benchmark/baseline surveys covering the Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) Areas to build up the
data base for planning, implementation and post-facto evaluation of various
development projects and programmes for STs and SCs
Survey, identification and formulation of action plans/project reports for
o Micro-projects for the development primitive tribal groups (PTGS)
o Integrated tribal development agencies (ITDAS) for development of STs and SCs in
the tribal sub plan areas
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
o Modified area development approach (MADA) and cluster pockets for development
of dispersed tribal population
o Other special projects and programmes for STs and SCs
Techno-economic surveys involving experts from various line departments for
preparation of action plans for development of selected PTGs
Action plans/project proposals for development and rehabilitation of vulnerable
groups, artisans, craftsmen, lower occupational groups among the STs and SCs
Tribes Advisory
Council (TAC)
Ensure welfare and advancement of Scheduled Tribes in the state through meetings &
consultation advices
http://www.stscodisha.gov.i
n/Boards.asp?GL=abt&PL
=7
Steel & Mines Directorate of
Mines
Mineral development and administration for both major and minor minerals
Process mineral concession applications for the grant in respect of major minerals and
mining lease for decorative stones in respect of minor minerals under provisions of
M&M (D&R) Act. 1957 and MC Rules 1960 and OMMC Rules 2004
Grant prospecting license for decorative stones under OMMC Rules.2004
Prevent illegal mining and unauthorised trading of minerals under OM (PTS&OUA)
Act, 1989 and Rules. 1990
Analyse ore/mineral samples for purpose of determining their quality for assessment of
revenue
Collect tax from mineral bearing land for purpose of infrastructure and socio-economic
development under the provisions of Odisha Infrastructure and Socio Economic
Development Act.2004 and Rules. 2005
Collect mining revenue from major and minor minerals in the state
Regulate and control of mineral traffic in the state
http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RI
LzI0LzgxNjkvMTk
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Optimise exploitation of mineral resources available in the state with due regard to
conservation of mineral and its surrounding environment
Promote mineral based industries in the state by facilitating grant of Mineral concessions
Augment generation of mining revenue
Adoption of state of art-techniques and equipment for chemical analysis of ore/minerals
Induct computerised data base management technique, establishing an effective mineral
information system and e-governance
Stop illegal mining and smuggling of minerals and to plug the linkage of revenue
Expeditious disposal of applications for mineral concessions
Recommend grant of mineral concessions to the captive users on priority
Coordinate with departments of forest and environment, revenue and industries
Timely initiate proposals for ores and minerals, analysis weighment and other charges
Prevent leakage of mineral revenue by strengthening the enforcement measures
Maintain vigil on qualitative and quantitative assessment of ores and minerals produced
and dispatches from the mining lease
Modernise government laboratories
Directorate of Steel Focus on Iron Ore based Industries located in Odisha
Coordinate with steel industries in Odisha and assist in addressing issues relating to such
investments, in coordination with IPICOL
Monitor implementation of MoUs signed steel industries for expediting investments
Interact with existing steel units to identify issues and challenges relating to optimal
capacity utilisation
Maintain database on investments, production, and employment etc. of iron ore base
industries in Odisha
Monitor availability of assured supply of raw material to the steel industries
http://www.orissaminerals.g
ov.in/website/InvSteel.aspx
?GL=sip&PL=1
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Directorate of
Geology
Scientific exploration and assessment of mineral resources in the state to cater to needs
of mineral based industries and augment revenue from mineral resources
Convene Annual State Geological Programming Board meeting to review the mission
of mineral exploration and assessment of mineral resources and exploration activities
carried out by the directorate and other exploration agencies engaged in the State
Discuss, finalise and approve the future course of action related to different exploration
agencies for execution and avoid duplication of work
Undertake investigation programmes through the headquarters/six zonal
establishments
Prepare technical reports after exploration programmes
http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RI
LzI0LzgxMzYvMTk=
Odisha Mining
Corporation Limited
(OMC)
Sustain productivity through safe practices and strict quality control
Ensure efficient, cost-effective and eco-friendly mining without compromising on safety
& pollution control norms
Address people related issues with special emphasis on project impacted community by
consistent support through peripheral development and CSR activities
http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RI
LzI0LzIxMjE1LzE5
Tourism Preserve, enrich and promote Odisha’s unique cultural heritage, natural resources and
environment with a view to achieve sustainable development
Promote sustainable tourism as means of economic & inclusive growth, social equity &
integration
Prioritise development and promotion of prime tourism products, conservation of
heritage, natural environment, etc.
Address regulatory & tourism promotion/development challenges and issues in PPP
mode at all levels, in an effective & well-coordinated manner
Brand and promote Odisha as one stop destination to experience cultural heritage, eco-
tourism and rich wilderness so as to boost foreign & domestic tourist arrival in the State.
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Odisha Tourism
Development
Corporation Ltd.
One stop travel solution for tourism in Odisha
Develop, finance, operate, maintain a chain of tourist bungalows called Panthanivas
Procure, finance, operate, maintain a transport fleet for tourism purposes
Act as a logistics service provider from tourism point of view
Odisha Ecotourism
Development Board
(OEDB)
Odisha Forest Development Corporation Limited (OFDC Ltd.) appointed in charge of
all ecotourism activities in the state
One stop shop including entry permits
Develop, finance, operate, maintain a chain of tourist facilities in forest areas
Nodal agency for regulating eco-tourism in state
Develop necessary systems and standards
Dispute resolution with management of protected areas, wildlife and biodiversity taking
precedence over tourism
Odisha Forest Sector
Ecotourism Policy (not yet
approved)
Water Resources Odisha Lift
Irrigation
Corporation Ltd.
Install new lift irrigation projects availing funds from government and different agencies
and to create irrigation potential in the state and handing over the same to Pani (water)
Panchayats for operation and maintenance
Technical assistance and other essential guidance to Pani (water) Panchayats
Utilise surface water and ground water potential available for accelerating agricultural
growth by Pani (water) Panchayats in the state
http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RI
LzIwLzE0MC8xOQ
Major & Medium
Irrigation Wing
Formulate state water plan & state water policy
Implement, operate and maintain major & medium irrigation projects
Involve farmers in irrigation system operation & maintenance activities relating to major
and medium irrigation projects
Address interstate matters relating to rivers common to neighbouring States
Flood control and drainage works
Industrial water supply & collection of industrial water rate
http://www.dowrorissa.gov.
in/AboutDoWR/AboutDo
WR.pdf
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Minor Irrigation
Wing
Implement of minor irrigation projects (flow) above CCA 40 ha and their operation and
maintenance
Pani (water) panchayat (participatory irrigation management) works of minor (flow)
irrigation projects
http://www.dowrorissa.gov.
in/AboutDoWR/AboutDo
WR.pdf
Ground Water
Development
Also known as
GWS&I
Undertake survey & investigation, field study, collect and collate hydro geological data
pertaining to ground water resources of Odisha, for use of policy/decision makers
working in water sector and provide solutions to the department of water resources in
various aspects of ground water resources availability, assessment, development and
management
http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RI
LzIwLzI1NjkvMTk
Water and Land
Management
Institute (WALMI)
Multidisciplinary training to newly recruited and in-service engineers and other officers
on irrigation engineering and agriculture
Capacity building of bearers and farmers of Pani (water) Panchayats and other farmers’
organisations of Orissa for participatory irrigation management
Act, adopt and apply research pertaining to irrigation project commands on land, water
and crop management including on station field experiments on water management in
different crops
Promote optimization of water use and land resources
Study and experiment with organisational and procedural changes for effective
management of irrigated agriculture
Provide consultancy services, and undertake awareness generation activities relating to
water management and land development
Link and collaborate with similar institutions within and outside Odisha for training and
research
http://walmiodisha.com/ob
jective.php
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Table 1: Mandate of Department
Department
Divisions,
institutes,
committees etc.
Role/function of sub department/ institute Source
Water Resources
Board
Highest forum to ensure interdepartmental coordination
Undertake water planning and development processes
Formulate state water policy
Undertake integrated planning of water resources
Allocate water resources to various water use sectors
Prioritise water resources development, environment management plan, etc.
http://www.dowrorissa.gov.
in/WaterResources/WaterR
esourcesOverview.pdf
Works
Department
Design Planning
and Investigation &
Roads Wing
Prepare Annual Budget for various schemes
Improve and maintain SH's, MDR's and ODR's for a length of approximately 15000 km
Implement centrally funded schemes for Left Wing Extremism affected districts,
Vijaywada – Ranchi Corridor and Interstate Connectivity
http://www.worksodisha.go
v.in/aboutus.html
http://www.worksodisha.go
v.in/dpir.html
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The agriculture department and the Directorate of Economics and Statistics have been maintaining land
use statistics with a predominant focus on agriculture as a land use. These statistics have been maintained
for long under a nine fold classification as prescribed by Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India.
Five of these nine categories are related to agriculture, one for forests, grazing & pasture lands, one for
wasteland and one for all other non-agricultural land uses.
Also, under multiple schemes of development as well as NIUS GIS platform, the Ministry of Housing and
Urban Affairs (Erstwhile Ministry of Urban Development) has recommended multiple land uses based on
scales of planning for urban land use planning purposes.
Complications may arise in regional planning as the definition (boundaries) of forests, eco-sensitive zones,
wastelands, waterbodies, wetlands etc. may not be same when land use categories and sub-categories and
statistics are considered across different departments/ministries. Also, waterbodies, industries,
infrastructure, grasslands, etc. do not find a separate mention in terms of land use at region level.
In view of above, it is considered important that a comprehensive but standardised set of land use categories
is considered for representation at state/regional level, which can be conveniently broken into sub-
categories depending on scale of planning.
The land use categories and subcategories have been explored in detail under following major heads:
Forests
Grasslands, grazing lands/pastures
Water Bodies
Agriculture
Industries
Mines
Infrastructure
Settlements
These are discussed in detail in the following sections.
In common parlance forests in India tends to refer to two aspects:
Forest Cover
Protected Areas
The Forest Survey of India brings out a biennial India State of Forest Report. The report for 2015, defines
the term ‘Forest Cover’ as all those lands more than one hectare in area with a tree canopy of more than 10
per cent irrespective of land use, ownership and legal status. It may include orchards, bamboo, palm etc.
However, at the same time ‘Recorded Forest Areas’ (or simply ‘Forest Area’) are defined as all those
geographic areas recorded as ‘Forests’ in government records. Recorded Forest areas largely consist of
Reserved Forests (RF) and Protected Forests (PF), which have been constituted under the provisions of
the Indian Forest Act 1927. Besides reserved forests and protected forests, the recorded forest area may
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also include all such areas that have been recorded as forests in revenue records or have been constituted
so under any state or local law.
It is important to note that according to ISFR definitions, the recorded forest areas may even have blanks
and areas with tree densities less than ten percent. These may include degraded lands, wetlands, rivers,
riverbeds, creeks in mangroves, snow covered areas, glaciers, alpine pastures, cold desserts, grasslands etc.
However, as per the definition of forest cover, such areas are excluded from assessment of forest cover.
Further, there are areas outside the recorded forest areas which satisfy the definition of forest cover, for
example plantations on private lands, community lands, road side, railways, and canals, rubber, tea and
coffee plantations etc. Such areas are also included in the forest cover assessment.
It is important to note the a detailed assessment of forest cover in recorded forest area is not possible for
all states in India as only limited states have geo-coded boundaries of the same. Tamil Nadu is one such
state that has geo-coded boundaries of the recorded forest area and hence an assessment in terms of forest
cover within recorded forest area can be undertaken.
It would be important to undertake the above mentioned assessment to determine the state of forests and
land use in Tamil Nadu. This would support the decision support system of the state in determining, forest
lands that can be diverted to plantation works as well as other than plantation works leading to various
types of asset creation. It would also assist in assessing the compensatory afforestation land that needs to
be planned for.
The forest cover is classified underfollowing categorises according to the India State of Forest Report 2015
3.1.1.1 Very Dense Forest
All land with tree cover (including mangrove cover) with canopy density of 70 per cent or above.
3.1.1.2 Moderately Dense Forest
All land with tree cover (including mangrove cover) with canopy density ranging from 40 per cent to 70
per cent.
3.1.1.3 Open Forest
All land with tree cover (including mangrove cover) with canopy density ranging from 10 per cent to 40
per cent.
3.1.1.4 Scrub
All forest lands/degraded forest lands with poor tree growth mainly of small or stunted trees having canopy
density of less than 10 per cent.
3.1.1.5 Non-Forest
Lands not included in any of the above classes.
India is one of the 17 mega diverse countries of the world in terms of bio-diversity. With only 2.4 per cent
of the world’s land area, 16.7 per cent of the world’s human population and 18 per cent livestock, India
contributes about 8 per cent of the known global biodiversity, thereby, putting enormous demands on our
natural resources.
India’s conservation planning is based on philosophy of identifying and protecting representative wild
habitats across all ecosystems. Indian Constitution entails the subject of forests and wildlife in the
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Concurrent list. The Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change acts as a guiding torch dealing
with policies and planning on wildlife conservation, while the State Forest Departments are vested with the
responsibility of implementation of national policies and plans.
As ecosystems and living creatures do not recognise human political borders, India has adopted the concept
of Transboundary Protected Areas for coordinated conservation of ecological units and corridors. There
are 4 categories of the Protected Areas vis, National Parks, Sanctuaries, Conservation Reserves and
Community Reserves.
3.1.2.1 National Parks
An area having adequate ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, natural or zoological significance. The
National Park is declared for the purpose of protecting, propagating or developing wildlife or its
environment, like that of a Sanctuary. The difference between a Sanctuary and a National Park mainly lies
in the vesting of rights of people living inside. Unlike a Sanctuary, where certain rights can be allowed, in a
National Park, no rights are allowed. No grazing of any livestock shall also be permitted inside a National
Park while in a Sanctuary, the Chief Wildlife Warden may regulate, control or prohibit it. In addition, while
any removal or exploitation of wildlife or forest produce from a Sanctuary requires the recommendation of
the State Board for Wildlife, removal etc., from a National Park requires recommendation of the National
Board for Wildlife (including Standing Committee).
3.1.2.2 Wild Life Sanctuaries
An area which is of adequate ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, natural or zoological significance.
The Sanctuary is declared for the purpose of protecting, propagating or developing wildlife or its
environment. Certain rights of people living inside a Sanctuary could be permitted. Further, during the
settlement of claims, before finally notifying the Sanctuary, the Collector may, in consultation with the
Chief Wildlife Warden, allow the continuation of any right of any person in or over any land within the
limits of the Sanctuary (which are given in Chapter IV, WPA 1972).
3.1.2.3 Conservation Reserves
Conservation reserves are generally declared by the State Governments in any area owned by the
Government, particularly the areas adjacent to National Parks and Sanctuaries and those areas which link
one protected area to another. Such declaration should be made after having consultations with the local
communities. Conservation Reserves are declared for the purpose of protecting landscapes, seascapes, flora,
fauna and their habitat. The rights of people living inside a Conservation Reserve are not affected.
3.1.2.4 Community Reserves
Community reserves are generally declared by the State Governments in any captivate or community land,
not comprised within a National Park, Sanctuary or a Conservation Reserve, where an individual or
community has volunteered to conserve wildlife and its habitat. Community reserves are declared for the
purpose of protecting fauna, flora and traditional or cultural conservation values and practices. The rights
of people living inside a Community Reserve are not affected.
These may be further categorised into the following:
3.1.2.4.1 Community Forests
Growing trees in community land wherein government provides seeds, fertilisers etc. but community is
responsible for protecting trees.
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3.1.2.4.2 Extension Forests
Growing trees on the sides of roads, canals, railways, and wastelands (in urban as well as rural areas)
3.1.2.4.3 Farm Forests
Growing trees in one’s own farmland to meet domestic need (fuelwood, shade to crops, wind shelters, soil
conservation or use wasteland.
3.1.2.4.4 Private Forests
Protected areas inside India whose land rights are owned by an individual or corporation/organisation and
the resident flora and fauna are provided with dome kind of protection from exploitative activities like
shooting, logging etc.
3.1.2.4.5 Social Forests
Grow, manage and protect in barren and deforested lands with the purpose of helping environment, social
and rural/urban development by planting trees on unused and fallow land.
Conservation and management in India is currently facing a myriad of complex challenges that are both
ecological and social in nature. Issues such as habitat loss/fragmentation, overuse of biomass resources in
the context of biotic pressures, increasing human-wildlife conflicts, livelihood dependence on forests and
wildlife resources, poaching and illegal trade in wildlife parts and products, need for maintaining a broad
base of public support for wildlife conservation exemplify and characterise the contemporary wildlife
conservation scenario in India. The government and the civil society are taking several measures to address
these issues. Planned interventions to improve synergies and coordination amongst a wide array of
stakeholders are being undertaken to meet the challenges of conserving India’s diverse wilderness resources.
The protected areas are constituted and governed under the provisions of the Wild Life (Protection) Act,
1972, which has been amended from time to time, with the changing ground realities concerning wildlife
crime control and management of protected areas. Implementation of this Act is further complemented by
other Acts vis. Indian Forest Act, 1927, Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980, Environment (Protection) Act,
1986 and Biological Diversity Act, 2002 and the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers
(Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006. The Wildlife Crime Control Bureau of the Central Government
supplements the efforts of state governments in wildlife crime control through enforcement of CITES and
control of wildlife crimes having cross-border, interstate and international ramifications. In order to
strengthen and synergise global wildlife conservation efforts, India is a party to major international
conventions vis. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of wild fauna and flora
(CITES), International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), International Convention for the
Regulation of Whaling, UNESCO World Heritage Committee and Convention on Migratory Species
(CMS).
In this context, it is important to note that certain additional areas might be considered as eco-sensitive
areas wherein conservation efforts are more in terms of restrictions in terms of interventions of
development. Such areas may be part of an existing protected area or beyond its boundary thereof.
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3.1.4.1 Important Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Areas
106 coastal and marine sites have been identified in India and prioritised for ensuring that at least 10 per
cent of coastal and marine areas are conserved in networks of protected areas and ecosystems that provide
water, health and livelihoods and wellbeing are restored and safeguarded.
3.1.4.2 Marine Protected Areas
The Marine Protected Area Network in India is used as a tool to manage natural and marine resources for
biodiversity conservation and for the wellbeing of the people dependent on it. Protected areas that fall
entirely or partially within the swathe of 500m from the high tide line and the marine environment are
considered to be in the marine protected area network.
3.1.4.2.1 Coastal Regulation Zones
The coastal land up to 500 m from the Highest High Tide Line (HTL) and a stage of 100m along the banks
of creeks, estuaries, backwater and rivers subject to tidal fluctuations. A combination of prohibition and
regulation is practised in CRZs.
3.1.4.3 Natural World Heritage Sites
UNESCO approved list of natural areas in India.
3.1.4.4 Eco-Sensitive Zones around National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries
Areas outside the protected area network are often vital ecological corridor links and must be protected to
prevent isolation of fragments of biodiversity which will not survive in the long run, Land and water use
policies in such areas need to accept the imperative of strictly protecting ecologically fragile habitats and
regulating use elsewhere. All identified areas around protected areas and wildlife corridors are declared as
ecologically fragile under the EPA, 1986. Delineation of eco-sensitive zones is/would have to be site
specific and relate to regulation, rather than prohibition of specific activities. As a matter of general rule a
buffer of 10 km is considered as a default buffer.
3.1.4.5 Elephant Reserves
Notified protected areas for elephants, their habitat and corridors and to address human-animal conflict
Elephants, being long ranging animals, render the concept of Elephant Reserves (ER) much beyond the
boundaries of a protected area. Only about 27 per cent of the area of elephant reserves is legally protected
under the protected area network. Almost 30 per cent of the elephant reserves is outside the purview and
control of MoEF and State Forest Departments. In such a scenario, unlike Project Tiger, the conservation
of elephants requires better coordination and support of other ministries and a much higher financial
support.
3.1.4.6 Tiger Reserves
There are 47 tiger reserves in India at present amounting to about 2.08 per cent of the total geographical
area. Constituted on a core/buffer strategy, the core areas have legal status of a national park or a sanctuary,
whereas the buffer or peripheral areas are a mix of forest and non-forest land, managed as a multiple use
area.
3.1.4.7 Biosphere Reserves
Representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes extending over large area of terrestrial or
coastal/marine ecosystems or a combination thereof and representative examples of bio-geographic
zones/provinces. They have three inter-related zones vis. Core Zone, Buffer Zone and Transition Zone.
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3.1.4.8 Important Birding Areas
The important birding area programme of Birdlife International identifies, monitors and protects a global
network of Important Birding Areas (IBAs) for conservation of world's birds and associated biodiversity.
The IBAs serve as conservation areas for protection of birds at the global, regional or sub-regional level.
India has 467 IBAs and 96 potential IBAs, more than 40 per cent of IBAs are outside the protected area
network and thus an important tool for landscape level conservation planning and management.
3.1.4.9 RAMSAR Wetland Sites
The RAMSAR Convention is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable utilisation of
wetlands, recognizing the fundamental ecological functions as their economic, cultural, scientific and
recreational value. India is a signee to the convention.
Grasslands are highly dynamic ecosystems encompassing all natural and semi-natural pastures, woodlands,
scrub, and steppe formations dominated by grasses and grass like plants. Having closely co-evolved with
grazing ungulates, and played major role in the history of farming, grasslands not only provide vital
ecosystem services such as water and climate regulation in support of agriculture, biogeochemical cycling,
carbon storage, cultural and recreational services, but also form backbone of livelihoods for all pastoral
communities.
The grass cover in India is classified among following five broad types of grass cover found in India:
3.2.1.1 Sehima – Dichanthium
Grasslands which are spread over the Deccan Plateau, Chota Nagpur Plateau and Aravallis with an elevation
range of 300 - 1200m above mean sea level.
3.2.1.2 Dichantium - Cenchrus - Lasiurus
Grasslands which are spread over northern parts of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Aravalli ranges, south western Uttar
Pradesh, Delhi, and Punjab with an elevation range of 150 - 300m above mean sea level.
3.2.1.3 Phragmites - Saccharum - Imperata
Grasslands which are spread over Gangetic plains, Brahmaputra Valley and the plains of Punjab with an
elevation range of 300 - 500m above mean sea level.
3.2.1.4 Themeda - Arundinella
Grasslands which are spread over foothills and lower hills of Manipur, Assam, northern parts of West
Bengal, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir in the elevation range of 350 - 2000m
above mean sea level.
3.2.1.5 Temperate - Alpine
Grasslands which are spread across the Himalayan States and the temperate high altitude areas of Nagaland,
Manipur and Western Ghats above an altitude of 2000m above mean sea level.
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It may however be worthwhile to look into the following categorisation of grasslands from planning
perspectives.1
3.2.2.1 Coastal Grasslands
The Grassland vegetation that is unique to the coastal regions, mostly fund as gregarious single species. It
may be further categorised as follows:
3.2.2.1.1 Grasslands of Sea Beaches
Main Land Beaches: Found on seabeaches of tropical coasts, most important grass species (Spinifex
littoreus) which spreads along the sand dunes and beach sand over large areas.They are circumglobal in
nature and are found usually in pure patches on most of undisturbed beachesin equitorial Asia, Africa
and America.
Island Beaches: Sea shores of many islands are inhabited by a short grass communityThuarea
involucratawhich can be seen as patches of green carpets on the sea beaches especially in the Andaman
& Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep
3.2.2.1.2 Salt Marsh Grasslands
Grasslands dominated by Aleuropus lagopoides found in extensive patches on saline areas frequently
submerged by tidal waters of the seas. The Rann of Kutch is one of the major habitats of this community
and is found as pure gregarious population as well as associated with other herbaceous salt tolerant plants.
3.2.2.1.3 Mangrove Grasslands
Grassland communities found along the marshy intertidal zone of the coastal regions and usually found in
patches between adjacent mangrove forests or area close to sea beaches.The major grass found in this
community are Myriostachya wightiana, Zoysia matrella, Sporobolus viginicus, Halopyrum mucronatum, and Porteresia
coarctata usually as monospecific patches. They are also found in the field bunds of cultivation or prawn
hatcheries located near mangrove zones. The mangroves of Bhitakanika, Sunderbans, Pichavaram on the
east coast and Goa, Bombay, Calicut, Kadalundi, Payyanur and Quilon on the west coast are some of the
areas where these can be found.
3.2.2.2 Riverine Alluvial Grasslands
The riverine alluvium along the banks of major rivers is usually colonised by a primaritly successuibal tall
grassland community dominated by Saccharum spontaneus, (locally known as kans). This primary
successional community often gives way to riverine tree vegetation as one moves away from the flood
banks. Such grasslands are common along the Ganga and Brahmaputr rivers and also in several other rivers
in peninsular India like the Mahanadi, Godavari, Cauvery, Krishna, Narmada and Bharatapusha. The rivers
in Punjab also have such riverine alluvial grasslands. Such grasslands in Northern India are also dominated
by Saccharum Bengalense (Munj) which forms regular dense clumps. These grasslands are a visible treat during
flowering and are habitat to a variety of birds and mammals. Saccharum bengalense serves as an important
livelihood source for villagers by means of harvest of the culms for thatching and weaving baskets, chairs,
ropes and many other artifacts. Ecollogically they provide soil binding services thereby stabilizing and
preventing river beds and banks from erosion. The grasslands of Kaziranga National Park south of
Brahmaputra are also an example of riverine alluvial flood plain grasslands.
1 Grassland Vegetation of India: An Update, Manoj Chandran, Conservator of Forests, Land Survey Directorate,
Uttarakhand Forest Department, Ecology and Management of Grassland Habitats in India, Volume 17, ENVIS, Year 2015
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3.2.2.3 Montane Grasslands
The mountainous regions of India have different types of grassland communities based on their altitude,
slope, aspect and rock strata. They occur as multi-species herbaceous communities over large tracts of land
as well as intermixed with shrubs or as an outgrowth in open to moderately dense forest areas.
3.2.2.3.1 Himalayan Sub-tropical Grasslands
Found on the southern slopes of the Himalaya between an altitudinal range of 1000 to 1800m and are
usually founds on steeper slopes with shallow soils. Also found as lush undergrowth in pine forests during
rainy season. Highly vulnerable to forest fires during dry summer season, but being fire hardy, the new
shoots soon emerge from the undergrounds rootstock providing valuable fodder to the grazing wild
herbivores and the domestic livestock during the lean season. These grasslands are used by local
communities for fodder collection during winter after the seeds have fallen and stored for making hay for
future use.
3.2.2.3.2 Himalayan Temperate Grasslands
Found on the slopes of the Himalayas in an altitudinal range of 1800 to 3000 m and are usually found on
rocky slopes with shallow soils where there is sparse tree growth. The blades of some varieties of grasses
are used by locals for thatching purposes.
3.2.2.3.3 Alpine Meadows
Found above the tree line on the southern face of the Greater Himalaya above the altitude of 3000m and
upto 52000m. Known as Marg in Kashmir, Bugyal in Uttarakhand abd various other local names across the
mountain range. Being above the tree line, these grasslands extend over several kilometers and are usually
under snow for a large part of the year and thus form a climatic climax community. However, certain lower
sub-alpine areas also have similar grasslands fomring edaphic climax due to rocky-substrata unsuitable for
tree growth. The most dominant species found in Alpine Meadows is Danthonia cachemyriana, which provides
nitrogen rich fodder to grazing sheep, and other livestock as well as wild herbivores. They have a rich variety
of medicinal plants which are harvested by local communities to sustain their livelihoods. The Chhiple
Kedar alpine amedows in Pithoragarh district and Bedini Bugyal of Chamoli District of Uttarakhand are
among the most extensive and contiguous patches of alpine meadows found in the Himalaya, each of which
is 300 sq.km. in expanse.
3.2.2.3.4 Trans Himalayan Steppes
These Alpine Meadows are found in the northern face of the Great Himalayam, usually known as Trans-
Himalaya. These areas on account of their locations in the rain shadow region of Southwest Monsoons, are
arid and very cold due to proximity to Tibetan Plateau ad very high altitudes usually above 4000m above
mean sea level. These are found in Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir, Lahul, Spiti and Kinnaur districts of
Himachal Pradesh; Nilanng, Niti, Malla Hohar, Malla Darma and Lapthal areas of Uttarakhand, and Tso
Lhamu plateau of Sikkim. These grasslands are dominated by short grasses. These areas are often
interspersed with lakes and marsh meadows. The Trans-Himalayan grassland communities of India are
mostly extensions of Tibetan floral elements.
3.2.2.3.5 Grasslands of North East Hills
Found in sub trapical to temperate areas of the North Eastern Hill States south of River Brahmaputra. The
major grasslands include the Dzukou valley in Nagaland and Manipur, Ukhrul grasslands of Manipur,
Saramati grasslands of Nagaland, and the rolling downs of Shillong. There grasslands are charachterised by
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a mixture of floral elements of the Himalayan region, South East Asia and Peninsular India and hence form
a unique biodiversity rich area.
3.2.2.3.6 Grasslands of Central Highlands
Found in central Indian highlands vis. Vindhyas and Satpuras, these hill ranges are considered as corridors
between the Western Ghats and Himalayas for migration of species. These grasslands are found intermixed
with tropical dry deciduous forests on rocky patches among sparse to open tree growth and can be ideally
called montane or hill savannas.
3.2.2.3.7 Western Ghats
Found on the rocky hill slopes, high altitude rolling downs and rocky plateau tops of Western Ghats. They
can be further sub categorised as:
Plateaus of North Western Ghats: Found on the plateaus of Western Ghats in Karnataka, Goa and
Maharashtra with usually short grasses, ephemeral in nature, seems as a green flush during the
monsoons and thereafter drying up and the seeds dispersed waiting for the rainfall next monsoon. Such
grassland communities are common in Panchgani, Mahabaleshwar, Ratnagiri and Kaas plateau.
Shola Grasslands: These high altitude grasslands of the Western Ghats found above and altitude of
1800 m upto the highest peak of Anaimudi at 2695m above mean sea level are found between shola
forest patches that occur in the depressions created by watercourses flowing in these rolling downs.
The grasslands of Eravikulam National Park, Mukurti Sanctuary, Kodajadri, Bababudangiri,
Agastyamalai, Poochipara in Silent Valley National Park are all examples of shola grasslands. These
grasslands receive heavy rainfall throughout the year.
South Western Ghats: The slopes of south Western Ghats of Waynad and Idukki districts of Kerala
have more of forest grasses such as Spogiopogon rhizophor us, species of Gamotia, Zenkeria, Arundinella and
also vast stretches of Pennisetum pedicellatum and Pennisetum polystachyon . Many variety of species of grasses
found in abundance in Kabini in Nagarhole National Park, undergrowth in Bandipur, Nagerhole, and
Waynad wildlife sanctuaries and Silent Valley National Park are unique to these grasslands.
3.2.2.3.8 Eastern Ghats
The grasslands of Eastern Ghats are comparatively drier due to lesser rainfall and lower altitudes of about
700m above mean sea level. They are highly discontinuous and in small patches unlike Western Ghats. The
major grass communities are dominated by Arundeinella setosa in the higher altitudes and Aristida adscencionis,
Heteropogon contortus, Sporobolus, Themeda, Chrysopogon etc. in lower areas. The Shevroy hills of Yercaud, Javadi
hills and Malkanagiri represent such grassland communities.
3.2.2.3.9 Montane Bamboo Brakes
These grassland communities are dominated by gregarious dwarf monopodial bamboo species (1 to 5
metres tall), which gives the appearance of a normal grassland from a distance. They provide a suitable
habitat to a variety of pheasants and other birds and mammals. The young shoots are food to a variety of
animals including bears and rodents. The Arundinaria densiflora brakes of Western Ghats, Arundinaria hirsuta
brakes of Khasi hills, Arundinaraia rolloana brakes of Dzukou valley in Nagaland and Yushania anceps brakes
in the sub-alpine regions of Uttarakhand are some of the examples of montane bamboo brakes.
3.2.2.4 Sub-Himalayan Tall Grasslands of Terai Region
These hygrophilous grasslands are found along the length of Sub-Himalayan belt where slopes of the
foothills converge with the plains of the Gangetic basin. These regions are rich in artesian springs making
it ideal for tall grasses. The term Terai refers to this naturally irrigated belt of land and extends from Jammu
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till Arunachal Pradesh. The Terai grass lands are facing severe threat due to draining out of water for
irrigation purposes, land filling, development activities and rapid urbanisation. The Terai grasslands are
excellent habitat for the Great One horned Rhinoceros, which at present is limited to the flood plains of
Assam, West Bengal and a few introduced populations in Dudhwa National Park in Uttar Pradesh.
3.2.2.5 Tropical Savannas
Vast stretches of tall tropical grasslands interspersed with isolated or groups of trees, generally found in
Central and Western India
3.2.2.5.1 Desert Savannas
Found in the Great Indian Thar Desert, these Savannas are dominated by Lasiurus scindicus which is a good
soil binder and sand dune stabiliser. Trees of Prosopis cineraria are found as isolated individuals or small
groups. These grasslands are found in the Desert National Park and make a good habitat for the Great
Indian Bustard and other animals. The Asiatic Cheetah once used to inhabit these grasslands before it
became totally extinct.
3.2.2.5.2 Tropical Savannas of Peninsular India
There Grasslands are found almost all over the Deccan Plateau and Western India. They are dominated by
Sehima nervosum and Dichanthium annulatum along with a plethora of other tall and small grasses. The
grasslands of Saurashtra in Western Gujarat represent one of the largest stretch of the Tropical Savannas
of Peninsular India. The Deccan plateau areas of Karnataka and Maharashtra also have a several patches of
Tropical Savannas and form good habitat for several herbivores such as the black buck and also birds like
the Great India Bustard and Lesser Florican.
3.2.2.5.3 Northern Tropical Hill Savannas
There are found as vast stretches of grasslands on hill slopes in the tropical areas of Northern India such
as the Aravalis, Shivaliks and the south facing slopes of the Sub-Himalayan foothills.
3.2.2.5.4 Closed Sal Forest Grasslands
These are a unique kind of grasslands found amidst Sal Forests of the Sub-Himalayan belt and also in
Central India. There are closed grassland communities surrounded by Sal Forests on all sides and are
dominated by grasses that provide excellent habitat for herbivores for grazing with the protection of the
nearby forest areas too. Such grasslands are usually frequented by herds of elephants and deer and also
make good hunting grounds for tigers. Such grasslands are found in Rajaji National Park, Corbett National
Park, Dudhwa in the Sub-Himalayan belt, Kanha National Park in Central India. The fringes of these grass
lands are dominated by Chloris dolichostachya which is a shade loving forest grass.
3.2.2.6 Wet Grasslands
The semi aquatic or wet grasslands are vast stretches found in water logged areas of Sub-Himalayan tracts,
Terai, abandoned paddy fields, seasonal pools and shallow lakes, low lying areas near sea coasts, the
Phumdis of Manipur and also the high altitude lakes. There represent a mix of tall as well as short grasses,
floating grasses and several semi aquatic species of grasses. The most well know wetland grassland is the
Loktak Lake in Keibul Lamjao National Park, Manipur having unique species of grasses and tall reeds.
Several food grains such as wheat, corn, rice, and millets which are crucial for human survival are known
to have originated in various grasslands and thus they also serve as important reservoir of crop gene pool.
In addition, they form critical habitat for a variety of wild herbivores and other faunal groups for their
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breeding, migration and wintering. Owing to steady increase in human and livestock populations during
last few decades, abrupt changes in land use practices, and transformation of traditional pastoral practices,
most of the grasslands in the Asia-pacific region are degrading rapidly with far reaching consequences such
as loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services, decline in quality and quantity of forage species, loss of
pastoral livelihoods, and desertification.
Although grasses have wide ecological amplitude and several adaptations to withstand trampling, grazing,
fire, flood and drought, they face severe competition for light and nutrients from aggressive woody species
and alien invasive plants. The nutrient rich sites such as relocated villages, abandoned agricultural fields and
stream courses are particularly prone to invasion by woody species and easily transform into woodlands
and dense thickets of unpalatable shrubs and opportunistic herbs. In many parts of central and south India
overgrazing by domestic livestock, mining, wind-farms, plantations, canals and dams have led to
degradation and loss of grassland habitats.2
In the food web, herbivores are established to play an important role in maintaining the ecological health
of an ecosystem by consuming a sizeable quantity of available vegetation. With the evolution of biodiversity
conservation theory, grazing and browsing of herbivores has been treated as an unsustainable practice for
long-term conservation of wild flora. As a result, livestock grazing has been stopped in the protected areas,
especially in the National Parks. However, after the ban on livestock grazing, chaos has been observed
mainly due to violation of rights of local pastoral communities, and diverse sets of opinion on its impact
on natural vegetation.
Resentment among forest dwellers (semi-arid, arid, tropical, sub-tropical, temperate, alpine, sub-alpine)
over conservation policy of banning the livestock in protected areas has been observed in various
government reports. One of the reasons for resentment is wastage of forage, as it is not being used wisely.
In the tropical grasslands, grasses are burnt as this is one of the traditional practices of maintaining
grasslands. This is done in spite of the fact that the grassland can be used for livestock grazing.
Removal of livestock from grasslands also indicates establishing forests over a period due to secondary
succession (if not burnt), harvested, and eradicated by some mechanical ways. The fear of grasslands
becoming endangered due to invasion by trees if not maintained mechanically, is widespread all across the
globe.
Considering the importance of grasslands, livestock grazing practices and joint natural resources
management along with eco-development concepts, there is an urgent need to focus on a strong and viable
grazing policy for livestock grazing, and ecosystem and environment management.3
Grasslands and deserts are the most neglected ecosystems by the Ministry of Environment and Forests
which looks after biodiversity conservation in India. Protection, development and sustainable use of
grasslands are very important for the rural economy and livestock. India has more than 500 million
livestocks, more than 50 per cent of the fodder for this livestock comes from grasslands. Many natural
grasslands have been converted to plantations, sometimes even in Protected Areas. Some of the most
threatened species of wildlife are found in the grasslands and deserts (e.g. Great Indian Bustard, Lesser
Florican, Indian Rhinoceros, Snow Leopard, Nilgiri Tahr, Wild Buffalo etc). Despite the importance of
2 Ecology and Management of Grassland Habitats in India, Volume 17, ENVIS, Year 2015 3 Chandra Prakash Kala, Ecosystem and Environment Management, Indian Institute of Forest Management,
Current 326 Science, Vol. 96, No. 3, 10 February 2009
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grasslands and deserts for biodiversity conservation, livestock dependency and for poverty alleviation, we
still do not have Grassland Development and Grazing Policy in place.4
In most states, grasslands are a purview of the State Forest Department and in some parts revenue
department, but tend to be neglected by the State Forest Department, as their interests lie mainly in trees.
The agriculture department is interested in agricultural crops, whereas the veterinary department is
concerned with livestock, but not the grass on which the livestock is dependent. According to Revenue
Department as well as Rural Development and Panchayati Raj Departments, grasslands are the ‘village
commons’ land of and for the community.
This essentially means that grasslands, the most productive ecosystems in the subcontinent, belongs to all,
but are controlled by none, and they have no godfathers.
The report of the Task Force on Grasslands and Deserts, Government of India, 2006 further observes the
following:
‘Grasslands remain unprotected unless they are notified as Protected Areas under the Wild Life (Protection)
Act, 1972 or notified as Protected or Reserve Forest under the Indian Forest Act, 1927. Most of the States
have excluded the grasslands and have not identified them as ‘deemed forest’ by the State Expert
Committee’s pursuant to the landmark order dated 12.12.1996 in the Forest Matter (T. N. Godavarman
Thriumalpad V. Union of India and others in W.P. (C) No. 202/95). As per the said order of 12.12.1996,
word ‘forest’ should be given a wide and liberal interpretation. Excluding grasslands and including lands
only with tree cover as ‘forest’ is against the letter and spirit of the said order thereby denying the protection
under the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 (F. C. Act). In view of the fact that the grasslands have
spontaneous natural vegetative growth, these should also be treated as ‘forest land’ for the purposes of the
Forest Conservation Act and restrictions on diversion of such lands for non-forest use should be applicable
to these critical ecosystems as well.’
Increasing population and development is putting immense pressure on Indian water resources, (the most
important natural resources for supporting life). India receives an average annual precipitation (including
snowfall) of about 4000bcm (Billion Cubic Meter). However, there are extensive spatial and temporal
variations in its distribution and hence in availability of water in time and space across the country. It is
estimated that out of the estimated 4000bcm of water, 1869bcm is the average annual potential flow in
rivers available as water resource. The total usable water is only 1123bcm (690bcm from surface water
resources and 433bcm from ground water resources). The water demand is estimated to be 1093bcm by
the year 2025. Due to rapid rise in population and growing economy of the country, there will be continuous
increase in demand for water, and it will become scarce in the coming decades.
Odisha depends largely upon monsoon for its water resources. Southwest monsoon triggers rainfall in the
state. About 78 per cent of total annual rainfall occurs during the period from June to September and the
balance 22 per cent in the remaining period from October to May. In addition to seasonal availability, the
rainfall in the state also shows spatial variation i.e. from about 1200 mm in southern coastal plain to about
1700 mm in northern plateau. The long-term average annual rainfall in the state is of the order of 1452 mm,
which corresponds to an annual precipitation of about 230.76 billion cubic metres (BCM) of water. Of the
4 Report of the Task Force on Grasslands and Deserts, Government of India, 2006
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total precipitation, a part is lost by evaporation & transpiration, a part goes towards increasing ground water
storage and the remaining appears as surface runoff. The groundwater reserve and surface runoff constitute
the water resources of the state.
The state is endowed with an extensive network, of rivers and streams. As per an assessment made in 2001,
the average annual availability of surface water from states own drainage boundary is estimated as
82.841bcm. Considering the topography and geological limitations, it has been assessed that 65.679bcm of
water can be utilised. Besides, inflow of 37.55bcm is also available annually from neighbouring states
through interstate rivers. Out of which, the utilisable surface water resources was assessed as 29.861bcm.
Due to increasing demands of water for various uses, an attempt has been made to assess the availability of
water by the year 2051. The assessment reveals that the surface water availability from its own drainage
boundary remains more or less fixed but the inflow of surface water from neighbouring states will be
reduced from 37.556bcm to 25.272bcm.5
The water sector is challenged by an increasing water demand and falling per capita availability, unacceptable
levels of water use and energy efficiency, deterioration of water quality, reduction or deterioration of
available resources (loss of surface storage), increasing competition/conflict within sectors, under and
inefficient utilisation of irrigation potential, over exploitation and depletion of ground water resources,
water-logging and soil salinity in irrigated lands, fragmentation of management of water/management of
shared resources, lack of spatial inventory for large number of water infrastructure, currently used water
resources potential estimates are old, significant change in land use/land cover, demographic and utilisation
pattern in past few decades.
Access to water, and its allocation and use, are critical concerns that often leads to conflict. Water-related
tensions occurs when water is scarce, but even when the resource is not severely limited, its allocation and
use (physical and economic scarcity) can still be hotly contested. The coexistence of a variety of uses and
users – such as agriculture, industry, different clans or ethnic groups, and rural and urban users – increases
the likelihood of conflicting interests over water.
Part of the cause of water conflicts owe to the specific nature of water as a resource: for example6
Water is divisible and amenable to sharing
Contrarily, it is a common pool resource so that a unit of water used by someone is a unit denied to
others
It has multiple uses and users and involves resultant trade-offs
Excludability is an inherent problem and inclusion costs involved are often very high
It requires a consideration and understanding of nested expanding scales and boundaries from the local
watershed to inter-basin transfers
The way water is planned, used and managed causes externalities – both positive and negative, and
many of them are unidirectional and asymmetric.
Water is an essential component of national and local economies, and is needed to create and maintain jobs
across all sectors of the economy. Half of the global workforce is employed in eight water and natural
resource-dependent industries: agriculture, forestry, fisheries, energy, resource-intensive manufacturing,
recycling, building and transport. Sustainable water management, water infrastructure and access to a safe,
5 Annual Report 2015-16, Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha 6 Forum for Policy Dialogue on Water Conflicts in India, February 2012
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reliable and affordable supply of water and adequate sanitation services improve living standards, expand
local economies, and lead to the creation of more decent jobs and greater social inclusion. Sustainable water
management is also an essential driver of green growth and sustainable development.7
A watershed, or catchment area, is the area of land where all water that drains off it or flows beneath it
drains into a single point or body of water. Watersheds can vary in size from a few hectares of land to
thousands of square kilometres. Watershed management is the integrated use of land, vegetation, and water
resources that harmonises actions between upstream and downstream areas to raise agricultural
productivity, increase rural incomes, and rejuvenate the natural resource base.
Satellite images taken at regular intervals have the ability to provide accurate thematic data - such as land
use and land cover, groundwater prospects, soil characteristics etc. - for large catchments as well as micro-
watersheds. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) fusing this spatial data with non-spatial data such as
rainfall, literacy etc. immensely helps technical experts and communities to prioritise works and develop
comprehensive action plans for each micro-watershed.
Thematic resource maps depicting land use and land cover showing the area under agriculture, forests,
wasteland, and location of settlements when merged with other maps depicting soil health profiles,
groundwater profiles, location of water bodies, contours etc. can help prioritise areas for developing
comprehensive integrated sustainable action plans for each micro-watershed with far reaching benefits.8
Interestingly, in spite of water being one of the most important natural resources, and with about 71 per
cent of earth’s surface covered with water, and India on the verge of a water crisis, waterbodies are not
considered as a land use category in regional planning in India.
Following is an attempt on understanding possible sub-categorisation for water as a land use category (all
may not be applicable to Odisha)
3.3.3.1 Saline Water Bodies
3.3.3.1.1 Ocean
A body of saline water that composes much of Earths Hydrosphere.
3.3.3.1.2 Sea
A large expanse of saline water connected with an ocean, or a large, usually saline, lake that lacks a natural
outlet such as the Caspian Sea or the Dead Sea.
3.3.3.1.3 Bay
An area of water bordered by land on three sides, similar to but generally smaller than a gulf.
3.3.3.1.4 Cove
A coastal landform, used to describe a circular round inlet with a narrow entrance.
7 Water and Jobs, The United Nations World Water Development Report, 2016 8 Innovations in Development - Karnataka Watershed Development Project: Using Satellite Imagery to Develop
Land and Water Resources, The World Bank in India, Antrix Corporation and Watershed Development Department, Government of Karnataka, 2011.
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3.3.3.1.5 Gulf
A part of a lake or ocean that so that it is surrounded by land on three sides, similar to but generally larger
than a bay.
3.3.3.1.6 Lagoon
A body of comparatively shallow saline or brackish water separated from the larger, deeper body of saline
water (sea) by a shallow or exposed sandbank, coral reef, or similar feature.
3.3.3.1.7 Strait
A naturally formed, narrow body of saline or brackish water that connects two larger bodies of water and
lies between two land masses. Straits are generally navigable.
3.3.3.1.8 Creeks (Tidal)
A tidal creek is a portion of a stream or river that is affected by the ebb and flow of ocean tides and
discharges to an ocean, sea or strait. It has variable salinity and electrical conductivity over the tidal cycles
and offers unique biota.
3.3.3.1.9 Delta
A natural landform that forms due to deposition of sediments carried by a river as it enters a slow moving
or standing water like ocean, sea, lake, reservoir or another river (rare). They tend to be major agricultural
production and population centres and are ecologically sensitive.
3.3.3.1.10 Estuary
A partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and
with a free connection to the open sea forming a transition zone between river and marine environments
subject to marine and riverine influences. They tend to be the most productive natural habitat and support
about 60 per cent of the world’s population.
3.3.3.2 Fresh (Flowing) Water Bodies
3.3.3.2.1 Rivers
A natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing from high to lower grounds towards an ocean,
sea, lake or another river or water body. In some cases it flows into ground or becomes dry at the end of
its course without reaching another water body.
3.3.3.2.2 Streams
A flowing watercourse with a detectable current and confined within a bed and banks. They are an
important conduits in water cycle, instruments of groundwater recharge and corridors for fish and wildlife
migration.
3.3.3.2.3 Canal
An artificial waterway used for water conveyance (generally from a dam or artificial reservoir) or service
water transport vehicles and may connect exiting lakes rivers or oceans.
3.3.3.2.4 Channel
A physical confine/outline consisting of bed and banks of a path of relatively shallow and /or narrow body
of water most commonly for a river, river delta or strait.
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3.3.3.3 Fresh (Stagnant) Water Bodies
3.3.3.3.1 Lakes (Natural)
A lake is an area of variable size, generally filled with freshwater, localised in a basin, which is surrounded
by land, apart from any river or other outlets that serves to feed or drain the lake. Lakes are on land and
not part of ocean/sea hence distinct from lagoons and are larger and deeper than ponds.
3.3.3.3.2 Ponds
A body of standing water either natural or artificial, generally smaller than a lake, that arise naturally in
floodplains or somewhat isolated depressions. They are generally shallow, can be artificial. The Ramsar
Wetland Convention sets an upper limit to the size (8 hectares) of ponds to distinguish them from lakes
(but no universally accepted definitions)
3.3.3.3.3 Artificial Reservoirs
An artificial lake storage pond or impoundment created using a dam or lock to store water by controlling a
stream that drains an existing body of water or constructed in a river valley using a dam, or built by
excavating a flat ground or constructing retaining walls and levees
3.3.3.4 Frozen Waterbodies
3.3.3.4.1 Glaciers
A persistent body of dense ice formed where accumulation of snow exceeds ablation (melting and
sublimation) over many years.
3.3.3.5 Wetlands
Wetlands are Transitional Zones between terrestrial and aquatic systems where the water table is usually at
or near the surface or the land us covered by shallow water. Wetlands must have one or more of the
following three attributes vis. at least periodically the land supports predominantly hydrophytes, the
substrate has predominantly undrained hydric soil; and the substrate is non-soil, saturated with water or
covered by shallow water at some time during the growing season of each year.
3.3.3.5.1 Swamp
Forested wetland that generally occur along large rivers where they critically depend on natural water level
fluctuations and/or shores of large lakes and coastal areas. Some swamps have dry land protrusions,
covered with aquatic vegetation or vegetation that tolerates periodic inundations. Traditionally, swamps
were associated with low property value and were extensively exploited by draining and intensive logging
and hence were degraded. Now swamps are being conserved as they provide valuable ecological services
including food control, fish production, water purification, carbon storage/sink, and wildlife habitat.
3.3.3.5.2 Marsh
Wetlands, that are often found at the edges of lakes, coastal areas and streams, and are dominated by
herbaceous (grasses, rushes and reeds) rather than woody plant species and provide a habitat for many
species of plants, animals and insects that have adopted to living in flooded conditions. They have extremely
high levels of biological productions, hence very important for fisheries and act as carbon and pollution
sink.
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3.3.3.5.3 Bog
Wetlands that accumulates peat, a deposit of plant material - often mosses. There are frequently covered in
ericaceous shrubs rooted in moss and peat, the gradual accumulation of decayed plant material in a bod
functions as a carbon sink. Bongs tend to occur where the water at the ground surface us acidic and low in
nutrients.
3.3.3.5.4 Fen
Minerotropic peatlands usually fed by mineral rich surface water or groundwater and are either pH neutral
or alkaline with relatively high dissolved minerals but few other plant nutrients, and are generally dominated
by grasses and sedges and brown moss.
The agriculture and allied sector plays a pivotal role in sustainable growth and development of the Indian
economy. It is expected to meet the food and nutritional requirements of 1.3 billion Indians, contribute to
employment and production along with generating impetus for various backward and forward linkages.
The role of agricultural sector in alleviating poverty and in ensuring sustainable development of the
economy is well established.
While it has made large strides in achieving the agricultural development goals of food security, availability
and accessibility, it is still being challenged by a formidable agrarian crisis. This situation has recently led to
fresh thinking on the developmental approach in the agriculture sector.
The share and growth of the agriculture and allied sector at the state level presents a very different picture
from that at the national level. While at the national level, the agriculture and allied sectors contributed
about 14 per cent to the GDP in 2013-14 (at constant 2004-05 prices), a number of states show a much
larger share of agriculture in GSDP. About 13 states earn over 20 per cent of their GSDP from agriculture,
whereas only seven states earn less than 15 per cent of their GSDP through agriculture. Odisha being one
in the range from 15 to 20 per cent.9
Climate change has been increasingly pressurising agriculture development strategy to incorporate climatic
resilience, technological interventions, and changes in farm practices and diversification in cropping
patterns for achieving sustainable agricultural growth.10
Green Revolution provided the much needed food security to the vast population of the Indian Nation but
in spite of being one of the top producers of almost all agricultural commodities, the productivity is still
very low compared to many other countries in the world. The fatigue in the post-green revolution era has
now attained serious dimensions. For achieving the required production targets to feed more than 1.5 billion
in 2050, it is imperative to develop strategies that can sustain higher levels of production without an adverse
effect on the environment. In order to maximise the production from the available resources and prevailing
climatic conditions, need-based, location specific technology needs to be generated. Delineation of agro-
climatic zones based on soil, water, rainfall, temperature etc.
Projects of world banks on water shed management in Karnataka undertaken with support from Antrix
Corporation (ISRO) has proved how an integrated approach with considerations to land use, river-basins
9 State of Indian Agriculture, 2015-16, Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers Welfare, Ministry of
Agriculture and & Farmer’s Welfare, Government of India 10 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), 2014
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and watersheds, contours, soil health profiles, groundwater profiles, location of water bodies, etc. can result
in far reaching benefits in agricultural productivity.
The Agriculture department and the Directorate of Economics and Statistics have been maintaining land
use statistics with a predominant focus on agriculture as a land use. These statistics have been maintained
for long under a nine fold classification as prescribed by Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India.
Five of these nine categories are related to agriculture, one for forests, grazing & pasture lands, one for
wasteland and one for all other non-agricultural land uses.
The total geographical area considered in statistics is the latest figures of geographical area of the
State/Union Territories are those provided by the Office of the Surveyor General of India. Whereas the
reporting area for land utilisation statistics stands for the area for which data on land use classification of
area are available. In areas where land utilisation figures are based on land records, reporting area is the area
according to village papers, in cases when the papers are not maintain in respect of entire area (e.g. forest
area or paper does not exist) adhoc estimates of classification of area are derived to complete the coverage.
Following are some of the key terminologies used in the said classification
3.4.1.1 Net Sown Area
This represents the total area sown with crops and orchards. Area sown more than once in the same year
is counted only once.
3.4.1.2 Current Fallow
This represents cropped area which is kept fallow during the current year.
3.4.1.3 Fallow other than Current Fallow
This includes all land which was taken up for cultivation but is temporarily out of cultivation for a period
of not less than one year and not more than five years.
3.4.1.4 Land under Miscellaneous Trees and Crops not included in Net Sown Area
This includes all cultivable land which is not included in ‘Net area sown’ but is put to some agricultural
uses. Land under casuring trees, thatching grasses, bamboo bushes and other groves for fuel, etc. which are
not included under ‘Orchards’ are classified under this category.
3.4.1.5 Culturable Waste Land
This includes land available for cultivation, whether taken up or not taken up for cultivation once, but not
cultivated during the last five years or more in succession including the current year for some reason or the
other . Such land may be either fallow or covered with shrubs and jungles which are not put to any use.
They may be accessible or inaccessible and may lie in isolated blocks or within cultivated holdings.
3.4.1.6 Forests
This includes all land classified either as forest under any legal enactment, or administered as forest, whether
State-owned or private, and whether wooded or maintained as potential forest land. The area of crops raised
in the forest and grazing lands or areas open for grazing within the forests remain included under the ‘forest
area’.
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3.4.1.7 Permanent Pasture and Grazing Land
This includes all grazing land whether it is permanent pasture and meadows or not. Village common grazing
land is included under this heading.
3.4.1.8 Barren and Un-culturable Land
This includes all land covered by mountains, deserts, etc. Land which cannot be brought under cultivation
except at an exorbitant cost is classified as un-culturable whether such land is in isolated blocks or within
cultivated holdings.
3.4.1.9 Area put to Non-Agricultural Uses
This includes all land occupied by buildings, roads and railways or under water, e.g. rivers and canals, and
other land put to uses other than agriculture.
The total cultivated area is defined as the sum of Net Sown Area and the Current Fallow. Some of this area
can be irrigated area.
3.4.2.1 Irrigated Area
An area is assumed to be irrigated for cultivation through such sources as canals (Govt. & Private), tanks,
tube-wells, other wells and other sources.
3.4.2.1.1 Net Irrigated Area
The area irrigated through any source once in a year for a particular crop.
3.4.2.1.2 Gross Irrigated Area
The total area under crops, irrigated once and/or more than once in a year. It is counted as many times as
the number of times the areas are cropped and irrigated in a year.
3.4.2.1.3 Net Un-Irrigated Area
The area arrived at by deducting the net irrigated area from net sown area.
3.4.2.1.4 Gross Un-Irrigated Area
The area arrived at by deducting the gross irrigated area from the gross sown area
The total Cultivable Area is defined as the sum of net sown area, current fallow land, fallow other than
current fallow land, land under miscellaneous trees and crops not included in net sown area, and culturable
waste land. It is important to note that the cropping pattern would play a major role in planning conversion
of cultivable area to cultivated area.
The cropping pattern can be single cropping, multi-cropping and mix cropping. The crops may further be
classified under two categories vis.
3.4.3.1 Food Crops
These include
Food Grains
o Cereals
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o Pulses
Sugar Crops
Spices and Condiments
Vegetables
Fruits
3.4.3.2 Non- Food Crops
These include
Oil Seeds
Fibres
Dyes and Tanning Material
Drugs and Narcotics
Plantation Crops
Fodder Crops
Green Manure Crops
Floriculture Crops
Aromatic and Medicinal Plants
Other Non-Food Crops
A total of 127 agro-climatic zones have been identified in India under National Agricultural Research
Project (NARP) based on a comprehensive research review of each state. While delineating zonal
boundaries the physiographic divisions of each of the state, its rainfall pattern, soil type, availability of
irrigation water, existing cropping pattern and administrative units have been considered in such a manner
that there are fewer variations on the parameters within a zone. The delineation of zonal boundary of the
NARP in mostly in terms of districts and in some cases talukas/tehsils or subdivisions have also been
considered substantial.
Odisha State has been classified into ten distinct agro-climatic zones.
3.4.4.1 AZ60 North Western Plateau
The district of Sundargarh and parts of Deogarh, Sambalpur & Jharsuguda are covered in this zone. This
zone predominantly displays red, brown forest, red & yellow, mixed red & black soil types.
3.4.4.2 AZ61 North Central Plateau
The district of Mayurbhanj and major parts of Keonjhar, (except Anandapur & Ghasipura block) are
covered in this zone. This zone predominantly displays lateritic, red & yellow, mixed red & black soil types.
3.4.4.3 AZ62 North Eastern Coastal Plains
The districts of Balasore, Bhadrak and parts of Jajpur & Hatdihi block of Keonjhar are covered in this zone.
This zone predominantly displays red, lateritic, deltaic alluvial, coastal alluvial & saline soil types.
3.4.4.4 AZ63 East and South Eastern Coastal Plains
The districts of Kendrapara, Khurda, Jagatsinghpur and parts of Cuttack, Puri, Nayagarh & part of Ganjam
are covered in this zone. This zone predominantly displays saline, lateritic, alluvial, red & mixed red & black
soil types.
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3.4.4.5 AZ64 North Eastern Ghats
The districts of Phulbani, Rayagada, Gajapati and parts of Ganjam and small patches of Koraput are
covered in this zone. This zone predominantly displays brown forest, lateritic alluvial, red, mixed red &
black soil types.
3.4.4.6 AZ65 Eastern Ghat Highlands
Major parts of Koraput and Nabarangpur districts are covered in this zone. This zone predominantly
displays red, mixed red & black, mixed red & yellow soil types.
3.4.4.7 AZ66 Southeastern Ghats
The district of Malkangiri and parts of Keonjhar are covered in this zone. This zone predominantly displays
red, lateritic, and black soil types.
3.4.4.8 AZ67 Western Undulating Zone
The districts of Kalahandi and Nuapada are covered in this zone. This zone predominantly displays red,
mixed red & black and black soil types.
3.4.4.9 AZ68 West Central Table Land
The districts of Bargarh, Bolangir, Boudh, Sonepur and parts of Sambalpur and Jharsuguda are covered in
this zone. This zone predominantly displays red & yellow, red & black, black, brown forest and lateritic soil
types.
3.4.4.10 AZ69 Mid Central Table Land
The districts of Angul, Dhenkanal and parts of Cuttack and Jajpur are covered in this zone. This zone
predominantly displays alluvial, red, lateritic, mixed red & black soil types.
Industries, as a sector is complex in nature. The sector drives growth and forms the base of economy in
most states of India including Odisha. On one hand we have the individual manufacturing units (industrial
units) at the same time these units tend to setup base in vicinity to each other leading to creation of industrial
areas. The industrial areas may be promoted by the government to guide industrial development, and at the
same time they can be an organic growth or clustering of industrial units.
In context of regional level spatial planning, individual industrial units may not be representable on a spatial
plan, whereas development of clusters, group of industries, or an industrial park is more likely to find a
place in the industrial policy of a state. None the less, it is important to understand the various classifications
of industrial units in order to understand the sub-categorisation of industrial areas.
The industrial units may be classified based on various parameters. An individual unit may be classifiable
in more than one these parameters. Select important parameters of classification are described in
subsequent sections.
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3.5.1.1 Labour and Investment
3.5.1.1.1 Large Scale Enterprises
For manufacturing sector, investment in plant and machinery should be more than INR 10 crores. For
service sector, investment in equipment should be more than INR 5 crores.
3.5.1.1.2 Medium Scale Enterprises
For manufacturing sector, investment in plant and machinery should be between INR 5 Crores to INR 10
crores. For service sector, investment in equipment should be between INR 2 Crores to INR 5 crores.
3.5.1.1.3 Small Enterprises
For manufacturing sector, investment in plant and machinery should be between INR 25 lakhs to INR 5
crores. For service sector, investment in equipment should be between INR 10 lakhs to INR 2 crores.
3.5.1.1.4 Micro Enterprises
For manufacturing sector, investment in plant and machinery should be less than INR 25 lakhs. For service
sector, investment in equipment should be less than INR 10 lakhs.
3.5.1.2 Ownership
3.5.1.2.1 Private Sector
Industrial units owned by individual or firms (e.g. Tata motors, Bajaj auto, etc.)
3.5.1.2.2 Public Sector
Industrial units owned by the state and its agencies (e.g. Indian Oil Corporation, Bharat Heavy Electricals
etc.)
3.5.1.2.3 Joint Sector
Industrial units owned jointly by the private sector and the state or its agencies (such as Gujarat Alkalies
Limited, Oil India limited etc.)
3.5.1.2.4 Co-operative Sector
Industrial Units owned and run cooperatively by a group of people who are generally producers of raw
material of the given industry e.g. Amul India, all dairy cooperatives, etc.
3.5.1.2.5 Multinationals
Industrial units that have a set up in multiple countries.
3.5.1.3 Product Groups
3.5.1.3.1 Primary Sector
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
Mining and Quarrying
3.5.1.3.2 Secondary Sector
Manufacturing
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
Water supply and solid/liquid waste management and remediation
Construction
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3.5.1.3.3 Tertiary Sector
Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles
Transportation and storage/logistics services
Accommodation and food services
Information and communication services
Financial and insurance services
Real estate services
Professional scientific and technical services
Administrative and support services
Public administration, defence and compulsory social security services
Education
Human health and social work services
Arts entertainment and recreational services
Other repair and organisation membership services
Domestic services
Services for extra-territorial organisations and bodies
3.5.1.4 Pollution Load
3.5.1.4.1 Red – Highly Polluting
Isolated Storage of
Hazardous
Chemicals
Automobile
Manufacturing
(integrated)
Hazardous Waste
Recycling
Lubricating Oils and
Grease
Manufacturing
DG Sets (>5MVA)
Carbon Black and
allied
Lead Acid Battery
Phosphate Rock
Processing
Power Generation
Plant
Hazardous Waste
Recyclers
Chlorinated
Hydrocarbons
Sugar
Fibre Glass
Production
Fire Crackers
E-Waste Recyclers
Milk and Dairy
Products
Phosphorous
Pulp and Paper
Coke Making
Explosives and
Detonators
Paints Varnishes and
Pigments
Organic Chemicals
Airports and
Commercial Air
Strips
Asbestos
Basic Chemicals
Cement
Chlorates,
Perchlorate and
Peroxides
Chlorine, Fluorine,
Bromine, Iodine
Dye and Dye
Intermediates
Health care
Establishments
Hotels (Big)
Lead Acid Battery
Recyclers
Waste Electrical and
Electronic
Recyclers
Glue and Gelatin
Mining and Ore
Beneficiation
Nuclear Power Plan
Pesticides
Photographic Film /
Chemicals
Yarn/Textile
Processing
Chlor Alkali
Ship Breaking
Oil and Gas
Extraction
Metal Surface
Treatment
Tanneries
Port/harbour/jetties
Synthetic Fibres
Thermal Power Plans
Slaughter House
Aluminium Smelter
Copper Smelter
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Fertilisers (basic)
Integrated Iron and
Steel
Pulp and Paper
(beaching)
Zinc Smelter
Oil and Refinery
Petrochemicals
Pharmaceutical
Pulp and Paper (large
agro + wood)
Distillery
Railway Locomotive
workshop service
centres
3.5.1.4.2 Orange - Moderately Polluting
Almirah, Grill
Manufacturing
Aluminium and
Copper Extraction
from Scrap
Automobile
Servicing and
repairing
Ayurvedic and
homeopathic
medicines
Brickfields
Building
Construction >
20000sq.m.
Cashew Nut
Processing
Ceramics and
Refractories
Chanachur and
Laddoo using husk
fired oven
Coal Waheries
Coated Electrode
Coffee Seed
Processing
Compact Disk,
computer floppy
Copper waste
recyclers
Dairy and Dairy
Products (small
scale)
DG Set (1-5 MVA)
Dismantling of
Rolling stocks
Dry Cell Battery
Dry Coal / Mineral
Processing
Fermentation (Extra
Neutral Alcohol)
Ferrous and Non
Ferrous Metal
Extraction
Fertilisers
(granulation /
formulation
/blending)
Fish feed, poultry
feed and cattle feed
Fish Processing and
Packing
Flakes from rejected
PET bottles
Foam manufacturing
Food and Food
Processing
Forging of Ferrous
and Non Ferrous
Formulation/
Palletisation of
Camphor tablets etc.
Glass Ceramics,
earthen potteries and
tile
Gravure printing,
digital printing on
flex
Heat treatment using
oil fired furnace
Hot mix plants
Ice cream
Foundry Operations
Iodised Salt from
crude/raw salt
Jute Processing and
without dyeing
Large Bakery and
confectionary
Transformer
repairing/
manufacturing
Tyres and tubes
vulcanisation / hot
retread
Vegetable oil
manufacturing
Wire drawing and
wire netting
Large cotton
spinning and weaving
Lime manufacturing
Liquid Floor Cleaner,
black phenyl
Manufacturing of
glass
Manufacturing of
mirror
Manufacturing of
mosquito repellent
coil
Manufacturing of
Starch / Sago
Mechanised laundry
using oil fired boiler
Medium Scale Hotels
Modular Wooden
Furniture
New Highway
construction Project
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Non-Alcoholic
Beverages
Paint Blending and
Mixing
Paints and Varnishes
Parboiled Rice Mills
Pharmaceutical
Formulation
Ply board
Manufacturing
Potable Alcohol
(IMFL) by blending
Printing Ink
Manufacturing
Printing or etching of
glass sheet
Printing press
Producer Gas Plant
Recyclers - Used Oil
Recyclers - Waste Oil
Recycling - Paint and
ink sludge
Reprocessing of
waste Plastic / PVC
Rolling Mill (oil or
coal fired)
Silica Gel
Silk / Saree Screen
Printing
Spray Painting
Steel and Steel
Products with
Furnaces
Stone Crushers
Surgical and Medical
products
Synthetic detergents
and soaps
Synthetic resins
Synthetic rubber
excluding moulding
Teflon based
products
Thermocol
manufacturing
Thermometer
Tobacco Products
including cigarettes
Tooth Powder,
Toothpaste and
Talcum Powder
3.5.1.4.3 Green – Low Polluting
Aluminium Utensils
Ayurvedic Medicines
Small Bakery /
Confectionery
PP Film
Biomass briquettes
Melamine Resins
Brass and Bell Metal
Utensils
Candy
Cardboard /
Corrugated box
Carpentry and
Wooden Furniture
Cement Products
Ceramic Colour by
mixing
Chilling Plan and Ice
Making
Coke briquetting
Small Cotton
Spinning and
Weaving
Dal Mills
Decoration of
Ceramic Cups
Digital Printing on
PVC Clothes
Handling, storage of
food grains
Flour Mills
Electrical Glass,
ceramic, earthen
potteries
Glue from starch
Gold and Silver
smithy
Non-polluting heat
treatment
Insulation / coated
papers
Leather
footwear/products
Blending of
lubricating oil,
greases
Pasted Veneers
Oil Mill Ghani
Packing Materials
Phenyl/ Toilet
Cleaners
Polythene/ Plastic
Products
Poultry, Hatchery
and Piggery
Power Looms
(without dyeing and
bleaching)
Puffed Rice (muri)
Ready Mix Cement
Concrete
Reprocessing of
Waste Cotton
Rice Mill (Rice
Hullers only)
Rolling Mill (gas
fired) and cold rolling
mills
Rubber goods (gas
operated baby boiler)
Saw Mills
Soap Manufacturing
Spice Blending
Spice Grinding
Steel Furniture
Grain Processing
Tyre/tyre re-treading
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Chilling / Ice Plant
Carbon Dioxide
Recovery
Distilled Water
Small Hotels
Optical Lenses
Mineralised Water
Tamarind Powder
Marble Stone
Emery Powder
Flyash Export
Mineral Stack Yard
Oil and Gas
Transportation
Pipeline
Seasoning of Wood
Synthetic Detergent
Tea Processing
Pulverisation of
Bamboo
3.5.1.4.4 White – Non Polluting
Air Coolers /
Conditioners
Bicycles and Baby
Carriages
Bailing of Waste
Papers
Bio Fertilisers / Bio
Pesticides
Biscuit Trays
Blending / Pack of
Tea
Block Making of
Printing
Chalk Making
Compressed Oxygen
Gas
Cotton and Woollen
Hosiers
Diesel Pump
Repairing
Electric Lamp (bulb)
and CFL
Electrical and
Electronic Item
Engineering and
Fabrication Units
Flavoured betel nuts
Flyash Bricks /
Blocks
Fountain Pen
Glass Ampules
Glass Putty and
Sealant
Ground Nut
Decorticating
Handloom / Carpet
Weaving
Leather Cutting &
Stitching
Coir Items from
Coconut Husks
Metal Cap
Containers
Shoe Brush and Wire
Brush
Medical Oxygen
Organic and
Inorganic Nutrients
Organic Manure
Packing of Powdered
Milk
Paper Pins and U
clips
Repairing of electric
motors /generators
Rope (plastic and
cotton)
Scientific and
Mathematical
instruments
Solar Module non-
conventional energy
apparatus
Solar Power
Generation through
Solar Photovoltaic
Cell, wind power and
mini hydel power
(less than 25 MW)
Surgical and Medical
Products Assembling
3.5.1.5 Miscellaneous
3.5.1.5.1 Village
Located in villages and primarily cater to the needs of the rural people, usually employs local machinery
such as oil extraction, grain grinding and agricultural implements
3.5.1.5.2 Cottage
Setup in houses, work of wood, cane, brass, stone, handloom, khadi, leather work etc.
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3.5.1.5.3 Consumer
Convert raw material or primary products into commodities directly used by people (e.g garments, bakeries,
food processing units, electric appliances etc.
3.5.1.5.4 Ancillary
Parts and components manufactures that are either downstream products or are further used by aggregator
industries. (e.g. precision engineering, plastic products etc.)
3.5.1.5.5 Basic
Act as anchor/base for further downstream industries/production. (e.g. petroleum, iron, steel etc.)
3.5.1.5.6 Capital Intensive
Require large investments in plants equipment machinery etc. (e.g. iron, steel cement etc.)
3.5.1.5.7 Labour Intensive
Require large labour force (e.g. shoe making, bidi manufacturing etc.)
3.5.2.1 Industrial Corridors
An industrial corridor is a package of infrastructure spending allocated to a specific geographical area, with
the intent to stimulate industrial development. An industrial corridor aims to create clusters of
manufacturing or other industries, often created in areas that have some pre-existing infrastructure such as
ports, highways, railroads etc.
3.5.2.1.1 East Coast Economic Corridor (ECEC)
Covers the states of West Bengal, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu. Vizag to Chennai segment
taken up as first phase. Vishakapatnam, Machilipatnam, Donakonda and Srikalahasti-Yeroedu in Andhra
Pradesh identified for development.
3.5.2.2 Special Investment Regions
An industrial infrastructure package allocated to a specific geographical area, with the intent to stimulate
industrial development. An SIR may be part of an industrial corridor, and may contain one or more SEZs,
Industrial Clusters, and Industrial Parks etc.
3.5.2.2.1 National Investment and Manufacturing Zones
Integrated Industrial Investment region with land area of at least 5000ha (50sq.km) having a combination
of production units (existing or new), public utilities logistics, other industrial infrastructure, environmental
protection mechanisms, residential area and other administrative services. An NIMZ may have one or more
SEZ, Industrial Parks, Logistics/Warehousing zones, EOUs, DTAs etc.) All benefits available under
relevant existing legislations /policy continue to remain available).
Kalinganagar, Jajpur, Odisha
Ponneri, Thiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu
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3.5.2.2.2 Petroleum Chemical and Petrochemical Investment Regions
A PCPIR is a specifically delineated investment region with an area of about 250 sq. km planned for the
establishment of manufacturing facilities for domestic and export led production in petroleum, chemical
and petrochemicals along with the associated services and infrastructure as suitable for a combination of
production units, logistics, other industrial processes, environmental protection mechanisms, residential
areas and administrative services with a minimum processing area of 40 per cent or 100 sq.km.(may or may
not be contiguous). A PCPIR may have one or more SEZ, Industrial Parks, Logistics/Warehousing zones,
EOUs, DTAs etc.) All benefits available under relevant existing legislations /policy continue to remain
available).
3.5.2.2.3 Information Technology Investment Region
An ITIR is a specifically delineated investment region with a minimum area of about 40 sq. km planned for
the establishment of Information Technology/Information Technology Enable Services and Electronic
Hardware Manufacturing Units and facilities along with the associated services and infrastructure as suitable
for a combination of production units, logistics, public utilities, environmental protection mechanisms,
residential areas and administrative services with a minimum processing area of 40 per cent (may or may
not be contiguous). An ITIR may have one or more SEZ, Industrial Parks, Logistics/Warehousing zones,
EOUs, DTAs etc.) All benefits available under relevant existing legislations /policy continue to remain
available)
3.5.2.3 Special Economic Zones
A specified demarcated duty free industrial territory, deemed to be considered outside customs territory of
India for the purpose of trade and export promotion. The minimum contiguous area requirement for
developing a SEZ for different categories is mentioned below:
Multiple Product SEZ: 500 ha
Sector Specific SEZ: 50ha
Free Trade and Warehousing Zones: 40ha,
Gems and Jewellery /Agro based /Biotechnology /Handicrafts /Equipment manufacturing for non-
conventional energy and solar energy: 10 ha
IT SEZ: no minimum land area (a minimum built up of 100000 sq.m., 50000 sq.m. and 25000sq.m. is
necessary based on city category).
An upper limit of 5000 ha is also demarcated for Multi-Product SEZs.
3.5.2.3.1 Government Promoted SEZs
Government plays the role of Developer and Co-Developer, land is responsibility of the Government.
3.5.2.3.2 Private SEZs
Private sector player plays the role of Developer and Co-Developer, land is responsibility of the private
sector player.
3.5.2.3.3 SEZs (Public Private Partnerships)
Government plays the role of Developer and Private sector player plays the role of Co-Developer, land is
responsibility of the government, generally private sector player invests in infrastructure.
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3.5.2.4 Industrial Clusters
Industrial Clusters are a group of interrelated industries that drive wealth creation in a region through
industrial production. An industrial cluster is different from a classic definition of industry sector as it
represents the entire value chain of a broadly defined industry from suppliers to end products including all
the support services and specialised infrastructure. Cluster industries tend to be geographically concentrated
and interconnected by the flow of goods and services which are stronger than the flow linking them to the
rest of the economy.
Transitioned to stabilised consortium approach adopted by MSMEs that were earlier facing difficulties in
achieving economies of scale, specialisation and innovation due to their small size are being benefitted by
combining advantages of running a small unit with the benefits of scale and specialisation provided by large
units There are more than 600 Industrial SME clusters and over 7000 artisan/micro enterprising clusters
in India. There are about 2500 untapped/emerging rural clusters in India. Some of the clusters are so large
that they account for almost about 80 per cent of the production of select product within India.
3.5.2.5 Industrial Estates/Parks
Industrial Estates/Parks are specific areas zoned for industrial activity in which infrastructure such as roads,
power, and other utility services is provided to facilitate growth of industries and minimise impact on the
environment. Selection of location/sites for industrial areas ideally take economic, social as well as
environmental issues into consideration. They may offer developed plots, or pre-built factories or plug and
play units or standard design factories for industrial units. Integrated township/residential areas along with
supporting social infrastructure may also be integrated as part of the same.
3.5.2.5.1 Government Promoted Industrial Estates/Parks
Usually promoted by the State Industrial Development Corporation or such other government
agency/statutory authority. Generally the projects are planned, approved, developed, managed and
regulated by the government agency. The industrial parks may be promoted and developed under various
government schemes like growth centre, export promotion/processing zone, free trade zones, software
technology parks, electronics hardware technology parks etc.
3.5.2.5.2 Private Industrial Estates/Parks
Promoted by the private sector players, few examples can be cited in India, with little/partial success, that
too primarily restricted to IT/ITES sectors. A few examples are: Information Technology Park in
Bengaluru, Infocity in Hyderabad, Technopark in Thiruvananthapuram, etc. The Mahindra World city in
Chennai was originally envisaged as an automobile park, however, over a period of time the concept
changed to IT and ITES Park. With land acquisitions increasingly becoming trickier, some state
governments are now bringing about policies on promoting small industrial parts (about 20 ha of land)
wherein the government is willing to share cost of infrastructure up to a certain cost.
3.5.2.5.3 Industrial Estates/Parks (Public Private Partnerships)
Promoted jointly by the government and the private sector, wherein the government agency generally tend
to contribute in the form of land and private sector player invests in infrastructure and is also responsible
to get anchor tenant and market, operate and maintain the project. The government as well as the private
sector players get a stake in the equity of a special purpose company set up for developing the parks.
3.5.2.5.4 Cooperative Industrial Estates/Parks
Promoted jointly by the small entrepreneurs through the formation of a cooperative society to provide
themselves with developed industrial plots, factory sheds, basic facilities such as water, drainage, roads, and
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electricity, etc. The government may choose to offer assistance by offering land, subsidies or grants for
promoting the same.
Mines is a contentious land use. Mineral deposits are naturally located, they can be extracted only at the
locations where they are found. This results in frequent conflicts with almost all other land uses like forests
and protected areas, waterbodies (due to pollution), agriculture due to impact on soil health, water pollution
and allocation, tourism and other service industries, settlements as they result in their formation and
expansion and at the same time result in pollution.
Generally mining is a specialised activity and mineral resources are limited and require high investments
and require technology that can be acquired by either government or specialised firms. It is for this reason,
that mining is a licenced activity. Mostly the mining licences are issued by a specialised department
(Department of Mines in most states).
However, the construction industry also requires a large amount of natural resources like sand, gypsum,
stones, etc. which are relatively easy to extract and may not need specialised technology or large investments.
Further, the abundant availability of the same means that many firms are undertaking operational mining
activities at a smaller scale. Some states have vested the licencing authority for such low value minerals with
the revenue departments of the state, as is the case with Odisha as well.
The Department of Steel and Mines, however, remains responsible for identifying mineral deposits and
study the commercial viability of extracting the same, and recommend the method/technology for
extraction of the same. The Department of Steel and Mines is required to prepare and submit a mining
operation plan as well as end of live mining closure plan with spatial aspects for approval from Ministry of
Environment, Forest and Climate Change as well as Ministry of Mines at national level.
In view of above, to standardise the mining industry practices, India is accepts the United Nations
Framework Classification on Fossil Energy, Mineral Reserves and Resources 2009. Following section
provide a brief on the same.
3.6.1.1 E-Axis
The degree of favourability of social and economic conditions in establishing commercial viability of the
project including consideration of market prices and relevant legal, regulatory, environmental and
contractual conditions
3.6.1.1.1 Category E1
Extraction and sale has been confirmed to be economically viable - Extraction and sale is economic on the
basis of current market conditions and realistic assumptions of future market conditions. All necessary
approvals/contracts have been confirmed or there are reasonable expectations that all such
approvals/contracts would be obtained within a reasonable timeframe. Economic Viability is not affected
by short term adverse market conditions provided that longer tern forecasts remain positive
Sub-Category E1.1: Extraction and sale is economic on the basis of current market conditions and
realistic assumptions of future market conditions.
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Sub-Category E1.2: Extraction and sale is not economic on the basis of current market conditions and
realistic assumptions of future market conditions, but is made viable through government subsidies
and/or other considerations.
3.6.1.1.2 Category E2
Extraction and sale is expected to become economically viable in foreseeable future - Extraction and sale
is not yet confirmed to be economic, but on the basis of realistic assumptions of future market conditions,
there are reasonable prospects for future economic extraction and sale in foreseeable future.
3.6.1.1.3 Category E3
Extraction and sale is not expected to become economically viable in foreseeable future or evaluation is at
too early a stage to determine economic viability - On the basis of realistic assumptions of future market
conditions, it is currently considered that there are not reasonable prospects for economic extraction and
sale in the foreseeable future; or, economic viability of extraction cannot yet be determined due to
insufficient information. Also included are quantities that are forecast to be extracted, but which will not
be available for sale.
Sub-Category E3.1: Quantities that are forecast to be extracted, but which will not be available for sale.
Sub-Category E3.2: Economic viability of extraction cannot yet be determined due to insufficient
information.
Sub-Category E3.3: On the basis of realistic assumptions of future market conditions. it is currently
considered that there are not reasonable prospects for economic extraction and sale in foreseeable
future.
3.6.1.2 F-Axis
Designates maturity of studies and commitments necessary to implement mining plans or development
projects. These extend from early exploration efforts before a deposit or accumulation has been confirmed
to exist through a project that is extracting and selling a commodity and reflect the standard value chain
management principles
3.6.1.2.1 Category F1
Feasibility of extraction by a defined development project or mining operation has been confirmed -
Extraction is currently taking place; or, implementation of development project or mining operation is
underway; or, sufficiently detailed studies have been completed to demonstrate the feasibility of extraction
by implementing a defined development project or mining operation.
Sub-Category F1.1: Extraction is currently taking place.
Sub-Category F1.2: Capital funds have been committed and implementation of development project
or mining operation is underway.
Sub-Category F1.3: Sufficiently detailed studies have been completed to demonstrate the feasibility of
extraction by implementing a defined development project or mining operation.
3.6.1.2.2 Category F2
Feasibility of extraction by a defined development project or mining operation is subject to further
evaluation Preliminary studies demonstrate the existence of a deposit in such a form, quality and quantity
that he feasibility of extraction by a defined (at least in broad terms) development project or mining
operation can be evaluated. Further data acquisition and/or studies may be required to confirm the
feasibility of extraction.
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Sub-Category F2.1: Project activities are ongoing to justify development in foreseeable future.
Sub-Category F2.2: Project activities are on hold and/or where justification as a commercial
development may be subject to significant delay.
Sub-Category F2.3: There are no current plans to develop or to acquire additional date at the time due
to limited potential.
3.6.1.2.3 Category F3
Feasibility of extraction by a defined development project or mining operation cannot be evaluated due to
limited technical data - Very preliminary studies, which may be based on a conceptually defined terms of
development project or mining operation, indicate the need for further data acquisition in order to confirm
the existence of a deposit in such form, quality and quantity that the feasibility of extraction can be
evaluated.
3.6.1.2.4 Category F4
No development project or mining operation has been identified - In situ quantities that will not be
extracted by any currently defined development project or mining operations
3.6.1.3 G-Axis
Designates the level of confidence in the geological knowledge and potential recoverability of quantities.
3.6.1.3.1 Category G1
Quantities associated with a known deposit that can be estimated with a high level of confidence - For in
situ quantities, and for recoverable estimates of fossil energy and mineral resources that are extracted as
solids, quantities are typically categorised discretely, where each estimate reflects the level of geological
knowledge and confidence associated with a specific part of the deposit.
3.6.1.3.2 Category G2
Quantities associated with a known deposit that can be estimated with a moderate level of confidence - For
in situ quantities, and for recoverable estimates of fossil energy and mineral resources that are extracted as
solids, quantities are typically categorised discretely, where each estimate reflects the level of geological
know edge and confidence associated with a specific part of the deposit.
3.6.1.3.3 Category G3
Quantities associated with a known deposit that can be estimated with a low level of confidence - For in
situ quantities, and for recoverable estimates of fossil energy and mineral resources that are extracted as
solids, quantities are typically categorised discretely, where each estimate reflects the level of geological
knowledge and confidence associated with a specific part of the deposit.
3.6.1.3.4 Category G4
Estimated quantities associated with a potential deposit, based primarily on indirect evidence - Quantities
that are estimated during the exploration phase are subject to a substantial range of uncertainty as well as a
major risk that no development project or mining operation may subsequently be implemented to extract
the estimated quantities. Where a single estimates is provided, it should be the expected outcome but where
possible a full range of uncertainty in the size of potential deposit should be documented (e.g. in the form
of a probability distribution). In addition, it is recommended that the probability that the potential deposit
would become a deposit of any commercial significance is also documented.
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3.6.2.1 Surface Mining
3.6.2.1.1 Strip Mining
The practice of mining a seam of mineral, by first removing a long strip of overlying soil and rock (the
overburden). Commonly used to mine coal and lignite. Practical when ore body to be excavated is relatively
near the surface. This type of mining uses some of the largest machines on earth.
Area stripping (more common method) used on fairly flat terrain
Contour stripping used in hilly terrain, usually follows contour of the land. Commonly leaves behind
terraces in mountainside
3.6.2.1.2 Open Pit Mining
A surface mining technique of extracting rock or minerals from the earth by removal from an open pit or
borrow. Mines that produce building materials and dimension stone are commonly referred to as quarries.
Typically enlarged for extraction until mineral resources are exhausted/or increasing overburden ration
make mining uneconomic. Sometimes exhausted mines are used for landfills. Water control required to
keep mine from becoming lake.
3.6.2.1.3 Mountain Top Removal
A form of coal mining that mines coal seams beneath mountaintops by first removing overlying
mountaintop. Explosives used to break up rock layers above the seam, which are then removed. Excess
mining waste (overburden) is dumped by large trucks into fills in nearby hollow or valley fills. Involves
mass restructuring of earth in order to reach coal seams as deep as 120m. Replaces original steep landscape
with a much flatter topography. Economic development may attempt to reclaim exhausted sites
3.6.2.1.4 Dredging
A method for placer mining below the water table. Mostly associated with gold mining. Small dredges often
use suction to bring the mined material up from the bottom of a water body.
3.6.2.1.5 High wall Mining
An evolved form of auger mining that can produce thousands of tons of coal in contour strip operators -
with narrow benches, previously mined areas, trench line applications etc. Recovery is higher and more
environmentally friendly than that of auguring or other forms of surface mining at a lower cost.
3.6.2.2 Sub-Surface Mining (Hard Rock)
3.6.2.2.1 Cut and Fill
A method of short-hole miring used in steeply dipping or irregular ore zones, in particular where hanging
walls limit use of long-hole methods. The ore is mined in horizontal or slightly inclined slices, and then
filled with waste rock, sand or tailings. Either fill option may be consolidated with concrete, or left
unconsolidated. Cut and fill mining is an expensive but selective method, with low ore loss and dilution
3.6.2.2.2 Drift and Fill
Similar to cut and fill, except it is used in ore zones which are wider than method of drifting will allow to
be mined. First drift is developed in the ore, and is backfilled using consolidated fill, the second drift is
driven adjacent to this drift. This carries on until the ore zone is mined out to its full width, at which time
the second cut is started atop the first cut
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3.6.2.2.3 Shrinkage Stoping
A short-hole mining method suitable for steeply dipping orebodies. Similar to cut and fill mining with the
exception that after being blasted, broken ore is left in the stope where it is used to support the surrounding
rock and as a platform from which to work. Only enough ore is removed from the stope to allow for drilling
and blasting the next slice. The stope is emptied when all of the ore has been blasted. Although it is very
selective and allows for low dilution, since most of the ore stays in the stope until mining is completed there
is a delayed return on capital investments
3.6.2.2.4 Room and Pillar Mining
Commonly done in flat or gently dipping bedded ore bodies. Pillars left in place in a regular pattern while
the rooms are mined out. In many room and pillar nines, the pillars are taken out starting at the farthest
point from the stope access, allowing the roof to collapse and fill in the stope. This allows for greater
recover/as less ore is left behind in pillars
3.6.2.2.5 Vertical Retreat Mining/Vertical Crater Retreat Mining
Mines is divided into vertical zones with depth of about 50 meters using open stoping, bottom up mining.
Long large diameter holes are drilled vertically from the top followed by blasting horizontal slices of the
ore body into an undercut Primary stopes are mined in first stage and then backfilled with cemented fill to
provide wall support for blasting of successive stopes. Side chambers are mined in a pre-planned sequence
after the fill has solidified
3.6.2.2.6 Block Caving
Used to mine massive steeply dipping orebodies (typically low grade) with high friability. An undercut with
haulage access is driven under the orebody, with draw bells excavated between top of the haulage level and
bottom of the undercut. The draw bells serve as a place for caving rock to fall into. The orebody is drilled
and blasted above the undercut, and the ore s removed via the haulage access. Due to the friability of the
orebody the ore above the first blast caves and falls into the draw bells. As ore is removed from the draw
bells the orebody caves in, providing a steady stream of ore. If caving stops and removal of ore from the
draw bells continues, a large void may form, resulting in the potential for a sudden and massive collapse
and potentially catastrophic windblast throughout the mine. Where caving does continue, the ground
surface may collapse into a surface depression
3.6.2.3 Sub-Surface Mining (Soft Rock)
3.6.2.3.1 Long Wall Mining
To extract panels - rectangular blocks of coal as wide as the face the equipment is installed in, and as long
as several kilometres. Powerful mechanical coal cutters (shearers) cut coal from the face, which falls onto
an armoured face conveyor for removal. Longwalls car advance into an area of coal, or more commonly,
retreat back between development tunnels. As a longwall miner retreats back along a panel, the roof behind
the supports is allowed to collapse in a planned and controlled manner
3.6.2.3.2 Room and Pillar Mining (Continuous Mining)
Commonly done in flat or gently dipping bedded ores. Pillars are left in place in a regular pattern while
rooms are mined out. In many room and pillar nines, the pillars are taken out, starting at the farthest point
-from the mine haulage exit, retreating, and letting the roof come down upon the floor. Room and pillar
methods are well adapted to mechanisation, and are used in deposits such as coal, potash, phosphate, salt,
oil shale, and bedded uranium ores.
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3.6.2.3.3 Blast Mining
An older practice of coal mining that uses explosives such as dynamite to break up the coal seam, after
which the coal is gathered and loaded onto shuttle cars or conveyors for removal to a central loading area.
This process consists of a series of operations that begins with cutting the coalbed so it will break easily
when blasted with explosives.
3.6.2.3.4 Short Wall Mining
Accounts for less than 1 per cent of deep coal production, involves use of a continuous mining machine
with moveable roof supports, similar to longwall. The continuous miner shears coal panels 150-200 feet
wide and more than half a mile long, depending on other things like the strata of the Earth and the
transverse waves.
3.6.2.3.5 Coal Skimming
No longer in general use, because of massive amount of water needed and environmental damage thereof.
Infrastructure is one of the most important factors for development. Though it does find mention in
specific plans in terms of transport network, power plants and transmission lines, industrial infrastructure,
education and health infrastructure, it seldom gets a representation in land use plans at regional level.
Infrastructure is broadly classified in terms of physical infrastructure (roads, railways, airports, power plants
etc.) and social infrastructure (education, health, sports, recreation etc.). It is important to note that social
infrastructure is predominantly a function within settlements, even though it has a hierarchy in regional
terms. Whereas the regional hierarchy of physical infrastructure is visible at regional levels beyond
settlements boundaries. It is with this understanding that this section focuses on infrastructure as a land
use in terms of physical infrastructure, which has a greater potential of influencing development and
direction of growth of settlements and economy. The social infrastructure aspects are captured as part of
the settlements.
For the purpose of this section, the infrastructure has been broadly sub-categorised into seven parts as
described in the sub-sections below.
3.7.1.1 Expressways
Access controlled high speed motor-able corridors/roads.
3.7.1.2 National Highways
High speed motor-able corridors/roads under control of National Government - generally links state
capital cities and other major cities.
3.7.1.3 State Highways
High speed motor-able corridors/roads under control of State Government - Generally links major cities
and district headquarters.
3.7.1.4 Major District Roads
All weather motor-able corridors/roads under control of State Government - Generally links major cities
and district headquarters.
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3.7.1.5 Other District Roads
All weather motor-able corridors/roads under control of State Government - Generally links district
headquarters and other urban centres.
3.7.1.6 Urban Roads
All internal roads in a city - may be connected to an expressway, national highway, state highway, major
district road or other district roads.
3.7.1.7 Rural Roads
All internal and access roads to a village - may be connect to a major district road or other district roads.
3.7.1.8 Project Roads
Roads made specifically to connect a major project (for e.g. for forests/tourism/industry etc.).
3.7.1.9 Border Roads
Roads along the border area of India to ensure strategic movement of defence establishments.
3.7.1.10 Bridges
Bridges over waterbodies, railway lines, transmission lines, wetlands etc.
3.7.1.11 Interstate Bus Terminals
Bus parking (origin and destination), workshop, maintenance, depots etc.
3.7.1.12 Interstate Bus Stations
Bus parking (on the way), refuelling, temporary parking, night shelter etc.
3.7.2.1 International Airports
Airports with flights originating and destined to domestic as well as international locations.
3.7.2.2 Domestic Airports
Airports with flights originating and destined to domestic locations only.
3.7.2.3 Civil Enclave Airports
Airports originally a defence establishment, with civil flights being allowed to operate during certain
duration (domestic/international).
3.7.2.4 Airstrip
Airstrip only, no airports/terminal infrastructure present.
3.7.2.5 Cargo Terminals
Airstrip/airport terminals with air cargo facilities.
3.7.3.1 Major Ports
Sea Ports under the control of National Government.
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3.7.3.2 Minor Ports
Sea Ports under the control of State Government.
3.7.3.3 Private Ports
Sea Ports under the control of Private Sector.
3.7.3.4 Other Ports
Sea Ports under the control of Private Sector for captive purposes.
3.7.3.5 Jetties
Jetties under the control of Private Sector for captive purposes that are not full-fledged ports.
3.7.3.6 Marinas
Floating Jetties to facilitate passenger cruises/yachts.
3.7.4.1 Port Terminals
River Ports under the control of National/State Government.
3.7.4.2 Private Port Terminals
River Ports under the control of Private Sector.
3.7.5.1 Railway Lines/Network
The rail network of India - public/private/PPP.
3.7.5.2 Dedicated Freight Corridors
Rail Corridors for goods/cargo transport only.
3.7.5.3 Cargo Terminals
Terminals/yards/warehouses for rail based cargo/goods transport.
3.7.5.4 Passenger Stations
Terminals, junctions, stations/maintenance yards for passenger rail services.
3.7.5.5 Bridges
Bridges over waterbodies, roads, transmission lines, wetlands etc.
3.7.5.6 Rail Sidings
Rail lines exiting/entering into main network linking a mine, power plant, logistics facility, industry etc.
3.7.6.1 Multi-Modal Logistics Parks
Logistics facilities catering to multiple modes of transport (road, rail, water, marine, air etc.).
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3.7.6.2 Inland Container Depots
Inland zones for container movement with customs facilities (considered equivalent to a port for all export
and import purposes.
3.7.6.3 Container Freight Stations
Inland zones for container consolidation, stuffing and de-stuffing and other movements with or without
customs facilities.
3.7.6.4 Warehouse
Inland zones for temporary storage and consolidation of goods with or without customs facilities.
3.7.6.5 Tank Farms/Terminals
Ware housing for liquid cargo (generally built in the form of tanks) with additional facilities for value
addition like, diluting, mixing etc. connected with transmission lines.
3.7.6.6 Truck Terminals
Inland zones for temporary parking, service, overnight stay etc. for trucks and drivers. May or may not have
warehousing facilities.
3.7.6.7 Granaries
Special warehousing facilities for storing grains, pulses etc.
3.7.6.8 Coal Storage and Handling Terminals
Special warehousing facilities for storing perishable materials like fruits, vegetables etc.
3.7.6.9 Agricultural Markets
Markets for selling agricultural produce, may or may not have cold storage, warehousing and or granaries
facilities.
3.7.6.10 Transmission Lines
Transmission lines for (solids - powder/pellets, liquids or gases) water, petroleum, chemicals,
petrochemical, gases and other products over long distances under gravity or pressure.
3.7.7.1 Power Generators
Power plants may be captive or feeding into a grid
3.7.7.1.1 Solar Power Plants
Solar power generating units, connected to a grid, needs large tracts of land.
3.7.7.1.2 Thermal (Coal) Power Plants
Coal based thermal power generating units, connected to grid, needs large tracts of land, rail siding, storage
facilities and water.
3.7.7.1.3 Thermal (Gas) Power Plants
Gas based thermal power generating units, connected to a grid, needs large tracts of land, rail
siding/transmission line, storage facilities and water.
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3.7.7.1.4 Wind Farms
Wind based power generating units, connected to a grid, needs large tracts of land for higher capacities, can
coexist with other land uses.
3.7.7.1.5 Tidal Power Farms
Tidal energy based power generating units, connected to a grid, along coastlines and creeks (tidal).
3.7.7.1.6 Nuclear Power Plants
Nuclear based power generating units, connected to a grid, needs large tracts of land, fuel enrichment &
disposal units and lots of water. Have a lot of security and strategic concerns as well.
3.7.7.2 Power Grid/Sub-stations
Power grids (national/state) along with substations needs a network of transmission lines and are present
in each taluka/tehsil.
3.7.7.3 Power Transmission Lines
Power transmission lines to connect generators and grid as well as consumers needs contiguous long strips
of land with buffer on both sides, may cross roads and other railway lines.
The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (Erstwhile Ministry of Urban Development), under multiple
schemes of development as well as NIUS GIS platform, has recommended multiple land uses based on
scales of planning for urban land use planning purposes.
Traditionally, planning started in settlement areas, when the agrarian settlements started becoming larger
and the broad basing of economy led to urbanisation of settlements. Hence, the definitions of the land uses
within settlements are well accepted. The Urban and Regional Development Plan Formulation and
Implementation Guidelines (URDPFI guidelines) provide for a detailed breakup of land use categories for
urban areas, which is generally acceptable by all states with minor modification on case to case basis.
This section emphasises on the fact that at regional level planning it is highly unlikely that the sub categories
of urban or rural settlements are visible. Nonetheless, they would be important in terms of upward and
downward linkages in terms of master plans and detailed local area plans. Hence, this section details out
the sub-category and attempts to link each smaller land use as a function of larger aspect vis.
Rural Settlement: Simplest form of a settlement with least number of components
Urbanisable Settlements/Settlement Expansion: These settlements reflect rural character with certain
traits of urban settlements. They are more complex than rural settlements but less complex than urban
settlements
Urban Settlement: Most complex form of settlement, any component as reflected in the lower level
hierarchy would be part of this level. All component as mentioned in the urban settlements may not
be part of all urban settlements (smaller towns), however, as the town grows and start getting converted
to important urban centres/cities, the list of components keeps increasing.
Settlements have been broadly categorised in eight components in terms of land uses at plot level.
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This can be further understood in terms of following sub-components:
Subcomponents Rural Urbanisable Urban
High Density Residential High Rise Apartment/Flat ■
Medium Density
Residential
Medium Rise Apartment/Flat ■ ■
Low Density Residential Low Rise Apartment/Flat ■ ■
Row House ■ ■
Plotted Development/Bungalow ■ ■ ■
Farmhouse ■ ■ ■
Other Residential EWS Housing ■ ■ ■
Township/Large Gated
Communities
■ ■
Slum and Squatter ■ ■ ■
This can be further understood in terms of following sub-components:
Subcomponents Rural Urbanisable Urban
Mall/Multiplex ■
Shopping Center/Arcade ■ ■
Individual Shop/Market ■ ■
Hotel/Resort/Inn/Lodging ■ ■
Restaurant/Eatery ■ ■ ■
Garden Restaurant/Marriage Hall/Garden ■ ■
Corporate Building ■
Large office Building ■ ■
Small office Building ■ ■ ■
Vehicle Servicing and Garage ■ ■ ■
Tuition/Training Centre ■ ■
This can be further understood in terms of following sub-components:
Subcomponents Rural Urbanisable Urban
Commercial (Ground Floor Only) ■ ■ ■
Commercial (Upto First Floor) ■ ■
Commercial (Upto Second Floor) ■ ■
Commercial (Upto Third Floor) ■
Others ■
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This can be further understood in terms of following sub-components:
Subcomponents Rural Urbanisable Urban
Service Industry ■
Light Industry ■ ■ ■
Medium Industry ■ ■
Heavy Industry ■ ■
Hazardous Industry ■ ■
Industrial Logistics ■ ■
This can be further understood in terms of following sub-components:
This can be further understood in terms of following sub-components:
Subcomponents Rural Urbanisable Urban
River Front ■
Lake Front ■ ■ ■
Beach Front ■ ■ ■
Amusement Park ■ ■
Playground ■ ■ ■
Stadium/Sports Facility ■ ■
Swimming Pool ■
Historical Monument ■ ■ ■
Museum ■
Cinema Hall ■ ■
Concert Hall/Amphitheatre ■
Exhibition Hall/Ground ■ ■
Art Gallery ■
Library ■ ■ ■
Community Hall ■ ■ ■
Food Bazaar/Haat ■ ■ ■
Subcomponents Rural Urbanisable Urban
Educational Aanganwadi/Kindergarten ■ ■ ■
Primary School ■ ■ ■
Secondary School ■ ■ ■
Higher Secondary School ■ ■
Madrasa ■ ■ ■
Skill Development Centre ■ ■ ■
Polytechnic ■ ■
College (General Streams) ■ ■
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Technical College ■
Medical College ■
University ■ ■
Medical Primary Health Centre ■ ■ ■
Private Clinic ■ ■
Community Health Centre ■ ■
Nursing Home ■ ■
Hospital ■ ■
Medical College ■
Multi-Speciality Hospital ■
Super Speciality Hospital ■
Primary Health Centre ■
Religious Temple ■ ■ ■
Derasar ■ ■ ■
Church ■ ■ ■
Mosque ■ ■ ■
Gurudwara ■ ■ ■
Monastry ■ ■ ■
Ashram ■ ■ ■
Missionary ■ ■ ■
Others ■ ■ ■
Defence/Security Army Cantonment ■ ○
Airforce Cantonment ■ ○
Border Security Force Establishment ■ ○
Other Para Military Establishment ■ ○
Police Headquarter ■
Police Barrack ■ ■
Police Station ■ ■ ■
Others ■ ■ ■
Institutions Central Government Office ○ ■
State Government Office ○ ■
Local Body Office ■ ■ ■
Civic Center ■ ○ ■
Research Institute ■ ■ ■
Bank/ATM/Finance ■ ■ ■
Firefighting Station ■
Fuel Station ■ ■ ■
Others ■ ■ ■
Communications Post Office ■
Telephone Office ■
Telegraph Office ■
Radio/TV Station ■ ■
Others ■ ■
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This can be further understood in terms of following sub-components:
This can be further understood in terms of following sub-components:
Subcomponents Rural Urbanisable Urban
Water and
Sanitation
Utilities
Water Treatment Plant ○ ■
Water Reservoir (OHT/UGT) ○ ○ ■
Public Stand Post ■ ■ ■
Water Harvesting Structure ○ ○ ■
Water ATM/Community RO ○ ○ ■
Public Toilet/Convenience ■ ■ ■
Sewage Treatment Pant ○ ○ ■
Solid Waste
Management
Utilities
Waste Management Bin ■ ■ ■
Waste Transfer Station ■ ■ ■
Waste Processing Unit ○ ■ ■
Landfill/Waste Dumping Ground ○ ○ ■
Electric
Utilities
Power Generation Plant/Unit ○ ○ ○
Electric Sub-Station ○ ■ ■
Electric Tower ■ ■ ■
Transformer ■ ■ ■
Others ■ ■ ■
Transportation Bus Station/Stand/Stop ○ ■ ■
City Bus Terminal ■
City Bus Depot/Workshop ○
Intercity Bus Terminal/Depot ○ ○
Metro/Rapid Transit Station ○ ○
Railway Station ○ ○ ■
Railway Workshop ○
Airport/Airstrip/Heliport ○ ○ ○
Intermediate Public Transport Parking ○ ■ ■
Private Vehicle Parking ○ ■ ■
Cycle Stand/Hike a Ride ○ ■ ■
Others ○ ■ ■
Subcomponents Rural Urbanisable Urban
Ecosystem Service
Areas
Forest/Tree Cover ■ ○ ■
Water Body ■ ■ ■
Park and Garden ○ ○ ■
Pastures/Grazing (Grassland) ■ ○ ○
Disaster Buffer Zone ■ ○ ■
Others Waste Land ■ ○ ○
Agricultural Land ■ ■ ○
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Availability of a reliable database on the wastelands of the country is pre-requisite before embarking upon
planning strategies for their development. Information on the extent, nature and location wastelands helps
in designing interventions targeted at the resource-poor sections of the rural population. Department of
Land Resources (DoLR), Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) has undertaken a study jointly with
National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), a part of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) for carrying
out the mapping of wastelands in entire country in phases, using remote sensing technology.
The results of study were published in ‘Wastelands Atlas of India 2010’. As per this study, the spatial extent
of wastelands was estimated at 47.22 million hectares, constituting 14.91 per cent of total geographic area
of the country. Classification system of 23 categories of wastelands and three-season satellite data was
adopted in the Wasteland Atlas 2010.
It is important to note that the categories as mentioned in this report can be easily categories into rest of
the land uses as mentioned above. It is envisaged that once the planning of wastelands is undertaken, the
entire areas categorised as wasteland as on date in the country would be allocated to a more relevant
categorisation of land use.
The following sections provide for the sub-categories of wasteland as mentioned in the Wasteland Atlas of
India 2010.
Ravines are an extensive system of gullies (perceptible channels formed due to surface run-off causing
undulating terrains) developed along river courses and are commonly found in sloping lands.
3.9.1.1 Gullied and/or Ravine Land (Medium;
They have a depth ranging from 2.5m to 5m.
3.9.1.2 Gullied and/or Ravine Land (Deep)
They have a depth of more than 5m.
Possess shallow and skeletal soils, at times chemically degraded, extremes of slopes, severely eroded and
lands subjected to excessive aridity with scrubs dominating the landscape. Tendency for intermixing with
cropped areas.
3.9.2.1 Land with Dense Scrub
Vegetal cover is often more than 15 per cent. Associated with moderate slopes in plains and foot- hills and
are generally surrounded by agricultural lands.
3.9.2.2 Land with Open Scrub
Sparse Vegetation cover - generally less than 15 per cent/devoid of scrub. Generally prone to deterioration
due to erosion and has thin soil cover. Associated with moderate slopes in plains and foothills, generally
surrounded by agricultural lands
Mining Land ○ ■ ■
Vacant Plot/Layout ○ ■ ■
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Waterlogged land is that land where the water is at/or near the surface and water stands for most of the
year. Marsh is a land, which is permanently or periodically inundated by water and is characterised by
vegetation, which includes water and reeds.
3.9.3.1 Waterlogged and Marshy Land (Permanent)
The duration of water logging is for at least 6 months or more in a year.
3.9.3.2 Waterlogged and Marshy Land (Seasonal)
The duration of water logging is less than 6 months in a year.
They have adverse effect on the growth of most plants due to action or presence of excess soluble salts
(saline) or high exchangeable sodium.
3.9.4.1 Land Affected by Salinity/Alkalinity (Strong)
These patches appear bright white in colour. These lands do not support any kind of vegetation during any
season. Chemically, their Electrical Conductivity (EC) levels (dS/m) are more than 30, pH more than 9.8
and Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) is more than 40.
3.9.4.2 Land Affected by Salinity/Alkalinity (Moderate)
These patches appear dull white to light red in tone and are often associated with some scrub vegetation or
salt resistant crop during kharif season. Chemically, their Electrical Conductivity (EC) levels (dS/m) are
between 8 and 30, pH between 9 and 9.8 and Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) is between 15 and
40.
Growing crops on forested/vegetated h and burn' method. Commonly observed practice in the North-
Eastern states, parts of Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and the tribal areas of Chhattisgarh. Small, scattered
patches, irregular in shape, non-contiguous and dispersed and located on hill slopes. Associated with
mountainous/hilly areas midst forest cover and forest cleared areas.
3.9.5.1 Shifting Cultivation (Current Jhum)
Currently used for cultivation and are clearly perceptible on the current season satellite image that are in
pre-burnt /post-burnt condition.
3.9.5.2 Shifting Cultivation (Abandoned Jhum)
Areas that were under shifting cultivation, left idle for more than one year but less than 5 years thereby
giving a scope for regeneration of secondary vegetation, especially bamboo or grasses. Has a tendency to
get mixed with forested areas.
3.9.6.1 Underutilised/Degraded Forest (Scrub dominated)
Lands within Notified Forest boundaries, with various types of forest cover, in which vegetative cover is
less than 20 per cent are classified as degraded/underutilised. These lands are generally confined to the
fringe areas
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3.9.6.2 Underutilised/Degraded Forest (Agriculture)
Areas within Notified Forest boundaries, where regular agricultural activities are practiced with Kharif, Rabi
or Zaid seasonal crops.
3.9.6.3 Degraded Pastures/Grazing Land
Areas in non-forest areas, (permanent pastures or meadows), which have become degraded due to lack of
proper soil conservation and drainage measures. They are small in size, irregular in shape, scattered and
associated with village fringes and flood plains.
3.9.6.4 Degraded Land under Plantation Crops
Degraded areas that sustain the growth of plantation crops located outside -the notified forest areas. These
are small in shape exhibiting a regular pattern and are scattered.
Areas with stabilised accumulation of sand, vary in size, with regular to irregular shapes with contiguous to
linear pattern.
3.9.7.1 Sands (Coastal)
Accumulated as a strip along the seacoast.
3.9.7.2 Sands (Riverine)
Accumulations outside the river banks, usually in active flood plains as sheets, which are the resultant
phenomena of river flooding. These are generally covered by either scrub or crops.
3.9.7.3 Sands (Dessertic)
Confined to arid environment where rainfall is scanty. These lands are characterised by accumulation of
sand developed in situ or transported by Aeolian processes.
3.9.7.4 Sands (Semi Stabilised)
Dessertic sandy areas with stabilised to semi-stabilised dunes which are 15 - 40m high with presence of
hardy and sparse vegetation.
3.9.7.5 Sands (Stabilised)
Active sand dune areas with semi-stabilised to shifting sand dunes which are more than 40m high. Their
shapes and sises vary, depending upon prevailing wind conditions. These areas rarely support any
vegetation.
Areas where large-scale mining operations bring about the degradation of land and resultant mine dumps
and industrial wastelands, degraded due to large scale industrial effluent discharges. They are small to
medium in size, depending on the extent of mining area, irregular in shape, located at or near active mining
areas and industrial complexes. Generally associated with transportation lines especially railways and roads.
It includes surface rocks, stone quarries, sand and gravel pits, brick kilns, etc.
3.9.8.1 Industrial Waste Land
Stockpiles of storage dump of industrial raw materials or slag/effluents or waste material or quarried/mixed
debris from earth's surface, generally found near urban areas and industrial areas.
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3.9.8.2 Mining Waste Land
Areas where waste debris is accumulated after extraction of required mineral. Generally confined to
surroundings of mining area.
3.9.9.1 Barren/Rocky/Stony Waste
Rock exposures of varying lithology often barren and devoid of soil and vegetation cover. Occur amidst
hill-forests as openings or isolated exposures on plateau and plains. Located in steep isolated hillocks/hill
slopes, crests, plateau and eroded plains associated with barren and exposed rocky/stony wastes, lateritic
out-crops, mining and quarrying sites
Areas under snow cover confined to the Himalayan region. They possess irregular shape with a contiguous
pattern, located in mountain peaks and slopes and high relief areas.
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Various ministries and departments at the National as well as the State Government maintain information
on existing land use statistics for their own planning purposes. It is important to understand how these
statistics look together at various levels of governance. Such a collation of land use statistics and
envisaged/proposed plans is expected to give an interesting insight into the land use scenario for the state
as well as the challenges ahead.
Currently, it is difficult to collate all the information as maintained by different departments into a single
unified structure. As we have seen, different departments have different definitions of land uses suitable
for focused and sectoral planning. Hence, this section does not attempt to converge the land use statistics
as maintained by different departments.
Availability of timely and reliable statistics of land utilisation plays an important role in policy formulation.
The Directorate of Economics and Statistics (DES), an attached office of the Department of Agriculture,
Cooperation & Farmers Welfare (DAC&FW), is entrusted with the task of collecting and disseminating
land use statistics by district and state. The DES receives land use statistics by state and district in three
different parts, vis. classification of land, area under irrigation (by source and crop) and area under crops in
the prescribed format from State Agricultural Statistics Authorities (SASA). The SASAs comprises the
following bodies designated to collect land use statistics in each state and union territory in the country:
Directorate of Economics & Statistics/Bureau of Statistics/Planning (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar,
Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Odisha,
Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Dadra & Nagar Haveli,
Daman & Diu and Puducherry (19);
Office of the Land Record & Revenues (Chhattisgarh, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh,
Haryana, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh (7); and
Directorate of Agriculture (Arunachal Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura,
West Bengal, Delhi, Lakshadvveep 10).
Land use statistics is presently available as per the nine-fold classification of land use, which includes
Forest area
Area under non-agricultural use
Barren and un-culturable land
Permanent pasture and other grazing land
Land under miscellaneous tree crops, etc.
Culturable waste land
Fallow lands other than current fallows
Current fallows
Net area sown
Agricultural land consists of net area sown, current fallows, fallow lands other than current fallows, land
under miscellaneous tree crops and culturable waste land. Non-agricultural land includes forest area, area
under non-agricultural use, barren and unculturable land and permanent pasture and other grazing land.
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As per the nine fold classification of land use as maintained by the Ministry of Agriculture in India Odisha
had the following land use classification:
Table 2: Land Use of Odisha
All Figures are in Thousand Hectares
Land Use Area (in thousand ha) Percentage
Total geographical area 15571 NA
Reporting area for land utilisation 15571 100.00
Forests 5813 37.33
Not available for cultivation 2138 13.73
Permanent pastures and other grazing lands 494 3.17
Land under misc. tree crops and groves 342 2.20
Culturable wasteland 375 2.41
Fallow lands other than current fallows 229 1.47
Current fallows 576 3.70
Net area sown 5604 35.99
This data was published on the Government of India Data Portal on February 13, 2014 and can be accessed
at https://data.gov.in/catalog/land-use-pattern.
According to the Chapter 8 - Agriculture in Statistical Year Book of India 2017, the trend in land use pattern
from 2003 to 2014 is mentioned in the table below:
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Table 3: Trend in Land Use Pattern of Odisha (2003 – 2014)
All figures are in Thousand Hectares
Sr. No. Particular/Year 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14
1 Total Geographical Area 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00
2 Reporting Area for Land Utilisation
Pattern (3+4+5+6+7) 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15535.55 15471.55 15367.49 15501.70 15466.62
3 Forests 5813.00 5813.00 5813.00 5813.00 5813.00 5813.00 5813.55 5813.55 5813.55 5813.55 5813.55
4 Not available for cultivation 1842.00 1842.00 1842.00 2138.00 2138.00 2138.00 2306.00 2279.00 2297.00 2409.00 2332.00
4 (a) Area under non-agricultural uses 999.00 999.00 999.00 1298.00 1298.00 1298.00 1230.00 1247.00 1234.00 1305.00 1280.00
4 (b) Barren & unculturable land 843.00 843.00 843.00 840.00 840.00 840.00 1076.00 1032.00 1063.00 1104.00 1052.00
5 Other uncultivated land excluding
Fallow Land 1317.00 1317.00 1317.00 1211.00 1211.00 1211.00 1223.00 1253.00 1244.00 1285.00 1315.00
5 (a) Permanent pastures & other grazing
lands 443.00 443.00 443.00 494.00 494.00 494.00 518.00 513.00 508.00 536.00 524.00
5 (b)
Land under misc. tree crops &
groves (not included in net area
sown)
482.00 482.00 482.00 342.00 342.00 342.00 218.00 220.00 200.00 198.00 216.00
5 (c) Culturable waste land 392.00 392.00 392.00 375.00 375.00 375.00 487.00 520.00 536.00 551.00 575.00
6 Fallow Lands 804.00 860.00 908.00 755.00 785.00 805.00 1432.00 1444.00 1619.00 1608.00 1511.00
6 (a) Fallow lands other than current
fallows 370.00 434.00 434.00 229.00 229.00 229.00 573.00 567.00 622.00 659.00 634.00
6 (b) Current fallows 426.00 426.00 474.00 526.00 556.00 576.00 859.00 877.00 997.00 949.00 877.00
7 Net area Sown 5795.00 5739.00 5691.00 5654.00 5624.00 5604.00 4761.00 4682.00 4393.95 4386.15 4495.07
8 Total Cropped Area 8636.59 8717.92 8928.39 8960.34 9015.82 9070.62 5510.04 5428.78 4964.48 5068.59 5167.66
9 Area sown more than once (8 – 7) 2841.59 2978.92 3237.39 3306.34 3391.82 3466.62 749.04 746.78 570.53 682.44 672.59
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Table 3: Trend in Land Use Pattern of Odisha (2003 – 2014)
All figures are in Thousand Hectares
Sr. No. Particular/Year 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14
10
Agri. Land/Cultivable
land/Culturable land/Arable land
(5b+5c+6+7)
7473.00 7473.00 7473.00 7126.00 7126.00 7126.00 6898.00 6866.00 6748.95 6743.15 6797.07
11 Cultivated land (6b+7) 6165.00 6165.00 6165.00 6180.00 6180.00 6180.00 5620.00 5559.00 5390.95 5335.15 5372.07
12 Un-cultivable land (2 – 10) 8098.00 8098.00 8098.00 8445.00 8445.00 8445.00 8637.55 8605.55 8618.55 8758.55 8669.55
13 Un-cultivated land (2 – 11) 9406.00 9406.00 9406.00 9391.00 9391.00 9391.00 9915.55 9912.55 9976.55 10166.55 10094.55
Source: Chapter 8 - Agriculture in Statistical Year Book of India 2017 (http://mospi.nic.in/statistical-year-book-india/2017/177)
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The cropping pattern for principal crops in Odisha is provided in the table below.
Table 4: Trend in Cropping Pattern of Odisha (2009 – 2016)
All figures are in Thousand Hectares
Particular/Year 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Food Grains 5406.10 5319.00 4922.00 5030.80 5143.29 5165.95 5375.21
Cereals 4538.90 4440.00 4193.00 4203.60 4362.46 4339.63 4078.62
Rice 4365.10 4226.00 4005.00 4022.83 4180.21 4166.26 3943.10
Jowar 9.00 9.00 9.00 7.84 7.46 6.69 6.21
Bajra 2.80 3.00 3.00 2.84 3.03 2.35 2.11
Maize 81.20 117.00 103.00 94.48 95.13 91.67 55.57
Ragi 59.00 66.00 55.00 57.17 56.63 51.48 45.80
Small Millets 17.80 16.00 17.00 17.38 19.32 20.78 25.35
Wheat 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.04 0.68 0.40 0.48
Barley - - - - - - -
Pulses 867.20 879.00 729.00 827.24 780.83 826.32 1294.63
Gram 45.00 42.00 39.00 41.23 47.15 47.25 39.18
Tur 132.90 135.00 142.00 140.87 138.88 137.87 138.29
Urad - - - - 84.81 81.76 437.00
Moong - - - - 251.99 295.40 284.76
Other Pulses 689.30 702.00 548.00 645.14 258.00 264.04 395.40
Oilseeds 292.20 290.00 251.00 243.29 223.38 212.02 178.29
Groundnut 76.30 73.00 66.00 66.35 59.89 48.84 50.81
Seasame 45.50 52.00 27.00 21.72 23.54 25.86 19.45
Rapeseed and Mustard 12.80 16.00 10.00 14.63 13.44 10.12 7.31
Linseed 26.40 21.00 25.00 24.53 22.92 24.01 9.92
Castor Seed 15.90 15.00 13.00 12.54 12.73 10.93 10.45
Soyabean - - - - 0.26 1.06 -
Nigerseed - - - - 64.84 68.90 63.93
Safflower - - - - 0.61 - 0.39
Sunflower - - - - 0.88 0.61 16.03
Cotton 54.00 74.00 102.00 119.00 124.00 127 125
Jute 2.90 2.90 4.00 1.80 1.97 1.06 1.20
Mesta 17.30 16.00 14.00 13.70 12.73 11.78 8.69
Tea - - - - - - -
Coffee - - - 3.50 4.00 4.00 4.00
Natural Rubber (Tapped
area) 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.80 1.10 1.80 -
Banana - 27.00 28.00 27.49 25.06 - -
Sugarcane 8.00 13.00 15.00 14.53 14.21 10.05 8.96
Tobacco - 2.00 2.00 2.00 - - -
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Table 4: Trend in Cropping Pattern of Odisha (2009 – 2016)
All figures are in Thousand Hectares
Particular/Year 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Potato - 14.00 15.00 14.14 14.99 - -
Black Pepper - - - - - - -
Chillies 76.00 76.00 75.60 75.60 75.00 - -
Ginger 17.00 17.00 15.84 15.84 15.84 - -
Coconut 51.00 51.00 54.00 54.29 50.78 - -
Turmeric 25.00 27.00 2.48 2.48 2.48 - -
Source: Chapter 8 - Agriculture in Statistical Year Book of India 2017 (http://mospi.nic.in/statistical-year-book-
india/2017/177)
According to the Pocket Book of Agriculture Statistics, 2016 published by Ministry of Agriculture and
Farmer’s Welfare, Government of India, as on December 25, 2016 the total land area covered under micro-
irrigation in Odisha is 104837.9 ha. Of this total area, 19380.9 ha is under drip irrigation whereas 85457.0
ha of area is under sprinkler type of irrigation.
According to the 19th Livestock Census of 2012 – All India Report, conducted by Department of Animal
Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, the total livestock
population in Odisha decreased from 23.05 million in 2007 to 20.73 million (excluding 1.13 million stray
cattle) in 2012. Among the total livestock, about 56.05 per cent are cattle, 31.41 per cent are goats, 7.63 per
cent are sheep, 3.50 per cent are buffalo and 1.35 per cent are pig besides marginal contribution is attributed
by other livestock species such as camel, mules, donkeys, horses and ponies.
Table 5: Livestock in Odisha
In thousands
Category 2003 2007 2012 % Change from 2007 to 2012
Total Livestock 23391 23057 20732 -10.08
Cattle 13903 12310 11621 -5.59
Exotic/Crossbred 1063 1703 1306 -23.34
Male 328 877 320 -63.56
Female 735 826 986 19.39
Indigenous 12840 10607 10316 -2.75
Male 6838 5579 5503 -1.37
Female 6002 5027 4813 -4.27
Buffalo 1394 1190 726 -38.95
Male 753 601 335 -44.24
Female 641 589 391 -33.55
Bovine 15297 13500 12348 -8.53
Male 7918 7058 6158 -12.75
Female 7378 6442 6190 -3.91
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Table 5: Livestock in Odisha
In thousands
Category 2003 2007 2012 % Change from 2007 to 2012
Sheep 1620 1818 1581 -13.04
Exotic/Crossbred 12 104 11 -89.80
Male 5 86 4.94 -94.25
Female 7 18 5.67 -68.53
Indigenous 1608 1818 1571 -13.62
Male 699 901 541 -39.91
Female 909 917 1029 12.19
Goat 5803 7127 6513 -8.61
Male 1937 3185 2302 -27.74
Female 3866 3942 4211 6.84
Horses & Ponies 0 0.20 3.40 1581.68
Male 0 0.16 1.96 1092.68
Female 0 0.04 1.44 3692.11
Mules 0 0.14 5.63 3895.04
Donkey 9 0.41 0.52 27.56
Male 1 0.25 0.28 15.51
Female 8 0.17 0.24 45.45
Camels 0.00 0.00 0.84 171.43
Male 0.00 0.00 0.02 -
Female 0.00 0.00 0.82 -
Pigs 662 612 280 -54.17
Exotic/Crossbred 96 0 4.26 -
Male 35 0 2.27 -
Female 61 0 1.99 -
Indigenous 566 612 276 -54.86
Male 250 294 119 -59.43
Female 316 318 157 -50.65
Dogs 1086 1144 220 -80.74
Male 615 724 165 -77.21
Female 470 421 55 -86.82
Rabbit 4 5.66 2.50 -55.83
Male 2 2.73 1.28 -53.04
Female 2 2.93 1.22 -58.44
Elephants - 0.03 0.22 696.30
Male - 0.01 0.11 850.00
Female - 0.02 0.10 573.33
POULTRY 17611 20600 19891 -3.44
Fowls 16886 19489 19423 -0.34
Ducks 610 594 366 -38.30
Turkeys & Other Poultry 114 518 101 -80.49
Source: 19th Livestock Census of 2012 – All India Report
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According to the land use statistics as maintained by the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, for
2013-14 the total area under forests in the state of Odisha is 5814 thousand hectare amounting to about
37.58 per cent of the total reporting area for land utilisation of Odisha.
However, The India State of Forest Report 2017 (released recently) indicates otherwise. According to the
India State of Forest Report (2017), based on interpretation of satellite imagery data pertaining to October
– December 2015, forest cover in the state of Odisha is 51,345 sq.km. amounting to about 32.98 per cent
of the State's geographical area. In terms of forest canopy density classes, the state has 6,967 sq.km. under
very dense forest, 21,370 sq.km. under moderately dense forest and 23,008 sq.km. under open forest.
Figure 3: Forest Cover of Odisha
Source: India State of Forest Report 2017
The recorded forest area of the state is 61,204.17 sq km which is 39.31 per cent of the State's geographic
area. The Reserved, Protected and Unclassed Forests are 58.90 per cent, 40.75 per cent and 0.35 per cent
respectively of the recorded forest area. However, as the digitised boundary of recorded forest area from
the State covers 44,603 sq km, the analysis of forest cover within and outside this area is depicted below:
Table 6: Forest Cover Within and Outside Recorded Forest Area
Area in Sq. Km.
Forest Cover within Recorded Forest Area
Very Dense Forest (VDF) 6,082
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Table 6: Forest Cover Within and Outside Recorded Forest Area
Area in Sq. Km.
Forest Cover within Recorded Forest Area
Moderately Dense Forest (MDF) 15,603
Open Forest (OF) 12,431
Total 34,116
Forest Cover outside Recorded Forest Area
Very Dense Forest 885
Moderately Dense Forest 5,767
Open Forest 10,577
Total 17,229
Total Forest Cover 51,345
Tree Cover 3,993
Total Forest & Tree Cover 55,338
Of State's Geographical Area 35.54%
Of India's Forest & Tree Cover 6.90%
Per capita Forest & Tree Cover 0.13 ha
Source: India State of Forest Report 2017
Table 7: Forest Cover in Different Patch Size Classes
Sr. No. Patch Size Range in sq. km. No. of Patches Area (Sq. Km.) Percentage
1 ≥ 0.01 ≤ 1.0 37,175 1,338 2.61
2 >1.0 ≤ 10 1,344 3,690 7.19
3 >10 ≤ 100 174 5,158 10.05
4 >100 ≤ 500 22 4,511 8.79
5 > 500 ≤ 1000 6 4,461 8.69
6 >1000 ≤ 5000 5 14,580 28.40
7 >5000 ≤ 10000 1 5,480 10.67
8 >10000 1 12,127 23.60
Total 38,728 51,345 100
Source: India State of Forest Report 2017
A net increase of 885 sq. km. in the forest cover of the State can be attributed to plantations and
conservation efforts within Recorded forest areas. The negative change observed in some areas is mainly
due to developmental activities. Furthermore, an increase of 57 sq. km. has been observed in the water
body coverage within Forest compared to 2005.
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The State of Odisha has two National Parks and 18 Wild Life Sanctuaries covering a total area of
7959.85sq.km. There are no conservation or community reserves demarcated in the state of Odisha. A list
of the protected area network, their year of notification and the total area covered by them is mentioned in
the table below.
Table 8: Protected Area Network in Odisha
Sr.
No. Name of the PA Year of Notification
Total Area
(sq. km.)
A National Parks 990.70
1 Bhitarkanika NP 1988 145.00
2 Simlipal NP 1980 845.70
B Wildlife Sanctuary 3521.95
1 Badrama WLS 1987 304.03
2 Baisipalli WLS 1981 168.35
3 Balukhand Konark WLS 1984 71.72
4 Bhitarkanika WLS 1975 525.00
5 Chandaka Dampara WLS 1982 175.79
6 Chilika (Nalaban) WLS 1987 15.53
7 Debrigarh WLS 1985 346.91
8 Gahirmatha (Marine) WLS 1997 1,435.00
9 Hadgarh WLS 1980 191.06
10 Karlapat WLS 1982 147.66
11 Khalasuni WLS 1982 116.00
12 Kotagarh WLS 1981 399.50
13 Kuldiha WLS 1984 272.75
14 Lakhari Valley WLS 1985 185.87
15 Nandankanan WLS 1979 14.16
16 Satkosia Gorge WLS 1976 745.52
17 Simlipal WLS 1979 1,354.30
18 Sunabeda WLS 1988 500.00
Source: Protected Area Networks of India, ENVIS Centre on Wildlife & Protected Areas
There are two tiger reserves in Odisha
Satkosia Tiger Reserve created in 2007 with 523.61 sq.km. of core/critical tiger habitat area and has a
440.26 sq.km. of buffer area amounting to a total of 963.87 sq.km.
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Similipal created in 1973 with 1194.75 sq.km. of core/critical tiger habitat area and 1555.25 sq.km. of
buffer area amounting to a total of 2750 sq.km.
The Eastern India Elephant Range is spread over the four states of Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha and
West Bengal. There are three elephant reserves that encompass areas of Odisha. These are:
Mayurbhanj Elephant Reserve notified on September 29, 2001 spread over an area of 3214 sq.km.
of which 1309 sq.km. is part of a protected area.
Marahanadi Elephant Reserve notified on July 20, 2002, spread over an area of 566 sq.km. of which
964 sq.km. is part of a protected area.
Sambalpur Elephant Reserve notified on March 27, 2002 spread over an area of 1457 sq.km. of
which 427 sq.km. is part of a protected area.
Further, the Government of India has approved two more elephant reserves, which are yet to be notified
by the state. These are:
Baitami Elephant Reserve spread over an area of 1755 sq.km.
South Orissa Elephant Reserve spread over an area of 4216 sq.km. of which 750 sq.km. is part of a
protected area.
According to Inskipp 2014, it is reported that there are more than 524 species of birds in Odisha. 12 out of
54 vulnerable species listed for India by IUCN (2014) are found in Odisha. Six of the 73 near threatened
bird species are found in Odisha. For 19 species, the IBAs and protected areas of Odisha are highly
important for survival. There are eight Important Birding Areas in Odisha.
Table 9: Important Bird Areas in Odisha
Sr.
No. IBA Site Names District Area (ha) Ownership Protection Status
1 Bhitarkanika Wildlife
Sanctuary and National Park Kendrapara 81,700 State
Wildlife Sanctuary (established
in April 1975) and National
Park (established in September
1998)
2 Chandaka – Dampara Wildlife
Sanctuary Khurda, Cuttack 17,595 State
Wildlife Sanctuary (established
in December 1982)
3 Nalabana Wildlife Sanctuary
(Chilika Lake)
Khurda, Puri,
Ganjam
1,553
(Nalabana)
and
116,500 ha
(Chilika)
State Wildlife Sanctuary at Nalabana
(established in December 1987)
4 Mangalajodi Khurda 7,038
Revenue Land and
some parts owned
by local people and
community
Not Officially Protected,
However, since last several
years, the local community
supported by
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Table 9: Important Bird Areas in Odisha
Sr.
No. IBA Site Names District Area (ha) Ownership Protection Status
Forest Department, Chilika
Development Authority and
many civil society organisations
have been actively engaged
in bird and habitat
conservation. There are some
efforts on to declare it a
Community Conservation
Reserve.
5 Satkosia Gorge Tiger Reserve Dhenkanal, Cuttack,
Puri, Phulbani 74,552 State
Tiger Reserve (established on
December 31, 2007)
6 Simplipal National Park and
Tiger Reserve Mayurbhanj 84,570 State
Simlipal is part of the
UNESCO World Network of
Biosphere Reserve since 2009.
National Park (Established in
1980) and Tiger reserve
(established in 1973)
7 Sunabeda Wildlife Sanctuary Nuapada 50,000 State Wildlife Sanctuary (established
in July 1988)
8 Hirakund Reservoir and
Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary
Bargarh, Jharsuguda,
Sambalpur
74,600
(manmade
reservoir)
State
Not Officially Protected.
Reservoir included in Hirakund
Wildlife Range of Hirakund
Wildlife Division
Source: Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas in India – Odisha, Priority sites for conservation, Revised and Updated Second Edition Volume
II. Bird Life International and Bombay Natural History Society.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7llECrdHHq7bEZoNnpKLXllbjA/view
The National Wetland Atlas: Odisha jointly prepared by Space Application Centre (ISRO), Ahmedabad
and Odisha Space Application Centre, Bhubaneshwar (September 2010) estimates that the Odisha has
about 12266 wetlands. The total wetland area is estimated to be 690904 ha.
It is further estimated that there are 3111 inland natural wetlands and 7871 inland man-made wetlands
accounting for approximately 34.57 per cent and 31.87 per cent of the total area under wetlands respectively.
Whereas 560 coastal natural wetlands account for about 20.84 per cent and 724 coastal man-made wetlands
account for about 3.14 per cent of total area under wetlands. In addition to these, it is estimated that there
are about 66174 small wetlands (< 2.25 ha) accounting for the balance 9.58 per cent of the total area under
wetlands.
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The table below provides an overview of the wetlands in Odisha.
Table 10: Wetlands in Odisha
Sr.
No. Wetland Category
Number of
wetlands
Total
wetland area
(ha)
%of wetland
area
Open Post-
monsoon area
(ha)
Water Pre-
monsoon area
(ha)
1 Inland Wetlands - Natural
1.1 Lakes/Ponds 4 712 0.10 344 225
1.2 Ox-bow lakes/Cut-off meanders 79 728 0.11 539 558
1.3 High altitude wetlands - - - - -
1.4 Riverine wetlands 133 980 0-14 739 705
1.5 Waterlogged 1158 12925 1.87 4487 4325
1.6 River/Stream 1737 223522 32.35 222592 212960
2 Inland Wetlands -Man-made
2.1 Reservoirs/Barrages 1379 189972 27.50 180240 109975
2.2 Tanks/Ponds 6441 29301 4.24 16293 15829
2.3 Waterlogged 51 934 0.14 672 672
2.4 Saltpans - - - - -
3 Coastal Wetlands - Natural
3.1 Lagoons 7 89023 12.89 60699 52384
3.2 Creeks - - - - -
3.3 Sand/Beach 72 6046 0.88 - -
3.4 Intertidal mud flats 318 25514 3.69 - -
3.5 Salt Marsh - - - - -
3.6 Mangroves 163 23395 3.39 - -
3.7 Coral Reefs - - - - -
4 Coastal Wetlands - Man-made
4.1 Saltpans 2 1726 0.25 1726 1726
4.2 Aquaculture ponds 722 19952 2.89 19951 19951
5 Wetlands (<2.25 ha) 66174 66174 9.58 - -
6 Total 78440 690904 100.00 508282 419310
Source: The National Wetland Atlas: Odisha, jointly prepared by Space Application Centre (ISRO), Ahmedabad and Odisha Space
Application Centre, Bhubaneshwar (September 2010)
Odisha depends largely upon southwest monsoon for its water resources. About 78 per cent of total annual
rainfall occurs during the four months from June to September and the balance 22 per cent in the remaining
period from October to May. Odisha witnesses substantial spatial variation in rainfall i.e. from about 1200
mm in southern coastal plain to about 1700 mm in northern plateau. The long-term average annual rainfall
in the state is 1452 mm, which corresponds to an annual precipitation of about 230.76 billion cubic metres
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(BCM) of water. Of the total precipitation, a part is lost by evaporation & transpiration, a part goes towards
increasing ground water storage and the remaining appears as surface runoff. The groundwater reserve and
surface runoff constitute the water resources of the state.
11
Odisha is endowed with an extensive network of rivers and streams. The average annual availability of
surface water from its own drainage boundary is estimated as 82.841 BCM of which 65.679 BCM of water
can be utilised after considering the topography and geological limitations. Further an inflow of 37.556
BCM is also available annually from neighbouring states through interstate rivers, of which, the utilisable
surface water resources is estimated as 29.861 BCM. As assessment of water availability by the year 2051,
as conducted by the department of water resources reveals that the surface water availability from its own
drainage boundary remains more or less same, but the inflow of surface water from neighbouring states
will be reduced from 37.556 BCM to 25.272 BCM.
There are 11 major river basins in the State, with three of them having outside state flow of water. Together,
the river basins account for about 2385 completed reservoir projects accounting for a total capacity of 17.24
BCM. The storage reservoirs are further classified as seven major reservoirs (14.86 BCM), 38 medium
reservoirs (1.53 BCM) and 2340 minor reservoirs (0.85 BCM). There are four major reservoirs (1.36 BCM)
and nine medium reservoirs (0.41 BCM) under construction amounting to a total of thirteen projects (under
construction) accounting for an addition of 1.77 BCM in the states storage capacity.
There are eleven major rivers flowing in Odisha, of which Mahandi is the longest and Bahuda is the shortest.
The river systems and the drainage areas are mentioned in the table below:
Table 11: Odisha River Systems and Drainage Area
Basin
Catchment Area
Total Area (sq.km.)
Area Within Odisha (sq.km.)
Percentage of Total Geographical Area
Mahanadi 141134 65628 42.15%
Brahmani 39116 22516 14.46%
Baitarani 14218 13482 8.66%
Budhabalanga & Jambhira 6691 6354 4.08%
Subemarekha 19277 2983 1.92%
Rushikulya 8963 8963 5.76%
Indravati 41700 7400 4.75%
Kolab 20427 10300 6.61%
Vamsadhara 11377 8960 5.75%
Nagabali 9275 4500 2.89%
Bahuda 1118 890 0.57%
Area draining directly to sea 3731 2.40%
Total 313296 155707 100.00%
Source: Annual Report (2015-16), Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha
11 Annual Report (2015-16), Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha
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Figure 4: River Basins of Odisha
Source: Annual Report (2015-16), Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha
The rivers of Odisha are mainly rain-fed. Brief details of the rivers are given below
4.6.2.1 Mahandi
It originates in Amarkantak hills of Bastar Plateau near Pharasiya village in Raipur district of Chhatisgarh.
The river traverses a total distance of 851 km (in Odisha - 494 km.) and falls into the Bay of Bengal. The
important tributaries of Mahandi inside Odisha are lb, Ong, Tel, Jira, Bagh, Salki, Kuanria, Hariharjore,
Sagada, Ret, Hati, Indra, Suktel, Utei, Remal, Udanti, Lanth, Sapua etc. The Major branches and sub-
branches of Mahanadi are Kathajodi, Birupa, Kuakhai, Daya, Bhargavi, Kushabhadra, Biluakhai, Devi,
Kandala, Chitrotpala, Luna, Karandia, Paika and Badagenguti. All the major branches and sub-branches
including Mahanadi falls into Bay of Bengal except Daya & Bhargavi which fall into Chilika Lake.
4.6.2.2 Brahmani
It is the second largest river in Odisha. Two major rivers, Sankh and Koel, originate from Chhotanagpur
Plateau and join at Vedavyasa near Rourkela in Sundargarh district of Odisha to form a major river called
the Brahmani. It flows through Sundargarh, Keonjhar, Dhenkanal, Cuttack and Jajpur districts in the
Coastal Plains and enters into the Bay of Bengal at Dhamra. Brahmani is 799 km long. There are 45 major
tributaries of Brahmani, of which the important ones are Sankha, Chandrinalla, Katangamundanalla,
Rukura, Badjore, Kaunishnalla, Kalanalla, Usthalinalla, Chudakhainallah, Gohira, Chilanti, Tikira,
Singadajore, Bangaru, Nandiranalla, Nigra, Bangusinghanalla, Barha, Daunri, Kumaria, Kelua, Birupa,
Hansua, Kharsuan, Patasala in right side and Koel, Suidihi, Champalijore, Kuradihi, Amrudi, Korapani,
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Mankada, Ambahari, Samakoi, Gambhiria, Raijore, Indrajeet, Ramiala, Pandra, Kharasuan, Daudi in the left
side.
4.6.2.3 Baitarani
It rises from Gonasika in Guptaganga hills of Keonjhar district. The river traverses a total distance of 360km
before falling into the Bay of Bengal. There are 64 large, medium and small tributaries, out of which 35 join
on the left side and 29 join on the right side of the river. The main tributaries are Kangira, Ardei, Khairi
Bhandan, Deo, Kanjhari, Sita, Musal, Kusei and Salandi. Salandi originates from Meghasani hills of Similipal
in Mayurbhanja district. It flows a distance of 144 km with a catchment area of 1800 sq. km.
4.6.2.4 Subarnarekha
It originates near Nagri village of Chhotnagpur plateau in Jharkhand. Total length of the river from its
origin to its outfall into Bay of Bengal is 446.12 km, including 79 km inside Odisha. The prominent
tributaries of Subarnarekha are Raru, Kanchi, Damra, Karru, Kharkhai, Chinguru, Karakari, Gurma, Garra,
Singaduba, Kodia, Dulunga and Khaijori.
4.6.2.5 Budhabalanga
Budhabalanga originates from Similipal range of hills in Maytubhanj district and travels a total length of
198.75 km. before it emptying into Bay of Bengal. The prominent tributaries of Budhabalanga are Palapala,
Sunei, Kalo, Sanjo, Deo, Gangahari and Katra.
4.6.2.6 Jamblura
It originates from Chandra Reserve forest in Mayurbhanj district and travels a total length of 90 km before
it finally falls in Bay of Bengal. The prominent tributaries of river Jambhira are Mahanti, Gulfa, Surudi,
Murli, Saan, Bans and Hansakara.
4.6.2.7 Rushikulya
It rises from Rushyamala hills of Eastern Ghats in Kandhamal district and flows in the south east direction
and falls into Bay of Bengal near Chattrapur. The prominent tributaries of Rushikulya are Padma,
Boringanalla, Joro, Badanadi, Baghua, Dhanei and Ghodhado. It has no delta in its mouth.
4.6.2.8 Bahuda
It rises near village Luba from the Singharaj lulls of the Eastern Ghats in Gajapati district. It flows in the
north east direction up to 55 km, south east direction for 17 km in Odisha before entering Andhra Pradesh
to flow for 15 km. Then it turns in Xortheast direction for 6 km in Odisha before meeting the Bay of Bengal
near the village Stmapurapeta, Odisha. The river traverses a total length of 96 km & the prominent
tributaries are Poichandia, Bogiriadi, Batrada Xalla & Kantajura Nalla.
4.6.2.9 Vansadhara
It originates from the flanks of Durgakangar hills (Lingaraj hills) of Eastern Ghats in Kalahandi district.
The river traverses a total distance of 239 km before its outfall into Bay of Bengal in Andhra Pradesh. The
prominent tributaries of river Vansadhara are Bhangi, Pedagoda on right side and Badanalla, Chauladhua,
Pandaka Nalla, Badajhar, Harbhangi, Sananadi, Mahendratanaya on left side.
4.6.2.10 Nagabali
It originates from Bijipur hills of Eastern Ghats near village Lakhabahal in Kalahandi district. The total
length of the river is 217 km of which 125 km. lies in Odisha and remaining portion in Andhra Pradesh.
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The prominent tributaries are Pitadar, Datteibannda, Sananadi, Barha, Baldiya, Sat, Sitagura, Ghora,
Sitaghera, Srikona, Bonamarha, Errigeda and Jhanjhabati.
4.6.2.11 Indravati
It originates from Eastern Ghats of Dandakaranya range in Kalahandi district & flows in a westerly
direction; enters into Jagdalpur district in Chhatisgarh state. It further traverses in the westerly direction &
thereafter in southern direction before finally meeting river Godavari at the border of Maharastra,
Chhatisgarh & Andhra Pradesh. The major tributaries of river Indravati are Keshadhara, Kandabindha,
Chandragiri, Golagar, Poragarh, Kapur, Muran, Bangui, Telengi, Parlijori, Turi, Chotuijori, Damayanti
Sayarh, Kora, Modang, Padriktuidijori, Jatua & Bhaskel.
4.6.2.12 Kolab
It originates from Sinkaran hills of Eastern Ghats in Koraput district and finally meets Godavari in Andhra
Pradesh. The prominent tributaries of Kolab are Karandi, Guradi, Kangar, Garia, Dharmageda, Jam,
Malengar, Mulervagu, Potteru Vagu, Machhakund, Sileru.
12
The Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha undertakes regular ground water resources
assessment at an interval of every five years following the norms and methodology as prescribed by the
Ground Water Estimation Committee (GEC) of Government of India. As per the latest available
assessment (March 2013), the state has net dynamic ground water resources of 16.689 BCM of which
exploration to the extent of 5.02 BCM has been made for various uses. The basin wise ground water
resources and its utilisation is given in the table below:
Table 12: Odisha Ground Water Resources and Sectoral Utilisation
Sr. No.
Basin
Ground Water
Resources (MCM)
Sectoral Ground Water Utilisation March 2013
Stage of Ground Water Development (percentage)
Irrigation (MCM)
Domestic (MCM)
Industrial (MCM)
Total (MCM)
A. River Basin
1 Bahuda 110.23 30.9 5.71 0 36.61 33.21%
2 Baitarani 1672.15 592.75 56.75 21.47 670.97 40.13%
3 Bansadhara 724.02 131.02 22.25 0.08 153.35 21.18%
4 Brahmani 1980.33 526.86 90.61 24.83 642.3 32.43%
5 Budhabalanga 839.57 273.02 32.63 14.12 319.77 38.09%
6 Indravati 559.12 61.53 31.36 0.2 93.09 16.65%
7 Jambhira 386.34 167.05 13.78 0 180.83 46.81%
8 Kolab 753.43 66.73 25.85 0 92.58 12.29%
9 Mahanadi 6854.77 1526.28 372.54 22.62 1921.44 28.03%
10 Nagabali 261.67 31.09 13.36 0.49 44.94 17.17%
11 Rushikulya 1179.1 280.68 62.75 4.84 348.27 29.54%
12 Subernarekha 598.55 193.03 21.23 0 214.26 35.80%
B Area draining directly to sea
12 Annual Report (2015-16), Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha
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Table 12: Odisha Ground Water Resources and Sectoral Utilisation
Sr. No.
Basin
Ground Water
Resources (MCM)
Sectoral Ground Water Utilisation March 2013
Stage of Ground Water Development (percentage)
Irrigation (MCM)
Domestic (MCM)
Industrial (MCM)
Total (MCM)
13 Chilika 273.72 44.6 12.54 0.37 57.51 21.01%
14 Kansabansa 496.14 220.34 15.65 7.11 243.1 49.00%
State Total 16689.14 4145.88 777.01 96.13 5019.02 30.07%
Source: Annual Report (2015-16), Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha
Odisha has a cultivated land area of 6.18 million hectares. The water resources department has assessed
that about 4.99 million hectares can be brought under irrigation coverage through major, medium and
minor (flow & lift) irrigation projects in Odisha of which 3.647 million hectares have been covered till 2016
wherein Major and Medium irrigation facilities collectively account for 1.4 million hectares, minor (flow)
account for 630 thousand hectares, minor (lift) & bore wells account for 904 thousand hectares, and the
rest (711 thousand hectares) is taken care of by other sources. The total irrigation potential created and
utilised for Kariff and Rabi Crops since 2001 is shown in the table below:
Table 13: Odisha Irrigation Potential Created and Utilised
All figures are in thousand hectares
Year Irrigation Potential Created Irrigation Potential Utilised Percentage
Utilisation Khariff Rabi Total Khariff Rabi Total
2000-01 2533.83 1071.99 3605.82 1589.88 535.84 2125.72 58.95%
2001-02 2554.26 1117.63 3671.89 1752.27 793.64 2545.91 69.34%
2002-03 2608.59 1123.75 3732.34 1246.81 465.21 1712.02 45.87%
2003-04 2674.12 1161.21 3835.33 1737.49 780.87 2518.36 65.66%
2004-05 2707.27 1266.22 3973.49 1845.79 844.87 2690.66 67.72%
2005-06 2731.5 1294.92 4026.42 1922.7 1042.79 2965.49 73.65%
2006-07 2720.46 1318.52 4038.98 2001.98 1147.47 3149.45 77.98%
2007-08 2765.73 1342.06 4107.79 2027 1281.46 3308.46 80.54%
200S-09 2867.01 1407.18 4274.19 2081.13 1096.03 3177.16 74.33%
2009-10 2962.21 1476.81 4439.02 2058.85 979.67 3038.52 68.45%
2010-11 3035.85 1477.97 4513.82 2085.21 1020.7 3105.91 68.81%
2011-12 3089.34 1501.43 4590.77 2078.9 1009.18 3088.08 67.27%
2012-13 3130.51 1573.56 4704.07 2186.86 1178.73 3365.59 71.55%
2013-14 3352.94 1651.79 5004.73 2253.67 1267.35 3521.02 70.35%
Source: Annual Report (2015-16), Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha
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According to the Waste Land Atlas of India (2011) prepared by National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian
Space Research Organisation on behalf of Department of Land Resources, Ministry of Rural Development,
Government of India, Odisha has a total waste land area of 16425.75 sq.km. amounting to approximately
10.55 per cent of the total geographic area of the state. It is interesting to note that there has been a
reduction of about 223 sq.km. of area from 16648.27 sq.km. in 2005-06 to 16425.76 sq.km. in 2008-09
under wasteland categorisation as per the Waste Land Atlas of India (2011).
The overall reduction in wasteland area in the state during the period of study was 222.51 sq.km., with
'gullied land' and land with dense scrub recording a significant decrease in area (239.91 sq.km. and 286.90
sq.km. respectively), while 'degraded forest-scrub dominant' and land with open scrub recording significant
increase in area (341.19 sq.km. and 208.12 sq.km respectively)
Table 14: Waste Land in Odisha
All figures are in square kilometres
WL Class Waste Land Classification 2005-06 2008-09 Change
1 Gullied and/or ravinous land (Medium) 671.19 431.29 -239.91
2 Gullied and/or ravinous land (Deep) 0 0 0
3 Land with Dense Scrub 5445.08 5158.18 -286.9
4 Land with Open Scrub 1383.29 1591.41 208.12
5 Waterlogged and Marshy land (Permanent) 424.04 333.46 -90.58
6 Waterlogged and Marshy land (Seasonal) 35.56 68.95 33.39
7 Land affected by salinity/alkalinity (Medium) 8.47 5.36 -3.11
8 Land affected by salinity/alkalinity (Strong) 23.09 20.76 -2.32
9 Shifting Cultivation - Current Jhum 1023.83 874.7 -149.13
10 Shifting Cultivation -Abandoned Jhum 421.61 563.44 141.83
11 Under-utilised/degraded forest (Scrub domin) 4781.34 5122.53 341.19
12 Under-utilised/degraded forest (Agriculture) 1842.28 1677.57 -164.71
13 Degraded pastures/grazing land 0 1.42 1.42
14 Degraded land under plantation crop 1.88 0 -1.88
15 Sands-Riverine 2.79 2.53 -0.26
16 Sands-Coastal 34.15 23.14 -11.01
17 Sands-Desertic 0 0 0
18 Sands-Semi Stabilised-Stabilised >40m 0 0 0
19 Sands-Semi Stabilised-Stabilised 15-40m 0 0 0
20 Mining Wastelands 7.9 7.96 0.06
21 Industrial wastelands 10.67 10.75 0.08
22 Barren Rocky/Stony waste 531.11 532.31 1.21
23 Snow covered /Glacial area 0 0 0
Total Waste Land 16648.27 16425.76 -222.51
Source: Waste Land Atlas of India (2011)
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The presence of the complex governance systems with multiple sectoral departments means that each of these departments is in-charge of various development
measures. It is highly likely that each department has specific policies or other forms of guiding documents for planning interventions. Some of these policies/guiding
documents are expected to directly have an impact on land use, whereas some of them would result in planning processes that affect eventual land use (indirect
impact on land use). As most of the departments have such policies in force and decisions are made abiding by these documents, it is important to understand and
consider them during the formulation of the land use planning policy for the state.
The Government of Odisha firmly believes that planning, evaluation and statistical services are essential for planning growth and development. Hence, there is a
specific focus on preparation of policies for each department and its regular updating based on monitoring and reviewing expenditure in state plan schemes for better
governance of the State. The Planning and Convergence Department plays a pivotal role in creating convergence between these policies and budgetary allocations as
part of the overall governance in the State.
A brief assessment of available documents and policies of key departments and themes/different sectors, considering various land uses is presented in the sections
below.
Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
State Agriculture Policy (2013)
The Government of Odisha declared ... stimulated the growth of private lift irrigation and
agro industries... The State Agricultural Policy - 2013 is another step in the same direction.
It will further the renaissance of agriculture... Almost 70 per cent population of the State is
dependent on agriculture. The agriculture sector contributes only about 16 per cent of the
Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP)... More public investment in agriculture is the
present requirement as private investment in agriculture would take time ... continue to be
the engine of broad-based economic growth and development as well as of natural resources
conservation, leave alone food security and poverty alleviation... A wholesome policy
framework for the benefit of the farmers of the State is in place since 2008 with a focus
Page 1 The state recognises that 70 per cent workforce
contributes only 16 per cent of its GSDP, leading to
extreme levels of income disparities.
The state emphasises on importance of public
investment as against private investment to enhance and
improve agricultural sector.
The state wants to integrate the socio-economic aspects
of farmer’s welfare instead of only production led
targets.
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
more on the economic wellbeing of the farmers, rather than just on production and growth.
It has helped the State to achieve a consistent growth in agriculture during the Eleventh
Plan. The new State Agriculture Policy will serve the State following the same broad
contours laid down in the State Agriculture Policy - 2008.
The State has about 64.09 lakh hectares of cultivable area... About 40.17 lakh hectares …
has acidic soil and approx. 4.00 lakh hectares of area suffers from salinity. That apart, nearly
3.00 lakh hectares of cultivable area suffers from water logging… The average size of land
holding in the State is 1.25 ha. Small and marginal farmers constitute about 83 per cent of
the farming community... The State is divided into 10 agro-climatic zones... Rice is the main
crop... characterised by low productivity ... problematic soil ... lack of assured irrigation, low
seed replacement rate, low level of fertiliser consumption... low levels of mechanisation...
Horticulture becoming popular in hilly district areas ... insufficient investments by farmers
and other agronomic practices and want of marketing facilities
Page 3 Soil Acidity, salinity and water logging are major
challenges
Small land holding sizes - high disparity in land holding
size
There are 10 agro-climatic zones
Focus on increasing modernisation in agriculture
Promotion of Horticulture
Q: Does the state have any index on rating quality of
agricultural land?
Q: If yes, what are the parameters?
Q: If no, what could be the parameters?
Objectives
Agriculture in Odisha still depends on the small and marginal farmers... low productivity due
to traditional agricultural practices, inadequate capital formation and low investment,
inadequate irrigation facilities, low water use efficiency, uneconomic size of holding, etc...
main objectives...
... shift from ... subsistence ... profitable commercial agriculture...
To enhance productivity of important crops by enhancing seed replacement, availability
of quality planting materials, INM, IPM, water management, farm mechanization and
technology transfer
To encourage crop substitution particularly in uplands and medium lands
To focus on horticultural crops including dry-land horticulture;
To focus on poultry, dairy and fisheries to augment the income of the farmers
... modern farming system approach
Page 5 Focus on:
Increasing productivity
Crop diversification
Investment in irrigation, seed replacement, farm
mechanisation etc.
Crop Substitution in highlands
Dry-land horticulture
Watershed management
Organic farming
Postharvest logistics and management
Q: Mechanisation leads to reduction in labour
requirements, impact of such a scheme needs to be
explored in terms of reduced farm employment
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
... organic farming
... facilitate increased long term investment ... post-harvest management, marketing, agro-
processing and value addition, etc; ...
... encourage contract as well as compact farming...
To implement integrated watershed development programs in watershed areas...
... redefine the roles and responsibilities of the agricultural extension machinery by
suitably restructuring the field extension set up.
Q: Is the cropping pattern in Odisha water intensive?
Q: What is the share of agriculture in water use?
Q: What is the per capita utilisation of water in agriculture
and how does it compare to per capita utilisation of water
vis.a.vis other sectors
Input Management: Seeds Page 7 The quality of seeds can increase the production by 20
per cent
Focus on improving Seed Replacement Rate (SRR) for
Paddy
5 existing seed processing plants to be developed de-
humidified chambers for storage of groundnut seeds
Focus on seeds and organic products certification
Promote hybrids at appropriate Agroecological
Situations (AES)
Over 2000 indigenous varieties of paddy in Odisha,
gene bank being established
Scientifically bred, drought/submergence/salinity
tolerant and pest resistant high yielding and
environmentally sage varieties to be promoted.
Q: How are other non-cereal crops considered when
considering SRR
Q: Is there a mapping of interventions in terms of hybrids
according to AES/agroclimatic zones (micro-zonation)
Q: Is monsoon onset pattern considered?
Input Management: Irrigation Page 9 A large part of agriculture is still dependent on monsoon
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
... Non-availability of timely and adequate water for irrigation is now becoming a serious
constraint in achieving higher productivity and stability of farming... total rainfall in our state
is satisfactory, its distribution over time and space is highly uneven. So, rain water harvesting
and improving the efficiency of water use are important. It has been assessed that even 10
per cent increase in the present level of water use efficiency in irrigation projects may help
to provide lifesaving irrigation to crops in large areas...Water Users' Associations are being
encouraged to maximise the benefit from the available water...
Participatory Irrigation Management will be promoted... capacity building of pani panchayats
(Water User's Associations)... efficient utilisation and monitoring of water allotted to them
Rotational Water Supply System will be adopted for more efficient use of water.
Substantial part of irrigated agriculture is dependent on
underground wells
Q: How does the state plan recharging aquifers
Q: What percentage is being tapped by confined and
unconfined aquifers?
Q: Is the emphasis on land under agriculture or is it on per
hectare productivity?
Q: How are long term and sustainability aspects factored?
Q: Lift Irrigation from ground water has a critical danger
of over watering and excessive wastage of water without
micro-irrigation techniques as water can be tapped at a
virtually free cost. Ground realities need to be checked.
The spread of the benefit of major and medium irrigation projects being confined only
to a few districts of the State, it is necessary to take greater interest for developing rain
water harvesting structure, ground water recharge, traditional water bodies, farm ponds,
etc as well as exploitation of ground water in all feasible locations.
Assured irrigation will be provided to at least 35 per cent of cultivable land in each block.
This will be achieved by a suitable combination of flow irrigation and lift irrigation duly
supported by micro irrigation.
Irrigation tanks will be renovated/dug in every village having such potential.
Individual tube wells and bore wells will be promoted under the Jalanidhi program with
maximum subsidy upto 75 per cent of the project cost.
Community Lift Irrigation projects with subsidy upto 80 per cent of the project cost in
the non-TSP areas and non-KBK districts and upto 90 per cent of the project cost in
the TSP areas and KBK districts will be continued under Biju Krushak Vikas Yojana
(BKVY).
For large-scale community lift irrigation projects 90 per cent subsidy is available if they
are executed by OUC/OAIC.
Page 10 Focus on balancing irrigation projects across all districts
in the state
Focus on increased exploitation of ground water
Target to provide at least 35 per cent irrigated cultivable
land in each block
Combine flow irrigation and lift irrigation supported by
micro irrigation
Impetus to individual tube/bore wells (75 per cent
subsidy)
Impetus to Community lift irrigation (tube/bore wells)
with 80 per cent subsidy in general and 90 per cent
subsidy in TSP and KBK districts
90 per cent subsidy for mega lift irrigation at community
level (>40 ha)
Up to 90 per cent subsidy on micro irrigation (drip and
sprinkler systems)
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Subsidy will be provided for community-based mega lift irrigation projects covering not
less than 40 hectares irrigated area, if the community forms a registered society that will
execute the project and also run the project later. The subsidy will be to the extent of 90
per cent excluding the cost of land.
Micro irrigation (drip and sprinkler irrigation) helps farmers in saving water, increasing
yields, supporting new technological packages and increasing employment in rural areas.
Therefore, micro irrigation will be promoted in a big way in the State by providing
subsidies for drip and sprinkler irrigation maximum up to 90 per cent of the cost. Micro
irrigation campaign will go a long way in creating efficient water use in the State. A centre
of excellence on Micro-irrigation will be set up in the State.
Drawing of electric line for electrification of dug well/private L.I. points will be
subsidised under Biju Gram Jyoti Yojana (BGJY).
Subsidy will be provided to the extent of 75 per cent limited to INR 50,000 per deep
borewell for the purposes of electrification.
The cost of electrification of a cluster of Shallow tube wells, not less than 10 per cluster,
will be borne by the Government, subject to a limit of INR 400000 per cluster.
Supply of irrigation water through underground conduits in place of over ground canals
will be encouraged to minimise transmission loss.
Farm ponds will be executed free of cost in the field of BPL farmers in the State under
MGNREGA and State plan.
About 3 lakh hectares of cultivable area in Odisha remains waterlogged due to poor
drainage. Integrated development of these areas will be attempted through appropriate
engineering and land/crop management interventions.
Q. Such a large impetus on lift irrigation/tapping ground
water has resulted in depletion of water tables in other
states, how does the state expect to monitor/limit lifting of
water to ensure sustainability?
Q: Are all areas suitable for lift irrigation? Is there a spatial
map available?
Q: How can the state maximise use of surface water for
irrigation?
Q: How has the state planned ground water recharging to
ensure sustainability for lift irrigation
Q: is the lift irrigation scheme linked to micro irrigation
scheme? If yes in which areas?
Q: spatial analysis of Ganjam reveals that about 80 per cent
of the urbanisation is happening in Irrigated double
cropped land, how does this reflect on irrigation
investments (especially when a major part of the cultivated
areas are rain-fed)
Q: Is ground water irrigation a sustainable practice in India
context?
Q: How does the government plan to balance the water
logged and saline areas
Input Management: Fertilisers
To increase agricultural production, it is necessary that chemical fertilisers as well as organic
manure are used adequately and in a balanced manner. Presently, fertiliser consumption in
the state is 63 kg/ha only as compared to the national average of more than 140 kg/ha.
Hence, there is a lot of scope for increasing fertiliser consumption in the state. While suitable
Page 11 Focus on increasing fertiliser consumption
State has a focus on integrated nutrient management
Q: Has the state prepared spatial maps considering soil
quality, alkalinity levels, salinity levels, irrigated non-
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measures will be taken to increase fertiliser consumption in the state, emphasis would be
laid on balanced fertilization'. Balanced fertilisation is defined as an accurate fertiliser
application equal to the plant need considering the soil nutrient content. To achieve balanced
nutrition for sustainable crop production, Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) is very
important. The goal of INM is to integrate the use of all natural and man-made sources of
plant nutrients required for high agricultural productivity besides ensuring the sound health
of soil. State will endeavour to promote INM practices in a big way through suitable
programs and incentives.
Prolonged and over usage of chemical fertilisers on soil results in soil health deterioration,
human health hazards and pollution of the environment. Hence, it is necessary to switch
over to an alternate source of nutrient supply to the crops which is ecologically protective
of farming. The state will promote use of bio-fertilisers in a big way through suitable
incentives and effective extension.
The state will take steps place the necessary infrastructure to enable direct transfer of
fertiliser subsidy to the farmers. The state will also take steps, using IT, to monitor the sale
of fertilisers to ensure that it is not diverted for illegal purposes. Farmers will be able to learn
about the stock position of the dealers in a transparent way.
irrigated areas to plan distribution and incentivisation for
nutrient specific fertilisers?
Input Management: Farm Mechanisation
Farm Mechanisation brings a significant improvement in agricultural productivity in a
number of ways. The timeliness of various agricultural operations is crucial in obtaining
optimal yield, which is possible only through mechanisation. Secondly, the quality and
precision of the operations are equally significant for realising higher yield. The various
operations such as land levelling, irrigation, sowing and planting, use of fertiliser, plant
protection, harvesting and threshing need a high degree of precision to increase the
efficiency of the inputs as well as to reduce the losses. Farm Mechanisation also goes a long
way in reducing the drudgery of agricultural operations. With mechanisation, there are good
chances to reduce the cost of production resulting in higher margin of profit...
Page 12 Farm Mechanisation and low average land holding size
may need cooperative farming approaches to leverage
agri-infrastructure being built by GoO
Focus on increasing productivity of agriculture through
farm mechanisation is a good idea.
Mechanisation leads to reduction in labour
requirements, impact of such a scheme needs to be
explored in terms of reduced farm employment
Reduced primary sector employments leads to forced
migration and unplanned urbanisation - Economic
opportunities in urban areas would need focus
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In our State, level of mechanisation is very low. Farm Mechanisation will be promoted in a
large scale, by ensuring easy availability of appropriate farm machineries at substantially
subsidised rates...
Farm machinery suitable for different types of soil and operation for important crops will
be developed.
... Women-friendly farm equipment will be promoted
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and use of bio-control agents ... minimise the
indiscriminate and injudicious use of chemical pesticides
... Agro Service Centres will be promoted in all the Blocks/fully irrigated gram panchayats
to provide door-step services for farm mechanisation.
Q: What are the plans of the state to combat increased
migration due to farm mechanisation?
Q: Has the state undertaken any spatial planning to forecast
the increased urbanisation hotspots that would result with
farm mechanisation due to rural to urban migration.
Q: what is the maximum extent of land that is allowed to
be levelled using large equipment and machinery?
Q: Is land levelling sustainable in the long run?
Q: Is land levelling likely to impact the natural drainage
patterns?
Q: Is land levelling leading to increased flood frequencies
and intensities?
Soil Testing and Restoration of Soil Health and Fertility Page 14 Soil Testing Labs to be set up and farmers to be
encouraged for soil testing at least once in three years
Extremely important to ensure long term sustainability
of agricultural land
Potential to reduce wasteland generation
Q: Would the existing geoportals/GIS platforms integrate
soil health card/status for enabling precision farming?
Horticulture
Odisha is bestowed with varieties of agro-climatic conditions favourable for the
development of horticultural crops. Horticulture provides an excellent opportunity to raise
the income of farmers in rainfed areas and dry tracks. Since income derived from
horticulture per hectare of land is generally higher than in cereals and pulses, the State will
utilise the field potential for expanding the area under horticulture. The area under
horticulture can be at least doubled with appropriate promotional policies and cropping
patterns. Dry land horticulture will be promoted as a supplementary source of income to
the farms particularly in the TSP areas/rainfed areas of the State.
Page 22 Odisha intends to double the area under Horticulture
Per capita/per hectare income generated through
Horticulture is higher than cereals and/or pulses
Q: Would a spatially planned cluster approach be better
that scattered individual cultivation, if yes, which are the
priority areas and what are the criteria for identifying the
same
Q: Spatial Planning for postharvest infrastructure needs to
be undertaken for ensuring market competitiveness
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Floriculture
Odisha's soil and climatic conditions arc suitable for successful cultivation of flowers like
rose, tuberose, marigold and gladiolus. Demand for flowers is also growing rapidly in the
State. Though floriculture in the State is in infant stage, an increasing trend in cultivation of
flowers is marked. Though there is a huge potential of floriculture in the State, farmers are
reluctant to take up floriculture, mainly due to marketing problems. Information about
prices and floriculture technology is also not readily available to small producers.
Growers' Cooperatives will be encouraged and wholesale markets exclusively for flowers
will be developed. Contract farming of flowers will be encouraged with suitable forward
linkage. Suitable financial incentive will be provided not only for cultivation of flowers but
also for postharvest management including marketing.
Page 23 Focus on promoting cooperatives and contract farming
Cashew nut
One of the most important (commercial crops grown in the State is cashew nut. Odisha is
the third largest producer of cashew-nut after Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh. Presently,
the area under cashew-nut is 150000 ha, with production of approx. 90,000 M.T. Though
the average productivity in the State is higher than the national average, there is ample scope
to substantially increase the productivity. Plantations over 40 per cent (Approx.) of the area
are old, senile and uneconomic and varieties are also traditional. A special program will be
launched for replacement of the old, senile and uneconomical plantations with clones of
High Yielding variety in a time bound manner. Cashew processing in the State will be given
priority.
Page 24 Focus on increasing productivity by replacing over 40
per cent of old plantation area by high yielding variety
Total area under cashew nut plantations is 150,000 ha
Q: Spatial assessment of distribution of cashew nut
plantations across the state may be beneficial for reducing
possible conflicts with urbanisation/and or other land uses
Coconut
Odisha is the fifth largest producer of coconut after four southern States. However, the
productivity in the State is much below the national average. Main reason of low productivity
is existence of large number of old and senile plants in the State. A definite, time-bound
program will be taken up for replacement of old & senile plants with new high yielding
variety plants. That apart area expansion will be attempted in locations more conducive for
Page 24 Focus on increasing productivity by replacing old
plantation area by high yielding variety
Area identified for expansion
Q: Spatial planning may help in coordinating plantation
efforts with minimal land use conflicts with other
sectors
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
raising coconut crop and while doing so, more remunerative hybrid varieties will be
introduced in a systematic manner.
Fisheries and Animal Resource Development
… The strength of the fisheries sector in Odisha lies in the large under/unutilised freshwater
and brackish water resources. By judiciously harnessing these resources, the fish production
from the capture and capture-cum-culture fisheries could be substantially augmented to
meet the domestic market demands, create employment and income generating
opportunities for the rural poor and enhance their food and livelihood security.
Promotion of Intensive Aquaculture
In Odisha with Central Government subsidy of 20 per cent, water body creation is not taking
place on large scale. Hence additional 30 per cent subsidy will be provided under State
Agricultural Policy over and above the Central Government subsidy of 20 per cent making
the total subsidy of 50 per cent to each beneficiary with a ceiling of 5 ha per beneficiary. The
scheme would be implemented in both brackish water and freshwater aquaculture...
Page 25 Focus on Fisheries
State subsidy over and above national government
subsidy up to a total of 50 per cent to each beneficiary
up to a maximum of 5 ha
Shift from capture to capture-cum-culture in fisheries
Q: Is there a separate policy that talks about fodder and or
grazing lands and livestock.
Q: How is disaster resilience and improved livelihood
integrated as part of farm practices promoting fisheries and
animal resources
Q: There is an increase in fodder requirement, but the
agricultural plans do not seem to indicate the issue of
fodder crops
Q: The status of grazing/pasture land and grasslands needs
to be correlated to this aspect
Q: What is the impact on carrying capacity of land in terms
of ACU/ha with government schemes on integrated
farming and focus on increasing milk producing livestock
Q: What are spatial connotations of above?
Q: The state aspires to increase its fisheries production
from both marine and freshwater resources
Q: Is the state using sustainable fishing practices in marine
EEZs?
Q: Does the state spatially plan and allocate inland
resources for fresh water aquaculture?
Q: If yes, what are the parameters?
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Q: If No, what could be the parameters and total
requirements in near future?
Watershed Development Page 28 Convergence with MGNREGA
Promotes Water Harvesting
Q: What impacts would the upstream watershed
development initiatives have on existing as well as planned
downstream watershed developments?
Q: Does Watershed planning only account for agriculture
and water or for other aspects of development also? (like
industries, infrastructure, mines, forests, grasslands,
wetlands, disaster prone areas etc.)
Rain Fed Agriculture
… Paddy is grown in about 8 lakh hectares of highland in the State which is not remunerative
as well as subject to the vagaries of nature. Farmers would be persuaded to raise light duty
crops like oilseeds, pulses and horticultural plantation crops on such lands. Suitable
incentives shall be provided for crop substitution.
Page 29 Crop substitution over an area of 800000 hectare would
need a lot of spatial planning
Q: How are incidents of extreme weather events due to
climate change needs to be considered during planning
Q: Does the agricultural department adhere to the state
climate action plan?
Q: How important would it be to have a disaster
vulnerability mapping and disaster resilience plan with a
focus on Agriculture
Organic Farming Page 30 Organic Certifications are expected to have a distinct
positive impact on other land uses like waterbodies,
forests, and wastelands
If Odisha wants to focus on increasing organic certified
areas, controlled development in terms of land use for
industries and other economic and settlement aspects
would need to be planned for.
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Spatial planning would prove to be a strong tool to plan
development of organic agriculture
Integrated Farming
… A proper combination of different farm production systems namely, agriculture,
horticulture, livestock, poultry, agro-forestry, sericulture and pisciculture will be promoted.
Page 31 Integrated farming would require precision agriculture
strategies and practices involving spatial planning at a
micro-level
Q: Is the government undertaking spatial planning to arrive
at crop cultivation matrix for individual farmers?
Post-harvest Management
Agri-Enterprises
Agro Processing
Page 32-
34
Q: How is spatial planning and ORSAC/Odisha Geoportal
being made use of?
Q: How is hierarchy of Agri-logistics and support centres
being planned and catered to?
Q: As part of crop intensification by clustering approach,
how are the villages being selected? How is the spatial
planning approach being applied?
Q: Is the agency guiding cropping patterns in the state by
controlling price of seeds by promoting a gradual shift to a
certain cropping pattern based on a plan
Q: If yes, do the departments for SMEs promotion,
environment, water resources and urbanisation consider
the impact on their plans?
Q: Scope for integration with SMEs and agri-logistics
Agriculture Marketing
Integrated Cotton Markets
Market Yards in 118 blocks that don’t have any
Rural Road Linkages
Horticulture and Floriculture Terminal Markets on Hub and Spoke format
Agri-Export Zones
Page 54-
55
Q: Is there a plan for agri-logistics in the state? If Yes, does
it have reference to spatial planning?
Q: How is the location of agri-market and other facilities
decided and prioritised for investment?
Q: How is the hierarchy of agri-markets is defined
Q: What are the parameters for such a hierarchy?
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Convergence with MGNREGA, Bharat Nirmaan, PMGSY etc. Q: How has this helped (impact) in prioritising agriculture
as an economic instrument?
Q: What is the impact on urbanisation trends?
Primary focus on increasing production or yield per unit
land/water
Representation on ORSAC/Odisha Geoportal would
lead to better convergence, improved planning and
decision making
Incidents of extreme weather events due to climate
change needs to be considered during planning
Q: Does a state have to be self-sufficient in terms of food
grains and agriculture?
Q: Are National and state vision on self-sufficiency of
agricultural products coherent
Q: Does the policy set out to achieve the visions in short
term, Medium term or Long term?
Q: How is Impact assessment of past policies integrated to
ensure that better planning and spatial considerations are
factored in upcoming stages
Q: Are any parts of the agricultural policy/plans spatially
represented?
Q: How are environmental factors and eutrophication of
waterbodies due to fertilisers and pesticides integrated?
Q: Is spatial planning and micro planning undertaken to
focus on certain crops based on agroclimatic zones
Q: Has the state planned or demarcated micro-agroclimatic
zones within the broad agroclimatic zones?
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Q: Does Odisha have bio-diversity boards? How is
agriculture integrated in convergence with Bio-diversity
Boards? If not, how can it be integrated? If yes, do we plan
spatially?
Q: What is the minimum threshold for cultivable area as
Odisha has net sown area less than 50 per cent of
geographical area
Q: Has a decision support system with standardised
parameters created for land conversions?
Q: Does the agricultural department adhere to the state
climate action plan?
Draft Biotechnology Policy (2005)
The biodiversity rich areas of the state include Similipal hills, Gandhamardan hills,
Mahendragiri hills, Bhitarkanika, Sunabeda Plateau, Chilika lake and Malayagiri.
Agro-forestry plantation (bamboo, teak, eucalyptus, pine etc.) to replace denuded forests
for paper and pulp industry
Bioremediation of waste land especially where mining was done.
Mapping of the unique bio resources in the state, including mangroves, forest, marine
and fresh water resources
The large wastelands could be reclaimed by cultivation of low lignin pulp wood for
biomass generation or other species such as Jatropha, Pongamia, Salvadora etc., for bio
diesel production.
Setting up of one or more biotechnology parks
Page 3-4
Policy Guidelines for Raising Energy Plantations and Bio-Diesel Production (2007)
Bio-diesel produced from vegetable sources is fast emerging as a viable alternative to fossil
fuels, particularly in the face of diminishing supply and the concomitant steep increase in
price of fossil fuels.
Page 2 Bio-diesel producing plantation as a tool for waste land
utilisation, and employment generation
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Production of Bio-diesel also supplements the general economic growth by way of waste
land utilisation, employment generation, entrepreneurship development, augmentation of
additional source of power, increasing share of organic manure in agriculture etc.
The current bio-diesel production potential of the State has been estimated at approximately
1000 Kilo Litres |KL) per annum. With further utilisation of about 30 per cent wasteland
of the State the production is likely to increase up to 14000 KL per annum.
Quantification of Benefits of Bio-diesel production:
Total expected production: 14000 KL per annum
Utilisation of wasteland: 0.6 Million Hectares
Employment generation: 100 million man days
Additional organic manure: 42,000 tonnes
Page 3 Focus on utilising 30 per cent of wasteland (0.6 million
ha) - barren, uncultivated and fallow land
Present biodiesel production potential of 1000
KL/year, may increase to 14000 KL/year
Employments: 100 million man-days
Q: How is the ownership of barren, uncultivated and fallow
land like to impact the targets of cultivation?
Q: Is there a spatial pattern observed in uncultivated and
fallow land? Is it because of constraints in profitable
agriculture or is it because of urbanisation?
Availability of land for raising energy plantations:
About 2 million hectares of land is available under the categories of barren and uncultivated
land and fallow lands. A major portion of this land can be utilised for cultivation of oil seed
bearing trees. Besides, huge areas of degraded forests are also available in the State where
such cultivation can be taken up. Cultivation of oil seed bearing trees can also be taken up
in JFM mode on field boundaries, tank bunds, fences etc.
Page 4 Focus of utilisation of wasteland for economic purposes
(barren, uncultivated and fallow)
Distribution of Land
Identification of Land:
While farmers have to be encouraged to raise energy plantations along the fence and bunds
of cultivated lands, the very success of the programme depends on raising such plantations
on marginal and degraded lands. Such areas coming under common land, wasteland, canal
and tank bunds, degraded forests, along the railway tracks, highways have to be identified
by designated Government Departments/Agencies/Panchayati Raj Institutions/Urban
Local Bodies and given on long term lease to interested Van Sanrakshan Samittees , Pani
Page 4 Focus on wasteland under government ownership
Multiple stakeholder institutions identified
Q: Using common land for such purposes will have a direct
impact on land available for pastures and grazing land
Q: As there is no regulation on growing energy plantation
on regular agricultural land, the profitability of growing the
same would need to be explored to ascertain the spatial and
economic impact of shift in cropping pattern
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Panchayats, co-operatives, Self Help Groups, Tree Growers' Societies etc. for plantation
purpose.
Establishment of Bio-diesel production centres
Bio-diesel production can be low tech and is not capital intensive. Bio-diesel production
does not require economy of scale. There is no minimum size for a bio-diesel facility and
small decentralised bio-diesel facilities do not require dedicated technical staff support;
they can be operated by locally trained nontechnical staff.
The Biodiesel production units shall be eligible for the incentives provided under PMRY,
IPR and under the Biodiesel Policy.
Eligible entrepreneurs shall be entitled to subsidy as per the special package offered
under Self Employment Programme implemented by the Industries Department. Such
special package allows 15 per cent capital subsidy and 3 per cent interest subsidy.
Small bio-diesel production centres will be encouraged in rural areas for different local
applications like water pumping, village electrification etc.
Indian Oil Corporation has agreed to buy entire bio-diesel produced in the State, subject
to quality and regulation of supply.
Page 5 Q: As there is no regulation on growing energy plantation
on regular agricultural land, the profitability of growing the
same would need to be explored to ascertain the spatial and
economic impact of shift in cropping pattern especially in
view of IOC buying the entire bio-diesel produced in state
Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Modified Area Development Approach
This scheme is available in areas outside the TSP (Tribal Sub- plan: which is a state plan
to rapidly increase the economic development of tribal) which are contiguous smaller
areas having a population of 10,000 or more, with 50 per cent tribal concentration.
Odisha is having 21 ITDPs/ITDAs Pockets, 46 MADA, 14 Clusters, 13 PTGs
(Particularly vulnerable tribal groups).
Page 186 Q: Spatial distribution of the identified settlements for
upgradation would have a direct impact on the urbanisation
pattern as well as economic linkages
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Govt. mobilises funds to develop these pockets which result in land use changes.
Dispersed Tribal Development Project
This is an extension to Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) strategy.
The dispersed ST population of the state located outside the ITDA/MADA/Cluster
Pocket/Micro Project areas, is covered under a special project for tribal development
called, ‘Dispersed Tribal Development Project (DTDP)’.
Dispersed Tribal population constitutes about 27 per cent of the total tribal population
in the State and varies in their proportion from region to region.
The following are the activities made available for dispersed tribal population:
Provision of subsidy under various bankable Income Generating Schemes: Especially
in the agriculture/horticulture development, minor irrigation, animal husbandry,
fisheries, small and village industry.
Community Minor Irrigation Projects such as LIP, WHS, Check Dam etc.
Training Programme for self-employment, wage employment etc.
Page 186 Q: Spatial distribution of the identified dispersed population
for upgradation as a settlement is likely to have a direct
impact on the urbanisation pattern as well as economic
linkages
Comprehensive Development Plan Land and Implementation Policy (2015)
The State Government have considered it necessary to create an appropriate policy
framework for transfer of Government Land to Development Authorities, allotment of
land and properties by Development Authorities, establishment of Comprehensive
Development Plan Infrastructure Development Fund and institutional mechanism
required for implementation of Comprehensive Development Plan proposals and
regulatory framework in an effective and efficient manner with a view to addressing the
challenges in the present system of implementation of Comprehensive Development
Plan and accordingly formulated the following CDP Land and Implementation Policy,
2015.
Page 1 Focus on urbanisation and Urbanisable land
Objectives:
The following objectives are envisaged to be achieved through this Policy:
Page 2-3 Focus on
Planned Urbanisation Expanse
Land Pricing
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
To encourage socially and economically efficient allocation of Urban Land so that
Urban Development is done in a resource conserving manner and the magnitude of
land used for urban settlements is optimal.
To make government land available in adequate quantities at the right time and on
reasonable prices to both Development Authorities & individuals.
To secure access of land and housing for poor and marginalised sections of society
by providing and reserving for same and to ensure adequate provisions of affordable
Housing in all urban settlements.
To encourage co-operative community effort and bonafide individual developers in
the field of Urban Development and Housing through PPP model.
To prevent concentration of land and Housing ownership in a few hands and to
encourage home ownership amongst the under-privileged sections of the Urban
Society.
To set up CDP Infrastructure Development Fund (CIDF) for financing of urban
development & social housing by leveraging land as a resource.
To provide for an effective and efficient institutional mechanism for coordinating the
efforts of various departments and agencies in implementation of Development
Plans.
To provide for any other matters for successful achievement of the objectives
discussed above.
Encourage sectoral coordination
Fair share planning and distribution of resources
Land as a form of financial resource mobilisation for
urban governance and infrastructure development
Land assembly using innovative measures such as land readjustment, land pooling,
guided development and neighbourhood developments will be encouraged to minimise
undesirable speculation and increase in land cost to ensure planned development to
provide for the needs of the lower income groups.
Q: Current status and initiatives?
Q: Quantifiable benefits?
Identification of suitable land for urban renewal such as redevelopment and rehabilitation
taking into consideration the age and structural stability of buildings, land use and level
of infrastructure
Q: Current status and initiatives?
Q: Quantifiable benefits?
Q: How is DTP and other Planning Authorities are
involved?
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Q: What has been the impact on urban sprawl?
Formulate Master Plans for all urban areas in the State along with effective land-use
planning and creation of adequate land banks for housing.
No mentions of spatial planning or creating parameters
for interventions based on land use at city/town or
settlement level.
Identification of land banks for housing
Q: What were the parameters for identifying such land
banks?
Activity Report (2015-16), H&UD
Four development authorities and one RIT has already completed the preparation of
master plan, while five development authorities and six regional improvement trusts
and selected special planning authorities are currently undertaking the master plan
preparation
The department is looking forward to amalgamation of planning authorities into 7
regional development authorities
Over 50 water supply projects have been initiated in the 33 AMRUT
approved/covered cities/ULB as follows: Bhubaneswar, Cuttack, Behrampur,
Rourkela, Sambalpur, Puri, Balasore, Baripada, Bhadrak. Etc.
Bhubaneshwar having been chosen under smart city program, has set its focus on the
Transit oriented Development based planning with large scale investments in urban
mobility i.e., intra-city bus service for public transport, intelligent traffic management
etc.
Boost in infrastructure to operate bus service in other urban areas
NUIS (National Urban Information System): 6 towns vis., Cuttack, Balasore,
Baripada, Sambalpur, Rourkela and Berhampur are covered in the first phase of the
scheme (2014) and existing land use maps were prepared for these.
Focus on preparation of spatial plans for urban areas with
peripheral villages
Focus on regional development
Expanding major urban centres
GIS in preparation of land use and revised/new
masterplans for 112 towns
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Land achieved by Odisha Transferable Development Rights Rules, 2015 will be
utilised for housing to meet the needs of urban poor, lower and middle-income
people.
Master plan for 70 towns out of which 54 Final Master Plan and 16 Draft Master Plan
were approved the Government of Odisha under OTP & IT Act, 1956.
53 towns had the digital data for preparation of masterplans while 59 other towns are
targeted to prepare the database in 2016-17.
Rural Development
The focus of Rural development in Odisha is Economic Growth with Social Justice and
improvement in the living standards of the rural population, by providing adequate and
quality services efficiently.
Schemes focussing on Rural Development have potential
to balance urbanisation
Higher household income may translate to lesser rural to
urban migration
Provision of social amenities and services at subsidised costs or free to target groups.
These include Housing, Roads, Water Supply, Primary Education, Health, Sanitation,
Family Welfare, the National Social Assistance Programme, Targeted Public Distribution
System (TPDS) and Rural Infrastructure. These are provided through schemes such as
Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY), Prime Minister Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), Bharat
Nirman, Member of Parliament Local Area Development Programme (MPLADP),
Member of Legislative Assembly Constituency Development Scheme (MLACDS),
RURBAN, Swacch Bharat Mission (SBM), Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) and
funds devolved to local bodies such as State Finance Commission (SFC), Central Finance
Commission (CFC), etc.
All schemes mentioned essentially talk about land
resource planning and management
These schemes translate to substantially high financial
outlays as part of budgetary allocation, it would be
interesting to see how it is impacting land use and spatial
planning aspects.
Q: Do these schemes involve application of spatial land use
planning techniques?
Q: If yes, how have they helped; if not, where all can they be
integrated to enhance scheme delivery?
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee
MGNREGA - New Initiatives - Land Development Activities
Afforestation in village common lands (grassland and
grazing lands, conversion of fallow land to cultivable land,
scrub clearance, land levelling and soil conservation
works, water harvesting, irrigation and drainage facilities
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other plantation works, contour trenching, farm bunding,
earthen dams, farm ponds etc.
Q: All these activities have a direct bearing on land use
change and natural drainage patterns, is any GIS based
spatial and land use planning guiding these activities?
MGNREGA - New Initiatives - Selection of works by using satellite-based maps
Q: What is the status of resource mapping on GIS platform?
Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Perspective Plan for Management and Development of Fisheries (2010-2020)
Inland Fisheries
Additionally, 80000 ha tank/pond area (45000 hectare of new pond area and 35000 ha
through renovation of existing tanks/ponds) will be developed for freshwater aquaculture.
This will create additional direct employment to 100000 persons in farming; and 350000
indirect employment in ancillary activities will be created.
10000 persons will derive employment in scampi culture in 10000 ha additional water area.
The total inland fish production of the State will register a quantum jump from present
level of 2.13 lakh tonnes to 7.12 lakh tonnes i.e. 3-fold by end of 2020.
71 hatcheries set up with a designed capacity for producing 2500 million fish seed and 50
feed mills for producing 100000 tonnes of feed. This will provide direct employment to
100 persons in hatcheries and 200 in feed mills and indirect employment to 700 in fish
seed production.
Development of fisheries in reservoirs besides benefiting the will provide full-time
employment to 15500 members in 102 co-operatives and part-time employment to equal
number of their family members in fisheries ancillary activities.
Page 8 Q: What are the spatial Implications of 80000 ha being
brought under aquaculture
Q: How would sustainability be assured?
Q: How are the agricultural plans integrated as part of
the fisheries development plans
Q: How are the environmental considerations like
eutrophication been addressed?
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
10000 poor fishermen in reservoirs will avail boats and nets to improve their livelihood
through fishing in the reservoirs.
2700 Women SHG will be benefited from the development of fisheries in swamps and
low lying areas.
About 1500 members of reservoir fishery cooperatives/SHGs will get employment in 300
captive nurseries proposed for fingerling production.
500000 fishermen will be covered under the Accident Insurance scheme.
Brackish water Aquaculture and Chilika fisheries
Additional 10000 hectare of brackish water will be brought under coastal aquaculture by
2020. This will provide direct employment to 10000 persons.
Productivity of brackish water shrimp will be increased from 1.00 ton to 1.50 tonnes/ha
per crop.
Over 100000 indirect employment will be created in farm construction, shrimp seed and
feed production and marketing of aquaculture products.
Disease free shrimp seed will be made available by establishing 5 shrimp hatcheries and
renovating 11 existing hatcheries.
134000 fishermen in and around Chilika area will be benefited by management and
development of fisheries in the lake.
Skill of 7000 small and medium scale farmers will be upgraded through exposure visits
and training.
Page 9 Q: What are the spatial implications of 10000 ha being
brought under aquaculture
Q: How would sustainability be assured?
Q: How are the agricultural plans integrated as part of
the fisheries development plans
Q: How are the environmental considerations like bird
dependency and eutrophication being addressed?
Marine fisheries and fisheries infrastructure
100 intermediate crafts will be introduced in the private sector for Fishing in the deep area
providing employment to 1000 fishers.
6000 traditional fishermen will be covered under motorisation programme by supplying
5000 Out Board Engines (OBM) and 1000 In-Board motors (IBM) to improve their
income and social status.
Page 9 Q: What are the spatial implications of impetus to
fishing in deep areas
Q: How would sustainability be assured?
Q: How are port and logistics plans integrated in the
fishing plans?
Q: What impact is it likely to have on tourism industry?
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
2400 CNG Kits will be provided to the traditional fishermen for promoting eco-friendly
capture fisheries using clean non-conventional source of energy.
Participatory management of fisheries will be encouraged.
Capacity for deep sea fishing will be built.
20 Artificial reeves and 10 Fish Aggregating Devices will be deployed in the territorial
waters of Orissa for resource conservation and resource enhancement.
5000 insulated ice boxes will be provided to traditional fishermen and the cooperatives.
10000 fishermen families living in the area where fishing ban is in force, will get direct
employment through Alternative livelihood activities.
Modernisation/upgradation of the Fishing Harbours and Fish Landing Centres in the
State will provide indirect employment to over 250000 fishermen every year.
Shore based facilities will be developed in 27 Fish Landing Centres.
More than 100000 people engaged in the marketing activity will be benefited by Market
infrastructure development.
A Fishing Harbour Authority will be set up as an autonomous society.
Flake Ice Plants and Chill Room facilities in major fishery harbours and fish landing
centres will be provided.
A state-level whole sale modern fish market at Bhubaneswar, 22 District level Markets
with 87 modern and hygienic retail fish marketing centres will be set up.
Odisha Fisheries Policy (2015)
Objectives/Goals
Enhancing the productivity and production of fish from the inland, brackish water and
marine resources and doubling the fish production in the next five years
Alleviating the incidence of poverty among fishers by offering them
alternative/supplementary employment opportunities, health care, communication and
sanitary facilities and quality education to children and youth.
Page 6 Q: What are spatial implications on settlement patterns
and migration when the target is to double fish
production in a period of 5 years?
Q: A spatial representation of underdeveloped
fishermen communities when superimposed with other
social and employment opportunities would prove to be
a strong too in their upliftment
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Fisheries resource conservation, management and development through reforming and
strict enforcement of relevant Acts, Rules and Regulations, leasing policy.
Improving fisheries coherence, governance and re-defining resource access for fishers.
Q: Spatial planning of existing resources would lead to
sustainability of fishing plans
Key Issues: Inland Fisheries
Realistic Resource Assessment: For sustainable management of capture and culture
fisheries in the inland water bodies a reliable assessment of inland resources, including the
small water bodies, will be undertaken through a detailed survey using Remote Sensing
and Geographic Information System (GIS).
Capture Fisheries
Culture Based Fisheries in lakes/reservoirs
Aquaculture in tanks and ponds
Page 7 Q: Spatial Planning would be an automatic outcome of
realistic resource assessment
Q: How is clustering of development initiatives being
planned and monitored?
Key Issues: Sustainable Coastal Aquaculture
Realistic Resource Assessment: using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information
System (GIS).
Coastal Aquaculture clusters with logistics facilities and transport connectivity.
Page 10 Q: How is clustering of development initiatives being
planned?
Key Issues: Marine Fisheries
Coexistence of marine fishing and turtle breeding grounds
Page 11 Q: Spatial Planning is required to ensure the marine
fishing and turtle breeding grounds/other coastal eco-
sensitive areas do not conflict.
Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
State Water Policy (2007)
State Water Plan: Order of priority in water allocation has been made in State Water Policy-
2007.
Page 4 Priority of allocation clearly defined as (1) Drinking
water and domestic use (2) Ecology (3) Irrigation,
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agriculture and other related activities including
fisheries (4) Hydropower (5) Industries including
agro-industries (6) Navigation and other uses such as
tourism.
Development of Water Resources for Irrigation and Drainage.
Development of water resources will take into account all the available options such as surface
water, ground water and rain water harvesting for the most cost effective and sustainable
combination. The overall goal would be water security for all. Intrastate, inter basin transfer
of water from surplus areas to deficit areas will be planned taking into account the riparian
rights of the population and the environmental impact of such transfer....
Irrigation and drainage are inter-twined and the development of one should take into account
the development of the other. A master plan for improvement of the drainage system of the
State has been prepared in order to retrieve 1.95 lakh ha of water logged land for agriculture.
The plan would be further refined and converted into an action plan within the overall
purview of the State Water Plan. The drainage improvement measures would not only include
engineering interventions, it would also include adequate biological interventions and
appropriate land use plans for water-logged areas with people's participation.
Page 7 Focus on water balance with inter basin water
transfer if required
Interlinking major and medium irrigation projects for
wholistic development
Master plan for improving drainage system of water
logged land for agriculture
Resettlement and Rehabilitation
Development of water resources sometimes causes displacement of people.
The resettlement and rehabilitation component will form an integral part of every water
resource development project in keeping with the latest R&R Policy of the State. The
cost of R&R would be the first charge on the project and resettlement of the displaced
persons will precede completion of a project.
Page 10 Q: Is there a prioritisation for water resource/source
development and a spatial strategy to ensure the R&R?
Ground Water Development
… Degradation of Watershed (catchment) leads to reduction in the retention of water in the
catchment, which increases the frequency and intensity of floods. Concerted efforts would
Page 11 Q: How closely is disaster management and mitigation
plan integrated with the state water policy?
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
be made for proper management of watersheds as a non-structural measure of flood control
and drought mitigation...
Q: Are there any go no-go zones demarcated spatially to
ensure quality of watershed? What are the criteria for
delineating such zones?
Odisha State Urban Water Supply Policy (2013)
Q: How is the source augmentation planned for the
urban areas in the state? Is the investment priority given
to source augmentation likely to have an impact on
urbanisation pattern? How is the investment prioritised?
Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Industries Policy Resolution (2015)
Objectives
The IPR 2015 has been conceptualised with the aim of making Odisha a destination of
choice for the investors worldwide. The prime policy objectives are as under;
To transform Odisha into a vibrant industrialised State.
To promote sustainable and inclusive economic growth by attracting investments in a
systematic manner.
To specifically promote sectors in the priority category such as Information Technology
(IT)/Information Technology Enabled Services (ITES), Electronic System Design &
Manufacturing (ESDM), Biotechnology, Agro, Marine & Food Processing, Tourism,
Textiles & Apparel and automotive industries, which offer strong linkages to
employment generation and exports.
To promote direct employment intensive sectors.
Page 4 Focus on Industrialisation
Priority Sectors include IT/ITES, ESDM,
Biotechnology, Agro - Marine & Food Processing,
Tourism, Textile & Apparels and Automotive
Industries
Promote direct employment intensive sectors
Focus on MSME and downstream ancillary industries
Environmentally friendly and less polluting industries
Establish industrial infrastructure including industrial
parks
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To maximise employment generation and enhanced employability through industry-
oriented skill development.
To encourage linkage between MSME and Large industries and make focused efforts
for development of ancillary and downstream industries.
To encourage establishment of environment friendly and less polluting industries.
To create a conducive business climate and effective institutional structure to facilitate
and encourage private sector investments.
To create quality external and internal infrastructure by establishing industrial parks
through public and private initiatives.
Strategy:
The new Industrial policy seeks to promote industrial development in the State to
optimally use the existing resource base of the State. The strengths of the State in terms
of physical advantages such as long coast line, strong manufacturing base, excellent
levels of support infrastructure, high base of entrepreneurial economy, good
governance etc. would all be used to its advantage. The new policy has identified and
developed a strategy which comprises the following:
Create an enabling environment for development of industrial and related social
infrastructure of international standards.
Create a level playing field for ail investors/private sector players by enhancing the
facilitation mechanism enabling them to do their business with ease and less transaction
cost.
Promote entrepreneurship development for broad based industrial development.
Promote ancillary and downstream industries /industrial parks.
Provide special incentive packages for promotion of priority sectors and MSMEs.
Make provision of world-class infrastructure facilities for industries with active
participation of private sector/industry/user industry.
Page 5 Promote entrepreneurship and focus on
MSME/downstream ancillary industries
Promote clusters/industrial parks for MSME and
downstream ancillary industries
Q: What is the spatial strategy to balance out the
development across the entire state?
Q: Does the state want to focus more on coastal
areas/vicinity to certain existing infrastructure/port
(major/minor) etc.?
Q: Direct employment generation with a focus on
IT/ITES/auto industries etc. would require extensive
focus on high quality of human resource availability, and
such investments tend to give impetus to larger urban
centres
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Promote skill development in order to enhance the employability of local youth
especially women and also to make available ready-to-employ human resource to the
industry.
Put in place an effective grievance redressal mechanism for speedy project
implementation and also for addressing post implementation issues.
IPICOL has been functioning as the State Level Nodal Agency (SLNA) and Technical
Secretariat for SLSWCA. District Level Single Window Clearance Authority
(DLSWCA) is activated in all the districts. The Regional Industries Centres (RIC) and
District Industries Centres (DIG) are effectively taking on the functions of District
Level Nodal Agency (DLNA).
IPICOL as the SLNA shall be further strengthened to function as an effective one stop
shop for investors. Relevant provisions of Orissa Industries (Facilitation) Act 2004 shall
be used more effectively to improve the ease of doing business. Efforts shall be made
to accord all the required approvals within the specified time.
IPICOL shall develop and implement a web-based system to facilitate time bound
clearances to investment proposals, including facility for e-filing of Combined
Application Form (CAF), e-payment of processing fees and virtual single window
interface between investors and different clearance authorities by end of financial year
2015-16.
IPICOL shall establish a GIS based Comprehensive Industrial Data Bank for the use
of existing and prospective entrepreneurs, administrators and policy makers.
Page 7 Q: What sort of relationship (role, function, authority) etc.
does IPICOL have with DICs, RICs, DLSWCA?
Q: What implications would DICs and RICs have with the
state's focus on strengthening IPICOL as a single stop
shop?
Q: Does the GIS based portal as developed by IPICOL
guide the entrepreneurs in selecting a location for
investment or does it help the entrepreneur in identifying
an available plot on a location already chosen by them?
Industrial Development in Industrially Backward Districts
Government of Odisha will aim to provide enabling industrial infrastructure such as road
connectivity, power supply, water supply, Telecommunication and mobile connectivity etc.
and common facilities for storage, preservation and agri-marketing to promote
industrialisation and development in industrially backward districts of the State.
Government will identify potential sectors for each district and provide incubation support
to units in these sectors.
Page 9 Focus on industrial areas/infrastructure in backward
districts
Q: What is the average size of industrial areas in backward
districts?
Q: Do the industries come and setup in lands where they
want or has the government created landbanks with
infrastructure (ready to move) kind of industrial areas?
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Non-mineral based new industrial units located in Industrially Backward districts with
minimum investment of Rupees Five crore in plant & machinery shall be treated as Priority
sector unit and be eligible for all incentives prescribed for the Priority sector.
Incentives on Land
Government land earmarked for industry under the "Land Bank" scheme of Odisha
Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation (IDCO) and other Government land
wherever available may be allotted for industrial units, including infrastructure projects.
Government land will be alienated and transferred to IDCO for industrial and
infrastructure development at the following rates. IDCO will add its development cost and
administrative charges etc. to these rates and notify the final rates at which land will be
available to industrial units separately. Land rate shall be revised by Industries Department
in consultation with R&DM Department in every two years.
Page 10 Q: What is the criteria for identifying a particular
government owned land as industrial and not for any
other purpose (school, hospital, forest etc.)
Q: What is the distribution of such land parcels as per their
sizes and do they follow a spatial pattern?
Q: On first glance it seems that the concessional industrial
land rates provide a huge incentive on setting up industries
in backward areas, however, a closer look at the rates
reveal very high incentive for setting up large industries in
rural areas of districts with major towns/cities
IDCO will aim to aggregate government land suitable for establishment of industry to
create Land Banks to meet the requirements of Large: Micro, Small and Medium Units.
10 per cent of the land for large projects subject to an upper limit of 300 Acre shall be
earmarked for setting up ancillary and downstream industrial park.
New Industrial units and existing industrial units taking up
expansion/modernisation/diversification, new Industrial units and existing industrial
units in Priority Sector taking up expansion/modernisation/diversification will be
granted exemption under the provisions of clause - C of Section-73 of Orissa Land
Reforms (OLR) Act, 1960 from payment of premium, leviable under provisions of
clause - C of Section 8 {A) of the OLR Act.1960 on production of eligibility certificate
from the Director of Industries, Odisha for Large Industries and Medium Enterprises
and G.M . RIC/DIC for Micro and Small Enterprises as follows.
o Micro & Small Sector; 100 per cent up to 5 Acres
o Medium Sector: 75 per cent up to 25 Acres
o Large Sector: 50 per cent up to 500 Acres
Page 11 Focus on aggregating government land suitable for
establishment of industries
Focus on integrating large and MSME industries
(indicating a conscious effort to encourage larger
players to invest and create downstream opportunities
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o Priority Sector: 100 per cent up to 100 Acres and 50 per cent for balance area
New MSMEs shall be exempted from the payment of electricity duty up to a contract
demand of 500 KVA for a period of 5 years from the date of availing power supply for
production.
New industrial units in the Priority Sector shall be exempted from payment of electricity
duty up to a contract demand of 5 MVA for a period of 5 years from the date of availing
power supply for production.
New & existing industrial units setting up Captive Power Plant with non-conventional
sources & biofuel shall be exempted from payment of 100 per cent Electricity Duty for
a period of 5 years from the date of commissioning as Green Energy Subsidy.
Page 13 Incentives for setting up MSMEs
Capital Grant to Support Quality Infrastructure
Government will support quality infrastructure in the form of a capital grant to industrial
parks/cluster parks promoted by private sector or industry association or user units in a
cluster format, with a grant of 50 per cent of the infrastructure cost with a ceiling of Rs.10
crore per park or cluster. In the case of upgradation of the existing parks/clusters the
government will provide a similar support of 50 per cent of total cost with a ceiling of Rs.5
crore provided the park/estate/cluster is user- managed.
Page 16 Incentives for cluster based developments instead of
individual units
In order to encourage retention and ensure security and safety of the workforce, the
government shall incentivise the units by providing land at 50 per cent of the prevailing
market rates of IDCO. The land shall only be utilised for setting up a workers hostel or
dormitory and shall not be utilised for any other purpose.
Page 20 Incentivise land by promoting rental housing facilities
for workers
Quality Infrastructure Support
Quality infrastructure support for both MSME and Large Sector shall be provided by
promoting new industrial parks/clusters/estates. As far as possible external infrastructure
to any industrial cluster/park will be funded on priority from ongoing schemes of concerned
departments. In order to meet the budgetary gap of any department to undertake an
infrastructure work, the lack of which may cause a bottle neck in the smooth provision of
Page 21 Focus on convergence to fund external infrastructure
for industrial areas/parks/clusters/large industrial
units
Dedicated substation provides for an incentive to
industrialisation
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external infrastructure to any industrial park/cluster or estate promoted by IDCO or private
sector, the government shall set-up an exclusive Industrial Infrastructure Development
Fund (IIDF) with an initial corpus of Rs.100 (one hundred) crore. The fund shall be utilised
to develop quality/infrastructure like roads, power, water, waste management, etc. An
interdepartmental committee headed by Chief Secretary shall be constituted to approve the
proposals.
Provision of Sub-station for Industrial Parks
For an industrial park with energy requirement in excess of 20 MVA, GRIDCO/OPTCL
snail provide a sub-station (220 KV SS/110 KV SS depending on the power requirement)
at its cost with the approval of OERC. The land for the sub-station may be provided by the
IDCO/SPV/developer free of cost.
Industrial Estates
IDCO will aggregate Government land and create Land Banks in areas with potential
for industrial development. These Land Banks shall be converted into Industrial
Estates, Industrial Areas and Industrial Parks by provision of enabling infrastructure.
IDCO shall undertake a comprehensive Land Zoning Plan in respect of existing and
new Industrial Estates and Parks. It shall also bring out a comprehensive land
management regulation for industrial estates, parks, growth centres, etc with the
approval of Government in Industries Department. Orissa Industrial Infrastructure
Development Corporation (OIIDC) Act would be broadly aligned with the changing
needs in view of the emerging industrial scenario in the State.
A time bound action plan shall be drawn up and implemented for up gradation and
maintenance of infrastructure facilities in existing Industrial Estates, Parks. IID Centres,
and Growth Centres etc. of IDCO. Suitable financial and management models shall be
developed for this purpose.
Page 22 Aggregation of government area to create industrial
land bank
Q: What is the criteria for identifying a particular
government owned land as industrial and not for any
other purpose (school, hospital, forest etc.)?
Q: What are the guiding parameters for locating an
industrial areas?
Q: Are the three organisations economically sustainable or
dependent on budgetary resources?
Q: How are DPCs, MPCs and DTCP involved in the
planning and land bank identification and transfer
processes?
SEZs (Special Economic Zones)
The State Government recognises the potential of Special Economic Zones (SEZ) In
driving industrial/economic growth and facilitating exports. As part of its strategy for
Page 22 Focus on promoting SEZs
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employment generation and export promotion, the State Government shall create an
enabling environment for establishment of the SEZs at different locations. Special
thrust shall be given to promoting IT & ITES, biotechnology, engineering, food
processing and textile & apparel industries and other priority sectors.
The State shall continue to support the implementation of the SEZs in a time bound
manner
The State Government have issued a separate policy for SEZs to provide fiscal and
non-fiscal incentives.
NIMZ (National Investment & Manufacturing Zones)
The Government of India came out with the National Manufacturing Policy (NMP) in
October 2011. One of the key features of NMP is the establishment of National investment
& Manufacturing Zones (NIMZ). The State has identified Kaiinga Nagar Industrial
Complex. Dhamra and Gopalpur as the proposed locations for NIMZ. The NIMZ shall be
developed as a greenfield/brownfield industrial cluster having state-of-the-art infrastructure
and offering business-friendly policies. The infrastructure would range from logistics,
power, skill development, public utilities, environment protection, which are the essential
requirements of a competitive manufacturing base.
Page 22 Three Location identified by state as NIMZ
PCPIR (Petroleum, Chemicals and Petrochemicals Investment Region)
The Government of Odisha has initiated steps to create mega integrated Petroleum,
Chemicals and Petrochemicals Investment Region (PCPIR) on 234 sq. km. in
Jagatsinghpur and Kendrapara districts. This will be the fourth PCPIR in the country
and IOCL is an anchor tenant in this PCPIR. It is setting up 15 MMTPA grass root
refinery - cum - petrochemical complex. A Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) ‘Paradeep
Investment Region Development Limited’ has also been formed for the
implementation of Infrastructure in the Region. Setting up of PCPIR would help units
to get the benefits of networking and greater efficiency through use of common
infrastructure and support services.
Page 23 A PCPIR is proposed over an area of 284 sq.km. in
Jagatsinhpur and Kendrapara districts.
Q: What is the basis of area delineation?
Q: Such a large area focusing on industries would lead to
large in migration, how are the base towns poised to
respond to the high immigration?
Q: Spatial Urbanisation strategy may be required for such
high levels of development investments
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The SPV shall identify and acquire land for the purpose and identify potential tenant
industries based on the feed stock available from anchor industries. State Government
Agencies concerned and Central Institute of Plastic & Engineering Technology
(CtPET) shall also be involved in this project.
Ports
Apart from Dhamra, Gopalpur and Kirtania ports, which are being developed on PPP
mode, the Stale Government shall promote more ports and fishing harbours at suitable
locations for giving a thrust to economic activities in those regions. Special efforts shall also
be made to develop industrial areas in the hinterland of ports for enhancing their viability
and intensifying economic activities.
Government will, in due course, shall announce a Port Policy to incentivise investment in
ports in the State.
Page 23 Port based industrial areas
Social and Urban Infrastructure
Social and Urban Infrastructure is important to sustain industrial development. The
State Government intends to encourage investment in social and urban infrastructure
sectors in the Investment Regions, Hubs and Industrial Parks. There will be linkages
between industrial infrastructure and social & urban infrastructure to improve quality
of life of the inhabitants.
Special thrust shall be laid on promotion of high quality social infrastructure in the form
of schools, colleges, technical and professional institutions, hotels, multiplexes,
townships. commercial complexes, health-care facilities, leisure & entertainment
facilities, resorts, golf courses, tourism areas, etc.
IDCO may issue separate notifications for the rates for allotment of land to select
category of social infrastructure like educational and medical institutions.
Page 23 Focus on developing new urban centres in vicinity of
exiting towns
Likely to result in land use change in nearby regions
and villages
Likely that these towns would witness rapid growth of
population concentration due to improved
employments opportunities and service industries
Q: How is DTP involved in such planning and
prioritisation?
Q: What are the steps taken to ensure planned
urbanisation and controlling urban sprawl?Q: What is the
spatial strategy? Is there a development plan?
Q: For such large tracts of land, it would be difficult to
find areas that are economically less reproductive, i.e. it is
highly likely that the agricultural land gets acquired and/or
converted to non-agricultural uses.
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Human Resource Development
The emergence of Odisha as a major industrial hub has necessitated elaborate planning for
quality manpower and Human Resource Development.
The State Government shall take-up the following activities to promote human resource
development:
Address the supply side and demand side issues of technical manpower.
Maximise industry-institution linkages by encouraging industries to adopt existing
technical institutions and to set up specialised advanced technical training institutions,
wherever feasible.
Promote setting-up of specialised Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) and Skill
Development Centres (SDCs) based on requirements.
Closely work with various industries for identification/formulation of courses and
providing practical training to students.
Government will encourage opening of industrial Training Centre (ITC) in blocks
where such a facility does not exist.
Page 24 Q: Is there a tendency of industries to set up base near
already established urban centres or is the cost of land the
primary criteria? Wherein the skills development,
education, training etc. are successful in operating from
smaller urban centres?
Q: Is there any spatial pattern on quality of human
resources?
Q: What percentage of human resources are sourced from
within the district, region, state, country etc.
Focus Sectors till 2020
Auto and Auto Components
Downstream and Ancillary Industries
Agro and Food Processing
IT and EDSM
Tourism
Manufacturing in Aviation and Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) Facilities
Pharma
Handicrafts and Textiles
Petroleum Chemicals and Petrochemicals
10. Plastics and Polymers
Page 27-
30
Focus on:
Development of Auto Component clusters and Auto
Parks
Downstream of mineral industries (especially steel and
aluminium) and promoting MSME Clusters
Develop post-harvest infrastructure, marketing and
logistics infrastructure including cold storages,
storages, grading and sorting, packing unpacking hubs
Develop the existing 19 airstrips and 16 helipads
Cuttack Bhubaneshwar Pharmaceutical Cluster
Impetus to MSME Clusters
ICT Policy (2014)
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Objectives
To promote Odisha as an attractive investment destination for IT/ITES/ESDM
companies by providing them with a congenial, industry friendly and proactive
industrial climate and making infrastructure, supporting facilities and pool of trained
manpower available for entrepreneurs at affordable cost.
To create employment opportunities for the youth and to improve their employability
through IT educational initiatives and industry focused curriculums to help them
participate in the IT revolution, derive economic benefits and eventually become self-
reliant.
To make Government more accessible to citizens and empowering them through
enhanced access to information while improving governance through the use of IT and
enhancing the quality of services to citizens.
To promote new IT/ITES destinations across the state by providing assistance in
setting up quality IT infrastructure including IT parks.
To create world class ICT infrastructure for seamlessly connecting and integrating all
ICT operators, Service Providers, Government, Regulators and end users.
To create "Brand Odisha" for IT/ITES/ESDM Industries across the globe.
Page 1 Impetus to IT/ITES/ESDM sector through
investments in creating proactive IT Ecosystem,
infrastructure, pool of human resources
Focus on E-Governance and IT integration to all
government levels and departments
Focus on setting up IT/ITES Parks
Target 2020
To attract 10 leading IT/ITES & 5 leading ESDM companies to the State
To achieve a gross ICT Turnover (including exports of software and IT Services,
ESDM, Domestic consumption and Training) of USD 4 Billion (INR 24,000 Crores)
To achieve direct employment of 60,000 professionals in 800IT/ITES/ESDM units.
To create a built-up space of 60 lakh square feet and a developed land bank of 2000
acres for IT/ITES/ESDM sectors.
Page 1 Focus on IT/ITES Parks - 6 million sq. ft. of space to
be developed, and 2000 acres of land bank
Mega IT Projects
Focus on Level II Cities
Q: The focus on level 2 cities for promoting IT/ITES
would result in a substantial impetus to the urbanisation
process in the level 2 cities. Which cities are being
focussed on? How are colleges, universities, housing and
urban amenities being planned spatially as well as
economically to ensure that the influx of new population
would be provided adequate facilities
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Allotment of Government Land
Government would encourage the IT/ITES/ESDM units initially to start with Incubation
Centre/Operation from IT Parks/Hired Space. After attaining prescribed minimum
employee strength as mentioned below, the unit will be eligible for applying for Land to
build their own facility.
At each District headquarters, the District Administration would reserve between 10-20
acres of land for development of IT/ITES industries at each District Headquarter or Urban
area in the district in case of non-availability of land in the headquarters. The quantum of
land allocation to an IT unit will be linked with employment generation and growth
projection.
Page 9-10 Focus on Level 2 cities is likely to concentrate
urbanisation in such cities
Highly likely that urban growth would intensify in and
around these nodes of industrial development
Likely to result in land use change in nearby regions
and villages
Q: There are over 30 such towns, how has the government
prioritised investment locations
Land in the ITIR
The State Government of Odisha is in process of setting up of an IT Investment Region
(ITIR) south of Bhubaneswar for IT/ITES/ESDM units.
Government will earmark land inside ITIR, for various categories of Industries like small,
medium and large IT/ESDM units in various sectors, so as to create a balanced industrial
eco-system. The government would also provision part of the area for support
infrastructure and facilities like education, healthcare, retail, entertainment, housing,
banking etc. For linkage with external infrastructure, it would provide specific focus on
transport and safety.
Page 10 Focus on Bhubaneshwar may result in investors to
concentrate an already developed centre.
Q: What competition can other locations offer?
Subsidies, certifications, FSI relaxation, Duty exemptions, tax rebates, incentives in power Page 10-
13
The subsidies, certifications, relaxations, exemptions,
rebates and incentives being offered are all across state
irrespective of location, the state is not trying to focus
the benefits to one location only.
Q: Is this a conscious decision of the state, or are there
some other specific benefits in addition to above that are
being offered at Bhubaneshwar
Strategic Roadmap for Development of ESDM Sector in Odisha
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Location found suitable for ESDM Clusters:
Khurda (Near Bhubaneshwar)
Berhampur (Ganjam District)
Rourkela (Sundergarh District)
Balasore
Rayagada
Land requirements in Phase wise in acres
Phase 1 (2016-18): 105
Phase 2 (2019-21): 400
Phase 3 (2022-24): 405
Total (2016-2024): 910
Initial Cluster formation at Khurda (Infovalley), Bhubaneswar and Berhampur (Ganjam
district), Rourkela (Sundergarh district), Balasore, Rayagada follows.
Khurda: land requirement 105+ 285+ 250 = 640 acres in 3 phases where 160 acres is already
allotted for ESDM
Page 10 It is estimated that the total human resources attracted
to the ESDM Cluster at Khurda near Bhubaneshwar is
50-60 thousand.
Likely to result in land use change in nearby regions
and villages
Likely that these towns would witness rapid growth of
population concentration due to improved
employments opportunities and service industries
Q: How is DTP involved in such planning and
prioritisation?
Q: What are the steps taken to ensure planned
urbanisation and controlling urban sprawl?
Q: What is the spatial impact of such large inflow of
population?
Q: Is this in-migration to Bhubaneshwar from the Odisha
or from other parts of nearby states or India as well.
Odisha Draft Start up Policy (2016)
Focus on promoting at least 1000 start ups by 2020 by
targeting universities, innovation parks, industry
groups, sector specific incubators to nurture and
incubate start ups
Cities identified for Smart Cities Mission and AMRUT
Mission to designate area for development of start-ups
Policy for Special Economic Zones (2015)
Land: Page 7 State to acquire, collate and transfer land to SEZ
Developer on lease hold basis
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The Government land, Odisha Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation
(IDCO) land and private land acquired by the Government or any of its agency (ies)
shall be transferred to the SEZ Developer on lease hold basis. The Developer of the
SEZ will be competent to transfer the land by way of sub-lease to
persons/entrepreneurs who hold a valid letter of approval issued by the Development
Commissioner. The lessor shall have the right of resumption if the land is not used for
the purpose it was leased out within a period of five years and there shall be no
extension or it cannot be diverted for other purposes by the lessee.
Government Land shall be provided to SEZ Developers at concessional rates as per
prevailing IPR rates and IDCO Land shall be leased as per the applicable rates.
However, for SEZ proposal within limits of Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation &
Cuttack Municipal Corporation, Government land shall be provided as per the
applicable rates notified by Government.
The Government will enable availability of required land for a SEZ through direct
purchase by the Developer or lease of Government land or that of any of its agencies
or through acquisition under the applicable Act/Rules or a combination of any of these
and while doing so, direct purchase and acquisition through consent will be the first
recourse.
When private agricultural land is purchased or acquired, the approach shall be to
purchase or acquire the least agriculturally productive land.
The use of land for a SEZ will be permitted by ensuring that the project causes
minimum displacement and other forms of adverse impact on the human livelihood.
The State Government shall recommend on priority those applications proposing to
set up SEZs using barren, waste land and non-forest Government land.
Those proposing to set up SEZ on surplus land owned/possessed by either private or
public sector undertakings will also be considered by the State Government on priority
for recommendation.
If transferred land is not used for a period of five years,
the lessor shall not extend the lease
Concessional rates for setting up SEZs
Highly likely that urban growth would intensify in and
around these nodes of industrial development
Likely to result in land use change in nearby regions
and villages
Q: What are the criteria and spatial criteria and weightages
to ensure that the least agriculturally productive land is
being used for SEZ Development?
Q: What is the basis of classifying land as barren,
wasteland or non-forest government land? is it remote
sensing-based satellite imagery or only government
recorded revenue data/map?
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
The State shall give preferential treatment to 5EZs dedicated to Thrust and Priority
sectors as per extant of Industrial Policy Resolution as well as large employment
generating sectors such as shipbuilding, heavy & light engineering goods etc.
Odisha MSME Development Policy (2016)
Capacity Building & Skill Development
The MSME Department shall strive to maximise Industry ~ Institution linkage by
entrepreneurial education through empanelled Project Institutes such as Institutes of Higher
learning, ITIs, and Entrepreneurship Development Centres under the National Scheme on
Entrepreneurship Development.
The Technical Institutions/Project Implementing Agencies shall be encouraged through
Director, Technical Education & Training/Director, Employment to assist
MSMEs/MSME Associations in skill development, product/process development,
research & innovation.
Page 4 Q: What is the spatial strategy for locating capacity
development and skill development institutes? Has it been
successful? Has it had any impact on Urbanisation or
migration pattern?
Q: Are these training institutes located only in District
headquarters or leading cities/towns?
Cluster Development
Often MSMEs are of smaller in size and have limitation in achieving economy of scale,
negotiation, specialization, access to strategic information, which restrict them in
achieving the expected level of business. Cluster approach envisages overcoming such
limitations and maximising their opportunities.
Based on concentration of industrial activities, initially a list of 54 potential clusters
(Annexure IV) has been identified for interventions.
Cluster Development Cell of the Directorate of Industries will be strengthened.
Induced clusters of Ancillary/Downstream/other enterprises shall be promoted at
industrial hubs vis. Kalinganagar, Paradeep, Dhamra, Gopalpur,
Angul, Dhenkanal, Sambalpur, Jharsuguda, Rayagada and Keonjhar.
Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) formed by MSMEs for the purpose of cluster
development and development of common facilities/infrastructure shall be eligible for
gap-funding support, after availing CFC grants from Government of India Schemes.
Page 4 Focus on Cluster Approach
54 potential clusters to be setup in the policy period of
5 years
Highly likely that urban growth would intensify in and
around these nodes of industrial development
Likely to result in land use change in nearby regions
and villages
Likely that these towns would witness rapid growth of
population concentration due to improved
employments opportunities and service industries
Q: How is DTP involved in such planning and
prioritisation?
Q: What are the steps taken to ensure planned
urbanisation and controlling urban sprawl?
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Q: What are the Spatial linkages/patterns for clusters that
focus on cashew, engineering, rice-based products,
pharmaceutical, plastic and polymer, readymade garments,
agro & food processing, stone wares etc.?
Q: How are raw material, water, electricity, connectivity
etc. planned in spatial context?
Marketing Assistance and Export Promotion Page 6 Focus on marketing platforms at district level and
pitching to international market with a strong brand
identity of Odisha
Odisha Food Processing Policy (2016)
To set up Food Processing Parks at Deogarh, Bhadrak, Bargarh, Nawrangpur (Maize
Park), Sambalpur, Ganjam, Bolangir, Kandhamal and Kalahandi.
To facilitate & monitor establishment of Mega Food Parks (under development) at
Deras (Khordha) by IDCO & Rayagada by MITS.
To facilitate development of common infrastructure near the existing food processing
clusters.
Page 2 Focus on Cluster Approach
Highly likely that urban growth would intensify in and
around these nodes of industrial development
Likely to result in land use change in nearby regions
and villages
Q: What are the spatial linkages/patterns for clusters that
focus on cashew, rice based products, other agro & food
processing, stone wares etc.?
Q: How are raw material, water, electricity, connectivity
etc. planned in spatial context?
Odisha Biotechnology Policy (2016)
Establish Regional Biotechnology Parks, Bio-Clusters, Biotechnology Centres of
Excellence, Biotechnology Enterprise & Skill Development Schools (BESD), and
Incubation Centres in Universities/Institutes/Industries/Agencies and Thematic
Biotechnology Parks in the priority areas like Agriculture, Animal Husbandry & Human
Health.
Page 6 Focus on setting up dedicated centres/clusters for
biotech research, development and business
Q: Where are the proposed Biotech Park, regional biotech
park and thematic biotech parks located other than
Bhubaneshwar? What were the spatio-temporal criteria
for identification of location and availability of human and
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
other resources in terms of skills, education, knowledge,
etc. considered
Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Odisha Port Policy
Port Profile of Odisha Page 3 There is one major port (Paradeep) and 12 minor ports
in Odisha of which one (Gopalpur Port) has been
developed as a fair-weather port, one (Dharma Port) is
under development (partially operational) and rest of
the ten are yet to be developed.
Firstly, the logic of locating major industries near ports is clear, since the large business
establishments want to import industrial raw materials and export their finished
products and require easy access to the international markets, through viable and
economic sea routes.
The second major advantage is that Orissa has a vast hinterland generating cargo,
comprising of the developing Eastern and Central Indian States. Exports and imports
of food grains, mineral sands, raw materials, finished goods, fertilisers and edible oils
and petroleum products, by the large industrial houses located in the hinterland offer
long term potential for cargo. Any economic development taking place in the hinterland
States would have a direct bearing on the ports in Orissa.
In the recent past, new and improved technological developments have occurred in the
global shipping scenario, especially in the field of container handling equipment and in
the new port layout to accommodate container traffic. These technological
Page 5 Focus on promoting port based industrial areas
Focus of being nodal state offering port to hinterland
(Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh,
Maharashtra and Telangana)
Integrate Inland Waterways with port facilities
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developments demand new institutional set-up to capture the flow of major
investments in the State's port sector.
The port locations and the perennial riverine systems of Orissa are ideally situated to
adapt to the current developments in technology, in the areas of communication,
automation, cargo handling and ship technology. It is in this perspective that the
Government of Orissa, by evolving an integrated strategy, intends to implement its
vision.
Dhamra port, a green field project has already been handed over to a private developer.
International Seaports Company (ISP), Singapore, for the establishment of a major port
of international standards and the preliminary works are in progress.
Objectives:
The following objectives are identified for the new port policy:
To increase Orissa's share in the export and import sector, in national and international
trade and commerce, by taking advantage of the liberalisation and globalisation process.
To decongest the existing major ports, by developing minor ports, on the Eastern
coastal region, so as to cater to the needs of increasing volumes of international and
domestic traffic.
To handle 70-80 MT of Cargo by 2006 in the port sector, in Orissa, as envisaged by the
Government of India. Ministry of Shipping,
To provide port facilities to promote export-oriented and port-based industries, which
constitute the major chunk of industrial investment.
To encourage shipbuilding, ship repairing, and ship breaking and to establish
manufacturing facilities for heavy industries, in and around ports.
To provide facilities for coastal shipping of passengers and inter-State
cargo traffic and further extension of these services to West Bengal,
Andhra Pradesh. Tamil Nadu etc.
To take up suitable facilitating measures as well as policy initiatives for attracting private
sector investments in the development and operation of existing and new minor ports.
Page 6-7 Focus on shipbuilding, ship repairing and ship breaking
Promote Heavy Industrial Area in and around the ports
Coastal shipping (passenger and interstate cargo)
Attract private sector investment
Interlink Inland waterways and ports
Q: Odisha coastal area has environmentally sensitive zones,
the plans for any coastal industrial area, ship manufacturing
repairing, or breaking areas might result in serious conflicts
and would need detailed spatial as well as environmental
assessment
Q: Setting up industrial areas is equivalent to promoting
urbanisation/settlements in that area, if most of the new
industrial areas are proposed in the coastal belt in vicinity
of the port, the settlement/urbanisation pattern in Odisha
would change and also result in migration. This has spatial
implications that need to be looked into for ensuring
sustainable planning.
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To establish connectivity of the ports with the riverine systems so as to increase the
transportation of cargo through inland waterways.
Strategy
All this envisages an integrated port development strategy, consisting of creation of port
facilities and development of infrastructure facilities, like roads, railways and inland
waterways, in the hinterland. Large-scale financial outlays would be required to create these
new facilities, along with matching infrastructure. In view of the fact that cape size ships are
used in the transportation, to capture the economies of scale, ports would be developed,
with direct berthing and speedy mechanical handling facilities, so as to improve turnaround
of ships.
Page 7 Focus on developing infrastructure facilities like roads,
railways and other logistics facilities including container
freight stations.
Identified areas for investment:
private investment/PPP to complete incomplete jetties
identification of new port locations to handle petroleum products and liquefied chemicals
Page 9 Q: Odisha coastal area has environmentally sensitive zones,
plans for petroleum and chemical handling terminals might
result in serious conflicts and would need detailed spatial as
well as environmental assessment
Draft Infrastructure Policy (2001)
The State Government will identify and offer projects for private investment and also
declare few selected sectors as an Industry which shall be notified from time to time. A 10-
year perspective plan called Vision 2010 will be prepared identifying projects from various
sectors to be offered on private sector participation. Sector-wise action plan would be
prepared.
Page 1 An update in the form of vision 2030/2036 was
proposed in 2016, does it have any spatial planning
representation as part of it?
Odisha Renewable Energy Policy (2016)
Preamble:
Renewable energy assumes great significance in the wake of huge demand of electricity
throughout the country outstripping the supply, which is being largely met from coal based
thermal generation. Although Odisha has large deposits of power grade coal in Talcher and
IB Valley Areas which has attracted a number of thermal generating plants both in the
private and public sector, a commensurate effort is required to ramp up generation from
Page 3 Focus on promoting renewable energy in addition to
coal based thermal power generation
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renewable energy sources also. The Government of Odisha (GoO) had issued Policy
Guidelines on Power Generation from Non-Conventional Energy Sources vide
Notification No.6971 /ST, Bhubaneswar, ST-IV-RE-13/2005, dated the 3rd December,
2005 with an objective to reduce dependence on conventional sources of power generation,
protecting the environment, generation of employment in large scale, generation of grid-
quality power, encourage entrepreneurial investment, and to extend such rational fiscal and
promotional incentives so as to provide conducive atmosphere to attract private investment.
Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO):
All Obligated Entities in the State are required to purchase quantum of renewable energy as
prescribed by OERC in its Regulations Under Section 86(1)(e) of the Electricity Act 2003.
The Odisha Electricity Regulatory Commission (OERC) has also issued OERC
[Procurement of Energy from Renewable Sources and its Compliance] Regulations, 2015
for purchase of electricity from Renewable Energy sources, making it mandatory for the
obligated entities to source a certain percentage of their power purchase from Renewable
Energy sources.
According to the revised National Tariff Policy notified on 28ih January, 2016, the RPO
percentage will reach 8 per cent for Solar and 9 per cent for Non-Solar Power by the year
2022 (leaving hydro consumption]. According to the demand forecast done by the STU
(OPTCL), the requirement of Solar & Non-Solar Power will reach up to 1850 MW & 600
MW respectively by the year 2022. Further, MNRE has communicated the cumulative Solar
Power capacity addition target as 2191 MW by the year 2022 keeping in view the revised
National Tariff Policy 2016.
Hence, developing alternative power through renewable energy sources has become urgent
and the Odisha Renewable Energy Policy needs to be viewed from that angle. Over last few
years, many developments have taken place necessitating a strong policy push to propel the
growth of various renewable energy sources in Odisha. The present Policy had been framed
against these developments and backdrop in line with the GOI Framework under the
Electricity Act 2003 and the National Tariff Policy.
Page 3-4 Central government regulations as well as state
government regulations necessitate purchase of
renewable energy, target for 2022 is 8 per cent solar
power and 9 per cent non-solar renewable energy
(excluding hydro-power)
Q: Such drastic increase in renewable source necessitates
investments in generation capacity. Where are the new
solar, wind, tidal, hydroelectric etc. power plants proposed
to be located? Is the existing spatial network of Odisha
Electricity transmission adequate to cater to the RE
production?
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Solar
Land based Solar Projects
Projects Utilising water Bodies
Projects on Consumer Side of Meter
Solar Parks
Page 9-11 IDCO has identified large chunks of land under Land
Bank Scheme
Q: What was the criteria for identification of such land
parcels/land banks? Are these wastelands, non-utilisable
for any other purpose/economic use/benefits
Reservoirs/Lakes/canals/storage ponds to be
considered for coverage by solar panels/floating solar
panels
Q: GEDCOL has been assigned to coordinate the
land/water bodies’ survey and approvals from relevant
departments. Which are the relevant departments, what is
the coordination framework and is there a spatial pattern
to identification of land/water bodies for the said purpose?
Q: GEDCOL is also in charge of developing large/mega
solar parks, the land bank available with GEDCOL may be
allotted to solar park developments for a minimum
installation capacity of 10 MW and a maximum of 30 per
cent land area to one developer up to a maximum of 5
acres/MW.
Q: On what basis has such land been identified? Is it the
best use for the land parcel or is it only based on available
government land?
Wind
Wind Resource Assessment
Selection of developer and allotment of projects
Page 14-
15
Q: Is there any spatial mapping undertaken for potential
areas for wind farms
Bio-mass:
Identification of Biomass Catchments
selection of development and allotment of projects
Page 16 Spatial opportunities and constraints to be identified for
supply chain linkages and biomass catchments
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Land requirements
Sale of power
Wasteland and fallow lands to be allocated to eligible
developers for raising energy plantations
Translates to change in agriculture pattern, forest
pattern and grasslands
Q: What impact would waste land and fallow land
allocation have on ecology, agriculture pattern, replacing of
farming for food by farming for fuel.
Q: What locations have been identified for such purpose?
Q: Would it be necessary to ensure that the support price
for such crops should be lower than other food/cash
crops?
Q: How is department of Agriculture involved/considered
during decision making? Is there a committee with
representation from all relevant
departments/stakeholders?
Waste to Energy
Availability of land for Solid waste
Page 17 Q: Is the spatial mapping undertaken to ensure that the
catchment area of the solid waste type and quantity would
suffice the WTE plant location?
Solar Water Pumping for Irrigation, Drinking Water Supply etc.
An SPV water pumping system consists of an SPV array of 200-5000 W capacity. The array
is connected to a DC or AC pump of matching capacity that can be surface mounted,
submersible or floating type. The SPV array converts the sun light into electricity and
delivers it to run the motor with mono block DC pump. In case of AC pump an inverter is
used to convert DC output of the array into AC. No storage battery is required in this type
of pump. The normal pumping head is 10 m -100 m. This is most suitable for inaccessible
areas where decentralised application is necessary and where grid is unstable.
Page 19 Solar water pumping for irrigation can be a threat to
ground water table if not incentivised properly. With
high subsidy on solar water pumps making them
popular and energy being effectively free, incidences of
indiscriminate pumping of water can result in lower
water tables and lower agriculture productivity in the
longer run. It should be incentivised with micro-
irrigation techniques in tandem.
Odisha State Road Project
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In 2009, OSRP included construction of roads which are busy in state for a length of 461
km. 303 km have been used in
Berhampur – Taptapani (41 km)
Bhawanipatna – Khariar (68 km)
Chandabali – Bhadrak – Anandapur (88 km)
Jagatpur – Chandbali (106 km)
Presently, the proposal is to improve 600km of roads and widening of narrow culverts under
this project with a budget of 1290 crore rupees.
Major Focus on widening and upgradation of roads to
corridors
Focus on National and State Highways
Q: Is road hierarchy balanced with settlement hierarchy
throughout the state?
Q: Does spatial representation of roads hierarchy and
settlement hierarchy indicate any pattern?
Q: How are projects prioritised? Is spatial intelligence and
planning incorporated as part of the same?
Odisha State Highway Development Programme
State Highways play major role in economic development of the people as it connects
major & important places of the State as well as neighbouring States. Also, development
of these roads will improve tourism activities in the State as it connects major tourist
places, reduce Left wing extremism activities.
This scheme has been envisaged with a target of improving and widening of all state
highways to 2-lane corridors from its existing single/intermediate lane carriageway.
Up to end of 2016-17, 1213.00 km road length has been developed to 2-lane standard
with expenditure of Rs.2004 crore & 532 km is in progress.
During 2017-18, there is budget provision of Rs.500.00 crore for development of
another 500.00 m & to take up balance length of 413Km for 2-lanning.
Major Focus on widening and upgradation of roads to
corridors
Focus on National and State Highways
Q: Is road hierarchy balanced with settlement hierarchy
throughout the state?
Q: Does spatial representation of roads hierarchy and
settlement hierarchy indicate any pattern?
Q: How are projects prioritised? Is spatial intelligence and
planning incorporated as part of the same?
Special Central Assistance for Vijayawada – Ranchi Corridor
The objective of this project is to facilitate development of Naxal prone areas in order to
bring the inhabitants who are mainly poor tribe's to join the main stream of Society.
Development of this corridor will reduce Left Wing Extremism activities in those areas.
Besides, or implementation of this project, a through connection will be available from
Vijayawada to Ranchi with accessibility to the vulnerable areas, which will open the new
prospect of development in this areas equitable development of the un-development areas
The project has large potential to impact the spatial
development pattern in Odisha, with lesser conflicts in
backward regions, the chances of improved economic
prospects would be high.
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
presently deprived of basic necessities and removal of the regional disparities with improved
road connectivity.
Work Department had taken up the entire length of 962.70 km at a sanctioned cost of
Rs.2140.82 crore through various schemes. Out of this 962.70 km, State NH wing is
executing a length of 186.75 km & State Roads wing is executing a length of 775.95 km. By
the end of 2016-17, 785.51 km has been completed & balance 177.19 km is in progress. The
project Corridor will be completed by 2019
Q: Has the state planned/prioritised settlement pattern,
support infrastructure and other economic and social
facilities and opportunities in spatial terms?
Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Draft Odisha State Forest Policy
Vision and objectives
The overall vision for forest sector is ‘the Conservation of state’s rich bio-diversity and
forest with active participation of local communities for ecological security, livelihood for
the forest fringe dwellers, and production of goods for meeting people’s needs with the
support of an effective/vibrant processing and marketing network facilitated by a well-
structured and enabled forestry organisation.’
Consistent with the above vision, the state forest policy has the following objectives:
To improve the existing forest cover, and enhance their productive capacity for
ecological security.
To strengthen the conservation measures in protected areas and community reserves
for maintaining state’s rich biological diversity and gene pool with the active
participation of local communities.
To conserve & expand mangroves and coastal shelter belt plantations to mitigate the
severity of natural calamities.
Page 3 Focus in improving existing forest cover
Strengthen conservation measures for bio-diversity
Conserve and expand mangrove belt as a natural buffer
to coastal calamities
Convert shifting cultivation (Jhoom) to stable land use
systems
Promote Trees Outside Forests
Promote Land Use and Land Cover Planning and
Management in peripheral and non-forest areas in
general
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
To manage the forests based on the principles of sustainable forest management with
active community participation to leverage certified forests and processed forest
products for higher economic returns to the forest dependent communities.
To convert shifting cultivation or podu areas into a stable land use system by adopting
appropriate agro-forestry practices.
To promote tree cultivation outside forests to meet the growing demand of timber,
firewood and industrial wood and thereby reduce pressure on natural forests, and also
help in climate change mitigation.
To promote appropriate land use and land use changes that provide low cost options
for mitigating the consequences of climate change.
To build up the capacities of forest dependent communities through skill development
and adoption of appropriate technology complementing indigenous knowledge systems
to access alternative livelihood options for enhancing income and reduced subsistent
dependence on forest
Area under forest
Forest area of the state is already more than the area prescribed in the NFP, 1988.
Efforts, therefore, will be made to bring improvement in its health and structure through
appropriate protection and eco-restoration measures.
Discrete forest lands will be consolidated in contiguity of existing notified forest blocks
to convert them into viable units of forests for proper management.
The provisions of Orissa Forest Act, 1972 will be extended to such forest areas that
hitherto have remained outside its purview to prevent encroachment and degradation
and to incident management interventions for qualitative improvement.
Page 4 Focus on increasing and consolidating land under forests
Wildlife & Biodiversity Conservation
All protected areas will be managed through approved management plans to ensure
biodiversity conservation.
Page 6 Boundaries to be rationalised to exclude human
habitations (as far as possible)
Identify critical ecosystems and declare them as
conservation or community reserves
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Boundaries of protected areas will be rationalised to ensure, as far as possible, exclusion
of human habitations to assure them their inalienable rights vital for success of
conservation efforts.
Conservation efforts will be supplemented outside protected areas by declaring
identified critical ecosystems as ‘conservation reserve’ or ‘community reserve’ where
ever feasible.
Corridors between national parks, sanctuaries, forests and other protected areas will be
identified and established to maintain genetic continuity of flora and fauna, and minimise
straying of wild animals in to human habitation
Stakes of communities in conservation efforts will be strengthened and ensured through
their active involvement in eco-development committees and by partnering them in
ecotourism and other activities.
Efforts will be made to minimise Man-Animal conflict through adaptive practices for
mutually beneficial co-existence.
Ecological corridors between National parks,
sanctuaries, forests etc. to promote continuity of flora
and fauna
Minimise man-animal conflicts
Q: Are the spatial representations of ecological corridors
available with all other departments and regular
committee/meetings/stakeholder workshops undertaken
to ensure that developments are in line with the plans?
Q: What is the impact of biodiversity boards in managing
above and addressing conflicts pertaining to agricultural
practices?
Diversion of Forests Land
Diversion of forest land coming within ecologically sensitive zone and dense and very dense
categories will be discouraged. Sacrifice of forest cover for mining operation will be
minimised by making underground operation obligatory. Formal community consultation
shall be a prerequisite for any proposal of diversion of forest land and loss of livelihood
will be compensated through site specific rehabilitation plans.
Page 6 Q: How is the direct impact on mining and feasibility of
deposits for future mining integrated in the spatial plans
prepared as part of forest management plans
Increasing Forest Cover and Tree Cover
Forest Extension
Page 7-9 Convergence with other schemes like MGNREGA
Odisha Forest Vision (2020)
Improved forest Extent and conditions
Sustainable Forest Management
Non-Timber Forest Products and Wood
Bio Diversity Conservation Strategy
Focus on
Increasing and consolidating land under forests and trees
Wider protected area networks
Conservation outside protected areas
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Local Governance and Participatory Forestry
Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project
The duration of the project is for a period of 5 years starting from September, 2010. The
Department of Forest & Environment, Government of Odisha is the Nodal
Department for implementation of this five year project in Odisha which has been
extended for another 2 years by Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change,
Government of India till December 2017.
The ICZM (O) project has been conceived with an objective to facilitate the
development and implementation of an integrated management strategy for the coastal
zone, by adopting a broad perspective and a multi-sectoral approach, to ensure wise use
of coastal resources, perpetual maintenance of high level of biodiversity , conservation
of critical habitats and to maintain their ecological integrity including sustainable coastal
fishery, protection from extreme weather events, nature based tourism, and
infrastructure development.
To pursue mangrove planation as an alternative to safeguard resources through
recreating a new patch of green cover outside the demarcated forest area at the mouth
of Chilika lake.
Primary objective of biodiversity conservation planned to establish mangrove zones
across its project areas from Gopalpur to Chilika and from Paradip to Dhamara.
Feasible lands identified for mangrove plantation are at Arakhakuda village in Puri
district, Tarapada village and Itakandia village in Kendrapara district measuring –
94.12ha, 8.328 ha, 3.0 ha respectively.
Bio Shield, underground cabling, shelters, wind brakes,
flood brakes have direct implication on land and change
in land use
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
30,000 disaster resilient houses have been taken up under this Project (ODRP) within 5
km from the High Tide Line (HTL) in Ganjam, Khordha & Puri Districts of Odisha.
Improved public infrastructure will reduce vulnerability through improved drainage to
reduce floods, and increasing the resilience of public service infrastructure. It has
following four sub-components: (i) upgrading of slums; (ii) public service infrastructure;
(iii) community participation; and (iv) technical assistance.
Project is being implemented in Ganjam district covering 107 villages & 16,981
Beneficiaries in 104 relocation sites. Beneficiaries ranging from 50 to 1000 are
accommodated in the relocated sites. These habitations will be developed into model
villages with all basic community infrastructures like approach road, internal road, piped
water supply, electricity & complete sanitation measures. In Khordha almost all 236
beneficiaries are constructing their houses in-situ.
Q: A major part of Odisha is vulnerable to natural
calamities, spatial distribution indicates development within
5 km from HTL (coastal area), similar projects may need to
be taken up in other districts and flood prone areas as well.
A spatial plan integrating Vulnerable zones with settlement
patter is likely to assist in prioritisation of investments and
interventions.
Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Odisha Tourism Policy (2016)
Introduction
… Odisha, the soul of Incredible India has tremendous potential in tourism sector, because
of its golden history, strategic geographical location, diverse demography and profound
bounties of nature. Puri, the shrine of Lord Jagannath, one of the oldest pilgrimage centres,
famous for the Car festival, attracts lakhs of pilgrims round the year. The world famous Sun
Temple, a UNESCO heritage sites at Konark (12m century), the temple city of Bhubaneswar
(9m century) & Puri (11th century) are widely popular as the golden triangle which draws
tourists, both domestic & international in hordes.
Page 1-2 Odisha tourism offers:
Eco-Tourism
Heritage/Archaeological Tourism
Cultural Tourism
Religious Tourism
Beach Tourism
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Odisha has a long tradition of Buddhism starting from 1st century BC. The Golden
Casket containing the Buddhist relics, excavated Buddhist Stupas, Monasteries &
Viharas discovered at Lalitagiri, Ratnagiri & Udayagiri are famous, all over the world.
The Ashokan rock inscriptions of 3rd Century BC at Dhauli whe^e the historic war of
Kalinga was fought is the testimony to the existence of strong Buddhist tradition in
Odisha. In addition, as many as 200 Buddhist heritage sites have also been identified in
different parts of the State.
The State is bestowed with profound bounties of nature. Odisha is India's bridge to her
own golden past and a resurgent present. The grand scenic beauty of nature, historic
monuments, exotic sea beaches, luxuriant forest, majestic mountains, captivating
wildlife, mystic waterfalls, beautiful handicrafts, vast water bodies, famous classical and
folk dances, enchanting music and most importantly, its hospitable people are the
wonders that make the State as the supreme tourism destination of the world.
Land:
Department of Tourism shall identify & earmark suitable land parcels in important tourist
locations for development of tourism projects. The detail land schedule reserved for the
tourism projects shall be available in Departmental website which will be allotted to private
sector investors through a transparent mechanism after studying techno-economic
feasibility & employment generating potential of the concerned projects.
Page 5 Q: Spatial Planning for circuits may prove to be extremely
important for ensuring synergies in development, as each
tourism circuit is likely to have a set of destination
towns/villages and a base town city.
Road Transport:
Department of Tourism shall identify important state highways, roads connecting important
tourist destination and recommend the appropriate department for widening, beautification
& high-quality maintenance of these roads. The Government shall encourage private sector
for providing tourist amenities centre like public convenience, parking, cafeteria, souvenir
shop, medical facilities etc. alongside important roads. The State will encourage private
sector investment for boosting the transport service for various categories of tourists.
Air Connectivity:
Page 5 Q: Tourism destination development involves improving
destination facilities, last mile connectivity as well as
regional infrastructure development
Q: What is the spatial strategy being used to prioritise the
investments and developments for tourism purposes?
Q: How are the tourism development interventions likely to
impact the urbanisation process, infrastructure
development, impact on handicraft industries/MSME
clusters, water and other amenities requirements/demands?
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
The State Government shall endeavour to have direct air connectivity to important cities
and major tourist destinations of the country. State Government shall encourage developing
small air strips inside the state on PPP mode. Thrust shall be on providing more
international air linkage, to Bhubaneswar by alluring Airlines through underwriting of
tickets/incentives or any other mode as may be necessary to increase foreign tourist arrival
in the State.
Rail Connectivity:
The State Government shall pursue with the Indian Railway for expansion of railway
network inside the State especially to the important tourist destinations. Efforts shall also
be made to pursue Ministry of Railway for providing more superfast/luxury/special train to
different important tourist destination of the State. The State shall encourage luxury trains
in line of Palace-on-Wheels model in association with Indian Railway, Indian Railway
Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) and other neighboring States.
Mega tourism units
Theme Parks
Page 12 Large Revenue Generating Projects and Large Footfall
Projects have a direct impact on the urbanisation pattern,
migration and service sector of the nearest town.
Q: Spatial mapping and impact of such tourist attractions
would lead to better overall planning
Land Bank:
The State Government with the objective of establishment and promotion of tourism
has developed a robust land bank at key tourist locations throughout the State. Various
parcels of land suitable for development of tourism projects and currently being held
by General Administration (G.A.), Revenue, Odisha Industrial Infrastructure
Development Corporation (IDCO) & various other government agencies has been
earmarked & reserved for tourism purpose. The land so reserved will be allotted for
tourism project as per IPR 2015 rate as applicable. The Land Bank is meant to:
o Optimise the latent potential of land available all across the state and use it for
development of tourism infrastructure.
Page 18-19 Q: What is the spatial strategy to prioritise destinations/land
banks for investment?
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
o Facilitate investors to get land for tourism projects.
Though the DoT has developed a Land Bank, the efforts to identify more land shall be
a continuous process. DoT/District Tourism Promotion Council (DTPC) shall prima
facie identify lands/sites appropriate for tourism development through site visits, site
studies and assessment of tourism development potential in the area.
The identified land parcels shall be reserved in the form of a Land Bank for development
of appropriate categories of tourism projects as identified by DoT. The details of the
Land Bank for tourism projects would be made available on the websites of DoT and
the concerned district administration.
The role of DoT shall be of a facilitator and would be the first point for receiving
applications for development of Tourism Projects on the land identified through the
Land Bank. On receipt of applications from private entrepreneurs, DoT shall facilitate
the grounding of the tourism project. The disposal of the land/property shall be in
accordance with the decision of the appropriate Committee to be formulated by the
Department of Tourism.
Special Tourism Zone:
Many regions of the state have huge tourism potential. To have more focused intervention,
it is proposed that the state tourism promotion council will identify and notify such regions
as Special Tourism Zones. The state government shall develop quality infrastructure like
roads, sanitation, power supply and water supply through convergence of resources in the
special tourism zone. The state tourism promotion council may allow separate incentives in
the identified zone for specific time period.
Page 30 Q: What would be special about STZs, are there any
additional financial incentives? Or tax relaxations? Or
process relaxations? Or ease of approvals?
Q: Where exactly are these zones? What are the criteria for
delineating such zones?
Q: What would be the spatial impact of an STZ in terms of
urbanisation, infrastructure, water allocation, agriculture,
handicrafts, society, skill set requirements, migration
patterns, and environment including eco-sensitive areas,
grasslands, waterbodies, disaster management practices and
mitigation planning?
Ecotourism Policy (2013)
Development of ecotourism action plan for important destinations: Page 2 Focus on three Protected Areas
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
Ecotourism policy should be the guiding principle for promotion of ecotourism and
immediate steps should be taken for development of ecotourism action plan for important
destinations within the state. Three important thrust areas for ecotourism remain (i)
Simlipal, (ii)Satkosia and (iii) Bhitarkanika. These are to be planned and developed for the
tourists from within and outside state and the procedure for online advance booking for
accommodation and entry into the sanctuary should be streamlined and made simple. The
tourist accommodations in the peripheral locations outside the Protected Areas and Forests
can be developed by Tourism Department/OTDC Ltd. /OFDC Ltd on its own or in PPP
mode.
Focus on development of tourism facilities in peripheral
locations
Q: How is the spatial planning and capacity of nearby town
considered as part of the identified developments?
Strategy 4
The ecotourism market will be promoted by investing in the development of a network of
prime ecotourism destinations, having good, reliable means of access and ecolodges (and
home-stays) that demonstrate best practice in the use of renewable resources (materials,
energy etc), community management and experiential learning and quiet enjoyment for the
visitors. Destination outputs will:
Promote use of renewable and biodegradable resources.
Management by registered (Divisional level) ecotourism societies comprising Joint
forest Management Committees.
Promotion of non-motorised forms of transports as far as possible.
Activities will be of an experiential nature, enabling the visitor to learn and see from
'doing'. Trained and knowledgeable local instructors and guides will be available to
lead/facilitate/interpret such activities.
Promotion of eco-friendly waste disposal methodologies.
Page 4 Focus on Destination development and networking for
creating circuits
Q: The total tourism potential and carrying capacity needs
to be identified for the destination as well as location to plan
out the spatial expanse, economic, ecological and societal
impact of the proposed developments
Strategy 8:
The Government will promote establishment of tourism facilities especially within 5 km of
the boundary of the ecotourism area in a Public-Private-Community (PPC) partnership
mode. The local community will be engaged for providing the services in such projects. The
Page 6 Q: Eco-tourism facilities within 5 km of boundary of
ecotourism area may need considerations towards buffer
zones for the eco-sensitive areas, especially in terms of
future spatial and ecological impacts.
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Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder
communities will be entitled to at least 30 per cent of the net profit of such project run
through PPC partnership.
The land acquisition and allocation process in the state of Tamil Nadu for various purposes has been described in images below. The same seems to be in line with
the new Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act (Amendment) of 2015. A few questions have been highlighted in the subsequent images. The idea to
ask these questions is to derive how the Land Use Planning is impacted or considered as part of the project development process in various sectors.
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Figure 5: Land Acquisition and Allocation Process
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e
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The presence of a complex governance system with multiple sectoral departments and the complex
substructure of each indicates that different departments have different mandates functions and powers as
far as land use and utilisation is concerned. Whereas some department may have powers and functions
covering financial, planning, influencing land use outcomes, other departments may only be affected by
decisions of other departments. Furthermore, the powers and functions vested with a department or the
lack thereof, may or may not be restricted to a certain category of land use. Hence, it is important to evaluate
the roles of various department’s vis. - a – vis. each category of land use.
Following is a list of key functions their explanation and examples that have been allotted to the
department’s vis. – a – vis. each category of land use.
The department is in charge of and has the powers to undertake land acquisition.
Example: Suppose an Industrial Area is to be developed in Ganjam District, the department of Industries
would identify land requirements, location, criteria etc. but the authority to acquire land would be in hands
of Revenue Department. Hence, Revenue department would acquire land and allot it to department of
Industries
The department is dependent on the said land use/resource for successful completion of its other activities
.
Example: Suppose an Industrial Area is to be developed in Ganjam District, the department of Industries
would identify land requirements, location, criteria etc. if the industrial development is water intensive then,
the department of industries is dependent on Water Resources Department for allocation of Water, and
identification of location to draw water, and hence the department’s plans are dependent on waterbodies.
The department undertakes activities that grow/or cause to grow and become more mature, advanced and
elaborate a project, activity, intervention etc. so as to promote/strengthen a particular land use/resource.
Example: Suppose the government has identified a particular region for promoting dairying as an
economic proposition, the department of Fisheries and Animal Resources Development would undertake
activities to ensure that fodder plantations/projects are developed and necessary fodder is available for
consumption in the said region.
The departments is in charge of planning and executing Disaster Risk Reduction Measures, Disaster
Mitigation Measures, Disaster Management Post Disaster Rehabilitation and Resettlement.
Example: Suppose an Industrial Area is to be developed in Ganjam District, the department of Industries
would identify land requirements, location, criteria etc. but if the industrial area is present in a
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vulnerable/disaster prone zone, the possibility of Major Accident Hazard increases, this would need
mitigation planning, risk reduction measures, disaster management plan etc. generally such measures, plans
are prepared or approved by the State Disaster Management Authority (which in most cases is under
revenue department).
The department is in charge of and has the powers to execute a National/State Government
scheme/program that has the potential to impact a particular land use/resource.
Example: Suppose an area is identified for development as a Rurban cluster, then the department of
Panchayati Raj, would undertake certain activities and implement certain plans under the Rurban scheme
of Government of India. The implementation of the scheme would result in overall development in the
area thereby leading to improvement of infrastructure, possibility of change in agricultural pattern with a
shift to cash crops, or simply a change in land use from agriculture to settlements.
The success or failure of plans, investments, and scheme implementation being undertaken by a department
are affected due to decisions taken by some other department for a particular land use/resource.
Example: Suppose Energy Department has plans to promote, develop, invest in a thermal power plant in
a coastal area, such a plan/investment would be directly impacted by the decision of environment and
forest department if a part of the area/region as a whole is declared as eco-sensitive zone and environmental
clearances are denied/conditionally granted.
The plans, investments, scheme implementation being undertaken by a department affects other
departments in an area or a particular sector, possibly resulting in a change in a change in land use/resource
utilisation.
Example: Decision to develop/promote a port or a major logistics facility at a certain location would
directly influence the decisions/plans of department of industries for locating and/or developing future
industrial areas/regions/corridors.
The plans, investments, decision making of a department are affected by change in land use/resource
utilisation resulted in by decisions/plans/investments of other departments in an area or a particular sector.
Example: Suppose Tourism Department has plans to promote, develop, invest in a circuit with four-five
different locations/towns in vicinity to each other, such a decision would be influenced by the decision of
highways department to/not to develop a highway/good connectivity on the same or a different route.
The department is in-charge of and has the mandate to plan a budget, spend money, and finance a particular
project or development of the land use/resources as a whole.
Example: Suppose an area is an existing rain-fed agriculture zone with no irrigation facilities; the water
resources departments may decides to invest in developing a dam/barrage for irrigation purposes on request
from the agricultural department that has decided to invest in changing the cropping pattern and soil health.
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The department undertakes activities that enable or cause to continue the present condition/situation, at
the same level or rate by keeping the said land use/resource in good condition by checking, repairing,
servicing, rebuilding, conserving, preserving it regularly.
Example: Suppose the Government of Odisha is promoting a region for economic development and
industries, settlement expansion, irrigated agriculture and tourism are being promoted. All these
developmental activities would have certain impact on the freshwater sources as available in the region, the
department of water resources would then be in-charge of undertaking all activities that cause to continue
the present status of the water resources (river/lake/underground water etc.) so as to ensure that the water
level, quality, availability is the same or not reduced to non-replenish-able levels resulting in degradation.
The department is in charge of and has the mandate to put in place a system that feeds in, maintains,
analyses a structured set of data that is easily accessible in various ways preferably on a computer for a
particular land use/resource.
Example: Each department maintains statistics/database of relevant details that are useful for decision
making, planning, investment as well as day to day functioning. However, such details are maintained as a
silo, the information captured in them may/may not be usable or useful by other departments that are
impacted. It would therefore become important for one department to ensure that the statistics maintained
by all other departments are in convergence with each other.
The department is in charge of and has the mandate to observe and check the progress or quality over a
period of time by maintaining a systematic review and to officially agree to accept as satisfactory any
interventions, plans, investment and influence there off by any other department with reference to a
particular land use/resource.
Example: Suppose the industries department is developing an industrial corridor, the area/region under
the same would have components of all other land uses, there would be numerous schemes under (for e.g.
Smart Cities, AMRUT, PMSGY, PMSKY, Rurban, Watershed development, etc.) it would become
important to ensure that the developments being undertaken by industries department and those by all
other departments are in sync with each other, hence the Planning and Convergence Department would be
in charge of observing and checking the progress of all schemes and development proposals.
The plans, investments, scheme implementation being undertaken by a department affects other
departments in an area or a particular sector, resulting in a change in current situation or scenario of land
use/resource utilisation in a bad or unwelcome quality.
Example: The decision of Housing and Urban Development departments to allow expansion of an urban
area, or industries department to development a new industrial area, or the agricultural department to
promote use of fertilisers and pesticides in a certain region may result in drying up, pollution and or
eutrophication in a lake and/or wetland in vicinity.
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The department is in charge of and has the mandate to conceptualise and prepare a detailed proposal for
doing or achieving an intention or decision about what should be done to enable or cause itself or other
departments to develop and/or maintain the said land use/resource in good condition.
Example: For e.g. Department of Mines is in charge of planning the mining licencing, rate of mining, end
of life use of the mines, identifying potential mines etc. for ensuring sustainable utilisation of the limited
resources.
The department is in charge of and has the mandate to support and/or actively encourage all stakeholders
to enable or cause itself or other departments to develop and/or maintain the said land use/resource in
good condition.
Example: Suppose Tourism Department has plans to develop and invest in a circuit with four-five
different locations/towns in vicinity to each other, then the tourism department would actively promote
the said circuit so as to attract investments from private sector and encourage community participation in
developing hotels, resorts, home stays, tours and guides, clean cities etc. and make the circuits attractive to
tourists..
The department is in charge of and has the mandate to undertake adequate preparations so as to make
available for use technical support and/or assistance for collaborating with other departments to develop
and/or maintain the said land use/resource in good condition.
Example: For e.g. the Department of Science and Technology has developed and maintains a GIS
Platform that helps decision making, by utilising statistical as well as spatial database with spatio-temporal
analysis along with satellite images and remote sensing. Such analytical support is being used by various
departments like forests, agriculture, rural development, urban development etc. for the purpose of better
planning, governance and maintenance of land use..
Some functions of almost all departments in the government of Odisha are linked to forests and protected
areas as a land use. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 18. A more detailed
matrix is attached in Annexure 2.
Table 15 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Forests and Protected Areas
Government
Department Protected Areas
Conservation and
Community Reserves
Areas of Ecological
Importance
(Development Control)
Forests and
Environment
Plan, influence, develop,
invest maintain, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions
Plan, influence, develop,
invest, maintain, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions
Plan, influence, develop,
invest, maintain, execute
schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and
approve interventions
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Table 15 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Forests and Protected Areas
Government
Department Protected Areas
Conservation and
Community Reserves
Areas of Ecological
Importance
(Development Control)
Panchayati Raj - Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
-
Planning and
Convergence
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions, maintain
statistics
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions, maintain
statistics
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and
approve interventions,
maintain statistics
Rural
Development
- Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
-
Some functions of almost all departments in the government of Odisha are linked to grasslands, grazing
lands and pastures as a land use. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 16.
A more detailed matrix is attached in Annexure 2.
Table 16 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Grasslands, Grazing Land and
Pastures
Government
Department Grass Lands
Revenue Pasture and
Grazing Lands
Land Suitable for
Fodder Production
Agriculture and
Farmer’s
Empowerment
Impacted by decisions of
other departments,
Influence, provide
technical support for
fodder management
Impacted by decisions
of other departments,
Influence, provide
technical support for
fodder management
Impacted by decisions of
other departments,
Influence, provide
technical support for
fodder management
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Table 16 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Grasslands, Grazing Land and
Pastures
Government
Department Grass Lands
Revenue Pasture and
Grazing Lands
Land Suitable for
Fodder Production
Fisheries and
Animal Resources
Development
Plan, influence, develop,
invest, execute schemes,
provide technical
support, impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Plan, influence,
develop, invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Plan, influence, develop,
invest, execute schemes,
provide technical
support, impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Forests and
Environment
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions
- Plan, influence, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
impacted by decisions of
other departments
Panchayati Raj Negative Influence Negative Influence Influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions
Rural Development Negative Influence Negative Influence Influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Some functions of almost all departments in the government of Tamil Nadu are linked to waterbodies as a
land use. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 17. A more detailed matrix
is attached in Annexure 2.
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Table 17 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Waterbodies
Government
Department Saline Fresh (Flowing) Fresh (Stagnant) Wetlands
Fisheries and
Animal
Resources
Development
Influence, invest,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support
Influence, invest,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support
Influence, invest,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support
Negative Influence
Forests and
Environment
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence, invest,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support, monitor
and approve
interventions
Influence, invest,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support, monitor and
approve interventions
Influence, invest,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support, monitor and
approve
interventions
Panchayati
Raj
- Influence, impacted
by decisions of
other departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Negative Influence
Planning and
Convergence
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain statistics
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain statistics
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
maintain statistics
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
maintain statistics
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
Influence, impacted
by decisions of
other departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of
other departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Water
Resources
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of other
departments
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Some functions of almost all departments in the government of Odisha are linked to agriculture as a land
use. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 18. A more detailed matrix is
attached in Annexure 2.
Table 18 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Agriculture
Government
Department
Agro
climatic
Zones
Cultivated Cultivable Irrigated Irrigable Soil Health
Agriculture
and Farmer’s
Empowerment
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
and
maintain
statistics
Plan,
promote,
influence,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support, and
maintain
statistics
Plan,
promote,
develop,
influence,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support, and
maintain
statistics
Plan,
promote,
develop,
influence,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support, and
maintain
statistics
Plan,
influence,
maintain
statistics,
invest, execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Panchayati Raj Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Planning and
Convergence
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
- Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
- Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
-
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Table 18 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Agriculture
Government
Department
Agro
climatic
Zones
Cultivated Cultivable Irrigated Irrigable Soil Health
Rural
Development
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Water
Resources
Influence,
provide
technical
support
Influence,
provide
technical
support
Influence,
provide
technical
support
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
provide
technical
support
Some functions of almost all departments in the government of Odisha are linked to industries as a land
use. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 19. A more detailed matrix is
attached in Annexure 2.
Table 19 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Industries
Government
Department
Industrial
Corridors
Special
Investment
Regions
Special
Economic
Zones
Industrial
Estates
Industrial
Clusters
Individual
Industrial
Units
Handloom,
Textiles and
Handicrafts
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
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Table 19 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Industries
Government
Department
Industrial
Corridors
Special
Investment
Regions
Special
Economic
Zones
Industrial
Estates
Industrial
Clusters
Individual
Industrial
Units
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Industries Plan,
promote,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments,
maintain
statistics
Plan,
promote,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments,
maintain
statistics
Plan,
promote,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments,
maintain
statistics
Plan,
promote,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments,
maintain
statistics
Plan,
promote,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments,
maintain
statistics
Plan,
promote,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments,
maintain
statistics
MSME Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
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Table 19 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Industries
Government
Department
Industrial
Corridors
Special
Investment
Regions
Special
Economic
Zones
Industrial
Estates
Industrial
Clusters
Individual
Industrial
Units
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Planning and
Convergence
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
Maintain
statistics
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Skill
Development
and Technical
Education
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Some functions of few departments in the government of Odisha are linked to mines as a land use.
Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 20. A more detailed matrix is attached
in Annexure 2.
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Table 20 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Mines
Government
Department Ongoing Mining Mining Potential Mine Deposits
Steels and Mines Plan, promote,
influence, develop,
maintain, invest,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support, monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Plan, promote, influence,
develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide
technical support, monitor and
approve interventions, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Plan, promote, influence,
develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide
technical support, monitor
and approve interventions,
impacted by decisions of
other departments
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
Plan, influence,
monitor and approve
interventions
Plan, influence, monitor and
approve interventions
-
Some functions of many departments in the government of Odisha are linked to tourism as a land use
theme. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 21. A more detailed matrix is
attached in Annexure 2.
Table 21 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Tourism
Government Department
Environment and Forests
Housing and Urban
Development
Commerce and
Transport
Planning and Convergence
Revenue and Disaster
Management
Tourism, Culture and Religious Endowments
Religious Tourism
-
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, impacted by decisions of other departments
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, provide technical support
Influence, monitor and approve interventions, maintain statistics
Influence, Acquisition, impacted by decisions of other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes, provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions, impacted by decisions of other departments
Beach Tourism
Influence, impacted by decisions of other departments
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, impacted by decisions of other departments
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, provide technical support
Influence, monitor and approve interventions, maintain statistics
Influence, Acquisition, impacted by decisions of other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes, provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions, impacted by decisions of other departments
Eco-Tourism
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes,
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, impacted by decisions of
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, provide
Influence, monitor and approve interventions, maintain statistics
Influence, Acquisition, impacted by decisions of other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes, provide technical support, monitor and approve
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Table 21 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Tourism
Government Department
Environment and Forests
Housing and Urban
Development
Commerce and
Transport
Planning and Convergence
Revenue and Disaster
Management
Tourism, Culture and Religious Endowments
provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions
other departments
technical support
interventions, impacted by decisions of other departments
Business /Conference
Tourism -
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, impacted by decisions of other departments
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, provide technical support
Influence, monitor and approve interventions, maintain statistics
Influence, Acquisition, impacted by decisions of other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes, provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions, impacted by decisions of other departments
Heritage /Archaeology
Tourism -
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, impacted by decisions of other departments
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, provide technical support
Influence, monitor and approve interventions, maintain statistics
Influence, Acquisition, impacted by decisions of other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes, provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions, impacted by decisions of other departments
Festivals /Fairs Tourism
-
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, impacted by decisions of other departments
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, provide technical support
Influence, monitor and approve interventions, maintain statistics
Influence, Acquisition, impacted by decisions of other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes, provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions, impacted by decisions of other departments
Rural /Agricultural
Tourism - -
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, provide technical support
Influence, monitor and approve interventions, maintain statistics
Influence, Acquisition, impacted by decisions of other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes, provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions, impacted by decisions of other departments
Leisure /Amusement
/Entertainment Tourism
-
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, impacted by decisions of other departments
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, provide technical support
Influence, monitor and approve interventions, maintain statistics
Influence, Acquisition, impacted by decisions of other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes, provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions, impacted by decisions of other departments
Way Side Amenities
-
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, impacted by
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,
Maintain statistics
Influence, Acquisition, impacted by decisions of
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
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Table 21 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Tourism
Government Department
Environment and Forests
Housing and Urban
Development
Commerce and
Transport
Planning and Convergence
Revenue and Disaster
Management
Tourism, Culture and Religious Endowments
decisions of other departments
execute schemes, provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions
other departments
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Some functions of almost all the departments in the government of Odisha are linked to infrastructure as
a land use theme. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 22. A more detailed
matrix is attached in Annexure 2.
Table 22 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Infrastructure
Government
Department
Commerce and
Transport Energy
Housing and
Urban
Development
Planning and
Convergence
Public Works
Department
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
Roads Influence Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence, plan,
invest, execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Airports Influence Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence, plan,
invest, execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
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Table 22 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Infrastructure
Government
Department
Commerce and
Transport Energy
Housing and
Urban
Development
Planning and
Convergence
Public Works
Department
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
Railways Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Ports Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Inland
Waterways
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Other
Logistics
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence, plan,
invest, execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
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Table 22 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Infrastructure
Government
Department
Commerce and
Transport Energy
Housing and
Urban
Development
Planning and
Convergence
Public Works
Department
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
other
departments
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Power
Generation
(Renewable)
- Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Power
Generation
(Non-
Renewable)
- Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
- Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Power
Generation
(Nuclear)
- Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
- Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Power Grid
/Sub Station
- Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
- Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
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Table 22 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Infrastructure
Government
Department
Commerce and
Transport Energy
Housing and
Urban
Development
Planning and
Convergence
Public Works
Department
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
Power
Transmission
Lines
Influence Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
invest, execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain
statistics
- Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Some functions of almost all the departments in the government of Odisha are linked to settlements as a
land use theme. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 23. A more detailed
matrix is attached in Annexure 2.
Table 23 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Settlements
Government
Department Existing Settlement
Proposed upcoming
Settlements (Greenfield) Settlement Expansion
Housing and
Urban
Development
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and
approve interventions,
impacted by decisions of
other departments
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and
approve interventions,
impacted by decisions of
other departments
Industries Influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, impacted by
decisions of other
departments
MSME Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted
Panchayati Raj Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions, impacted
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and
approve interventions,
impacted by decisions of
other departments
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and
approve interventions,
impacted by decisions of
other departments
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Table 23 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Settlements
Government
Department Existing Settlement
Proposed upcoming
Settlements (Greenfield) Settlement Expansion
by decisions of other
departments
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
Influence, Acquisition,
impacted by decisions of
other departments
Influence, Acquisition,
impacted by decisions of
other departments
Influence, Acquisition,
impacted by decisions of
other departments
Rural
Development
Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted
Some functions of almost all the departments in the government of Odisha are linked to settlements as a
land use theme. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 23. A more detailed
matrix is attached in Annexure 2.
Table 24 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Wastelands
Government
Department
Agriculture and
Farmer’s
Empowerment
Fisheries and
Animal
Resource
Development
Forests and
Environment
Science and
Technology
/IT
Planning and
Convergence Revenue
Gullied and
Ravinous
- - Plan, influence,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support, impacted
by decisions of
other departments
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Maintain statistics Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Land
Affected
with
Salinity/Alka
linity
- - Plan, influence,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support, impacted
by decisions of
other departments
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain statistics
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Degraded
Agriculture
& Forest
Land
Plan, influence,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support,
Plan, influence,
execute
schemes,
provide
Plan, influence,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support, impacted
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
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Table 24 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Wastelands
Government
Department
Agriculture and
Farmer’s
Empowerment
Fisheries and
Animal
Resource
Development
Forests and
Environment
Science and
Technology
/IT
Planning and
Convergence Revenue
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
technical
support,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
by decisions of
other departments
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
technical support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain statistics
other
departments
Degraded
Pastures and
Grazing
Land
- Plan, influence,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan, influence,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support, impacted
by decisions of
other departments
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain statistics
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Sands - - Plan, influence,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support, impacted
by decisions of
other departments
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain statistics
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Industrial
Waste Land
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- - Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain statistics
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Mining
Waste Land
/Closed
Mines
- - Influence, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
impacted by
decisions of other
departments,
Monitor and
Approve
Interventions
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain statistics
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
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Table 24 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Wastelands
Government
Department
Agriculture and
Farmer’s
Empowerment
Fisheries and
Animal
Resource
Development
Forests and
Environment
Science and
Technology
/IT
Planning and
Convergence Revenue
Data Base
Management
Barren
/Rocky
/Stoney
Waste Land
- - - Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
maintain statistics
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
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The land use (planning) policy envisages to bridge this gap be bringing on board a multi-sectoral approach
and ownership to ensure that the underlying themes/essence of various existing policies and guidelines of
different sectors are captured and well represented in the proposed land use (planning) policy to ensure
that synergy is achieved across various sectors.
For the purpose of formulation of the land use (planning) policy and related guiding documents, formation
of a multi-sectoral working group (involving multiple state sectoral departments) is envisaged. As part of
the structure, an academic expert panel is also proposed for guiding and vetting the policies and other
supporting/guiding documents.
A working group has been envisaged for formulation of the draft policy. The group would essentially be
responsible for coordination of the entire process including interaction with stakeholder departments on
theme basis. The structure of working group, themes and sub-themes is indicated in the image below:
Figure 6: Working Group and Themes
GIZ team would provide technical support through the entire process.
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As part of the working group, a core group has been envisaged for formulation of the draft policy. The
core group would essentially be responsible for coordination of the entire process. Inter alia, the functions
of the core working group would include (not limited to):
Allocating time for meetings at regular intervals
Ensuring Inter-departmental coordination and cooperation across the governance structure in Odisha
Take lead in facilitating theme/sub theme based stakeholder consultations
Finalising the scope of policy with due guidance from panel of academic experts
Moderate each subtheme to assess gaps in existing provisions (policies, acts, rules and regulations)
Facilitate data and information collection as necessary for the purpose of drafting the policy
Enlist issues/concerns of land use practices, governance and management in Odisha based on gap
assessment, stakeholder interactions and guidance from panel of academic experts
Record all stakeholder interaction and consultation meetings, workshops and circulate the same to
attendees for inputs and finalisation
Close coordination with Department of Town and Country Planning to create a broad framework
guideline for creating ‘Spatial Land Use Plans at Regional /District level’ that can be integrated into the
governance structure for the state and build consensus with other sectoral departments for the same
Formulate policy drafts and the records and information as available with support from GIZ
Present and discuss draft policy to the State level Steering committee for review and inputs
Revise and update the draft policy incorporating feedback from all stakeholders, departments, and the
panel of academic experts to achieve consensus and eventual submission to the State for approval.
It is envisaged that the heads of various relevant sectoral divisions/departments would undertake the above
mentioned role. The list of core working group representatives is mentioned below:
Nominated official, Planning & Convergence Department, Odisha
Nominated official, Revenue & Disaster Management Department, Odisha
Nominated official, Housing and Urban Development Department, Odisha
Nominated official, Panchayati Raj Department, Odisha
Nominated official, Forest & Environment Department, Odisha
Nominated official, Water Resources Department, Odisha
Nominated official, Micro Small & Medium Enterprise Department, Odisha
Director & Chief Town Planner, Directorate of Town Planning, Odisha
GIZ team would provide all necessary technical support through the entire process. Among other things
the support would be in the form of knowledge provision, research and information assessments, drafting
of formats for data/information collection, usage and interpretation, drafting the policy, etc. The GIZ team
would further ensure the following:
Allocating time for meetings with the working group, panel of academic experts as well as other key
stakeholders.
Support working group in ensuring Inter-departmental coordination and cooperation across the
governance structure in Odisha by providing out of box thinking, ideas and concepts
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Support working group with a baseline information assessment, moderation as well as collation of
information for ensuring successful theme/sub theme based stakeholder consultations
Close interaction and follow-ups with panel of academic experts including identifying them and
bringing them on board
Support working group in assessing gaps in existing provisions (policies, acts, rules and regulations)
Analyse enlisted issues/concerns of land use practices, governance and management in Odisha based
on gap assessment, stakeholder interactions and guidance from panel of academic experts
Support working group with formats for recording stakeholder interactions, consultation meetings,
workshops and circulate the same to attendees for inputs and finalisation
Support working group in ensuring close coordination with Department of Town Planning in creating
a broad framework guideline for ‘Spatial Land Use Plans at Regional /District level’ that can be
integrated into the governance structure for the state
Support working group in formulation of policy drafts
Support working group in presenting and discussing draft policy to the State level Steering committee
for review and inputs
Support working group (if necessary) in undertaking revision and updates to the draft policy
incorporating feedback from all stakeholders, departments, and the panel of academic experts to
achieve consensus and eventual submission to the State for approval.
Knowledge support from the academic advisory panel is expected in terms of observations and
recommendations on baseline, scope of policy and the draft policy itself. The panel of academic experts
has been targeted to garner representations from various planning colleges/universities located in different
states across the country to ensure incorporation of as varied experiences as possible.
The documents prepared by core working group through support of GIZ shall be shared with the academic
expert panel for their inputs, review and recommendations on the notes and short reports on
theme/fortnightly/monthly basis.
It is suggested that the state consider organising a one/two day workshop on completion of the draft of
the policy inviting the panel for knowledge sharing and dissemination purposes.
The list of academic experts proposed to be part of the panel is mentioned below:
Dr. Satish K. Kulshreshtha, Senior Consultant, Land Use Planning & Management Project, GIZ India
Dr. Parthasarathy, Director and Professor, GIDR
Dr. Shravan Kumar Acharya, Professor, JNU
Dr. Asha Rajvanshi, Senior Professor, WII, Dehradun
Dr. N. Sridharan, Professor SPA Delhi, Director, SPA Bhopal
Dr. Sejal Patel, Professor, CEPT University
Dr. Ajay Katuri, GIS and Disaster Management Expert
Dr. Kiran Sandhu, Professor, GNDU
Dr. C. N. Ray, Professor (Retired), Faculty of Planning, Centre for Planning and Technology (CEPT)
University, Gujarat
Dr. Sudeshna Mitra, Professor, IIHS
Odisha Specific Representation from Academic Experts
Prof. Kajri Misra, Xavier School of Rural Management, Xavier University of Bhubaneswar, Odisha
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Mr. Krishna Chandra Ratha, Professor, Department of Geography, Utkal University, Bhubaneshwar,
Odisha
Dr. Ajit Kumar Mishra, Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture Economics, Odisha University
of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha
Prof. Bhagabana Sahu, Professor of History, Berhampur University, Berhampur, Odisha
It is understood that a good Land Use (Planning) Policy would be a spatial governance tool that balances
considerations to all sectors at all levels of governance. Some of the key consideration for formulation of
the policy draft would include:
Linking of various tax policy incentives to proposed land use (planning) policy
Linking sub-national/state level fiscal systems, schemes, projects that directly impact efficiency of land
use to the proposed land use (planning) policy
Integrating the demographic and economic trends as all settlements are interdependent
Integrating various sectors and levels of government to ensure smooth decision in multi-sectoral
environment to overcome sectoral silos (if any)
Strengthening regional considerations as part of planning and project conceptualisation
Enhancing institutional/coordination mechanisms based on strengths of state
This necessitate consultations and close interactions with multiple stakeholder (sectoral departments) that
are experts in their respective fields. Such consultations are envisaged under three fundamental themes of
sustainability, i.e. Environment, Economy and Society. Each of these fields may have one or more sub-
themes. These sub themes, the proposed working group representatives, the proposed coordinator from
the core working group as well as the envisaged scope of work is briefly mentioned below.
In general, the representatives from the relevant sectoral departments are expected to:
Nominate relevant/knowledgeable personnel for representing the department
Allocate time for meetings at regular intervals
Enlist and share existing provisions (policies, acts, rules and regulations) for resolving conflicts with
development projects
Assess gaps in existing provisions (policies, acts, rules and regulations) for resolving conflicts with
development projects
Provide inputs and review the draft policy with suggestions for incorporation as part of sector specific
land use considerations
Strive to arrive at consensus for enhancing the coordination mechanisms with other departments
Theme/sub theme specific roles and scope are mentioned in the following sections
7.4.1.1 Sub Theme: Forests and Protected Areas
The sub theme of forests and protected areas essentially revolves around the impact on as well as impact
of protected areas, conservation and community reserves, and areas of ecological importance especially in
terms of development control.
7.4.1.1.1 Stakeholder/Sectoral Departments
The sub-group is expected to have representation/inputs from the following departments
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Forest and Environment Department
Planning and Convergence Department
Rural Development Department
Panchayati Raj Department
Director Town Planning is expected to take up the role of coordination jointly with Principal Chief
Conservator of Forests, Forest & Environment Department.
7.4.1.1.2 Agenda for consultations on Forests and Protected Areas
Among other things the stakeholders/sectoral departments would
Share necessary information regarding forests, protected areas, conservation and community reserves,
and areas of ecological importance
Enlist and share issues/concerns of land use practices that conflict with forests as a land use
Formulate vision statement for forest as a land use
7.4.1.2 Sub Theme: Grasslands/Pastures and Grazing Land
The sub theme of Grasslands/Pastures and Grazing Land essentially revolves around the impact on as well
as impact of Grasslands, Revenue Pastures and Grazing land and land suitable for fodder production in
terms of development of settlements, agriculture, industries, tourism and other land uses.
7.4.1.2.1 Stakeholder/Sectoral Departments
The sub-group is expected to have representation/inputs from the following departments
Forest and Environment Department
Revenue and Disaster Management Department
Fisheries and Animal Resources Development Department
Agriculture Department
Rural Development Department
Panchayati Raj Department
Director Town Planning, Director, Revenue Department and Panchayati Raj Department are expected to
jointly take up the role of coordination.
7.4.1.2.2 Agenda for consultations on Grasslands/Pastures and Grazing Land
Among other things the stakeholders/sectoral departments would
Share necessary information regarding extent and expanse of grasslands, pastures, grazing lands, status
of livestock and fodder production as well as the carrying capacity, stocking rates and environmental
status of the same
Enlist and share issues/concerns of land use practices that conflict with grasslands, pastures and grazing
land as a land use
Formulate vision statement for grasslands, pastures and grazing land as a land use
7.4.1.3 Sub Theme: Water Bodies
The sub theme of Water Bodies shall focus on the impact of development activities on saline, fresh flowing,
fresh stagnant water bodies as well as wetlands.
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7.4.1.3.1 Stakeholder/Sectoral Departments
The sub-group is expected to have representation from the following departments
Water Resources Department
Forest and Environment Department
Planning and Convergence Department
Revenue and Disaster Management Department
Rural Development Department
Panchayati Raj Department
Fisheries and Animal Resources Development Department
Director Town Planning and Director, Water Resources Department and Director, Panchayati Raj
Department are expected to jointly take up the role of coordination.
7.4.1.3.2 Agenda for consultations on Waterbodies
Among other things the stakeholders/sectoral departments would
Share necessary information regarding extent and expanse of various categories of waterbodies and
ground water aquifers in terms of size, capacity, catchment, seasonality, quality and environmental
status of the same
Enlist and share issues/concerns of land use practices that either depend on or result in negative
influence on waterbodies as a land use
Enlist and share policies, guiding documents, considerations, issues/concerns in competitive water
resource allocation between various sectors including (but not limited) to irrigation, industries,
settlements, environment, etc.
Formulate vision statement for waterbodies as a land use
7.4.2.1 Sub Theme: Agriculture
The sub theme of Agriculture shall focus on the impact on as well as impact of agro-climatic zones,
cultivates and cultivable areas, irrigated and irrigable areas, the soil health in general, fallow land and land
use conversions with due consideration to development activities and environmental impacts across various
sectors.
7.4.2.1.1 Stakeholder/Sectoral Departments
The sub-group is expected to have representation from the following departments
Agriculture Department
Planning and Convergence Department
Water Resources Department
Rural Development Department
Panchayati Raj Department
Director, Town Planning and Director, Agriculture Department are expected to jointly take up the role of
coordination.
7.4.2.1.2 Agenda for consultations on Agriculture
Among other things the stakeholders/sectoral departments would
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Share necessary information regarding farm holdings, cropping patterns, cultivated and cultivable areas,
irrigated and irrigable areas and other agriculture plans and practices with due consideration to micro-
agro-climatic zones and agri-infrastructure
Enlist and share policies, guiding documents, considerations, issues/concerns that guide strengthening
of agriculture as an economic prospect and/or result in conflicts or negative influence on sustainable
agriculture and related project/investment prioritisation
Formulate vision statement for agriculture as a land use
7.4.2.2 Sub Theme: Industries
The sub theme of Industries shall focus on industrial corridors, special investment regions, special
economic zones, industrial estates, clusters and individual units along with land use conversions with due
consideration to environmental, economic as well as other social impacts across various sectors and land
uses.
7.4.2.2.1 Stakeholder/Sectoral Departments
The sub-group is expected to have representation from the following departments
Industries Department
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Department
Handlooms, Textiles and Handicrafts Department
Skill Development Department
Planning and Convergence Department
Revenue Department
Directory Town Planning and Commissioner, Industries Department are expected to jointly take up the
role of coordination.
7.4.2.2.2 Agenda for consultations on Industries
Among other things the stakeholders/sectoral departments would
Share necessary information regarding industrial development in the state with due consideration to
total estimated area, earmarked land, land under possession, envisaged investments, production and
employment generation, current status of development and future plans in short (3 years), medium (7
years) and long term (15 years)
Enlist and share policies, guiding documents, considerations, issues/concerns that guide strengthening
of industrial development, cluster formation, promoting MSMEs, locating industries in the state and
related project/investment prioritisation among various industrial sub-sectors, and positive as well as
negative influence on other land uses and sectors
Enlist and detail out challenges in land acquisition, land valuation and land availability/banking at
desired locations along with possible alternative mechanisms for resolving disputes and getting access
to land resources with minimum conflict to environment, society etc. for enabling faster clearances
Formulate vision statement for industries as a land use
Formulate an industrial development strategy
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7.4.2.3 Sub Theme: Mines
The sub theme of Mines shall focus on ongoing mining area/zones, mining potential as well as mining
deposits with due consideration to environmental, economic as well as other social impacts across various
sectors and land uses.
7.4.2.3.1 Stakeholder/Sectoral Departments
The sub-group is expected to have representation from the following departments
Steel and Mines Department
Revenue Department
Industries Department
Forest and Environment Department
Director Town Planning, Director, Revenue Department and Director, Steel and Mines Department are
expected to jointly take up the role of coordination.
7.4.2.3.2 Agenda for consultations on Mines
Among other things the stakeholders/sectoral departments would
Share necessary information regarding mining area development in the state with due consideration to
total mineral resources, estimated area distribution, their capacity, status, life, envisaged investments,
production and employment generation, current status of development and future plans in short (3
years), medium (7 years) and long term (15 years)
Enlist and share policies, guiding documents, considerations, issues/concerns that guide development
of mining areas in the state and related project/investment prioritisation along with the positive and
negative influence on other land uses and sectors resulting in conflicts
Formulate vision statement for mines as a land use
7.4.2.4 Sub Theme: Tourism
The sub theme of tourism is considered as an economic sector that has the maximum trickledown effect
and can result in the maximum employment generation per unit investment. Hence the sub theme shall
focus on multiple aspects of tourism including (but not limited to) religious tourism, beach tourism, eco-
tourism, business/conferences tourism, festivals/fairs, heritage/archaeology, rural/agricultural tourism,
leisure/amusement/entertainment tourism as well as way side amenities for tourists with due consideration
to environmental, economic as well as other social impacts across various sectors and land uses.
7.4.2.4.1 Stakeholder/Sectoral Departments
The sub-group is expected to have representation from the following departments
Tourism Department
Culture Department
Commerce and Transport Department
Forest and Environment Department
Housing and Urban Development Department
Planning and Convergence Department
Director Town Planning under guidance from Director, Tourism is expected to take up the role of
coordination.
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7.4.2.4.2 Agenda for consultations on Tourism
Among other things the stakeholders/sectoral departments would
Share necessary information regarding tourism categories in the state with due consideration to existing
and upcoming projects, estimated footfalls, land earmarked, envisaged investments and tourism focus
areas/zones, status of important tourist areas in terms of linkages, infrastructure and future plans in
short (3 years), medium (7 years) and long term (15 years)
Enlist and share policies, guiding documents, considerations, issues/concerns that guide development
of tourism areas/zones in the state and related project/investment prioritisation along with the positive
and negative influence on other land uses and sectors resulting in conflicts
Formulate vision statement for tourism as a land use/land use influence
Formulate a tourism development strategy
7.4.2.5 Sub Theme: Infrastructure
The sub theme of infrastructure forms the basis of all development activities. The sub theme shall focus
on multiple aspects of infrastructure including (but not limited to) roads, airports, ports, railways, inland
waterways, transmission lines, markets, other logistics, power generation (renewable, non-renewable,
nuclear), power grids as well as transmission etc. with due consideration to environmental, economic as
well as other social impacts across various sectors and land uses.
7.4.2.5.1 Stakeholder/Sectoral Departments
The sub-group is expected to have representation from the following departments
Energy Department
Commerce and Transport Department
Directorate of Civil Aviation
Housing and Urban Development Department
Highways and Minor Ports Department
Public Works Department
Revenue and Disaster Management Department
Planning and Convergence Department
Director Town Planning and Joint Secretary Planning and Convergence Department are expected to jointly
take up the role of coordination.
7.4.2.5.2 Agenda for consultations on Infrastructure
Among other things the stakeholders/sectoral departments would
Share necessary information regarding infrastructure development in the state with due consideration
to its hierarchy, function, influence area, population covered, status of development, land requirements,
total estimated area, earmarked land, land under possession, envisaged investments, and future plans
in short (3 years), medium (7 years) and long term (15 years)
Enlist and share policies, guiding documents, considerations, issues/concerns that guide development
and maintenance of infrastructure, investment prioritisation, and its positive as well as negative
influence on other land uses and sectors
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Enlist and detail out challenges in land acquisition, land valuation and land availability/banking at
desired locations along with possible alternative mechanisms for resolving disputes and getting access
to land resources with minimum conflict to environment, society etc. for enabling faster clearances
Formulate vision statement for infrastructure as a land use
7.4.3.1 Sub Theme: Settlements – Urban and Rural
The sub theme of settlements is fundamental to development activities. All development activities lead to
and follow the settlement pattern in any region. This sub theme shall focus on multiple aspects of
settlements that existing, expanding, shrinking or proposed green field development. Whether urban or
rural, the settlements theme would give due consideration to environmental, economic as well as other
social impacts across various sectors and land uses.
7.4.3.1.1 Stakeholder/Sectoral Departments
The sub-group is expected to have representation from the following departments
Housing and Urban Development Department
Rural Development Department
Panchayati Raj Department
Industries Department
Revenue Department
Department of Town Planning
Director Department of Town planning is expected to take up the role of coordination under joint guidance
of Secretary Housing and Urban Development Department, Secretary Panchayati Raj Department.
7.4.3.1.2 Agenda for consultations on Settlements
Among other things the stakeholders/sectoral departments would
Share necessary information regarding settlements in urban, peri-urban, rural as well as Rurban context
with due consideration to its hierarchy, structure, function, influence area, population, status of
development, land requirements, envisaged investments, financial resources, and future plans in short
(3 years), medium (7 years) and long term (15 years)
Enlist and share policies, guiding documents, considerations, issues/concerns that guide development
and maintenance of settlements, investment prioritisation, budgetary allocation, financial resources,
scheme implementations and its positive as well as negative influence on other land uses and sectors
Enlist and detail out challenges in balancing growth pattern, creating network linkages, stress on natural
resources including access to land for infrastructure development, land acquisition, land valuation and
land availability/banking at desired locations along with possible alternative mechanisms for resolving
disputes and getting access to land resources with minimum conflict to environment, economy and
society in general etc. for enabling regional balance
Enlist and share existing provisions (policies, acts, rules and regulations) for resolving conflicts with
other land uses and sectors especially when expanding or undertaking greenfield projects
Formulate vision statement for settlements as a land use
Formulate an urbanisation strategy
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7.4.3.2 Sub Theme: Disaster Prone Areas
The sub theme of disaster prone areas cuts across all sectors and land uses. Though not category in land
use, it is important to be addressed as an integral part of all land uses. This sub theme shall focus on impact
and vulnerability of all sectors and land uses as affected/to be affected in disaster prone areas including
those affected by cyclones, floods, tsunami, landslides, fire earthquake, water scarcity, extreme
temperatures, major accident hazards etc.
7.4.3.2.1 Stakeholder/Sectoral Departments
The sub-group is expected to have representation from the following departments
Revenue and Disaster Management Department
Forest and Environment Department
Planning and Convergence Department
Public Works Department
Housing and Urban Development Department
Rural Development Department
Panchayati Raj Department
Industries Department
Director Town Planning is expected jointly take up the role of coordination under guidance of
Commissioner, Disaster Management.
7.4.3.2.2 Agenda for consultations on Disaster Prone Areas
Among other things the stakeholders/sectoral departments would
Share necessary information regarding disaster prone/vulnerable areas in terms of major hazards and
their influence zones, vulnerable population, adaptation mitigation measures at regional scale, land
requirements, envisaged investments, financial resources, and future plans in short (3 years), medium
(7 years) and long term (15 years)
Enlist and share policies, guiding documents, considerations, issues/concerns that guide medium to
long term mitigation measures, planning, investment prioritisation, budgetary allocation, financial
resources, scheme implementations and their positive as well as negative influence on other land uses
and sectors
Enlist and share existing provisions (policies, acts, rules and regulations) for resolving conflicts with
other land uses and sectors leading to sustainable planning and development measures
Formulate vision statement for Disaster prone and vulnerable areas
Formulate a disaster resilience strategy
7.4.3.3 Sub Theme: Socially Vulnerable
The sub theme of socially vulnerable cuts across all sectors and land uses. Though not category in land use,
it is important to be addressed as an integral part of all land uses. This sub theme shall focus on access of
opportunities, social infrastructure (health and education) and land resource/use balance in context of
socially vulnerable population (especially in terms of tribal, backward, other marginalised sections of society
all sectors and land uses).
7.4.3.3.1 Stakeholder/Sectoral Departments
The sub-group is expected to have representation from the following departments
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Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Casts Development Department
Minorities and Backward Class Welfare Department
Forest and Environment Department
Housing and Urban Development Department
Rural Development Department
Panchayati Raj Department
Planning and Convergence Department
Public Works Department
Water Resources Department
Director Town Planning and Director ST&SC Development Council are expected to jointly take up the
role of coordination.
7.4.3.3.2 Agenda for consultations on Socially Vulnerable
Among other things the stakeholders/sectoral departments would
Share necessary information regarding socially vulnerable areas in terms of tribal areas, forest rights
areas, other backward areas, their nutritional requirements, access to education and health facilities,
economic opportunities, planned development/upliftment initiatives, allocated financial, land and
other resources, and future plans in short (3 years), medium (7 years) and long term (15 years)
Enlist and share policies, guiding documents, considerations, issues/concerns that guide medium to
long term measures, planning, investment prioritisation, budgetary allocation, financial resources,
scheme implementations and their positive as well as negative influence on other land uses and sectors
Enlist and share existing provisions (policies, acts, rules and regulations) for resolving conflicts with
other land uses and sectors leading to sustainable planning and development measures
Formulate vision statement for socially vulnerable
Formulate an inclusion strategy
7.4.4.1 Waste Lands
The sub theme of Waste land is considered as a land use in India. This sub theme shall focus on re-
categorization/reclassification based on appropriate uses of existing and demarcated gullied/ravenous land,
wetlands, scrubs, degraded forest and agricultural lands and sands.
7.4.4.1.1 Stakeholder/Sectoral Departments
The sub-group is expected to have representation from the following departments
Revenue Department
Agriculture Department
Fisheries and Animal Resources Development Department
Forest and Environment Department
Planning and Convergence Department
Science and Technology Department/Information Technology
Director Town Planning and Joint Commissioner, Revenue Administration are expected to jointly take up
the role of coordination.
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7.4.4.1.2 Agenda for consultations Sub-group on Waste Lands
Among other things the stakeholders/sectoral departments would
Share necessary information regarding wastelands as categorised by National Wasteland Atlas of India,
Revenue department and forest
Enlist and share issues/concerns of land use practices that conflict with wastelands as a land use
Formulate vision statement for re-categorization/reclassification of wasteland as a land use
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The following structure (contents) are proposed to be addressed as part of the State Land Use (Planning)
Policy
Section 1: Introduction
o Importance/Significance of Land use Policy
o Spatial Governance
Departments and their roles/functions
Shortlisted land uses to be represented on District level
Section 2: Land use at State/District Level: (theme wise details would be addressed)
o Statistics: existing scenario, change in land use
o Key challenges/issues
o Departments responsible for various land uses
o Policies/vision of departments considering the specific land uses
o Vision statements for each land use
Section 3: District Spatial Land Use Plans
o Objectives of District Spatial Land Use Plans
o Purpose/Need
o Components/Contents
o Broad Guidelines – Framework
Interaction between two land uses
Consultations with Stakeholders – Coordination between Departments
o Interpretation
o Responsible Departments
o Integration in Governance
Section 4: Implementation Mechanism
o Appreciate Existing Institutional Structure
o Scope of Improvement – Reference to Department Land Use Matrix
o Proposed Institutional Structure – Coordination Mechanism
o Resources
Staffing Structure
Funding Sources
o Timelines
o Review and monitoring
Compendium of References
o Compendium of Documents supporting each chapter
Learning from international experiences
Land use statistics (land use change, challenges)
Department vs Land Use Matrix – Roles and Mandate
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Interaction matrix (conflict between land uses)
Interdepartmental Coordination
o Compendium of Record of discussions
Inputs/comments of each stakeholder
Action taken/revision done for each chapter - building arguments
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List of departments of Odisha, respective sub-departments, agencies,
institutes with related policies, schemes, programmes
Agriculture & Farmers' Empowerment Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Agricultural Promotion And
Investment Corporation Of Odisha
Limited (APICOL)
Directorate of Agriculture & Food
Production
Directorate of Horticulture
Directorate of Soil Conservation &
Watershed Development Mission
National Oilseeds & Vegetable Oils
Development Board
Odisha Agro Industries
Corporation (OAIC)
Odisha State Cashew Development
Corporation (OSCDC)
Odisha State Seed & Organic
Products Certification Agency
(OSSOPCA)
Odisha State Seeds Corporation
Odisha University of Agriculture &
Technology (OUAT)
Agro Polytechnic Centres
Additional Package for the Farmers of
Cyclone/Flood Affected Areas
National Food Security Mission
(NFSM)
National Mission for Sustainable
Agriculture (NMSA)
National Mission On Agriculture
Extension And Technology (NMAET)
National Mission on Oilseeds and Oil
Palm (NMOOP)
Paramparagat Krishi Vikash Yojana
(PKVY)
Promotion of Integrated Farming in
Tribal Areas
Rashstriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)
State Agriculture Policy, 2013
Sub-Mission on Agriculture
Mechanization (SMAM)
Input Subsidy (Horticulture)
ISOPOM (Oil Palm)
National Horticulture Mission (NHM)
National Mission on Oilseeds and Oil
Palm (NMOOP)
National Mission on Sustainable
Agriculture (NMSA)
Special Crop Specific Schemes
Strengthening of School of Horticulture
SP
Integrated Watershed Management
Programme (IWMP)
Self Help Groups (SHGs)
Users Groups (UGs)
Watershed Committees
Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs)
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Commerce and Transport
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Directorate of Rail Coordination
Gopalapur Port Limited
Odisha State Road Transport
Corporation
The Dhamra Port Company
Limited (DPCL)
Biju Goan Gadi Yojana
Cooperation Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Integrated Cooperative Development
Project (ICDP)
Modified National Agricultural
Insurance Schemes
National Agricultural Insurance scheme
Warehousing under Rural Infrastructure
Development Fund (RIDF)
Weather based Agricultural Insurance
scheme
Culture Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Artist Pension
Bibhuti Kanungo College of Art &
Crafts
Govt. College of Art & Crafts
Guru Kelucharan Mohapatra Odissi
Research Centre
Harekrushna Mahatab State Library &
Bhubaneswar Public Library
Odisha Culture Service Association
Odisha Institute of Maritime and South-
East Asian Studies
Odisha Lalit Kala Academi
Odisha Sahitya Academi
Odisha State Archaeology
Odisha State Archives
Odissi Research Centre
Orissa Lalitkala Akademi
Orissa Sangeet Natak Akademi
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Orissa Urdu Akademi
Raja Rammohun Roy Library
Foundation (RRRLF)
S.V. Govt. School of Art and Craft
The Utkal University of Culture
Utkal Sangeet Mohavidyalaya
Electronics and Information Technology Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Industry Facilitation & IT
promotion Cell
Odisha Computer Applications
Centre (OCAC)
Odisha Computer Applications
Centre (OCAC)
Software Technology Parks of India
State e-Governance Mission Team
Capacity Building (CB) Scheme
Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) Policy 2014
National Cyber Security Policy 2013
Strategic Roadmap for Development of
ESDM Sectors in Odisha
Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) Policy 2014
National e-Governance Plan (NeGP)
Energy Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Orissa Power Generation
Corporation Limited (OPGC)
Distribution Companies (DISTCO)
Grid Corporation of Orissa Limited
(GRIDCO)
Odisha Renewable Energy
Development Agency (OREDA)
Orissa Hydro Power Corporation
Limited (OHPC)
Orissa Power Transmission
Corporation Ltd (OPTCL)
The Odisha Renewable Energy Policy
2016
Accelerated Power Development &
Reform Programme (APDRP)
Biju Gram Jyoti Yojana(BGJY)
Biju Saharanchala Vidyutikaran Yojana
(BSVY)
Development Programmes for Energy
System Improvement (DESI).
Odisha Distribution System
Strengthening Programme
Odisha Power Sector Improvement
Projects (OPSIP)
Orissa Electricity Regulatory
Commission(OERC)
Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran
Yojana (RGGVY)
Rural Electrification Policy-GoI
Samuka Beach Project
National Biogas & Manure Management
Program (NBMMP)
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Excise Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Deputy Commissioners of Excise
(3)
Odisha State Beverages
Corporation Ltd. (OSBC)
Superintendents of Excise (30)
Excise Policy 2017-18
Finance Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Sale Tax Tribunal
Anomaly Committee
Commercial Tax Organisation
Controller of Accounts
Director of Institutional Finance
Directorate of Local Fund Audit
(DLFA)
Directorate of Small Savings
Expert Committee
Fitment Committee
Madhusudan Das Regional
Academy of Financial Management
Incentive Scheme
Pension Scheme
Health Insurance Scheme
Fisheries and Animal Resources Development Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
ARD Sector- Directorate of
AH&VS
ARD Sector- Odisha Livestock
Resources Development Society
(OLRDS)
ARD Sector- Orissa State Poultry
Products Co-operative Marketing
Federation Ltd (OPOLFED)
ARD Sector- Society for the
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
(SPCA)
ARD Sector- The Orissa State
Cooperative Milk Producers'
Federation Limited (OMFED)
ARD Sector- Utkal Gomangal
Samiti (UGS)
Assistance to States for Control of
Animal Diseases (ASCAD)
INAPH
Indo Swiss Natural Resources
Management Programme (ISNRMPO)
Intensive Coastal Zone Management
Project (ICZMP)
MGNREGS
MO KUDIA scheme
Mobile Veterinary Unit
MUY (Mastyajibi Unnayan Yojana)
National Project on Rinderpest
Eradication Orissa (N.P.R.E)
NETRAJYOTI scheme
New Dairy Scheme
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Fisheries Sector- Directorate of
Fisheries
Fisheries Sector- Odisha Stata
Fishermen’s Cooperative
Federation Ltd (Fishfed)
Fisheries Sector- Orissa Pisciculture
Development Corporation Ltd.
(OPDC)
Joint Monitoring Committee (JMC)
National Fisheries Development
Board (NFDB)
Social Empowerment and
Agriculture Development Agency
(SEADA)
NPCBB (National Project on Cattle and
Buffalo Breeding)
Orissa Community Tank Management
Project (OCTMP)
Promotion Of Dairy Entrepreneurship
(PDE)
RIDF
RKVY
Forest and Environment Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
City Forest Division(s)
Center For Environmental Studies
Chilika Development Authority
D.O. (Env-II Section)
D.O. (FE-II Section)
D.O. (O.E. Section)
Divisional Forest Officers
Forest wing
Odisha Bamboo Development
Agency
Odisha Forest Development
Corporation Ltd (OFDC)
Regional Chief Conservator of
Forests
Regional Chief Conservator(s) of
Forest
Regional Plant Resource Centre
S.O. (Environment Section &
Additional Charge of Accounts
Section)
S.O. (Forest Diversion Section)
S.O. (Forest Protection &
Corporation Section)
S.O. (Plantation Section &
additional charge of Wildlife
Section
S.O. (Policy &Plan Section)
Orissa Climate Change Action Plan
The Elephants Preservation Act, 1879
The Environment (Protection) Rules,
1986
The Noise Pollution (Regulation and
Control) Rules, 2000
The Orissa Communal Forest and
Private Lands (Prohibition of
Alienation) Act, 1948
The Orissa Forest (Amendment) Act
1982
The Orissa Saw Mills and Saw Pits
(Control) Amendment Act, 2006
The Recycled Plastics Manufacture and
Usage Rules. 1999
The Rules for the Manufacture, Use,
Import, Export and Storage of
Hazardous micro-organisms Genetically
engineered organisms or cells
The Wild Birds & Animals Protection
Act, 1912
Ecotourism Policy
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S.O.(Forest Protection &
Conservation Section)
State Pollution Control Board
The Information & Public Relations
Department
Wildlife and Environment wings
Working Plan Division
General Administration and Public Grievances Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Aviation Training Institutes
Gopabandhu Academy of
Administration
Odisha Public Service Commission
(O.P.S.C)
Orissa Administrative Tribunal
Staff Selection Commission (S.S.C)
The Directorate of Aviation
Vigilance Department
Chief Minister's Relief Fund (CMRF)
Human Resources Management System
(HRMS)
Model Village Program
Odisha Right to Public Service Act
(ORTPSA)
Health and Family Welfare Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Directorate of Drug Control
Administration
Directorate of Family Welfare
Directorate of Health Services
Directorate of Indian System of
Medicine & Homeopathy
Directorate of Medical Education &
Training
Directorate of Public Health
Directorate of State AIDS Cell
Directorate of State Institute of
Health & Family Welfare
Reproductive Child Health (RCH-II)
Disaster response and management plan
Drug Policy
Health Policy
Infant Mortality Rate Mission
Integrated Disease Surveillance
Programme (IDSP)
Iodine Deficiency Disorder Control
Programme (IDDCP)
National Disease Control Programme
(NDCP)
National Health Mission(NHM)
National Leprosy Eradication
Programme (NLEP)
National Programme for Control of
Blindness ( NPCB )
National Rural Health Mission
National Vector Borne Disease Control
Programme (NVBDCP)
Navajyoti
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Norway- India Partnership Initiative
(NIPI)
Rastriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram
(RBSK)
Revised National Tuberculosis Control
Programme (RNTCP)
Universal Immunisation Programme
(U.I.P.)
Higher Education Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Biju Yuba Sashaktikaran Yojana
High Power Committee(HPC)
Kalinga Sikhya Sathi Yojana(KSSY)
National Mission on Education through
Information & Communication
Technology
National Service Scheme
Personnel InformationManagement
System (PIMS)
Rastriya Uchachatar Siksha Abhiyan
(RUSA)
Home Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Budget section
C& HR section
Civil Defence section
common Cadre Section
Coordination Section
Fire Service section
Fss &IE section
High Court
Home Guard
IPS
OSS
Pension section
Scheme for Surrender & Rehabilitation
of Left Wing Extremists
The Odisha Victim Compensation
Scheme
Housing and Urban Development Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
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Development Authorities
Directorate of Town Planning
(DTP)
Odisha Water Supply & Sewerage
Board (OWSSB)
Public Health Engineering
Organisation (PHEO)
Aahaar
AMRUT
Awaas
Hriday
National Urban Livelihoods Mission
(NULM)
Smart City Mission
Swachh Bharat Mission
Industries Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Industrial Promotion and
Investment Corporation of Odisha
Limited (IPICOL)
Odisha State Electronics
Development Corporation
(OSEDC)
The Industrial Development
Corporation Of Odisha Ltd.
(IDCOL)
The Odisha Film Development
Corporation LTD. (OFDC)
The Odisha Industrial
Infrastructure Development
Corporation
Draft Odisha Startup Policy 2016
Industrial Policy - 2015
Policy for Special Economic Zones -
2015
Technology Development Centre
Labour and Employee’s State Insurance Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Assistant Labour Commissioner
Departmental Disaster
Management Plan
Deputy Labour Comissioner
Directorate of Employees’ State
Insurance Scheme
Directorate of Factories & Boilers
Odisha
District Labour Officer
Industrial Tribunal Officer
Labour Court & Tribunal
Labour Directorate Odisha
Odisha Building & Other
Construction Workers Welfare
Board
ESI Scheme
Odisha Shops & Commercial
Establishment Act, 1956
Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana
(RSBY)
Inter State Migrant Workmen
(Regulation of Employment and
Condition of Service) Act, 1979
Aids Control Programme
National Child Labour Project
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State Labour Institute
Law Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Legislative Wing
Odisha Superior Judicial Service
Translation Bureau
Commissioner of Hindu Religious
Endowment
Litigation policy
State Human Rights Commission
State Law Commission
State Legal Service Authority
Micro , Small and Medium Enterprises Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Micro & Small Enterprises
Facilitation Cell
Capital Subsidy Scheme for Technology
Upgradation
Micro & Small Enterprises Cluster
Development Programme (MSE-CDP)
National Manufacturing
Competitiveness Programme (NMCP)
Odisha Food Processing Policy 2016
Odisha MSME Development Policy
2016
Prime Minister’s employment
Generation programme (PMEGP)
Panchayati Raj and Drinking Water Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs)
BIJU PUCCA GHAR
Gopabandhu Grameen Yojana
Indira AwaasYojana (IAY)
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural
Employment Guarantee Scheme
(MGNREGS)
National Rural Drinking Water
Programme (NRWDP)
National Rural Livelihood
Mission(NRLM)
Poverty Amelioration Programme
PSA(Panchayat Sashaktikaran Abhiyan)
State Finance Commission Award
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Planning and Convergence Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Directorate Of Economics &
Statistics
Directorate of Municipal
Administration
District Planning Committee
Poverty and Human Development
Monitoring Agency (PHDMA)
State Planning Board (SPB)
Western Odisha Development
Council (WODC)
20-Point Programme (TPP)
Annual Survey of Industry (A.S.I.)
Basic Statistics for Local Level
Development (BSLLD)
Critical Gap Fund for District Plan
Scheme
Improvement of Crop Statistics (ICS)
Members of Legislative Assembly Local
Area Development Scheme
(MLALADS)
MPLAD Scheme
Rural Infrastructure Development Fund
(RIDF)
Special Area Development Programmes
(SADP)
The Special Problem Fund (SPF)
Scheme
Human Development towards Bridging
Inequalities (HDBI)
Public Enterprises Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Orissa State Renewal Fund Society
(OSRFS)
Public Enterprise Selection Board
(PESB)
Industrial Promotion And
Investment Corporation Of Odisha
Limited (IPICOL)
Odisha Industrial Infrastructure
Development Corporation (IDCO)
Inter Corporate Dispute Committee
Odisha State Renewal Fund
Society(OSRFS)
One Time Settlement (OTS) Committee
Project Approval Committee (PAC)
Public and Co-operative Enterprises
Restructuring Committee
Public Enterprise Reforms Programme
Social Safety Net Programme (SSNP)
Public Works Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Architect Wing
Buildings Wing
Design Planning and Investigation
& Roads Wing
Directorate of designs
Central Road Fund (CRF)
Economic Importance Scheme under E
& I Scheme
External Aided Project (EAP) - Odisha
State Road Project (OSRP)
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National Highways Wing
Odisha Bridge & Construction
Corporation Limited (OBCC)
Office of the Engineer-in-Chief
(Civil)
Research Development & Quality
Promotion Wing
State Procurement Wing
World Bank Project Wing
National Bank for Agriculture and Rural
Development (NABARD) Scheme
Road Development Programme
Rural Infrastructure Development Fund
(RIDF)
State Highways Development
Programme (SHDP)
Central Plan – Special Central
Assistance for Vijayawada – Ranchi
Corridor
ISC
Road Connectivity Project for Left
Wing Extremism (LWE)
Odisha State Road Project (O.S.R.P)
Revenue and Disaster Management Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Board of Revenue
Land Records and Surveys
Inspector General of Registration
Land Reforms Commissioner
Special Relief Organisation
Odisha State Disaster Management
Authority (OSDMA)
Digital India Land Records
Modernisation Program (DILRMP)
Land Pass Book
Mo Jami Mo Diha Campaign
Nation Population Register (NPR)
Rehabilitation and resettlement policy,
2008
School Certificate Programme
Vasundhara
Integrated Coastal Zone Management
Project (ICZMP)
National Cyclone Risk Mitigation
Project (NCRMP)
Odisha Disaster Recovery Project
(ODRP)
Rural Development Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Rural Works organisation
National Rural Drinking Water
Programme (NRWDP)
Odisha State Rural Road Agency
(OSRRA)
Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
(PMGSY)
Swachh Bharat Mission
rural connectivity programme
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xii
School and Mass Education Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Incentives to Girls for Secondary
Education
Inclusive Education of the Disabled at
the Secondary Stage (IEDSS)
Infrastructure Development in Private
Aided/Un-Aided Minority
Institutions (IDMI)
Outside Training Programme
Scheme for construction and running of
Girls’ Hostel for students of secondary
and higher secondary schools
School Management Committee (SMC)
Science and Technology Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Biotechnology Wing
Chief Electoral Office
Institute of Material Sciences (IMS)
Institute of Mathematics and
Application (IMA)
Nodal Agency of State Level P.G
Scholarship in Basic Science
Odisha Bigyan Academy
Odisha Renewable Energy
Development Agency (OREDA)
Odisha Space Application Centre
(ORSAC)
Patent Information Centre (PIC)
Pathani Samanta Planeterium
State Council on Science and
Technology
Sub-Regional Science Centres
Biju Patnaik Research Fellowship in
Science
Community & Institutional Biogas
Plants (CBP/IBP)
Draft Biotechnology Policy
Entrepreneurship Development
Programme
Integrated Rural Energy Programme
(IREP)
Mission for Application of Science &
Technology for Plants and Land
Management (MASTPALM)
Natural Resources Data Management
System (NRDMS)
Waste Recycling Resources Recovery
System (WRRRS)
Biotechnology Policy & Resolution
Skill and Entrepreneurship
Development Programme
National Biogas & Manure Management
Programme (NBMMP)
National Programme On Improved
Chulha (NPIC)
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xiii
Policy Guidelines For Raising Of
Energy Plantations And Bio-Diesel
Production
Solar Energy based Dual Pump Piped
Water Supply Scheme
Solar Photovoltaic Programme
Wind Power Project
Skill Development and Technical Education Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Directorate of Employment & State
Employment Mission
Directorate of Technical Education
& Training
State Council for technical
educational & vocational training
Compulsory Notification Of Vacancies
Act, 1959
Odisha State Employment Mission
(OSEM)
State Employment Mission
Social Security and Persons with Disabilities Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
District Social Security Officer
(DSSO)
Block Social Security Officer
(BSSO)
District Disability Rehabilitation
Center (DDRC) - 8
State Commissioner for Persons
Disability (SCPD)
State institute for Disability
Rehabilitation (SIDR)
Sub-divisional Social Security
Officer (SSSO)
Annapurna Scheme
Bhima Bhoi Bhinnakshyama Samarthya
Abhiyan (BBSA)
Indira Gandhi National Disabled
Pension
Indira Gandhi National old age pension
Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension
Madhu Babu Pension Yojna
Maintenance and welfare of parents and
senior citizens
National Family Benefit Scheme
National Social Assistance Programme
Sports and Youth Services Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
State Youth Welfare Board
Colleges of Physical Education
Integrated Youth Development
Programme
Khelo India- National Programme for
Development of Sports
Odisha State Youth Policy 2013
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xiv
Panchayat Yuva Krida Aur Khel
Abhiyan (PYKKA)
Rajiv Gandhi Khel Abhiyan (RGKA)
ST & SC Development, Minorities & Backward Classes Welfare Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
District & Sub-Divisional Level
Vigilance & Monitoring
Committees
Integrated Tribal Development
Agency
State Level High Power Vigilance &
Monitoring Committee
State Level Monitoring Committee
(SLMC)
Tribes Advisory Council (TAC)
Academy of Tribal Languages and
Culture (ATLC)
Dispersed Tribal Development Project
(DTDP)
Haj Committee
Modified Area Development
Approach (MADA)
Odisha Tribal Development Society
(OTDS)
Odisha Tribal Empowerment &
Livelihoods Programme (OTELP)
Orissa Backward Classes Finance &
Development Cooperative Corporation
(OBCFDCC)
Orissa SC & ST development finance
co-operative corporation ltd (OSFDC)
SC's and ST's Research and Training
Institute
The Odisha Model Tribal Educational
Society (OMTES)
Tribal Development Co-operative
Corporation of Odisha Ltd (TDCCOL)
Wakf Board
Steels and Mines Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Directorate of Geology
Directorate of mines
Directorate of Steel
Odisha Mining Corporation
Limited (OMC)
National Mineral Policy
Tourism Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xv
Asst. Director (Production)
Asst. Director (Research)
Asst. Director (Statistics)
Deputy Director, Tourism (Field)
Odisha Ecotourism Development
Board (OEDB)
Odisha Tourism Development
Corporation Ltd.
Baristha Nagarika Tirtha Yatra Yojana
Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spiritual
Augmentation Drive (PRASAD)
Tourism Policy
Ecotourism Policy
Water Resources Department
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
CAD&WM wing
Finance Wing
Ground Water Development
Land Acquisition Wing
Major & Medium Irrigation Wing
Minor Irrigation Wing
Monitoring Wing
Odisha Lift Irrigation Corporation
Ltd
Rehabilitation and Resettlement
Wing
Water & Land Management
Institute
Water Allocation Committee
Water and Land Management
Institute (WALMI)
Water Resources Board
Irrigation Roads Construction &
Improvement Scheme (IRC&IS)
Biju Krushak Vikas Yojana
Command Area Development
Drainage Improvement Programme
(DIP)
Ground Water Survey & Investigation
organisation
JALANIDHI Cluster MRL
JALANIDHI Cluster STW
Khariff & Rabi Irrigation Programme
National Environment Policy '2006
Project Management Unit (PMU)
Shallow Tube Well
State Data Executive Committee
(SDEC)
State Data Steering Committee (SDSC)
Water Sector Infrastructure
Development Programme (WSIDP)
State Water Policy
Women and Child Development and Mission Shakti
Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,
PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees
District Child Protection Unit
Juvenile Justice Boards
Odisha State Council for Child
Welfare
State Commission for Protection of
Child rights
State Commission For Women,
Odisha
Anganwadi Centre
Block Level Monitering Committees
(BLMC)
Odisha State Policy for Girls and
Women, 2014
Biju Shishu Surakshya Yojana
District Level Monitering And Rivew
Committee (DLMRC)
Mahila Vikas Samabaya Nigam
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xvi
State Commissioner for Persons
with Disabilities
State Social Welfare Board Odisha
Mission Shakti
National Mission for Empowerment of
Women (NMEW)
Odisha State Child Protection Society
Odisha State Council for Child Welfare
State Appellate Board
State Commission for Persons with
Disability
State Coordination Committee
State Executive Committee
State Resource Centre for Women
Supplementary Nutrition Programme
Women's Self-Help Groups (WSHGs)
District Child Protection Society
Integrated Child Development Services
(ICDS) Scheme
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xvii
Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix
Forests and Protected Areas
Government Department Protected Areas Conservation and Community Reserves Areas of Ecological Importance
(Development Control)
Agriculture and Farmer's
Empowerment
- - -
Commerce and Transport - - -
Cooperation Department - - -
Culture - - -
Directorate of Civil
Aviation
Impacted by decisions of other departments Impacted by decisions of other departments Impacted by decisions of other departments
Energy Impacted by decisions of other departments Impacted by decisions of other departments Impacted by decisions of other departments
Fisheries and Animal
Resources Development
Impacted by decisions of other departments - Impacted by decisions of other departments
Forest and Environment
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide technical support,
monitor and approve interventions
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide technical support,
monitor and approve interventions
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide technical support,
monitor and approve interventions
Handloom, Textile and
Handicrafts
- - -
Housing and Urban
Development
Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence
Industries Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Minorities & Backward
Classes Welfare
- - -
MSME Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Panchayati Raj
- Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide technical support,
monitor and approve interventions, impacted
by decisions of other departments
-
Planning and
Convergence
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide technical support,
monitor and approve interventions
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide technical support,
monitor and approve interventions
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide technical support,
monitor and approve interventions
Public Enterprises - - -
Revenue and Disaster
Management
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Rural Development
- Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide technical support,
monitor and approve interventions, impacted
by decisions of other departments
-
Science and Technology
Provide technical support for Research &
Development, Remote Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and Data Base Management
Provide technical support for Research &
Development, Remote Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and Data Base Management
Provide technical support for Research &
Development, Remote Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and Data Base Management
Skill Development and
Technical Education
- Impacted by decisions of other departments -
ST & SC Development - - -
Steel and Mines Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Tourism Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence
Water Resources Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Works Department - - -
Grasslands, Grazing Land and Pastures
Government Department Protected Areas Conservation and Community
Reserves
Areas of Ecological Importance
(Development Control)
Agriculture and Farmer's
Empowerment
Impacted by decisions of other
departments, Influence, provide
technical support for fodder
management
Impacted by decisions of other
departments, Influence, provide
technical support for fodder
management
Impacted by decisions of other
departments, Influence, provide
technical support for fodder
management
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xviii
Government Department Protected Areas Conservation and Community
Reserves
Areas of Ecological Importance
(Development Control)
Commerce and Transport - - Influence (Opportunity for offering
excess land for fodder production)
Cooperation Department - - -
Culture - - -
Directorate of Civil Aviation - - -
Energy - - -
Fisheries and Animal
Resources Development
Plan, influence, execute schemes,
provide technical support, impacted
by decisions of other departments
Plan, influence, execute schemes,
provide technical support, impacted
by decisions of other departments
Plan, influence, execute schemes,
provide technical support, impacted
by decisions of other departments
Forest and Environment
Plan, influence, develop, maintain,
invest, execute schemes, provide
technical support, monitor and
approve interventions
- Plan, influence, execute schemes,
provide technical support, impacted
by decisions of other departments
Handloom, Textile and
Handicrafts
- - -
Housing and Urban
Development
Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence
Industries Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence
Minorities & Backward
Classes Welfare
- - -
MSME Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence
Panchayati Raj
Negative Influence Negative Influence Influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, impacted by
decisions of other departments
Planning and Convergence Influence, monitor and approve
interventions
Influence, monitor and approve
interventions
Influence, monitor and approve
interventions
Public Enterprises - - -
Revenue and Disaster
Management
Plan, influence, develop, maintain,
invest, execute schemes, provide
technical support, monitor and
approve interventions
Plan, influence, develop, maintain,
invest, execute schemes, provide
technical support, monitor and
approve interventions
Plan, influence, develop, maintain,
invest, execute schemes, provide
technical support, monitor and
approve interventions
Rural Development
Negative Influence Negative Influence Influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, impacted by
decisions of other departments
Science and Technology
Provide technical support for
Research & Development, Remote
Sensing, Spatial Mapping and Data
Base Management
Provide technical support for
Research & Development, Remote
Sensing, Spatial Mapping and Data
Base Management
Provide technical support for
Research & Development, Remote
Sensing, Spatial Mapping and Data
Base Management
Skill Development and
Technical Education
- - -
ST & SC Development - - -
Steel and Mines - - -
Tourism - - -
Water Resources - Influence, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Works Department - - -
Waterbodies
Government
Department Saline Fresh (Flowing) Fresh (Stagnant) Wetlands
Agriculture and
Farmer's
Empowerment
Negative Influence Dependency and Negative
Influence
Dependency and Negative
Influence
Negative Influence
Commerce and
Transport
- - - Negative Influence
Cooperation
Department
- - - -
Culture - - - -
Directorate of
Civil Aviation
- - - -
Energy - Dependency and Negative
Influence
Dependency and Negative
Influence
Negative Influence
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xix
Government
Department Saline Fresh (Flowing) Fresh (Stagnant) Wetlands
Fisheries and
Animal Resources
Development
Influence, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support
Influence, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support
Influence, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support
Negative Influence
Forest and
Environment
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and approve
interventions
Influence, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support
Influence, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support
Influence, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support
Handloom,
Textile and
Handicrafts
- - - -
Housing and
Urban
Development
Influence, impacted by decisions
of other departments
Dependency and Negative
Influence
Dependency and Negative
Influence
Negative Influence
Industries - Influence, impacted by decisions
of other departments
Influence, impacted by decisions
of other departments
Negative Influence
Minorities &
Backward Classes
Welfare
- Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Negative Influence
MSME - Influence, impacted by decisions
of other departments
Influence, impacted by decisions
of other departments
Negative Influence
Panchayati Raj - Influence, impacted by decisions
of other departments
Influence, impacted by decisions
of other departments
Negative Influence
Planning and
Convergence
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and approve
interventions
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and approve
interventions
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and approve
interventions
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and approve
interventions
Public
Enterprises
- - - -
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
Influence, impacted by decisions
of other departments
Influence, impacted by decisions
of other departments
Influence, impacted by decisions
of other departments
Influence, impacted by decisions
of other departments
Rural
Development
- Influence, impacted by decisions
of other departments
Influence, impacted by decisions
of other departments
Negative Influence
Science and
Technology
Provide technical support for
Research & Development,
Remote Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and Data Base
Management
Provide technical support for
Research & Development,
Remote Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and Data Base
Management
Provide technical support for
Research & Development,
Remote Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and Data Base
Management
Provide technical support for
Research & Development,
Remote Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and Data Base
Management
Skill Development
and Technical
Education
- - - -
ST & SC
Development
- Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Negative Influence
Steel and Mines - - - Negative Influence
Tourism Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence
Water Resources
Influence, impacted by decisions
of other departments
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and approve
interventions, impacted by
decisions of other departments
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and approve
interventions, impacted by
decisions of other departments
Plan, influence, develop,
maintain, invest, execute
schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and approve
interventions, impacted by
decisions of other departments
Works
Department
- - - -
Agriculture
Government
Department Agro-climatic Zones Cultivated Cultivable Irrigated Irrigable Soil Health
Agriculture and
Farmer's
Empowerment
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
Influence, invest,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support, and maintain
statistics
Plan, promote,
influence, invest,
execute schemes,
provide technical
Plan, promote,
influence, execute
schemes, provide
technical support, and
maintain statistics
Plan, promote,
influence, invest,
execute schemes,
provide technical
Plan, influence,
maintain statistics,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xx
Government
Department Agro-climatic Zones Cultivated Cultivable Irrigated Irrigable Soil Health
monitor and approve
interventions
support, and maintain
statistics
support, and maintain
statistics
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Commerce and
Transport
- - - - - -
Cooperation
Department
Influenced and
impacted
Influenced and
impacted
Influenced and
impacted
Influenced and
impacted
Influenced and
impacted
Influenced and
impacted
Culture - - - - - -
Directorate of
Civil Aviation
- - - - - -
Energy - - - - - -
Fisheries and
Animal
Resources
Development
- - - - Impacted by decisions
of other departments
-
Forest and
Environment
Influence, provide
technical support
- - - - -
Handloom,
Textile and
Handicrafts
- - - - - -
Housing and
Urban
Development
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Industries Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence -
Minorities &
Backward
Classes Welfare
Influenced and
impacted
- Influenced and
impacted
- Influenced and
impacted
-
MSME Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
- - -
Panchayati Raj Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Planning and
Convergence
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions
- Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions
- Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions
-
Public
Enterprises
- - - - - -
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Rural
Development
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Science and
Technology
Provide technical
support for Research
& Development,
Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide technical
support for Research
& Development,
Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide technical
support for Research
& Development,
Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide technical
support for Research
& Development,
Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide technical
support for Research
& Development,
Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide technical
support for Research
& Development,
Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Skill
Development
and Technical
Education
- Impacted by decisions
of other departments
- - Impacted by decisions
of other departments
Impacted by decisions
of other departments
ST & SC
Development
Influenced and
impacted
- Influenced and
impacted
- Influenced and
impacted
-
Steel and Mines - - - - - Negative Influence
Tourism - - - - - -
Water
Resources
Influence, provide
technical support
Influence, provide
technical support
Influence, provide
technical support
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
Influence, provide
technical support
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxi
Government
Department Agro-climatic Zones Cultivated Cultivable Irrigated Irrigable Soil Health
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Works
Department
- - - - - -
Industries
Government
Department Industrial Corridors
Special Investment
Regions
Special Economic
Zones Industrial Estates Industrial Clusters
Individual
Industrial Units
Agriculture
and Farmer's
Empowerment
impacted by decisions
of other departments
impacted by decisions
of other departments
impacted by decisions
of other departments
impacted by decisions
of other departments
impacted by decisions
of other departments
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Commerce
and Transport
Influence, invest,
execute specific
schemes, provide
technical support
Influence, invest,
execute specific
schemes, provide
technical support
Influence, invest,
execute specific
schemes, provide
technical support
Influence, invest,
execute specific
schemes, provide
technical support
Influence, invest,
execute specific
schemes, provide
technical support
Influence, invest,
execute specific
schemes, provide
technical support
Cooperation
Department
- - - - - -
Culture
- - - - Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
-
Directorate of
Civil Aviation
- - - - - -
Energy
Influence, invest,
execute specific
schemes, provide
technical support
Influence, invest,
execute specific
schemes, provide
technical support
Influence, invest,
execute specific
schemes, provide
technical support
Influence, invest,
execute specific
schemes, provide
technical support
Influence, invest,
execute specific
schemes, provide
technical support
Influence, invest,
execute specific
schemes, provide
technical support
Fisheries and
Animal
Resources
Development
impacted by decisions
of other departments
impacted by decisions
of other departments
impacted by decisions
of other departments
impacted by decisions
of other departments
impacted by decisions
of other departments
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Forest and
Environment
Influence Influence Influence Influence Influence Influence
Handloom,
Textile and
Handicrafts
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Housing and
Urban
Development
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Industries
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Minorities &
Backward
Classes
Welfare
- Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Incluence and
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
MSME
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxii
Government
Department Industrial Corridors
Special Investment
Regions
Special Economic
Zones Industrial Estates Industrial Clusters
Individual
Industrial Units
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions,
impacted by decisions
of other departments
Panchayati Raj - - - - - -
Planning and
Convergence
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions
Plan, influence,
develop, maintain,
invest, execute
schemes, provide
technical support,
monitor and approve
interventions
Influence, monitor
and approve
interventions
Influence, monitor
and approve
interventions
Influence, monitor
and approve
interventions
-
Public
Enterprises
- Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
Influence,
Acquisition, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Rural
Development
- - - - - -
Science and
Technology
Provide technical
support for Research
& Development,
Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide technical
support for Research
& Development,
Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide technical
support for Research
& Development,
Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide technical
support for Research
& Development,
Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide technical
support for Research
& Development,
Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide technical
support for Research
& Development,
Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Skill
Development
and Technical
Education
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
ST & SC
Development
- Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Steel and
Mines
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
- - Impacted by
decisions of other
departments
Tourism - - - - - -
Water
Resources
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted
by decisions of other
departments
Works
Department
- - - - - -
Mines
Government Department Ongoing Mining Mining Potential Mine Deposits
Agriculture and Farmer's
Empowerment
- - -
Commerce and Transport - - -
Cooperation Department - - -
Culture - - -
Directorate of Civil Aviation - - -
Energy - - -
Fisheries and Animal
Resources Development
- - -
Forest and Environment Influence Influence Influence
Handloom, Textile and
Handicrafts
- - -
Housing and Urban
Development
- - -
Industries - - -
Minorities & Backward
Classes Welfare
- - -
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxiii
Government Department Ongoing Mining Mining Potential Mine Deposits
MSME - - -
Panchayati Raj - - -
Planning and Convergence - Influence, monitor and approve
interventions
-
Public Enterprises Influence, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of
other departments
-
Revenue and Disaster
Management
Plan, influence, monitor and approve
interventions
Plan, influence, monitor and approve
interventions
-
Rural Development - - -
Science and Technology
Provide technical support for Research
& Development, Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping and Data Base
Management
Provide technical support for Research
& Development, Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping and Data Base
Management
Provide technical support for Research
& Development, Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping and Data Base
Management
Skill Development and
Technical Education
Impacted by decisions of other
departments
- -
ST & SC Development - Impacted by decisions of other
departments
-
Steel and Mines
Plan, influence, develop, maintain,
invest, execute schemes, provide
technical support, monitor and approve
interventions, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain,
invest, execute schemes, provide
technical support, monitor and approve
interventions, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain,
invest, execute schemes, provide
technical support, monitor and approve
interventions, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Tourism - - -
Water Resources Influence, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of
other departments
-
Works Department - - -
Tourism
Government
Department
Religious
Tourism
Beach
Tourism
Eco-
Tourism
Business
/Conference
Tourism
Heritage
/Archaeology
Tourism
Festivals
/Fairs
Tourism
Rural
/Agricultural
Tourism
Leisure
/Amusement
/Entertainment
Tourism
Way Side
Amenities
Agriculture
and Farmer's
Empowerment
- - - - - - Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Commerce
and Transport
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
provide
technical
support
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
provide
technical
support
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
provide
technical
support
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
provide
technical
support
Influence,
invest, execute
specific
schemes,
provide
technical
support
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
provide
technical
support
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
provide
technical
support
Influence, invest,
execute specific
schemes, provide
technical support
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Cooperation
Department
- - - - - - - - -
Culture
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- - - Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
-
Directorate of
Civil Aviation
Influence Influence Influence Influence Influence Influence Influence Influence -
Energy - - - - - - - - -
Fisheries and
Animal
Resources
Development
- - - - - - - - -
Forest and
Environment
- Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
- - - - - -
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxiv
Government
Department
Religious
Tourism
Beach
Tourism
Eco-
Tourism
Business
/Conference
Tourism
Heritage
/Archaeology
Tourism
Festivals
/Fairs
Tourism
Rural
/Agricultural
Tourism
Leisure
/Amusement
/Entertainment
Tourism
Way Side
Amenities
other
departments
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Handloom,
Textile and
Handicrafts
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Housing and
Urban
Development
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
invest, execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- Influence, invest,
execute specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Industries
- - - Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- - - - -
Minorities &
Backward
Classes
Welfare
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- - - Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
-
MSME
- - - Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- - - - -
Panchayati
Raj
- - - - - Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- -
Planning and
Convergence
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
-
Public
Enterprises
- - - - - - - - -
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Rural
Development
- - - - - Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
- -
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxv
Government
Department
Religious
Tourism
Beach
Tourism
Eco-
Tourism
Business
/Conference
Tourism
Heritage
/Archaeology
Tourism
Festivals
/Fairs
Tourism
Rural
/Agricultural
Tourism
Leisure
/Amusement
/Entertainment
Tourism
Way Side
Amenities
other
departments
other
departments
Science and
Technology
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping
and Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Skill
Development
and Technical
Education
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
-
ST & SC
Development
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- - - Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
-
Steel and
Mines
- - - - - - - - -
Tourism
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest, execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain, invest,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support, monitor
and approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Water
Resources
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
-
Works
Department
- - - - - - - - -
Infrastructure
Government
Department Roads Airports Railways Ports
Inland
Waterways
Other
Logistics
Power
Generation
(Renewable
)
Power
Generation
(Non-
Renewable)
Power
Generation
(Nuclear)
Power Grid
/Sub
Station
Power
Transmissio
n Lines
Agriculture and
Farmer's
Empowerment
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influences
and invests
in agriculture
oriented
logistics like
markets,
granaries,
cold storage
etc.
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Commerce and
Transport
Influence Influence Plan,
influence,
develop,
Plan,
influence,
develop,
- Plan,
influence,
develop,
- - - - Influence
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxvi
Government
Department Roads Airports Railways Ports
Inland
Waterways
Other
Logistics
Power
Generation
(Renewable
)
Power
Generation
(Non-
Renewable)
Power
Generation
(Nuclear)
Power Grid
/Sub
Station
Power
Transmissio
n Lines
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Cooperation
Department
- - - - - Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
- - - - -
Culture - - - - - - - - - - -
Directorate of
Civil Aviation
- Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
- - - - - - - - -
Energy
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Fisheries and
Animal
Resources
Development
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- - - - - - - - - -
Forest and
Environment
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- - Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Handloom,
Textile and
Handicrafts
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
- Influenced
and impacted
- - - - -
Housing and
Urban
Development
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxvii
Government
Department Roads Airports Railways Ports
Inland
Waterways
Other
Logistics
Power
Generation
(Renewable
)
Power
Generation
(Non-
Renewable)
Power
Generation
(Nuclear)
Power Grid
/Sub
Station
Power
Transmissio
n Lines
Industries
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Minorities &
Backward
Classes Welfare
- - - - - - - - - - -
MSME Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
- Influenced
and impacted
- - - - -
Panchayati Raj Influenced
and impacted
- Influenced
and impacted
- - - - - - - -
Planning and
Convergence
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Public
Enterprises
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- - - - Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
Acquisition,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Rural
Development
Influenced
and impacted
- Influenced
and impacted
- - - - - - - -
Science and
Technology
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Developmen
t, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Developmen
t, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Developmen
t, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Developmen
t, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Developmen
t, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Developmen
t, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Developmen
t, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Developmen
t, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Developmen
t, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Developmen
t, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Developmen
t, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Skill
Development
and Technical
Education
- - - - - - - - - - -
ST & SC
Development
- - - - - - - - - - -
Steel and Mines
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
invest,
execute
specific
schemes,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Tourism Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
- Influenced
and impacted
- - - - -
Water Resources Influenced
and impacted
- Influenced
and impacted
- Influenced
and impacted
- Influence,
impacted by
- - - -
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxviii
Government
Department Roads Airports Railways Ports
Inland
Waterways
Other
Logistics
Power
Generation
(Renewable
)
Power
Generation
(Non-
Renewable)
Power
Generation
(Nuclear)
Power Grid
/Sub
Station
Power
Transmissio
n Lines
decisions of
other
departments
Works
Department
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
, impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
, impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
, impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
, impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
, impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
, impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- - - - -
Settlements
Government Department Existing Settlement Proposed upcoming Settlements
(Greenfield) Settlement Expansion
Agriculture and Farmer's
Empowerment
- Impacted by decisions of other
departments
Impacted by decisions of other
departments
Commerce and Transport Influence, invest, execute specific schemes,
provide technical support
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes,
provide technical support
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes,
provide technical support
Cooperation Department - - -
Culture Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted
Directorate of Civil Aviation - - -
Energy Influence, invest, execute specific schemes,
provide technical support
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes,
provide technical support
Influence, invest, execute specific schemes,
provide technical support
Fisheries and Animal
Resources Development
impacted by decisions of other
departments
impacted by decisions of other
departments
impacted by decisions of other
departments
Forest and Environment impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Handloom, Textile and
Handicrafts
Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted
Housing and Urban
Development
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and approve
interventions, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and approve
interventions, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and approve
interventions, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Industries
Influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Minorities & Backward
Classes Welfare
Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted
MSME Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted
Panchayati Raj
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and approve
interventions, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and approve
interventions, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, provide technical
support, monitor and approve
interventions, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Planning and Convergence Influence, monitor and approve
interventions
Influence, monitor and approve
interventions
Influence, monitor and approve
interventions
Public Enterprises Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Revenue and Disaster
Management
Influence, Acquisition, impacted by
decisions of other departments
Influence, Acquisition, impacted by
decisions of other departments
Influence, Acquisition, impacted by
decisions of other departments
Rural Development Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted
Science and Technology
Provide technical support for Research &
Development, Remote Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and Data Base Management
Provide technical support for Research &
Development, Remote Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and Data Base Management
Provide technical support for Research &
Development, Remote Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and Data Base Management
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxix
Government Department Existing Settlement Proposed upcoming Settlements
(Greenfield) Settlement Expansion
Skill Development and
Technical Education
Impacted by decisions of other
departments
Impacted by decisions of other
departments
Impacted by decisions of other
departments
ST & SC Development Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted
Steel and Mines
Influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Influence, develop, maintain, invest,
execute schemes, impacted by decisions of
other departments
Tourism Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Water Resources Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Works Department - - -
Wastelands
Government
Department
Gullied and
Ravinous
Land Affected
with Salinity
/Alkalinity
Degraded
Agriculture &
Forest Land
Degraded
Pastures and
Grazing Land
Sands Industrial
Waste Land
Mining Waste
Land /Closed
Mines
Barren
/Rocky
/Stoney Waste
Land
Agriculture and
Farmer's
Empowerment
- - Plan, influence,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- - impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- -
Commerce and
Transport
Negative Influence - - - - - - -
Cooperation
Department
- - - - - - - -
Culture - - - - - - - -
Directorate of
Civil Aviation
- - - - - - - -
Energy Negative Influence - - - - - - -
Fisheries and
Animal
Resources
Development
- - Plan, influence,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan, influence,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- - - -
Forest and
Environment
Plan, influence,
execute schemes,
provide technical
support, impacted
by decisions of
other departments
Plan, influence,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan, influence,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan, influence,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan, influence,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- - -
Handloom,
Textile and
Handicrafts
- - - - - - - -
Housing and
Urban
Development
Negative Influence - Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
- - -
Industries Negative Influence Negative
Influence
- - Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
- -
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxx
Government
Department
Gullied and
Ravinous
Land Affected
with Salinity
/Alkalinity
Degraded
Agriculture &
Forest Land
Degraded
Pastures and
Grazing Land
Sands Industrial
Waste Land
Mining Waste
Land /Closed
Mines
Barren
/Rocky
/Stoney Waste
Land
Minorities &
Backward
Classes Welfare
- - - - - - - -
MSME - - - - - Negative
Influence
- -
Panchayati Raj
- - Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
-
Planning and
Convergence
- Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest, execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest, execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest, execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest, execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest, execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest, execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Plan, influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest, execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Public
Enterprises
- - - - - - - -
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
Influence, impacted
by decisions of
other departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Rural
Development
- - Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
-
Science and
Technology
Provide technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote Sensing,
Spatial Mapping
and Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Skill
Development
and Technical
Education
- - - - - - - -
ST & SC
Development
- - - - - - - -
Steel and Mines Negative Influence - - - Negative
Influence
- Negative
Influence
-
Tourism
- - - - - - - Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Water
Resources
Influence, impacted
by decisions of
other departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- - - - - -
Works
Department
- - - - - - - -
Socially Vulnerable
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxxi
Government
Department Tribal Areas (PESA) Forest Rights Protection Areas
Agriculture and
Farmer's Empowerment
Plans and gets Impacted by decisions of other departments Plans, influences and gets Impacted by decisions of other
departments
Commerce and
Transport
Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted
Cooperation
Department
Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted
Culture Impacted by decisions of other departments Impacted by decisions of other departments
Directorate of Civil
Aviation
- -
Energy - -
Fisheries and Animal
Resources Development
Impacted by decisions of other departments Impacted by decisions of other departments
Forest and Environment - Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes,
provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions
Handloom, Textile and
Handicrafts
Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted
Housing and Urban
Development
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes,
provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions,
impacted by decisions of other departments
-
Industries Influenced and impacted -
Minorities & Backward
Classes Welfare
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes,
provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions,
impacted by decisions of other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes,
provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions,
impacted by decisions of other departments
MSME Influenced and impacted -
Panchayati Raj
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes,
provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions,
impacted by decisions of other departments
-
Planning and
Convergence
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes,
provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions
Influence, monitor and approve interventions
Public Enterprises - -
Revenue and Disaster
Management
Influence, Acquisition, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Influence, Acquisition, impacted by decisions of other
departments
Rural Development
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes,
provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions,
impacted by decisions of other departments
-
Science and Technology Provide technical support for Research & Development, Remote
Sensing, Spatial Mapping and Data Base Management
Provide technical support for Research & Development, Remote
Sensing, Spatial Mapping and Data Base Management
Skill Development and
Technical Education
Impacted by decisions of other departments Impacted by decisions of other departments
ST & SC Development
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes,
provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions,
impacted by decisions of other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes,
provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions,
impacted by decisions of other departments
Steel and Mines Negative Influence Negative Influence
Tourism Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted
Water Resources
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes,
provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions,
impacted by decisions of other departments
Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes,
provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions,
impacted by decisions of other departments
Works Department - -
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxxii
Disaster Prone Areas
Government
Department
Cyclone
Prone Zones
Flood Prone
Zones
Tsunami
Prone
Zones
Land Slide
Prone
Zones
Natural Fire
Prone
Zones
Earthquake
Prone
Zones
Water
Scarcity
Prone
Zones
Extreme
Temperatur
e Risk
Zones
Major
Accident
Hazzard
Projects
Nuclear and
Radiologica
l Disasters
Gas Leaks
/Air
Contaminatio
n
Blasts
Water
Contaminati
on
Biological
Contaminati
on
Fire
Agriculture and
Farmer's
Empowerment
Plans and gets
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plans and
gets
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plans and
gets
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plans and
gets
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- - - - - - - - Plans and
gets Impacted
by decisions
of other
departments
Plans and gets
Impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
-
Commerce and
Transport
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
- - - - - - - - - - -
Cooperation
Department
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Culture - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Directorate of
Civil Aviation
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
- Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Fisheries and
Animal
Resources
Development
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
- - Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced and
impacted
- Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
-
Forest and
Environment
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
- Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influence,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
-
Handloom,
Textile and
Handicrafts
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Housing and
Urban
Development
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced and
impacted
Influenced
and
impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and
impacted
Industries Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Influenced
and impacted
Negative
Influence
Minorities &
Backward
Classes Welfare
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
- - - Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
- - Influenced and
impacted
- Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
-
MSME Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Influenced
and impacted
Negative
Influence
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxxiii
Government
Department
Cyclone
Prone Zones
Flood Prone
Zones
Tsunami
Prone
Zones
Land Slide
Prone
Zones
Natural Fire
Prone
Zones
Earthquake
Prone
Zones
Water
Scarcity
Prone
Zones
Extreme
Temperatur
e Risk
Zones
Major
Accident
Hazzard
Projects
Nuclear and
Radiologica
l Disasters
Gas Leaks
/Air
Contaminatio
n
Blasts
Water
Contaminati
on
Biological
Contaminati
on
Fire
Panchayati Raj
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced and
impacted
Influenced
and
impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and
impacted
Planning and
Convergence
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Influence,
monitor and
approve
interventions
Public
Enterprises
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Revenue and
Disaster
Management
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Measures,
Disaster
Mitigation
Measures,
Disaster
Management
Post Disaster
Rehabilitation
and
Resettlement
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Measures,
Disaster
Mitigation
Measures,
Disaster
Management
Post Disaster
Rehabilitatio
n and
Resettlement
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Measures,
Disaster
Mitigation
Measures,
Disaster
Management
Post Disaster
Rehabilitatio
n and
Resettlement
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Measures,
Disaster
Mitigation
Measures,
Disaster
Management
Post Disaster
Rehabilitatio
n and
Resettlement
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Measures,
Disaster
Mitigation
Measures,
Disaster
Management
Post Disaster
Rehabilitatio
n and
Resettlement
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Measures,
Disaster
Mitigation
Measures,
Disaster
Management
Post Disaster
Rehabilitatio
n and
Resettlement
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Measures,
Disaster
Mitigation
Measures,
Disaster
Management
Post Disaster
Rehabilitatio
n and
Resettlement
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Measures,
Disaster
Mitigation
Measures,
Disaster
Management
Post Disaster
Rehabilitatio
n and
Resettlement
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Measures,
Disaster
Mitigation
Measures,
Disaster
Management
Post Disaster
Rehabilitatio
n and
Resettlement
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Measures,
Disaster
Mitigation
Measures,
Disaster
Management
Post Disaster
Rehabilitatio
n and
Resettlement
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Measures,
Disaster
Mitigation
Measures,
Disaster
Management
Post Disaster
Rehabilitation
and
Resettlement
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Measures,
Disaster
Mitigation
Measures,
Disaster
Management
Post Disaster
Rehabilitatio
n and
Resettlement
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Measures,
Disaster
Mitigation
Measures,
Disaster
Management
Post Disaster
Rehabilitation
and
Resettlement
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Measures,
Disaster
Mitigation
Measures,
Disaster
Management
Post Disaster
Rehabilitation
and
Resettlement
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Measures,
Disaster
Mitigation
Measures,
Disaster
Management
Post Disaster
Rehabilitatio
n and
Resettlement
Rural
Development
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced and
impacted
Influenced
and
impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and
impacted
Science and
Technology
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development
, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development
, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development
, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development
, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development
, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development
, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development
, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development
, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development
, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing, Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Developmen
t, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development
, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Development,
Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Provide
technical
support for
Research &
Developmen
t, Remote
Sensing,
Spatial
Mapping and
Data Base
Management
Skill
Development
and Technical
Education
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
ST & SC
Development
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxxiv
Government
Department
Cyclone
Prone Zones
Flood Prone
Zones
Tsunami
Prone
Zones
Land Slide
Prone
Zones
Natural Fire
Prone
Zones
Earthquake
Prone
Zones
Water
Scarcity
Prone
Zones
Extreme
Temperatur
e Risk
Zones
Major
Accident
Hazzard
Projects
Nuclear and
Radiologica
l Disasters
Gas Leaks
/Air
Contaminatio
n
Blasts
Water
Contaminati
on
Biological
Contaminati
on
Fire
Steel and Mines Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Negative
Influence
- Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Negative
Influence
Influenced
and impacted
Negative
Influence
Tourism Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
- Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
- - - Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
-
Water
Resources
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
- Influenced
and impacted
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Influenced
and impacted
Influenced
and impacted
- - - Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest,
execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
Plan,
influence,
develop,
maintain,
invest, execute
schemes,
provide
technical
support,
monitor and
approve
interventions,
impacted by
decisions of
other
departments
-
Works
Department
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline
GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxxv
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH
Land Use Planning and Management (LUPM)
3rd Floor, B-5/2 Safdarjung Enclave New Delhi 110029 India
T: +91 11 4949 5353 F: +91 11 4949 5391
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