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Aon Risk ServicesGlobal Risk Consulting | Risk Control & Engineering

Risk Alert Roof mounted photovoltaic panels (solar panels)

The issueRoof mounted photovoltaic panels (PV panels) are becoming increasingly popular, however, there are fire-related risks associated with these, many of which would relate to most electrical systems.

Some panels have components made of plastics which are likely to be combustible. Electrical faults may result in arcing, which in DC current situations can produce high temperatures. There is no evidence to indicate PV panels are more prone to faults than any other electrical system. BRE (Building Research Establishment) Global report that in the last two years only eight fire incidents involving PV panels have been reported in the UK. However, there have been fires in PV panels reported in other countries.

There is a safety risk to fire-fighters as PV panels cannot be individually isolated and generate current whenever exposed to light. The heat from a roof fire will be contained by the PV panels, increasing the intensity the fire, particularly if there are combustible elements to the construction of the roof. The weight of the panels may also lead to early collapse of the roof structure in a fire situation.

Key actionsFor planned installations, it should be ensured that the PV panels are installed to recognised standards, particularly BS7671: Requirements for Electrical Installations; IEC61215; IEC61730 or IEC61646 (The International Electro Technical Commission).

For smaller installations, ensure the installer is Microgeneration Certification Scheme accredited. This scheme is primarily for installers of smaller systems, up to 50kW DC output, equivalent to a roof area of 375m2.

There is a trade association - British Photovoltaic Association - which installers may be members of, although this body does not produce standards. At the present time there are no accreditation schemes for large PV systems.

The installation of a PV system may be regarded by insurers as a “material fact” which could affect the validity of property insurance cover. If intending to install a roof-mounted PV system Aon can help advise insurers appropriately.

Ensure the roof has been assessed to take the weight of the PV installation, and snow loading should also be taken into account by the installers. Lightning protection and surge protection should be considered for PV systems. Clear labelling is particularly important to identify isolators and warn of live parts.

MaintenanceIt is important to follow the manufacturer’s/installer’s recommendations. The PV installation should be tested as any electrical wiring circuit in accordance with the IEE Wiring Regulations. Additionally, thermographic imaging inspections should be conducted annually.

The installation should also be inspected visually for damage, corrosion or deterioration annually, or after high winds.

Build-up of debris, such as leaves, can increase the risk of fire, and should be cleared frequently.

Site personnel should be trained in how the system works and how to isolate it from the AC electrical system.

Full information on the PV system should be available for site personnel and also provided to the local Fire & Rescue Service. Site emergency plans should include relevant information pertaining to the PV system.

Paul Lappage Senior Consultant Aon Risk Solutions Global Risk Consulting +44 (0)7703 316810 paul.lappage@aon.co.uk

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