ap art history test 4 term 2

AP Art History Test

Test 4

Henry IV Receiving the Portrait of Marie de’ Medici

• C. 1621• Peter Paul Rubens• Part of Antwep painters’ guild• Worked in the court of the duke of Mantua• He studied Caravaggio and Carracci• He returned to Antwerp and was employed

by Habsburgs • Had powerful, expressive visual language

appropriate for secular rulers and for Catholic Church

• Royal patrons: Philip IV, Marie de’ Medici, Charles I

• Depicts royal engagement• Henri IV falls in love immediately with her

portrait• Cupid and Hymen, and Jupiter and Juno

shown• Personification: abandon war for love• Great energy, highpoint of drama• Shows power of french monarchy• Took Titian’s color and form to new level

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Garden of Love• 1630• Rubens• Continues fete tradition• Fantasy level of love and reality• Venus shown• Subtle playfulness• He paints lots of religious scenes

and fleshy nudes



Portrait of Charles I Hunting• 1635• Anthony Van Dyck• Collaborated with Rubens• Worked as portraitist• Had his own studio and students• Member of Antwerp’s Guild of St.

Luke• Elegant and artistic refinement• Became court painter to Charles I• He became a knight• Provides sympathetic record of

royal family’s features• He portrayed the king truthfully yet

as an imposing figure• Charles is shown as the tallest

figure• The horse and branches bow

toward him• Great foreshortening• Diagonal composition• Embodies informal royal

portraiture



Mary Magdalen• 1640• Georges De La Tour• Follower of Carravaggio• Court painter to Louis XIII• Used simplified settings and a light

source w/ in picture - so intense that it seems to be his real subject

• The hand and skull establish the foreground plane

• Sense of intimacy• Light is the unifying element• Mary meditates on the frailty and

vanity of human life• Skull = reminds her of passing life



The Rape of the Sabine Women• 1636• Nicholas Poussin• Romulus shown standing to the

left• Not so much emphasizing drama• Based on the Abduction of the

Sabine Women by Bernini• Cool philosophical art - requires

higher knowledge• More literary rather than real



Et in Arcadia Ego• 1637• Poussin• Classical landscape• Arcadia = ideal world• Woman = not real but time

consoling figures• We will all eventually die• Geometric and crisp landscape• Classical narrative



Embarkation of the Queen of Sheba• 1648• Claude Lorrain• She perfected the idea of

“classical” landscape• Organized natural elements and

figures into idealized compositions• He was intrigued by light• Great visual interest• Meticulous one-point perspective

on the sun• Painted in a zig-zag fashion• Explores lost golden age• Queen of Sheba leads court in

Ethiopia• Unusual subject• Classical drama



Louis XIV• C. 1701• Hyacinthe Rigaud• He was a favorite of the king• Represents the height of royal

propaganda• = sun King• Far removed from the classical

and Caravaggesque influences at work during his time

• This work was ordered by Louis XIV as a gift for his grandson, Philip V

• Idealizes less attractive characteristics



East Front of the Louvre• 1670• Claude Perrault• Long and horizontally massed• Thundering power• Was a medieval castle in Paris



Palais of Versailles• 1668-85• Louis Le Vau and Jules Hardouin-

Mansart• Louis XIV began the enlarging project• The new building was built around the

pre-existing• Consisted of 2 phases• What Le Vau did, and what his

predecessor, Mansart did• Mansart added long lateral wings• 3 story elevation• Enormous arched windows separated by

Ionic pilasters• Sensitive balance of horizontals and

verticals • Great symmetry



Hall of Mirrors• 1678• Mansart and Charles Le Brun• Enclosed gallery on main level• Architectural symmetry achieved by Venetian glass mirrors• The mirrors reflect the natural light and give the impression of an even larger space• The vaulted ceiling recalls Carracci’s work• Le Brun painted the ceiling - decorated with Louis XIV’s military triumphs• Ultimate design and theme of palace: the glorification of the king as Apollo the Sun

God with whom Louis identified



Versailles Gardens• 1661-1785• Andre Le Norte• Imposed order using broad

straight avenues radiating from focal points

• Baroque in their vast size and extension

• Classically harmonious



Church of the Invalides• 1680-91• Jules Hardouin Mansart• Built by Louis XIV as a hospital for

VA’s• Completely baroque



Officers of the Haarlem Militia Company of St. Adrian

• 1627• Frans Hals• Doesn’t line people up statically• Creates new lively narrative• Militia who fights against Spanish troops• Social organization• Lively, engaging• Love of realism• Inspired by Caravaggio• Tried to recreate optical effects of light• Bold painter• Strong underlying geometry• Perpendicular lines• Fast strokes



Catharina Hooft and Her Nurse• 1620• Frans Hals• Captured vitality of a gesture and

fleeting moment of time• Intimate individual portrait



Self Portrait• 1635• Judith Leyster• Competitor of Hals• Influenced by Caravaggio• Adopted Italian naturalism• Theatrically presented everyday

themes• Entered Haarlem’s Guild of St.

Luke• Known for genre scenes• Painted symbols of her success as

an artist• Her subject may be a visual pun• Narrow range of colors• Display piece



The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp• 1632• Rembrandt• Worked in Amsterdam• His work reflected his study of science

and nature and Italian Ren. Art• Combination of scientific and

humanistic interests• Group portrait takes on dramatic

interest• Dr. Tulp = head of surgeon’s guild• Composition built on diagonals• Makes use of Caravaggio’s tenebrist

effect



The Night Watch• 1642• Rembrandt• This work was for the meeting hall

of a wealthy civic-guard company• Carries idea of group portrait

drama even further• Company forms a parade in

Amsterdam’s streets



ap art history test 4 term 2

Documents

portrait of charles

jules hardouinmansart

natural light

portrait of marie

love great energy

garden of love

idea of classical landscape

new level