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JTMD Task Force Meeting - 14 Nov 2013 How much and what biological risk? John Chapman Dept. Fisheries & Wildlife, HMSC Oregon State University [email protected] Acknowledgements: Amy Chapman, Jessica Miller, Jim Carlton, Toshio Furota, Ralph Breitenstein, Gayle Hansen, Terry Thompson, Leslie Harris, Michio Otani, Masanori Taru and many, many others “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop 1 February 2014

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Page 1: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

JTMD Task Force Meeting - 14 Nov 2013

How much and what biological risk?

John Chapman Dept. Fisheries & Wildlife, HMSC

Oregon State University [email protected]

Acknowledgements: Amy Chapman, Jessica Miller, Jim Carlton, Toshio Furota,

Ralph Breitenstein, Gayle Hansen, Terry Thompson, Leslie Harris, Michio Otani, Masanori Taru

and many, many others

“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away.

NOAA Marine Debris Workshop 1 February 2014

mailto:[email protected]
Page 2: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

5 June 2012 – 451 days later: widespread notice of . . . “the float” that we call

Misawa 1

Page 3: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

BIOFOULING SPECIES On Tsunami-Generated Debris from the Japanese Earthquake and Tsunami

Native gooseneck barnacles Length from <1” to >24”

NOT an invasive species & common on marine debris

Examples of organisms not typically on marine debris that could be non-native and invasive

Examples of debris with potentially invasive species

Japanese Kelp Undaria

pinnatifida

Japanese Barnacle Megabalanus rosa

Mussel Mytilus Japanese Oyster

Crassostrea gigas

Newly settled Lepas

Page 4: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

> 120 pilgrims on Misawa 1 Oct 2013 count > 165 species

Page 5: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

Misawa 1 sides were cleaned and buried or burned on 7 June

2012

About 60% got away

Page 6: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

4 Misawa floats were carried away

Epicenter

http://earth.nullschool.net/
Page 7: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

General circulation in northern Pacific

Page 8: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

Ryou-Un Maru Sunk in Gulf of Alaska on 6 April 2012, 392 days after the

Japanese tsunami

Page 9: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html

Misawa 2: Hawaii 17 Sept 2012 (18 months, 556 days)

http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
http://www.katu.com/news/local/Hoax-or-real-Could-this-be-more-tsunami-debris-162620346.html
Page 10: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

9/17/12 30 miles off Maui

9/19/12 15 miles off Molokai

9/21/12 location?

~ 42 km-d

Page 11: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

4 concrete floats of the Misawa Fishing Port were carried away

Page 12: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

4 concrete floats of the Misawa Fishing Port were carried away

Page 13: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

Misawa 3 – 644 days later

~ 60 Asian species > 90%

lost

Page 14: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

Misawa 1, Pacific City, OR ~ day 537, June 2012

Additional species are discovered on new debris . . . Which continues to arrive.

Clatsop Beach, 9 Oct 2013 . . . 943 Days

Long Beach,

WA . . . 733

Days

North Pacific around 600 days

Page 15: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop
Page 16: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

Buoyancy is assumed to be an important determinant of drift rate

Low High

Page 17: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

Direct North Pacific JTMD transits are probably rare. Predicted debris dispersal (image courtesy of NOAA)

http://blogs.oregonstate.edu/breakingwaves/?cat=1702

See the real world:

See the actual wind patterns? : http://earth.nullschool.net/#current/wind/surface/level/overlay=temp/orthographic=179.52,33.92,405

http://earth.nullschool.net/
Page 18: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

Types of JTMD Species Species

NotKnowntoOccuronEastPacificCoast

SpeciesAlreadyKnowntoOccur

onthePacificCoast

SpeciesPelagic NotYetIdentified

TotalEstimatedNumberof

AnimalSpecies

Asof

October2012

27(37.5%)

22(30.5%)

3(4%)

20(28%)

72

Atleast11

knowninvasivespecies

Acrocirrussp.

Amphitritesp.Anomiachinensis

Arcanavicularis

CaprellacristibrachiumChrysopetalidaespecies

Dynoidessp.Hemigrapsussanguineus

Hydroidesezoensis

Lepidonotussp.Lottiasp.

Megabalanusrosa

MitrellamoleculinaMopaliaseta

Musculuscupreus

Nereiphyllasp.Nipponacmaehabei

Polydorasp.

SertularellamutsuensisSyllisspp.(n=5)

Temnotremasculptum

Terebellasp.Trypanosylliszebra?

Ampithoe"valida"

Arabellasemimaculata?Asteriasamurensis

Caprellamutica

CibicideslobatulusCrassostreagigas

CryptosulapallasianaEulaliaquadrioculata

Gromia"oviformis"

HalosydnabrevisetosaHarmothoeimbricata

Hiatellaarctica

JassamarmorataMytilusgalloprovincialis

Nereispelagica

OedignathusinermisParastenheliaspinosaSemibalanuscariosus

Syllis"elongata"-complexTricellariasp.

Watersiporasubtorquata

Zeuxonormani

Pteropoda

LepasantiferaConchodermaauritum

Dr. James Carlton, Williams College

Page 19: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

http://www.hawaii.edu/hsrc/home/aqphoto.htm

Telmatogeton?

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Cohort 1 Cohort 2

Cohort 3 All

Page 20: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

{

JTMD is the

experimental invasion

Ocean Sprawl Increases Substrate for Polyps

-Duarte et al. (2012) Front. Ecol. Envir.

Page 21: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

WA-OR debris (from 1.5 m JTMD tonnes) One object ~ 100 m * ~ 430 miles * Average wt ~ 80 kg (S. D. + 90 kg)

= ~ 1,000 tonnes WA - OR fraction 1.5 mt JTMD ~ 0.07% ~ 1 / 1,400 th

Measuring JTMD biodiversity, dimensions, density, turnover should be part of the emergency cleanup and response!

JTMD is more than marine debris Little of the floating JTMD has arrived . . . . . YET

Page 22: “Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris How much and what ......“Perhaps” 5,000,000 tons of debris washed into the Pacific, and perhaps 30% floated away. NOAA Marine Debris Workshop

Drs Toshio Furota, myself and Hiroaki Toshuji

Thanks! ありがとう

Who you gonna call?

NOAA MDCH OSU Jessica Miller (Report Form) Oregon Marine Debris Team Sheanna Steingass Blog

http://clearinghouse.marinedebris.noaa.gov/
http://blogs.oregonstate.edu/floatingdock/
http://omdt.org/
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