applications of the pentamaran hull form ... - boat design net

1BMT Nigel Gee and Associates Ltd

Applications of the Pentamaran Hull Form for Fast Sealift and Freight Applications

Presentation to

National Shipbuilding Research Program

3 March 2005

by

Nigel Gee, Managing Director

BMT Nigel Gee and Associates Ltd

and presented by

Chad Hawkins

BMT Designers and Planners


Pentamaran Concept


The Pentamaran

‘Pentamaran’ is a slender monohull stabilised by four sponsons, 2 port and 2 starboard.

The main hull is optimised for minimum resistance for a specified deadweight and speed.

The sponsons are designed and positioned to give the desired stability characteristics.

The use of the four sponsons instead of two (trimaran) gives enhanced stability at minimum drag and immunity from parametric rolling.

Pentamaran gives the lowest possible resistance and powering and has excellent seakeeping.


Example Pentamaran Container ShipWaterjet propulsion proven in-service units fixed pitch impellers in-water maintainability

Four or five independent transmissions. High degree of redundancy. No special gearboxes or clutches

Medium speed Diesels with proven long term in service reliability.

Optimised slender hull for minimum resistance, low speed loss in waves, and excellent habitability in rough conditions

Open Top design –no hatch covers – for quick turnaround. All forty-foot bays.

Patented Pentamaran design.Stabilised by four sponsons giving greater stability than conventional vessels - Redundancy for Damaged Stability cases.


Pentamaran Conceptual FeaturesTORSIONAL INPUT TO SHIPSPREAD OVER 2 LOCATIONS

SLENDER SPONSONSFOR LOW DRAG

SHIP MEETS ALL DAMAGEDSTABILITY REGULATIONS, INCLUDINGTOTAL SPONSON LOSS.

AFT SPONSONS ONLY IN WATERIN FULL LOAD UPRIGHT CONDITION

PAIR OF SPONSONS ALLOWPARALLEL MOORING


Pentamaran Stabilising Concept

Progressive HeelingAft Sponsons Forward Sponsons

Upright - Zero Heel Angle

Small Heel Angle

Larger Heel Angles


Pentamaran History

Patented September 1996 - Patent expires September 2016

Development and tank testing ADX 1996-1998

11 technical papers published 1997-2003

MARAD (USA) Sealift development and tank testing 1998

DERA fast sealift vessel 1998

***** project “ADX Express” 1999-2000 Fast Transatlantic container service

IZAR license signed September 2001 – exclusive license for Ro-Ro and Ro-Pax in Europe2003 first IZAR vessel draft contract with Buquebus – start construction 2004?

July 2003 F5 frigate concept

September 2003 IZAR renew license


Pentamaran Market Sectors

Ro-Pax

Ro-Ro

Lo-Lo

Sealift

Naval


Pentamaran Ro-Pax


Pentamaran Ro-Pax

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

28.0 30.0 32.0 34.0 36.0 38.0 40.0 42.0 44.0 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 56.0 58.0

Speed (knots)

Dw

t.Spe

ed /

Pow

er (t

.kno

t/kW

)

IZAR/NGA Fast Ro-Pax (Aluminium / Gas Turbines)

Limit of Existing Technology

IZAR/NGA Fast Ro-Pax (Steel / Medium Speed Diesels / HFO)

Existing Fast Car-Passenger Ferries


Pentamaran Ro-Ro


Pentamaran Ro-Ro

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

28.0 30.0 32.0 34.0 36.0 38.0 40.0 42.0 44.0 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 56.0 58.0

Speed (knots)

Dw

t.Spe

ed /

Pow

er (t

.kno

t/kW

)

IZAR/NGA Fast Ro-Ro (Steel / Medium Speed Diesels / HFO)

Limit of Existing Technology

IZAR/NGA Fast Ro-Pax (Steel / Medium Speed Diesels / HFO)

Existing Fast Car-Passenger Ferries


Pentamaran Lo-Lo

Principal Particulars

LOA 279.10 m

BMOULDED 48.85 m

Draught 7.71 m

Service Speed 41 knots

Payload 6000 tonnes


Pentamaran Lo-Lo

Dedicated transatlantic service for ***** – 5 x 8000 tonne payload 40 knot container ships

Business rationale to take market share from air freight & sea freight

Annual Transatlantic Container Traffic

Sea Freight 100m tonnes

Air Freight 4m tonnes

ADX Express 5m tonnes

Originally ***** to own ships – ADX to operate

Now need owners / operators


Pentamaran Lo-Lo

USA TO EUROPE

1 DAY 1/2 DAY 4 DAYS 1/2 DAY 1 DAY

EUROPE TO USA

USA TO EUROPE

EUROPE TO USA

1 DAY 1/2 DAY 1/2 DAY 1 DAY4 DAYS

• From USA sender to Europe receiver in seven days, and vice versa.

• From Port-To-Port in four days all year round.

COMPARISON WITH EXISTING CARRIERS

CARRIER

Air Integrator (e.g. FEDEX, DHL)

Air Freight

EXPRESS

Ocean Freight

DOOR TO DOOR DELIVERY

Next Day

5 to 6 Days

7 Days

17 to 25 Days

Ship Port-To-Port

4 Days

USA - EuropeDoor to Door 7 Days


Pentamaran Lo-Lo

THE COMPETITION

CARRIER

Air Integrator

DOOR TO DOOR TRANSATLANTIC DELIVERY

$ 20.0 Next Day

Air Freight $ 2.0 5 to 6 Days

$ 0.5 7 DaysEXPRESS

Ocean Freight $ 0.2 17 to 25 Days

Cost US$ / kg


Ship Motions

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50

Yaw (Deg)

4.0

6.0

8.0

Sign

ifica

nt W

ave

Hei

ght (

m)

RMS Response

Original Modified

RMS Yaw Response in Bow Quartering Seas


Ship Motions

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0Roll (Deg)

4.0

6.0

8.0

Sign

ifica

nt W

ave

Hei

ght (

m)

RMS Response

Original Modified

RMS Roll Response in Bow Quartering Seas


Speed Loss

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0Speed Loss (knots)

2

4

6

8

Sign

ifica

nt W

ave

Hei

ght (

m)

Original Modified

Speed Loss in Bow Quartering Seas


Pentamaran Sealift Ship


Pentamaran Sealift Datasheet

21


Pentamaran Sealift General Arrangement

22


Pentamaran Comparisons with Carderock HSS Innovation Cell Designs – Transport Factor

Workshop TFSOA Limit Line

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

35 45 55 65 75 85 95

Speed (knots)

Tran

spor

t Fac

tor

Monohull

Catamaran

Trimaran

Pentamaran

SES

WorkShop TF SOA Limit

USTC Inter Theater

Army Shuttle

NWDC Intra Theater Support

USMC LogisticsCoastal Commercial

Trans Ocean Commercial

US Navy Vision

US Army Vision

Outliers

23


Pentamaran Comparisons with Carderock HSS Innovation Cell Designs – Fuel Consumption

0.0000

0.0005

0.0010

0.0015

0.0020

0.0025

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000

Range (nm)

Tonn

es o

f fue

l per

tonn

e - m

ile o

f car

go

HSS Monohulls

HSS Cats

HSS Trimarans

SES

Aircraft

V22

C130

C17C5

747F

LMSR *SL7 *

PentamaranPentamaran

24


The Pentamaran – Current Projects

SeaBridge Ro-Pax, USA

F5, UK

25


Seabridge Rendering

26


Seabridge Principal Particulars

LOA 300m

BOA 45m (main hull 23.4m)

VK 42 knots

DWT 6500 tonnes

Power medium speed diesels

(heavy fuel)

27


F5 Pentamaran

28


F5 Pentamaran Datasheet

29


F5 Pentamaran General Arrangement

30


Summary

A large range of Pentamarans have been developed:

– 5000 to 30000 tonnes displacement– 35 to 45 knots– 1000 to 4000 nautical miles range

Pentamaran preliminary designs are shipyard & classification society approved.

Pentamaran designs are the most fuel efficient technology for fast sealift vessels.

Pentamaran technology is ready for production.

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