applications of newton's law

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01 RASHEL AHMED 21-03402 RUMANA BARKAT RUMU 21-19103 MAIMUNA AKTER 21-12104 Md. MAHABUB ALAM 21-26005 PRANAB CHANDRA GHOSH 21-265

Our respected course teachers are:

Course Name: General Science & Environment(F-110)Dept. of Finance , University of Dhaka

Dr. Md. Zahangir Alam Professor(Dept. of Applied Chemistry & Chemical

Engineering, DU)Dr. Ratan Chandra Gosh

Associate Professor (Dept. of Physics, DU)

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Applications of Newton’s Laws in Real Life

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RASHEL AHMED

Id No: 21-034

NEWTON (1642-1726)

Sir Issac Newton was an English Physicist and mathematician and a well known Scientist. He discovered 3 laws of motion & Universal Gravitational Law. We will discuss about them in the next slides.

Newton’s law of Motion

Sir Isaac Newton discovered the 3 laws of motion.

1st law(Inertia) 2nd law 3rd law

Newton’s Laws of Motion

Newton’s First Law: Objects in motion tend to stay in motion and objects at

rest tend to stay at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

Newton’s Second Law: Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma).

Newton’s Third Law:For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

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MAIMUNA AKTER

ID No: 21-121

An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

Newton’s First LawNewton’s First Law of Motion

Newton’s 1st law An object at rest remains at rest and

on object in motion remains in motion with the same speed and direction.

Newton’s First Law of Motion

What does this mean?

Basically, an object will “keep doing what it was doing” unless acted on by an unbalanced force.

If the object was sitting still, it will remain stationary. If it was moving at a constant velocity, it will keep moving.

It takes force to change the motion of an object.

Law of Inertia

Newton’s first law is also called law of inertia.

Inertia: It is the inability of the body to change the state of motion and its state of rest by itself.

Which is directly related to the first law of Motion.

Newton’s First Law

Real life examples of Newton's first law

1.When a bus suddenly starts, the passengers sitting or standing in the bus tend to fall backward. This is due to inertia of rest and can be explained as follows: when the bus suddenly starts, the lower part of the body of the passenger which is in contact with the bus moves along with the bus while the upper part of the body tends to retain its state of rest due to inertia. As a result, the passenger falls backward.


2. When a branch of a tree is vigorously shaken the fruits and seeds in It fall down to inertia of

rest.


3. A rider on a running horse is thrown forward when the horse stops suddenly due to inertia of motion.

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Md. MAHABUB ALAM

Id No: 21-260

Force equals mass times acceleration.

F = ma

Newton’s Second Law

Acceleration: a measurement of how quickly an object is changing speed.



Force is directly proportional to mass and acceleration. Which is F=ma.

* Imagine a ball of a certain mass moving at a certain acceleration. This ball has a certain force.

* Now imagine we make the ball twice as big (double the mass) but keep the acceleration constant. F = ma says that this new ball has twice the force of the old ball.


* Now imagine the original ball moving at twice the original acceleration. F = ma says that the ball will again have twice the force of the ball at the original acceleration.

What does F = ma say?

F = ma basically means that the force of an object comes from its mass and its acceleration.

If you double the mass, you double the force. If you double the acceleration, you double the force.

Doubling the mass and the acceleration quadruples the force.

(2m)(2a) = 4FSo . . . what if you decrease the mass by

half? How much force would the object have now?

Real life examples of Newton's 2nd law

THIS LAW STATES… Newton's second law states that the speed of

acceleration of a moving object depends on the object's mass and the force being exerted on it.


1. One instance of this is the understanding that it requires much more force to push a vehicle than to kick a soccer ball.


2. Simply, Newton's second law represents the fact that the greater the mass of an object, the more force there is needed in order to move it. This explains why, for example, it requires one person to easily lift a box weighing five pounds but multiple people exerting more force collectively to lift a box weighing 100 pounds.

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RUMANA BARKAT RUMU

ID NO:21-191

Newton’s Third Law of Motion

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

LAW OF INTERACTION

“In every action, there is always an equal and opposite reaction”

Newton’s Laws of Motion

3rd Law States – When one object exerts a force on another object, the 2nd object exerts an equal and opposite force back on the 1st object.

APPLICATION OF THIRD LAW OF MOTION

While firing a bullet , the gun must be held tight to the shoulder.

When a man jumps from a boat to the shore, the boat slightly moves away from the shore.

When a bullet is fired from a gun, the gun recalls or gives a kick in backward direction.

Rocket works on the principle of conservation of momentum.

If some one left on a frictionless floor desire to get out of it, he can do so by blowing air out of his mouth.

Newton’s 3rd Law in Nature Consider the propulsion of

a fish through the water. A fish uses its fins to push water backwards. In turn, the water reacts by pushing the fish forwards, propelling the fish through the water.

The size of the force on the water equals the size of the force on the fish; the direction of the force on the water (backwards) is opposite the direction of the force on the fish (forwards).

Newton’s 3rd Law in Nature

Flying gracefully through the air, birds depend on Newton’s third law of motion. As the birds push down on the air with their wings, the air pushes their wings up and gives them lift.

Other examples of Newton’s Third Law

The baseball forces the bat to the left (an action); the bat forces the ball to the right (the reaction).

Application of Newton’s 3rd Law

Action: man jumps from boat to the shoreReaction: boat slightly moves away from the

shore(recoils)

Application of Newton’s 3rd Law

The reaction of a rocket is an application of the third law of motion. Various fuels are burned in the engine, producing hot gases. The hot gases push against the inside tube of the rocket and escape out the bottom of the tube. As the gases move downward, the rocket moves in the opposite direction.

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PRANAB CHANDRA GHOSH

ID No: 21-265

Newton’s Laws(Cont’d)

Newton’s Law Of Gravitation

The idea of gravity was Introduced by Sir Isaac Newton in the late 1600’s

He was a scientist who combine ideas to explain how the universe operates

All Matter Is Affected by Gravity

Because of gravity you are being pulled toward your book, your pencil, and every other object around you.

You exert an attractive force on everything around you and everything is exerting an attractive force on you.

This attractive force is called gravity. All objects experience an attraction toward all other

objects in this universe.

Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation(Cont’d)

This Law States…..Every particle of matter in the universe attracts every

other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of the masses of the particles and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Gravitational ForceGravitation force depends on two things:

• The mass of the two objects• The distance between the two objects

G The Universal Gravitational Constant› It is the same everywhere in the Universe

G = 6.673 10-11 N∙m2/kg2

Always same on every location

Gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of masses.


Gravitational Force and Distance

Gravity between any person and the earth is greater than the gravity between the person and the sun.

Gravitational force decreases as distance increases.


Gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of distance between the masses

Gravitational Force and Mass

Earth attracts an elephant more than a cat. Earth attracts coconut more than an apple. Earth’s gravitational force is greater than that of

moon.

Gravitational force increases as mass increases.

Mass, Distance AND Gravitational Force

Examples of Gravitation......

Some examples are—

Examples of Gravitation......Brick’s recurring pushing on ground

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applications of newton's law

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