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Siemens PTD EA · Applications for SIPROTEC Protection Relays · 2005 1 Transformer Protection n1. Intro ducti on Transformers are valuable equipment which make a major contribution to the supply security of the power system. Optimum design of the transform- er protection ensures that any faults that may oc- cur are found quickly, so that consequential damage is minimized. A special variant is the so-called autotransformer in which, unlike in the full transformer, the voltage and current transfor- mation is not performed by two independent windings but uses part of the winding from both sides, allowing a much more compact design. The spectrum of autotransforme rs ranges from small distribution system transformers (from 1000 kVA) to large transformers of several hun- dred MVA. Their use becomes more interesting, the less the ratio between the high-voltage (HV) side and low-voltage (LV) side deviates from 1, i.e. the less energy is transmitted via the magnetic coupling which leads to a saving in iron material. In addition to the design notes, a complete setting example with SIPROTEC protection relays for a triple-wound autotransformer in the transmission system is described. n2. Protection concept Differential protection offers fast, selective short- circuit protection, alone or as a supplement to the Buchholz protection. In larger units from about 5 MVA it is part of the standard equipment. In ad- dition to the main protection function which reli- ably clears a short-circuit within the protected ob-  ject, a fully-fledged protection concept contains a number of additional functions which take care of other problems such as overload, overexcitation, etc. All the necessary functions are already con- tained in the SIPROTEC 4 relays. Backup protec- tion functions are a useful addition. Fig. 2 shows an example of a full protection concept for an autotransforme r. Prot ec tion of an  Autotransformer Fi g. 1 SIPROTEC 7UT6 transformer protection Fi g. 2 Protection of an autotransforme r 7UT613 7UT612

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