ap chapter 1 review - effective educator · web viewimperial strength and weakness american pluses...

AP Chapter 1 Review (You can start on page 10)

I. Key Terms and Concepts

ColumbusWhen Worlds CollideTreaty of Tordesillas ConquistadoresMagellan Francisco PizarroEncomiendaBartolome de Las CasasCortes Moctezuma Spread of Spanish AmericaPueblo Revolt “Black Legend”

II. Key Questions

1. What important changes took place in Europe in the years before European exploration of the “New” World?

2. What were the principal effects of Spain’s explorations in the “New” World?

AP Chapter 2 Review


RoanokeSpanish ArmadaEnclosurePrimogeniture Joint stock companiesJamestown John Smith Pocahontas Starving Time Powhatan’s ConfederacyThe Indians’ New World Tobacco Lord Baltimore Act of Toleration West IndiesSugar Restoration The CarolinasGeorgia

II. Key Questions

1. What important changes took place in England in the years before its exploration of the “New” World?

2. In what ways did the colonization of Jamestown affect the Native Americans who lived there?

3. In what ways were the “plantation colonies” (Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia) similar to and different from each other?

AP Chapter 3 Review


Martin LutherReformationJohn Calvin Puritans PilgrimsMayflower CompactWilliam BradfordJohn Winthrop“City Upon a Hill”Congregational Church“Protestant ethic”Anne Hutchinson Roger Williams Rhode Island Fundamental Orders Pequot War Praying towns King Philip’s WarBenign neglect Navigation LawsNew Netherland & Peter Stuyvesant Quakers & William Penn

II. Key Questions

1. What were the religious beliefs of the Puritans? 2. Describe the impact religion had on life in colonial New England. 3. Was the relationship between Puritans and Native Americans a good or bad one?

Why? 4. In what ways were the Quakers different from the Puritans?

AP Chapter 4 Review


The Unhealthy Chesapeake Indentured servants Headright system Bacon’s Rebellion Colonial slavery/Africans in America Stono Rebellion Social classes in the southern colonies House of BurgessesThe New England family The New England town Harvard college Half-way covenant Salem Witch Trials

Key Questions

1. Explain why Bacon’s Rebellion was an important turning point in Virginian & American history.

2. Describe the important differences between life in New England and life in the Chesapeake.

AP Chapter 5 Review


Population boom German immigrationScots-Irish immigrationCrevecoeur Structure of Colonial SocietyClerics, Physicians, JuristsWorkaday AmericaTriangular trade Horsepower and Sailpower Dominant denominationsAnglican churchGreat Awakening Jonathan Edwards George Whitefield Old lights v. new lights Schools and collegesBen Franklin John Peter Zenger The Great Game of Politics Colonial folkways

II. Key Questions

1. In what ways did the colonial population change between the 1600s and the 1700s?

2. What where the important effects of the Great Awakening?

AP Chapter 6 Review


New FranceThe Clash of EmpiresGeorge Washington Fort Necessity French and Indian War (Seven Years War)Albany CongressGeneral Braddock Fort Duquesne William Pitt Battle of Quebec Restless ColonistsPontiac’s Rebellion Proclamation of 1763

II. Key Questions

1. In what ways was New France different from English colonies in North America?

2. What were the most important effects of the French and Indian War for France, England, and the colonists?

AP Chapter 7 Review

I. Key Terms

RepublicanismMercantilism Navigation Law Sugar ActQuartering ActStamp Act Virtual representation Stamp Act CongressNonimportation agreements Sons of Liberty Townshend ActsBoston Massacre Committees of Correspondence British East India Company Boston Tea Party Intolerable Acts 1st Continental Congress The Association Lexington and Concord Imperial Strength and Weakness American Pluses and Minuses Valley Forge Lord Dunmore’s Decree

II. Key Questions

1. Which laws and taxes England created in the 1760s and 1770s were reasonable? Which were unreasonable? Why?

2. What tactics did the American colonists use to try to force England to change its laws and remove its taxes?

3. What advantages and disadvantages did each side have once the war actually began?

Chapter 8 AP Review


2nd Continental CongressGeorge WashingtonBattle of Bunker Hill Olive Branch Petition Hessians Common Sense Republicanism Declaration of Independence Loyalists Battle of Long Island Trenton and PrincetonBattle of SaratogaBen Franklin A Colonial War Becomes a Wider WarBenedict ArnoldCharleston General Cornwallis Yorktown Treaty of Paris

II. Key Questions

1. What were the major turning points in the Revolutionary War that enabled the American colonists to win?

2. To what extent were colonists united in their opposition to British rule during the Revolutionary War?

Chapter 9 AP Review


The Pursuit of Equality Constitution Making in the StatesEconomic Crosscurrents Articles of Confederation Land Ordinance of 1785Northwest Ordinance of 1787The World’s Ugly Duckling Shays’s RebellionAnnapolis Convention Philadelphia Convention Patriots in PhiladelphiaGreat Compromise3/5 Compromise Safeguards for Conservatism FederalistsAntifederalists The Great Debate in the States Federalist PapersA Conservative Triumph

II. Key Questions

1. In what ways did the colonists’ victory in the American Revolution change American society and economy?

2. Why did the our nation’s first constitution – the Articles of Confederation – fail?3. In what ways was the Constitution different from the Articles of Confederation?4. Describe the difficulties the founders faced in writing the Constitution and explain

how they overcame these difficulties.

Chapter 10 AP Review


Growing PainsWashington for PresidentBill of RightsAlexander HamiltonFunding the DebtAssuming the Debt Tariffs National bankStrict constructionWhiskey RebellionEmergence of Political PartiesImpact of the French RevolutionNeutrality Proclamation Embroilments with BritainJay’s TreatyPinckney’s TreatyWashington Farewell AddressJohn Adams Becomes PresidentX, Y, Z Affair Alien and Sedition Acts The Virginia and Kentucky ResolutionsFederalistsJeffersonian-Republicans

II. Key Questions

1. What were the most serious problems the United States faced during the 1790s?2. What did Federalists and Jeffersonian-Republicans disagree about?



Sally HemingsRevolution of 1800Responsibility Breeds ModerationJeffersonian RestraintJudiciary Act of 1801Marbury v. Madison The Louisiana Godsend The Lewis and Clark Expedition The Aaron Burr Conspiracies Impressment The Chesapeake Embargo Act of 1807Non-Intercourse Act Macon’s Bill No. 2 War hawksTecumseh Mr. Madison’s War

II. Key Questions

1. Why is the election of 1800 sometimes referred to as a “revolution”? 2. What were the principal causes of the War of 1812?



On to CanadaWashington BurnedBattle of New Orleans Treaty of Ghent Hartford Convention The Second War for American Independence The American System & Henry Clay Era of Good FeelingsJames Monroe Panic of 1819 Slavery and Sectional BalanceThe Uneasy Missouri Compromise John Marshall & Judicial Nationalism Dartmouth College v. WoodwardSharing Oregon and Acquiring FloridaThe Menace of Monarchy in AmericaMonroe Doctrine

II. Key Questions

1. What were the major turning points in the War of 1812?2. The 1810s have sometimes been called the Era of Good Feelings. To what extent

and in what ways was that decade actually an era of good feelings?

Chapter 13 AP Review (Skip p275-280)


The “Corrupt Bargain” of 1824 A Yankee Misfit in the White HouseElection of 1828 “Old Hickory” as PresidentThe Spoils System The “Tariff of Abominations”John C. CalhounNullification Compromise Tariff of 1833 Force BillThe Trail of Tears Indian Removal Act The Bank WarElection of 1832Burying Biddle’s Bank Whig PartyElection of 1836 Martin Van Buren Panic of 1837 Log Cabins and Hard Cider of 1840The Two Party System

II. Key Questions

1. Andrew Jackson was one of our nation’s most controversial presidents. What decisions did he make that were applauded by some Americans and hated by others?

2. In what ways did American politics change between 1830 and 1840?



The Westward MovementThe March of the MillionsThe Emerald Isle Moves WestThe German 48ersFlare-ups of AntiforeignismCreeping MechanizationEli WhitneyMarvels in ManufacturingInterchangeable PartsWorkers and “Wage Slaves”Women and the EconomyCult of DomesticityWestern Farmers Reap a Revolution in the FieldsHighways and SteamboatsErie CanalThe Iron HorseCables, Clippers, and Pony RidersTransport Web Binds the UnionThe Market Revolution

II. Key Questions

1. Describe the opportunities and dangers that immigrants faced when they arrived in the United States in the first half of the 19th century.

2. What new technologies were invented in the first half of the 19th century?3. In what ways did improvements in technology and transportation affect

Americans’ everyday lives?



Second Great AwakeningCharles Grandison FinneyDenominational DiversityMormonsJoseph SmithFree Schools for a Free PeopleHorace MannNoah WebsterHigher Goals for Higher LearningAn Age of ReformTemperance Women in RevoltCult of DomesticityDeclaration of Sentiments Wilderness Utopias The Dawn of Scientific AchievementArtistic AchievementsThe Blossoming of a National LiteratureTrumpeters of Transcendentalism Literary Individualists and DissentersPortrayers of the Past

II. Key Questions

1. In what ways did the 2nd Great Awakening affect the lives of ordinary Americans?2. What were the principal reform movements of the antebellum era?



Cotton Is King The Planter AristocracyThe White MajorityFree Blacks: Slaves Without MastersPlantation SlaveryLife under the LashThe Burdens of BondageEarly AbolitionismAmerican Colonization SocietyWilliam Lloyd GarrisonDavid Walker’s AppealFrederick DouglassThe South Lashes BackThe Gag ResolutionThe Abolitionist Impact in the North

II. Key Questions

1. Today when Americans think of slavery, they often assume that all blacks were slaves, and that all whites were slaveowners. Is this an accurate image of slavery in the antebellum era? Why/why not?

2. To what extent and in what ways were slaves able to overcome their status as slaves to create rich, meaningful lives for themselves?

3. In what ways did the antislavery movement change during the 1830s and 1840s?

Chapter 17 AP Review (Skip p371-374, Add p275-280 in Chapter 13)


Gone to TexasThe Lone Star RebellionThe Lone Star of Texas Shines AloneThe Belated Texas NuptialsThe Annexation of TexasOregon Fever Populates OregonElection of 1844Manifest Destiny54’ 40” or FightMisunderstandings with MexicoAmerican Blood on American (?) SoilThe Mastering of MexicoFighting Mexico for PeaceTreaty of Guadalupe HidalgoProfit and Loss in Mexico Wilmot Proviso

II. Key Question

1. What were the principal causes of the Mexican-American War?2. What were the main effects of the United States’ victory in the Mexican-

American War?


I. Key Terms and ConceptsPopular Sovereignty Free SoilersCaliforny GoldSectional Balance and the Underground RailroadThe Twilight of the Senatorial GiantsThe Compromise of 1850Fugitive Slave Law of 1850Personal Liberty LawsExpansionist Stirrings South of the BorderOstend ManifestoThe Allure of AsiaPacific Railroad Promoters and the Gadsden PurchaseDouglas’s Kansas-Nebraska SchemeCongress Legislates a Civil War

II. Key Questions

1. Why was the idea of “popular sovereignty” so controversial? 2. Was the Compromise of 1850 a good compromise? Why or why not? 3. Why was Stephen Douglass’ Kansas-Nebraska proposal so controversial?



Stowe and Helper: Literary IncendiariesThe North-South Contest for KansasJohn BrownLecompton ConstitutionThe Caning of Charles SumnerThe Election of 1856The Dred Scott BombshellAn Illinois Rail-Splitter EmergesThe Great Debate: Lincoln Versus DouglasJohn Brown: Murderer or Martyr?Election of 1860The Secessionist ExodusThe Collapse of Compromise Farewell to Compromise

II. Key Questions

1. What were the key events in the 1850s that increased the tension between the North and South?

2. For 70+ years after the United States was founded, the North and South were able to work out their disagreements regarding slavery without resorting to violence. Why were the North and South able to make successful compromises from the 1780s to the 1840s, but not in the 1850s?

3. Why did South Carolina and other states secede? What did they fear? Were these fears reasonable?



The Menace of SecessionSouth Carolina Assails Fort SumterBrothers’ Blood and Border BloodThe Balance of ForcesDethroning King CottonThe Decisiveness of DiplomacyPresident Davis v. President LincolnLimitations on Wartime LibertiesVolunteers and Draftees: North and SouthEconomic Stresses of WarThe North’s Economic Boom Clara BartonA Crushed Cotton Kingdom

II. Key Questions

1. What advantages and disadvantages did the Confederacy have during the Civil War?

2. How did the war affect the economies of the North and South?



Bull Run Ends the “Ninety Day War”“Tardy George” McClellan and the Peninsula CampaignRobert E. LeeUnion StrategyThe War at SeaThe Pivotal Point: AntietamA Proclamation Without Emancipation Blacks Battle BondageLee’s Last Lunge at GettysburgThe War in the WestVicksburgSherman Scorches GeorgiaThe Election of 1864Grant Outlasts LeeAppomattox The Martyrdom of Lincoln The Aftermath of the Nightmare

II. Key Questions

1. How successful were the first years of the war (1861 and 1862) for the North? Why?

2. How fairly did the Union treat African-Americans during the Civil War? 3. What were the key turning points in the Civil War that enabled the North to win?

III. Your Question(s)



The Problems of Peace Freedmen Define Freedom Freedman’s Bureau Johnson: The Tailor President 10 Percent Plan Wade-Davis Bill Johnson’s Reconstruction The Baleful Black Codes Congressional ReconstructionJohnson Clashes with Congress Republican Principles and ProgramsReconstruction by the Sword No Women VotersThe Realities of Radical Reconstruction in the South Scalwags and CarpetbaggersThe Klu Klux Klan The Force Acts Andrew Johnson’s Impeachment The Heritage of Reconstruction II. Key Questions

1. What did ex-slaves do in the weeks and months after they won their freedom? 2. What were the principal differences between Andrew Johnson and Congress’

Reconstruction plans? 3. To what extent was Reconstruction successful in protecting the rights of former

slaves?

Reconstruction Reading #2 (Chapter 23 p510-513)

I. Key Terms

The Hayes-Tilden StandoffThe Compromise of 1877 and the End of ReconstructionThe Birth of Jim Crow in the Post-Reconstruction South Plessy v. Ferguson

II. Key Questions

1. How did Reconstruction end?2. How well were African-Americans treated in the decades after the end of

Reconstruction?

Native Americans and the West Reading (Chapter 26 p594-612)

I. Key Terms

The Clash of Cultures on the PlainsCuster’s Last StandBellowing Heards of BisonBattle of Wounded KneeDawes ActMining: From Dishpan to Ore BreakerBeef Bonanzas and the Long DriveHomestead ActDry farmingThe Far West Comes of Age Frederick Jackson Turner & The “Closing” of the Frontier

II. Key Questions

1. How did white Americans force Native Americans onto reservations?2. Was the Dawes Act a reasonable attempt to improve the lives of Native

Americans or a cruel way to destroy Native American culture? Why? 3. Why did more and more white Americans move West in the late 1800s?

Farmers and the West (Chapter 26 p612-624)

I. Key Terms

The Farm Becomes a Factory Deflation Dooms the Debtor Unhappy FarmersGrangersPrelude to PopulismGolden McKinley and Silver Bryan Cross of Gold SpeechClass Conflict: Plowholders Versus BondholdersRepublican Stand-patism Enthroned

II. Key Questions

1. What problems did farmers face in the late 1800s? 2. What solutions did farmers propose to solve the problems they faced?3. How would “free silver” have helped farmers?4. Why did farmers fail to achieve most of their demands?

Industrialization (Chapter 24 p530-547)

I. Key Terms

The Iron Colt Becomes an Iron HorseSpanning the Continent with Rails Binding the Country with Railroad TiesRailroad Consolidation and Mechanization Revolution by Railways Wrongdoing in RailroadingGovernment Bridles the Iron Horse Miracles of Mechanization Vertical and Horizontal OrganizationThe Supremacy of SteelCarnegie and Other Sultans of SteelRockefeller Grows an American Beauty RoseThe Gospel of Wealth Social DarwinismGovernment Tackles the Trust Evil The South in the Age of Industry

II. Key Questions

1. In what ways did the development of railroads influence American life in the late 1800s?

2. What tactics did wealthy businessmen such as Carnegie and Rockefeller use to earn their millions?

3. How much did the government limit and regulate businesses in the late 1800s?

The Impact of Industrialization on Workers (Chapter 24 p547-556 & Chapter 26 p617-618)

I. Key Terms

The Impact of the New Industrial Revolution on AmericaIn Unions There is Strength The Knights of LaborHaymarket Square EpisodeThe American Federation of Labor (AFL) The Pullman Strike

Key Questions

1. What were some of the complaints workers had about their jobs in the late 1800s? 2. In what ways was the Knights of Labor different from the American Federation of

Labor?3. In the late 1800s, workers and unions often failed in their attempts to improve

their working conditions. What were some of the reasons for these failures?

The Impact of Industrialization on Immigration (Chapter 25 p558-572)

I. Key Terms

The Urban Frontier The New Immigration Southern Europe UprootedReactions to the New Immigration Narrowing the Welcome Mat

II. Key Questions

1. What was “new” about the “New Immigrants” of the late 1800s?2. How well were immigrants treated when they came to the United States in the late

1800s?

Cities & Culture in the Late 1800s (Chapter 25 p572-592)

I. Key Terms

Churches Confront the Urban Challenge The Lust for LearningBooker T. Washington and Education for Black People W. E. B. DuBoisThe Hallowed Halls of Ivy The Appeal of the PressHoratio Alger, Mark Twain & Stephen CraneThe Comstock LawFamilies and Women in the City Ida WellsWomen’s Christian Temperance Union The Business of Amusement

II. Key Questions

1. What were the different ways that organizations and individuals tried to make sure that cities were safe, moral places in the late 1800s?

2. In what ways did education and reading change in the late 1800s?

Politics in the Late 1800s (Chapter 23 p504-518)

I. Key Terms

The “Bloody Shirt” Elects GrantBoss Tweed & Thomas NastCredit Mobilier ScandalPallid Politics in the Gilded Age Class Conflicts and Ethnic Clashes Pendleton Act

II. Key Questions

1. What were the key political issues that Republicans and Democrats debated in the late 1800s?

2. Overall, was the late 1800s a period of effective, honest government? Why or why not?

The Progressive Era Reading #1 (Part of Chapter 28)


Progressive Roots Laissez faireJacob Riis Muckrakers Lincoln Stephens Ida Tarbell Political ProgressivismReferendum Australian ballot 17th amendment Robert La Follette Progressive Women Muller v. OregonLochner v. New York Triangle Shirtwaist Company A Square Deal for Labor Anthracite coal miners strike TR Corrals the CorporationsElkins ActHepburn Act Upton Sinclair Pure Food and Drug Act Earth Control

II. Key Questions

Describe the principal causes and consequences of progressive reform. To what extent and in what ways did progressive reforms affect the lives of

ordinary Americans?


The Progressive Era Reading #2 (Part of Chapter 28 & 29)


Election of 1908William Howard Taft Dollar Diplomacy Taft Splits the Republican Party The Taft-Roosevelt Rupture Election of 1912 Woodrow Wilson Underwood Tariff 17th Amendment Federal Reserve Act Clayton Act Wilsonian Progressivism at High TideNew Directions in Foreign PolicyMoralistic Diplomacy in Mexico Pancho Villa

II. Key Question

Describe the principal similarities and differences between the personalities and presidencies of Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson.


The Roaring 20s (Chapter 31)


Bolshevik RevolutionRed ScarePalmer raids Sacco and Vanzetti KKKImmigration Act of 1924Prohibition 18th Amendment Al Capone Scopes-Darwin TrialClarence Darrow The Mass Consumption EconomyBabe RuthHenry FordFrederick TaylorThe Advent of the Gasoline AgeOrville WrightCharles Lindbergh The Radio Revolution Birth of a NationMargaret SangerFlappers Harlem RenaissanceLangston HughesMarcus Garvey H. L. MenckenF. Scott FitzgeraldErnest Hemingway William Faulkner Frank Lloyd WrightWall Street’s Big Bull Market

II. Key Questions

How did the invention and dissemination of new technologies in the 1920s affect ordinary Americans?

America in the 1920s has sometimes been described as a society in conflict. Describe the principal conflicts in America during the 1920s.

What were the principal characteristics of art and literature in the 1920s?


The Coming of the Great Depression (Chapter 32)


Warren Harding The Aftermath of War America Seeks Benefits Without BurdensHiking the Tariff HigherTeapot Dome Scandal Calvin Coolidge Frustrated FarmersForeign Policy Flounderings Unraveling the Debt KnotHerbert HooverHawley-Smoot Tariff The Great Crash Black Tuesday Causes of the Great Depression Rugged Times for Rugged Individualists Hoover Battles the Great DepressionThe Bonus Army Japanese Militarists Attack China The Good Neighbor Policy

II. Key Questions

To what extent and in what ways were Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge successful as presidents?

How did Herbert Hoover respond to the Great Depression? To what extent was his response successful in addressing the Great Depression?


The Great Depression (Chapter 33)


FDRElection of 1932FDR’s Inaugural Address The Hundred Days Emergency Banking Relief ActGlass-Steagall ActCCCHOLCCWAFather CoughlinHuey LongDr. Robert Townsend Frances PerkinsNRA21st Amendment AAADust Bowls and Black Blizzards OkiesJohn SteinbeckTVA FHA Social Security ActWagner Act CIO Flint Sit Down StrikeElection of 1936 Court Packing Plan Keynesianism New Deal or Raw Deal? FDR’s Balance Sheet

II. Key Questions

Describe the programs created by Franklin Delano Roosevelt during the Hundred Days.

To what extent was the New Deal successful in improving the lives of ordinary Americans living through the Great Depression?

What criticisms were made of the New Deal? Do you agree with those criticisms?


The United States Becomes an Imperial Power (Chapter 27)


Yellow pressWilliam Randolph Hearst Josiah Strong Alfred Mahan Hawaii U.S.S. Maine Teller Amendment Philippines Invasion of Cuba Rough Riders An American EmpirePuerto Rico Platt AmendmentThe Open Door in China Election of 1900 Teddy Roosevelt Panama Canal Roosevelt Corollary Japanese Laborers in California

II. Key Question

Describe the causes and consequences of American expansion in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.


World War I (Chapter 29 & 30)

A Precarious Neutrality America earns blood moneyu-boatsLusitania Sussex pledge Election of 1916Zimmerman noteWilsonian idealism Fourteen PointsGeorge CreelEspionage Act of 1917Sedition Act of 1918 Workers in WartimeAlice Paul19th AmendmentForging a War Economy Creating an Army Americans Fight in WWI Paris Peace ConferenceLeague of Nations Treaty of Versailles Election of 1920Calvin Coolidge The Betrayal of Great Expectations

II. Key Questions Why did the United States declare its neutrality at the outset of World War I but

eventually join the war on the side of England and France? To what extent and in what ways did World War I affect ordinary Americans? Why was Woodrow Wilson unable to secure international and domestic support

for his Fourteen Points?


The Coming of World War II (Chapter 34)


FDR’s Good Neighbor PolicyStorm-Cellar IsolationismHitler Mussolini Neutrality Acts Spanish Civil WarAppeasement Nazi-Soviet PactThe Fall of FranceBolstering Britain with the Destroyer DealElection of 1940Lend-LeaseAtlantic Charter Pearl Harbor

II. Key Question

-- Describe the principal causes of World War II.-- Summarize the United States’ growing preparations for World War II.


World War II (Chapter 35)


Japanese internment campsBuilding the War MachineManpower and WomanpowerBracero program Wartime migrations Double V campaign Holding the Home Front Japanese Successes The Battle of MidwayAmerican Leapfrogging Toward TokyoThe Allied Halting of Hitler From North Africa to RomeTeheran ConferenceD-Day Election of 1944 The Last Days of Hitler The Atomic BombsPotsdam ConferenceThe Manhattan Project Hiroshima Nagasaki The Allies Triumphant

II. Key Questions

In what ways did World War II affect ordinary Americans?How did the Allies defeat the Axis Powers in World War II?Was the United States justified in dropping two atomic bombs on Japan?




Postwar Economic Anxieties Taft-Hartley Act GI Bill The Long Economic Boom The Roots of Postwar Prosperity The Smiling SunbeltDr. Benjamin SpockThe Rush to the SuburbsLevittown The Baby Boom Harry TrumanYalta Conference The United States and the Soviet UnionThe United Nations The Problem of GermanyNuremberg Trials George F. Kennan Truman DoctrineMarshall Plan Creation of Israel NATO Reconstruction and Revolution in Asia Robert Oppenheimer HUACAlger Hiss Joseph McCarthy The RosenbergsElection of 1848 Korean WarNSC-68General MacArthur

II. Key Questions

Describe the causes and consequences of America’s postwar economic success. What were the principal causes of the Cold War? Who was to blame for the Cold

War? Why was the Cold War actually called the Cold War? To what extent was it

actually “cold”? Describe the causes and consequences of McCarthyism.




Affluence and its Anxieties Pink Collar JobsBetty Friedan Consumer Culture in the Fifties TV John Kenneth Galbraith Election of 1952 Dwight Eisenhower Korean War Joseph McCarthy Desegregating American Society Emmett Till Gunnar Myrdal Thurgood MarshallRosa Parks Montgomery Bus BoycottSeeds of the Civil Rights Revolution Brown v. Board Little Rock Central High School SCLC“sit in” movementSNCCInterstate Highway Act The Vietnam NightmareHo Chi Minh DienbienphuGeneva AccordsNgo Dinh Diem Cold War Crises in Europe and the Middle East Eisenhower Doctrine Sputnik Cuba’s Castroism Spells Communism Election of 1960John F. Kennedy Arthur MillerRichard Wright James Baldwin J. D. Salinger

II. Key Questions

How successful was Eisenhower in containing communism and protecting American interests abroad?

In 1958 economist John Kenneth Galbraith described the United States in the 1950s as an affluent. To what extent and in what ways was the United States in the 1950s actually an affluent society?

1950s America has sometimes been portrayed as an era of conservatism and conformity. To what extent and in what ways did America in the 1950s actually reflect this portrayal?




Kennedy’s New Frontier Peace CorpsBerlin Wall Stepping into the Vietnam QuagmireBay of Pigs Cuban Missile Crisis Freedom Rides J. Edgar HooverMedgar Evers The Kennedy Assassination Lyndon Johnson Civil Rights Act of 1964War on Poverty 1964 Election The Great Society Medicare Medicaid Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965Head StartVoting Rights Act of 1965WattsMalcolm XBlack Panthers Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. Combating Communism in Two Hemispheres Operation Rolling Thunder Vietnam Vexations Tet Offensive 1968 Election1968 Democratic ConventionRichard NixonThe Cultural Upheaval of the 1960sBeat poetsRebel without a Cause Free Speech Movement Sexual RevolutionStonewall SDS

II. Key Questions

President Kennedy is now perceived by many Americans to be among the greatest of American presidents. Does Kennedy’s record during his presidency warrant such a perception?

Describe President Johnson’s Great Society and its effects upon ordinary Americans.

To what extent was the civil rights movement successful in the 1960s? Historians consider 1968 one of the most important years in the history of

American politics. Why?




Sources of Stagnation Vietnamization Cambodianizing the Vietnam WarDétente Henry Kissinger SALT Earl WarrenMiranda Nixon on the Homefront EPA1972 Election War Powers Act Arab Oil EmbargoOPECWatergateGerald FordDefeat in VietnamFeminist Victories and Defeats Title IXRoe v. WadeERAAlan BakkeJimmy CarterCarter’s Humanitarian Diplomacy Economic and Energy Woes Iranian Hostage Crisis

II. Key Questions

To what extent and in what ways was Nixon’s foreign policy a success? Watergate aside, to what extent and in what ways was Nixon’s domestic policy a

success? To what extent was the women’s movement successful in the 1960s and 1970s?




Election of 1980Ronald Reagan The Reagan Revolution Supply-side economics Reagan Renews the Cold WarStar Wars (SDI)Troubles AbroadIran-Contra Affair Reagan’s Economic Legacy The Religious RightGeorge H. W. Bush The End of the Cold WarMikhail Gorbachev PerestroikaGlasnostPersian Gulf CrisisSaddam Hussein Operation Desert Storm Clarence Thomas

II. Key Questions

Why was Ronald Reagan a much more popular president than Jimmy Carter? Describe the successes and failures of Reagan’s foreign and domestic policies. Describe the causes of the Cold War’s end and explain how the Cold War’s end

influenced American foreign policy To what extent and in what ways was Nixon’s foreign policy a success?




Election of 1992Bill Clinton A False Start for Reform Contract with America Election of 1996NAFTAProblems Abroad Impeachment Clinton’s Legacy Election of 2000 Bush Begins September 11, 2001 Patriot ActWar in Iraq A Country in Conflict Election of 2004

II. Key Questions

President Clinton was often criticized by Democrats for abandoning the party’s agenda. Was this criticism warranted?

Describe the foreign policy struggles and successes that Bill Clinton faced during his second term in office.

Describe the potential problems that the United States may face as it enters the 21st century.




Economic RevolutionsAffluence and Inequality The Feminist Revolution New Families and Old The Aging of America The New Immigration Beyond the Melting PotCities and Suburbs Minority America Toni Morrison Jackson Pollock Andy Warhol The American Environment

II. Key Question

Describe the potential problems that the United States may face as it enters the 21st century.


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