1

“Learning from

the past, energizing

the present, and

engineering a

sustainable techno-

logical future.”

Univers ity of Hawai ‘ i at Manoa

C o l l e g e o f e n g i n e e r i n gC e n t e n n i a l H i s to r y 1 9 0 8 l 2 0 0 8

2

Contents

3 Foreword

4 Messages

8 HistoryoftheCollege

24 ACenturyofLeadership

30 OnTheJob

33 ADiverseStudentBody

35 OurFuture

40 HawaiianLanguageGlossary

3

foreword

theCollegeofEngineeringiscelebratingitscentennialandisveryproudofitsonehundredyearhistoryattheUniversityofHawai‘i,thatstartedwiththirteenfacultyandfiveregularstudents,fourofwhomwere

engineeringmajors.Fromsuchanauspiciousbeginning,over9,000menandwomenhaveearnedengineeringdegreesoverthelast100years.

Thisisanexcitingandimportanttimefortheengineeringprofession.Almosteverythingwedoandtouchtodayhasbeendesignedandbuiltthroughtheactionsandoversightofengineers.Andthechallengesfacingengineerstoday,whenmet,canhelptheplanetthriveinamuchmoresustainablefashion.AcommitteeformedbytheNationalAcademyofEngineeringhasjustissuedfourteenGrandChallengesforEngineering,includingmakingsolarenergyaffordable,providingaccesstocleanwater,engineeringbettermedicinesandsecuringcyberspace.

Excellence…distinction…diversity…opportunities…capacity…growth…theseareallattributesthatdriveandinspiretheCollegeofEngineering,andallofwhichserveascriticalcomponentsindevelopingandenhancingtheCollege’svisionofbecomingrecognizedwithinthePacificRimfordistinctiveteaching,researchandservicesurroundingtheneedsofsocietiesinoceanandislandcommunities.

Withgrowinginterestandsupportfromouralumni,thecommunityinHawai‘i,andgrowingsupportontheUSmainlandandAsia,thisisanexcitingtimefortheCollegeofEngineering.Newfaculty,stimulatingresearch,expandedoutreach,andahostofinnovativeinitiativeswillusherinthenextcenturyofengineeringattheUniversityofHawai‘i.WeinviteyoutolearnabouttheCollege’shistory,andtojoinwiththeCollege’sfaculty,staffandstudentsastheycreatewhatwillbeanamazingfuture.

3

4

governor’s & lt. governor’s Message

Message from Governor Linda Lingle and

Lt. Governor James R.“Duke” Aiona, Jr. presented to the

UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MANOA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

1908 - 2008

On behalf of the people of Hawai‘i, we send greetings of aloha and offer our congratulations to University of Hawai‘i (UH) at M noa’s College of Engineering as it celebrates 100 years of excellence.

For the past 100 years, the UH College of Engineering has prepared our best and brightest students for

successful careers. With a proud history of forward-looking leadership, community involvement, and rigorous training, the college and its graduates have played a direct role in the development of our islands’ infrastructure, the diversification of our economy, and in improving the quality of life for all the people of Hawai‘i.

Today, the UH College of Engineering continues to build a strong and local workforce of engineers while

also serving as a partner in the state’s Hawai‘i Innovation Initiative and assisting our efforts to provide pre-college students with world-class analytical and problem-solving skills developed through science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) education. STEM-based careers are important to Hawai‘i’s future as we strive to transform our economy to one based on the infinite talent and intellectual capacity of our people. As the main driver behind developing FIRST (Fostering Inspiration and Relevance through Science and Technology) academies for students in grades four through eight and an active supporter of the FIRST Robotics programs in our high schools, the UH College of Engineering has been, and will continue to be, a major contributor to this strategic direction for Hawai‘i. We are very appreciative of the support the Hawai‘i Innovation Initiative has received from UH College of Engineering students, faculty, staff and leaders, including Dean and Assistant Dean, Drs. Peter Crouch and Song Choi. As you reflect proudly on the achievements and contributions that have been made by the college and its people over the past 100 years, we send best wishes to the UH College of Engineering on the occasion of this milestone anniversary, and look forward to your next 100 years. Aloha, _______________________________ _______________________________ Linda Lingle James R. “Duke” Aiona, Jr. Governor, State of Hawai‘i Lieutenant Governor, State of Hawai‘i

5

Mayor’s Message

6

UH President’s Message

OnbehalfoftheUniversityofHawai‘iSystem,IcongratulatetheUniversityofHawai’iatManoaCollegeofEngineeringonthecelebrationofitscentennialanniversary.

FromitsmodestbeginningsastheCollegeofAgricultureandMechanicArtsoftheTerritoryinHawai‘iin1908,theCollegeofEngineeringisnowthehomeoftheHawai‘iCenterforAdvancedCommunicationsandtheHawai’iSpaceFlightLaboratory(acollaborativeprogramwiththeSchoolofOceanandEarthScienceandTechnology).

FundedbytheNationalScienceFoundation,theNativeHawaiianScienceandEngineeringMentorshipProgramgraduateditsfirstclasslastyear.

Asanintegralcomponentofaland-grantuniversity,theCollegeofEngineeringpridesitselfinvigorousresearchanddevelopmentandcollaborativepartnershipswithgovernmentalagenciesandlocalandnationalindustries.

Incelebratingitsfirst100yearsofengineering,theCollegeofEngineeringisonthethresholdofbecominganationallycompetitiveengineeringacademyfocusedontrainingtomorrow’sengineersandcorporateleadersdedicatedtoinnovativecapabilitiestobesuccessfulinasustainedglobaleconomy.

CongratulationstoDeanPeterCrouchandthefaculty,staff,students,andalumnioftheCollegeofEngineeringontheiraccomplishmentsduringthelast100years!

AsIlooktothefuture,IenvisionthattheCollegeofEngineeringwillcontinuetobeamajorcontributorintacklingthepressingchallengesofthe21stcentury—theenvironment,energy,homelandsecurity,andhealthcare.

WithbestwishesandAloha,

David McClain PresidentUniversityofHawai‘i

7

UHM Chancellor’s Message

aloha!ThisisaspecialmomentinthehistoryoftheUniversityofHawai‘iatManoa.Wemarktheinstitution’scentennialasatimewhenwecanremindourselvesandothersabouthowimpactingthisuniversityisonpeople’slivesinHawai‘iandthroughouttheworld.

Fromtheuniversity’searliestdays,theCollegeofEngineeringhasbeenatthecoreofouracademicandresearchsuccesses–afoundingmemberofwhathasbecomethepremierAmericanuniversityintheAsia-Pacificregion.

Asyoureviewtheillustrioushistoryandsignificantaccomplishmentsofourdistinguishedfaculty,alumniandstudentsascompiledinthiscentennialpublication,youwillberemindedthattheCollegecontributesgreatvaluetooursocietyinsomanyways.Weshouldallbeveryproudofthoseaccomplishments.

Whilethereismuchtocelebratebecauseofalltheuniversityhasaccomplishedinitsfirstcenturyofexcellence,clearlywealsohaveaspirationstocreateadynamicsecondcenturyofgreatness.Thebeginningofthisnewcenturytrulyis“Manoa’sMoment”andworkingtogetherwewillbesuccessfulinrealizingouraspirationsforgreatness.MahaloforbeingmembersofourManoa‘ohana.

WithwarmAloha,

Virginia S. HinshawChancellorUniversityofHawai‘iatManoa

8

History of the College of engineering

1908–2008

In2008theCollegeofEngineering,UniversityofHawai‘iatManoa,celebratesitscentennial.Whenclassesbeganin1908,therewasoneengineeringprofessor;todaythereare54.SincetheCollegeissueditsfirstengineeringdiplomain1912,over9,000engineeringmajorshavegraduated.ItisanappropriatetimetolookbackontheeventsanddevelopmentsthathaveshapedtheCollege,tohonorkeyindividuals,andtoconsidertheroleofengineersinthehigh-techworldweinhabittoday.

Engineeringinstructionfirstbeganin1908undertheauspicesofthenewly-charteredlandgrantCollegeofAgricultureandMechanicArtsoftheTerritoryofHawai‘i,latertobecomefirsttheCollegeandthentheUniversityofHawai‘i.TolaunchthenewCollege,thenewly-appointedpresident,JohnGilmore,recruitedthefaculty,manyofthemfromCornellUniversity,aNewYorkland-grantinstitution.Thefacultynumberedthirteen,afactofsomeamusementinthecommunitysincethefirstfacultyoutnumberedthefirstfiveregularstudents.Itwassoonevidentthattheengineeringprogramprovedmoreattractivethanagriculturalstudiessincethesonsofimmigrantworkerswerelookingforawayoutofplantationliferatherthanareturntothathardlife.ClassesbeganonYoungStreetnearThomasSquareinquartersthathadoncebeentheChineseConsulate,butin1912movedtothenewcampusinManoaValley.

John Mason young, father of engineering education in Hawai‘i AmongtheinitialthirteenfacultywasJohnMasonYoung,thenewschool’sonlyengineer.YoungwasthesonofaTennesseePresbyterianminister.Thefamily’sfinancesweremodestsoYoungworkedasamechanistandasaphosphatemineadministratoruntilheearnedenoughmoneytoattendcollege.HegraduatedfromCornellwithamechanicalengineeringdegree.RecruitedforHawai‘i’snewCollegeofAgricultureandMechanicArts,Youngtaughtapproximatelyhalfofalltheengineeringcourses.HeservedasdeanoftheCollegebeforeapresidentwasappointedandasactingpresidentduringtheabsencesofthepresident.By1909YounghadcompletedaplanforthenewcollegeinManoa.Academicstodayspeakof“visionstatements.”Young’splanforthenewcollegewasindeedvisionaryandincludedprovisionsforfutureschoolsoflaw,medicine,veterinaryscience,

Thomas Square facilities

John Mason Young

9

andarchitecture.TherewasevenanobservatoryplannedtobesituatedonWa‘ahilaRidgeabovetheCollege.Facilities,exceptfortheobservatory,werearrangedinaquadrangulardesign,stronglyresemblingCornellwhereYounghadstudiedandtaught.Inanerawhenalinebetween“engineer”and“architect”wasnotsoclearlydrawn,YoungwasinstrumentalintheplanningoftheCollege’sfirstbuilding,Hawai‘iHall,andhedesignedandsupervisedtheconstructionofotherearlybuildingsoftheUniversity:Miller,Dean,andCrawfordHalls.Young’scampusstructureswereallintheneo-classicalmodeofarchitecture.Afterthat,alleffortstomaintainaunifiedcampusarchitecturalstylewereabandonedtothewinds.

Inadditiontohisteachingduties,YoungjoinedthePacificEngineeringCompanyaschiefengineer.Young’sendeavorsintheprivatesectorledtowhatwereprobablytheUniversity’sfirstconflictofinterestcases.CollegepresidentGilmorerecommendedthatYoungbefiredbecausehewasspendingtoomuchtimeawayfromhisteachingduties,butYoungwastooutlastGilmoreandcontinuedtoteachstructuralengineeringattheCollege,andlatertheUniversity,foroverthirtyyears.

OneofYoung’scontributionstothecityofHonoluluwastheintroductionofreinforcedconcretepowerpolesimpervioustotermitedamage,wood-rot,andheavywinds.NotableJohnMasonYoungbuildingsinHonoluluincludetheHawai‘iTheater,TheoH.Daviesbuilding,thecentralYMCA,theYoungHotelannex,McInerny,theScottishRiteCathedral,andtheHawaiianPineappleandLibby-McNeill-Libbycanneries.

yong fook tong, Hawai‘i’s first engineering graduateShortlyafterthemovetothenewcampus,theCollegehelditsfirstgraduationceremony.Unfortunatelynoneoftheoriginalfivestudentsmanagedtograduate.Otherstudentshadreplacedtheoriginalfive,andamongthesewasYongFookTong,theCollege’sfirstengineeringgraduate.TongwaslistedonCollegerollsasaresidentofMaunawai,O‘ahu,acoastalareaofWaimeaBay.YongFookTongleftHawai‘iandisknowntohavebeenemployedasan“officeengineer”attheArmstrongBrothersinNewYorkCityuntilaround1920.Sometimeafter1920,YongFookTongmovedtoChinaandby1928wasemployedaschiefengineeroftheChinaUnitedEngineeringCorporationinShanghai,anagentoftheTrusconSteelCompanyofYoungstown,Ohio.

tiMeline 1 9 0 7

College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts of the Territory of Hawai‘i opens in temporary quarters near Thomas Square.

1 9 1 1

College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts becomes College of Hawai‘i and moves to Manoa campus.

1 9 1 2

First degree in engineering awarded in ceremonies for first graduating class, College of Hawai‘i.

Hawai‘i Hall, the University’s first building

Yong Fook Tong

10

the Keller eraThelegendaryArthurR.KellerjoinedtheCollegein1909asaprofessorofcivilengineering,andalongwithJohnMasonYoung,wasthemainstayoftheengineeringfacultyuntiltheendoftheWorldWarIIdays.OneofKeller’sfirstachievementswastheplanningandexecutionofapavedroad,thebeginningofwhatwastobecomeCampusRoad.Totestthedurabilityofvariousroadmaterials,Kellerandhisstudentsdesignedtheroadinsections,thefirstofplainconcrete,thesecondofreinforcedconcrete,thethirdofWarrenite,andthelastofcrushedconcrete.Kelleralsoconcoctedadrainagesystemforthegrounds,atthattimeamarshy,overgrowntangleofkiaweandweeds.

a student reflects on His Courses, 1917Inthebeginning,coursesinmechanical,electrical,andcivilengineeringwereoffered,anambitiousprogramforafacultyoftwoprofessors.In1916astudent,LeslieHicks,recordedhisimpressionsofcoursesfortheschool’sannualPalapala,leavingafirsthandpersonalrecordofengineeringeducationinitsearlydays:

Inthefirstyear,helearnsmechanicaldrawingandcarpentering.Inthedrawingroomhebeginswithsimpleexercisestolearntheuseofdrawinginstrumentsandtomakelegiblelettering.Bytheendoftheyearheismakingdrawingsofsmallpiecesofmachinery.Inthewood-shophelearnstheuseofcarpenters’tools,electricallydrivensaws,planes,etc.,andmostimportantofall,helearnsthevalueofcarefulandaccuratework.

Bythesecondyearthestudentfindshispracticalworkinthefoundry,inforgingandsurveying.Ifhehassurvivedthefirstyearwithsoftwhitehands,hesoonlosestheminfoundrypractice.Heisgivenablacksmith’sforge,anvil,hammersandothertoolsandshownhowtousethem.Bytheendofthefirstsemester,ifheisnothopeless,hehaslearnedhowtoweldironandtempersteel.Inthesecondsemesterhestudiesmethodsofforgingatfirsthandintheverysmokeandflareofmoltenmetalandtheroarofsteamhammersandriveters.Inthesurveyingclassheappearsinoldclothes,andarmedwiththeinstrumentsoftheprofessionhesalliesforth.

tiMeline 1 9 1 5

Engineering Materials Testing Laboratory, the second oldest building on campus (after Hawai‘i Hall) erected.

1 9 1 6

Engineering Professor Arthur Keller and his students oversee construction of the first paved road on campus.

1 9 1 8

Mechanical and electrical engineering courses discontinued and only civil engineering courses offered.

Arthur R. Keller

Leslie Hicks

11

Inthethirdyearnowhehasarrivedattheveryfundamentalofallstructuralengineering.Inthematerialslaboratoryheputsthroughpracticaltestsofallmaterialsofinteresttoengineers:iron,steel,sand,cement,rock,brick,wood,andthefuel,lubricatingandroadoils.Helearnstousetheelectricalapparatus,calculatinginstrumentsandvariouspowerrecordingapparatus.Onthebasisofknowledgegainedinthelaboratory,hewritesanotebookofsomefourhundredpages,avaluablereferencebookinafteryears.Inchemistryforengineers,hydraulics,railroadsurveying,andtopographicalsurveying,thestudentfindsworkofpracticalapplicationandabsorbinginterest.

Inthefourthyearcomesthemostinterestingresearchesinbacteriology,electricalmeasurements,materials,municipalengineering,steammachinery,bridgedesign,structuraldesign,contracts,andspecifications.

(LESLIEHICKS,PALAPALA,1916)

LeslieHicks,latertobecomeoneofHawai‘i’smostprominentelectricalengineers,wasoneofthelastengineeringstudentsattheCollegetoworkintheforgeandmachineshops.WhenJohnMcTaggart,theshopinstructor,diedin1908,therequirementofshopworkwasdropped.Itwasalsodecidedthattheexpenseofequippingthemechanicalandelectricalengineeringfacilitieswasnotwarrantedbythelimiteddemand,andthereafterengineeringofferingsweremorerealisticallyreducedtocoursesincivilengineeringonly.

engineering Materials testing laboratory and the engineering QuadHawai‘iHall,theCollege’sfirstbuilding,wascompletedin1912.TohouseengineeringlaboratoryequipmentthatcouldnotbeaccommodatedinHawai‘iHall,in1915theEngineeringMaterialsTestingLaboratory,thecollege’ssecondpermanentbuilding,waserected.Builtatacostof$8,146,itstillstandsandisinusetodayforpublicationpurposes.ItprobablyrepresentstheTerritory’sbestbargaininpublicbuildings.

TheprideoftheengineeringfacultywastheReihleUniversalTestingMachine,a150,000poundmachinepurchasedsecond-hand.Itservedtodemonstratetostudentsthebehaviorofmaterialsunderstressbutalsoservedthecommunity,andwasusedfortestingconcreteconstructionwork

1 9 2 0

College of Hawai‘i becomes University of Hawai‘i and engineering becomes a department of the newly

organized College of Applied Science with Arthur Keller named head of the latter.

1 9 2 8

Engineering Quadrangle completed, four one-story concrete buildings surrounding

the Engineering Materials Testing laboratory.

Engineering Materials Testing Laboratory

12

atthePearlHarbordrydock.Theruggedmachinesurvivedmanymishaps,butservedforsixtyyearsuntilin1969itwastransferredtoHonoluluCommunityCollege.

TheEngineeringQuadrangle,acomplexoffourrectangularsingle-storystructures,wasbuiltbetween1915and1928.Ithousedclassroomsandstoragefortheengineeringdepartment.ArthurKellerdesignedthedurablestructures,fourofwhichstillremaininuse.In1965thecomplexwasofficiallynamedforJohnMasonYoung.AplaquemountedonamossrockoriginallylocatedwithintheQuadrangle,butnowsituatedinthecourtyardofengineering’spresentquarters,bearstheinsignia:“DedicatedtothememoryofJohnMasonYoung,1908–1940.”

the College of Hawai‘i Becomes a UniversityWithWorldWarIhasteningchange,WilliamKwaiFongYap,aHonolulubankofficial,ledamovementin1920whichsucceededinchangingtheprovinciallandgrantcollegeintoauniversitywithtwocolleges:ArtsandSciences,andAppliedSciences.EngineeringstudieswereplacedwithintheCollegeofAppliedScience,alongwithhomeeconomics,agriculture,andsugartechnology.Engineeringenrollmentsweresparse,andbythestartofWorldWarI,onlysevenengineeringstudentshadgraduated.

Bythe1930sthereweresixengineersonthefaculty.JohnMasonYoungtaughtstructuraldesignonapart-timebasis.ErnestWebsterwasdeanofstudentpersonnelfortheuniversityandalsotaughtengineeringmathematicsandsurveying.CarlB.Andrews,chairoftheengineeringdepartment,carriedafullloadofcourses.RussellBrinker,ayounginstructor,taughtmechanicaldrawing,surveying,andmathematics.WilfredJ.Holmes,ajack-of-all-tradesinstructor,joinedtheengineeringfacultyin1936andtaughtphysics,electricalengineering,mechanicalengineering,civilengineering,andmathematics.ArthurKellercarriedonhisteachingassignments,butalsowasavicepresidentoftheUniversityaswellasdeanoftheCollegeofAppliedScience.AlvinHoy,amathematician,taughtcalculuscoursestoengineeringstudentsandWillardEllerofthephysicsdepartment,taughtelectricalengineeringcourses.

Engineeringclassesbetweenthetwoworldwarsremainedsmall,andonlyaboutsevenengineersayearweregraduatedinthisperiod.

tiMeline 1 9 3 6

Fourteen engineering degrees awarded.

1 9 4 0 – 4 1

One hundred engineering students enrolled.

1 9 4 7

Wilfred Holmes becomes second dean of the College of Applied Science.

13

War years BythetimebombsfellonPearlHarborengineeringenrollmentswereuptoaround100students.Universityclassesweresuspendedforabouttwomonths,andwhentheyresumed,KellerwasappointedasactingpresidentoftheUniversity,inadditiontohisteachingduties.Halfthestudentbodyandalargeshareofthefacultyweredrainedoffbythewareffort.Twoyearsearlier,theforesightedKellerhadinitiatedaprogramofeveningclassesinnavalarchitecture,taughtbyPearlHarbornavalarchitectstoseniorengineeringstudentsandrecentgraduates.ThedesignsectionofPearlHarboreagerlyabsorbedthegraduatesofthisprogram,buttheengineeringdepartmentrapidlydeclineduntiltherewereonlytwoengineersontheUniversityfaculty.Kellertaughtasmanyaseightclassesduringthewaryears.Nineengineeringdegreeswereawardedduringthewaryears,butonlyonein1946.

Post War and the enrollment explosion Kellerretiredin1947andWilfredHolmes,whohadreturnedfromwartimenavalservice,becamedeanoftheCollegeofAppliedScience.

GIBillveteransfloodedthecampusafterthewarandspaceproblemsbecamecritical.JosephKunesh,aHonoluluengineer,joinedtheUniversitystaff,firstasuniversityengineerandthen,forfouryears,asdeanoftheCollegeofAppliedScience.Inaboldmovetodealwiththespacecrunch,heacquiredanentirearmysurplusfieldhospitalfortheUniversityandtransportedaboutninetywoodenbarrackstothecampus,convertingthemtoclassrooms,offices,andevenlivingquarters.AlthoughuniversitypresidentGreggSinclairwasappalledwiththeaestheticsofthenew“temporary”buildings,theyservedthepurpose.Someofthesesurviveoncampustoday.

Mae nakatani, first female engineering graduateMaeNakataniearnedaplaceinuniversityhistorybybecomingthefirstwomantograduatewithadegreeinengineering.BothNakatani’suncleandfather,shesaid,wereinterestedinengineering,andthisencouragedherowninterest.Nakatanirecalledthatwhensheattemptedtoregister,shewasadvisedtogointoanotherfield.Shepersistedandgraduatedin1950

Agricultural studies leaves College of Applied Science to become a separate College of Agriculture.

1 9 5 0

Mae Nakatani becomes the first woman to graduate with a degree in engineering.

1 9 5 3

Hawaiian Electric and Westing-house Electric companies give University the equipment for a heat power laboratory, enabling

the University to offer courses in general engineering in addition to civil engineering.

1924: 1st engineering society (Palapala)

14

astheonlywomaninaclassof53.Soonaftergraduation,shemarriedanengineeringclassmate,RikioNishioka.Shewentontoasuccessfulcareerasanengineer.ShewasemployedintheHighwayPlanningDepartmentoftheTerritory,laterjoinedtheHawai‘iIrrigationAuthority,andthenthePublicWorksdepartmentoftheDepartmentofTransportation.ShewasaFacilitiesPlanningofficerattheUniversityofHawai‘iandaheadofthatunituntilherretirementin1983.Despiteherinitialreceptionwhenshefirstregisteredforclasses,shedidnotexperiencediscriminationinherprofessionalactivities.

Recordsettingseemstoruninherfamily.HermotherwasthefirstAmericanJapanesetograduatefromQueen’sHospitalSchoolofNursingandherdaughterSusanisaHawai‘iSwimmingHallofFameinductee.

a new Home for engineering, Keller Hall In1959,Hawai‘i’sstatehoodyear,KellerHallwaserectedtohousetheengineeringandmathematicsdepartments.NamedinhonorofthemanycontributionsofArthurKeller,KellerHallwasdesignedbyCliffordF.Young.ThebuilderwasEdwinM.Tani,a1949graduateinengineering.Distinguishingthisfour-storyreinforcedconcretestructurearestrikingstainedglasswindows,12feetwideandthreestorieshigh,designedbyartprofessorMurrayTurnbullandhiswifePhyllis.Concerningtheseworkstheartistswrote,“Theprincipalpurposeofthecoloredglasswastoprovideanopeningofspaceandalifeofcolorandlightintheotherwiseenclosedbox-likespacesofthebuilding.Nostoryorsymbolismwasinvolved;thebasicintentionwastoenrichthelightingandcharacterofspaceswhichweretobeprimarilyfunctional.”

AgriculturalstudieshadsplitofffromAppliedSciencein1947tobecomeanewCollegeofAgriculture,leavingAppliedSciencewithcurriculainengineering,nursing,andmedicaltechnology.WhenNursingandMedicalTechnologyleftthebedandboardofAppliedScience,onlyEngineeringwasleft,andin1959theengineeringdepartmentbecametheCollegeofEngineering.WilfredHolmes’titlewasnowdeanoftheCollegeofEngineering.

tiMeline 1 9 5 3

Engineering and mathematics departments separated administratively.

1 9 5 8

Department of Engineering becomes College of Engineering.

1 9 5 9

Keller Hall, a new home for engineering and mathematics activities, completed.

Mae Nakatani Nishioka

Keller Hall

15

Broadening the engineering CurriculumInpost-waryearsengineeringenrollmentsroserapidly,somuchsothatabroadeningofengineeringofferingsbecamedesirable.

In1953HawaiianElectricandtheWestinghouseElectriccompaniesgavetheUniversityequipmentforaheatpowerlaboratory.Itwasthenpossibletoincreaseofferingsinmechanicalengineeringandtoofferadegreeingeneralengineeringinadditiontocivilengineering.Fourteengeneralengineeringdegreeswereawardedin1959.Since1980degreesingeneralengineeringwerenolongerawarded.

WhenKellerHallwasoccupied,spacewasreleasedintheoldengineeringquadrangle,makingroomforelectricalengineeringlaboratories.EmeritusProfessorKazutoshiNajitarecallstheearlydaysoftheelectricalengineeringprogramwhenheandRalphPartridge,startingfrombarewalls,developedalaboratory.NajitacametotheUniversityfromtheSperryCorporation;PartridgewasearlierinvolvedwiththeUSmissiledefenseprogram.Bothwereinterestedinresearch.TheyacquiredNavysurplusmaterialsthatstudentshelpedthemassemble.EachSundayNajitaandPartridgewouldwriteouttheexperimentsfortheweek.UnderthedirectionofRalphPartridgeatfirstandlaterunderPaulYuen,theelectricalengineeringprogramdevelopedrapidly.NajitaandYuencarriedoutsomeground-breakingresearchonionosphericcharacteristics.In1962theEngineers’CouncilforProfessionalDevelopmentaccreditedtheelectricalengineeringcurriculum.Thefirstgroupofelectricalengineersgraduatedin1961.

ElectricalengineerEdwardWeldonwasoneofthefirstprofessorstoencouragetheconceptofentrepreneurshipforfacultymembers.Weldon,anationalleaderincommunications,withtwootherUHfacultymembers,formedtheAdtechcompany.AdtechwasaHawai‘isuccessstory(itwaslaterincorporatedbySpirentCommunications,alargecodingandnetworkcompany).Theformationoflocalfirmshasimportantimplicationsfortheelectricalengineeringjobmarket.TraditionallycivilengineershavenotroublefindingpositionsinHawai‘i,butelectricalengineersoftennecessarilyleavetheislandsforemploymentopportunities.Morecompaniesmeanmorejobs.

Acurriculuminmechanicalengineeringwasfirstofferedin1960andin1963thefirstgroupofmechanicalengineersgraduated.

1 9 6 1

First group of electrical engineers graduate.

1 9 6 3

First group of mechanical engineers graduate.

1 9 6 3

Master’s degrees in civil engineering and in electrical engineering authorized.

1 9 6 5

Center for Engineering Research created from Engineering Experiment Station.

1958 engineering class visiting Fort Shafter Pumping Station (UH Archives)

16

graduate ProgramsGraduateinstructionwasneglecteduntilthe1960sbecauseoftheurgentneedtodevelopastrongundergraduateprogram.Withthisaccomplished,masters’degreeprogramsincivilengineeringandinelectricalengineeringwereauthorizedbytheUniversityin1963andformechanicalengineeringin1969.

TheelectricalengineeringdepartmentfirstofferedaPhDin1966,andthefirstdoctoratewasawardedin1969;Chin-LongChenofTaiwanwasthatgraduatewithadissertationtitled:“Someresultsonalgebraicallystructurederror-correctingcodes.”Themechanicalengineeringdoctoratewasofferedbeginningin1985.Thereafter,theBoardofRegentshadastrongdisinclinationtoauthorizenewdoctoralprograms.Theuniversity’sGraduateProgramReviewteamurgedengineeringtoconsiderasingle-college“umbrella”doctorateratherthanadoctorateincivilengineering,butintheend,concludedthatsuchaplanwasnotfeasible.APhDprogramforcivilengineerswasfinallyapprovedin1992.

ocean engineeringAninnovativeprograminoceanengineering,oneofthefirstinthecountry,beganin1966.Theprogrambecameadepartmentin1968.Astrongfaculty,headedbyCharlesBretschneider,anexpertincoastalengineering,beacherosion,andtsunamiwaveforces,andManleySt.Denis,whohaddonepioneeringworkonsea-keepinginrandomseas,foundedtheprogram.Later,themulti-talentedmarinescientistJohnCraven,recruitedbyGovernorJohnBurnstoplaceHawai‘iattheforefrontofworldmaritimeaffairs,addedadditionaldepthandglamourtotheprogram.Hawai‘i,situatedinthemiddleofanaturallaboratorywithclear,warm,deepwaterrelativelyclosetoshore,wasanaturalchoiceforsuchaprogramandthedepartmentthrived.Duringthefirstdecadeoftheprogram,therewasaconcentrationonhydraulicstudies,coastalstructures,andoffshoreplatforms.Emphasisshiftedintheseconddecadetoresearchbasedoncomputermodelingandexplorationofoceanresources,especiallyonthepotentialofoceanthermalenergyconversion.

TheJamesLookLaboratoryofOceanicEngineeringwastransferredfromthefederalgovernmenttotheuniversityin1966andservedasamajorappliedresearchfacilityforcoastalengineering.TheLookLaboratorywasnamedinhonorofUHengineeringgraduate,JamesLook,wholosthislifewhilemakingobservationsinHilofortheU.S.CorpsofEngineersduringthe1960tsunami.TheLookLaboratoryclosedin2004.

tiMeline 1 9 6 6

Dept. of Ocean Engineering established as a graduate program. James K. K. Look Laboratory of Oceanographic

Engineering transferred to the College from the US Army Corp of Engineers. Doctorate in electrical engineering authorized.

1 9 6 9

Masters degree in mechanical engineering authorized.

17

Inasomewhatcontroversialmove,in1989oceanengineeringwastransferredtothenewlyestablishedSchoolofOceanandEarthScienceandTechnology(SOEST).ClosetiesremainbetweenthereorganizedOceanandResourcesEngineeringdepartmentandtheCollegeofEngineeringintheformofjointresearchactivitiesandtheuseofbackgroundengineeringcoursesbyoceanengineeringstudents.

Holmes Hall and the gate of HopeGroundbreakingfortheCollegeofEngineering’snewquarterstookplacein1969andthebuildingwasoccupiedin1972.Gracingthenewbuildingisanimmensesculpture,athirty-foothighworkconstructedof3/4inchthicksteelplates,rolledandweldedtogether,createdbytheRussian-Americanartist,AlexanderLiberman.Opinionsonthepieceweremixed,butnoteworthyarecommentsfromtherespectedartistMamoraSatowhofoundthework“artisticallyappealing,workingwellintermsofthespaceprovidedintermsofcolor,andinterestingfromalldifferentangles.”Thebright-orangesculpture“GateofHope”wasoriginallydesignedtobecomplementedbytheorangetrimandrailingsofHolmesHallandthesurroundingflame-redpoincianatrees.Liberman’sworksareheldbymajormuseumsthroughoutthecountry.A2006bookThembyhisdaughter-in-law,thewriterFrancineduPlessixGray,detailssomeofthecolorfuleventsofhislife.

engineering education and socio-economic issues, 1970–2000TheCollegeofEngineering,alongwiththerestoftheUniversity,inthelastdecadesofthetwentiethcenturysufferedthroughanumberofstateandfederaleconomicdownturns.EngineeringDeanJohnShupe,successortoWilfredHolmes,identifiedanotherproblemforengineersingeneral.Especiallyinthe1970s,Shupecommented,theengineeringprofessionwasheldinlowesteembecausethepublicblamedenvironmentalillsonmisdirectedtechnology.Shupewasavocaladvocateforthedevelopmentofalternativeenergysources.HisalternativeenergycampaignkepttheCollegeofEngineeringintheheadlinesthroughoutthe1970s.HewasacutelyawareofHawai‘i’sover-relianceonoilanditsparticularvulnerabilityasanislandstate.Shupe’ssuccessorasdean,PaulYuen,continuedafocusonalternativeenergysources.Shupewasinfluentialinthe1974foundingoftheHawai‘iNatural

1 9 7 2

Holmes Hall, housing all engineering activity on Manoa campus, completed.

1 9 7 4

Fujio Matsuda becomes first engineer to become UH president.

1 9 8 0

Department of general engineering disbanded.

1 9 8 1

Paul Yuen becomes dean of College of Engineering.

“Gate of Hope” sculpture in front of Holmes Hall

18

EnergyInstitute,amulti-disciplinaryorganizationdevotedtoresearchanddevelopmentofnaturalenergytechnologies,andbothShupeandYuenservedasdirectorsofthatInstitute.AsUniversityhistorians,RobertM.KaminsandRobertPotter,pointouthowever,notallresidentswerehappywithsomeenergyprojects,mostnotablygeothermalresearch.

Asthecenturyclosed,budgetcutshadseverelyhamperedengineeringprograms.Theoperatingbudgethadbeencutby30%,thefacultyhaddecreasedby20%,andenrollmentinthelastfiveyearsofthe1990sdroppedby30%.DeanWai-FahChen,whoassumedthedeanshipin1999,creditsGovernorBenCayetanowithaonemilliondollarcashinfusiontotheCollege’sbasebudget.Chenusedthefundstoretainfaculty,tobringinsomenewfacultymembers,andtorecruitandretainastrongstudentbody.

the growth of researchThroughresearch,Hawai‘i’sacademicengineerscanconnecttothecommunity,offertangiblebenefits,andpositivelyeffecteconomicandsocialprogress.ArthurKeller’s1916experimentwithroad-constructionmaterials,resultinginthefirstcampusroad,illustratesanearlyresearchcontributiontothecommunity.(“Forthefirsttime,”rejoicedtheBoardofRegents,“thecollegeisreadilyaccessiblebyautomobileinallsortsofweatherandabatteryoffoot-scrappersisnotnecessary!”).Examplesfromthelate1960scomingfromtheuniversity’sLookLaboratoryincludeerosionpreventionmodelsforthepopularKuhioBeachandstabilitystudiesforHonoluluairport’snewreefrunway.

Amajordevelopmentintheacademicresearchworldwasanadministrativestructuredesignedtodealwiththecriticalimportanceofextramuralfundingforresearchactivities.Issuesofpatents,revenuesharing,andproprietaryinterestsarose.Professorslearnedtoaddgrantsmanshiptotheirarsenalofskillsandtobalancebothteachingandresearchduties.TodayexternalresearchfundingprovidesmorethanhalftheCollege’stotaloperatingbudget.

Themostvisibleresearchprojectoftheearly1970swastheAdditiveLinksOn-lineHawai‘iAreaSystemsNetwork(ALOHA).ThisstorybeginswiththefacultyappointmentofW.WesleyPeterson,notedforhisinventionoftheCyclicRedundancyCheck,forwhichhewasawardedtheprestigiousJapanPrize.Peterson’sworkErrorCorrectingCodesisthestandardtexton

tiMeline 1 9 8 5

Doctoral program in mechanical engineering begins.

1 9 8 9

Ocean engineering transferred to new School of Ocean and Earth Science Technology.

1 9 9 2

Doctoral program in civil engineering established.

19

thissubject.Peterson’spresenceontheUniversitycampusattractedotherscientistsinthefield.AmongthesewasNormanAbramson.Abramson’spassionwassurfing,buthehadothertalentsaswell.AbramsoniscreditedwiththedevelopmentoftheALOHAprotocolthattransmitsdataviaradiowaves,ratherthanbywires.FundedbyIBM,theNipponElectricCompany,andNASA,theprojectattractedinternationalattention,andwasastepping-stonetotoday’sadvancedwirelesscommunicationsystems.APBSprogramacknowledgesAbramson’scontributions,asdoesthebookNerds 2.0,ahistoryoftheinternet.

Oneofthemostimportantprojects,whichwasheadedbyFrederickMunchmeyer,aprofessorofmechanicalengineering,wastheoceanthermalenergyconversionprogramatKeaholePointontheBigIsland.Fromthatproject,theNELHwasfounded,whichcontributestotheHawai‘ieconomyinmanywaysotherthanenergyproduction.ItwasthevisionanddriveofJohnCraventhatgotfundingforNELH.

Inthe1970s,theCollege’sresearcheffortswereincomputers,communicationsandelectronics;alternativeenergy;marineenvironments;structures;freshwaterandtheenvironment;spaceandmotion;andtransportation.Facultywerestudyingerrorsincomputerdatatransmission,especiallyforsatellitecommunications,computercommunicationnetworksandothermulti-usesystems.Fundamentallimitsofcommunicationcausedbynoise,power,static,bandwidthorotherfactorswerealsobeinginvestigated.Methodsofsendingvoicesignalsbydigitalmeans,countingthenumberofelectronsbetweenafixedpointonearthandageostationarysatellitetoleadtobettersatelliteplacement,fiberoptics,artificialormachineintelligence,developmentofdigitalsimulationtechniquessuitableforinvestigationsofstabilityandperformanceofsoundprojectionandfundingforasolid-statedevicelaboratorywherestudentslearntodesignandconstructintegratedcircuitswereallpartoftheon-goingresearchincomputers,communicationsandelectronicsduringthistime.

Alternativeenergyresourceswereimportantresearchtopicsinthe1970sand1980s,especiallysinceHawai‘ihasnofossilfuelresources.ResearchonunderstandinghowheatistransferredinporousmediasuchastherockstructureinHawai‘i’sgeothermalfieldsledtousinggeothermalheattogeneratepower.Anotherproject,alsostudyingheattransfermechanisms,usedrefrigerantssuchasFreon-11astheworkingfluidinalternativeenergysystemssuchasoceanthermalenergyconversion.Agroupofresearchers

1 9 9 9

Wai-Fah Chen appointed as dean of College of Engineering.

2 0 0 1

Hawai‘i Center for Advanced Communications established. Native Hawaiian Science and Engineering Program established.

2 0 0 2

Civil Engineering becomes Civil and Environmental Engineering.

2 0 0 6

Peter Crouch assumes deanship.

Norman Abramson

20

lookedatwindenergy,designingwindenergygeneratorsandmeanstointerfacewindturbinegeneratorswiththeutilitygrid.Severalfacultyworkedontheuseofhydrogenasanalternativefuel,lookingatissuessuchasgenerationandstorage.Otherslookedatsolarenergytopowerphotovoltaiccellsandforsolarheating.InthenewlyconstructedRenewableResourcesResearchLaboratory,researchwasdoneonapyrolysisprocess(thebreakingapartofcomplexmoleculesintosimpleunitsbytheuseofheat)thatusessunlighttoconvertbiomasstoliquidhydrocarbongasesandliquids.Biomassparticlesincludedwoodchips,sugarcane,andcorncobs.Oceanthermalenergyconversion(OTEC),anotheralternativetechnologybasedonsolarenergy,usestheprincipleofaheatenginethatoperatesbetweentwosourcesthatareatdifferenttemperaturestoproduceelectricity.Waveenergywasanotheralternativeenergysource,withmuchoftheoceanenergyresearchconductedbytheOceanEngineeringDepartment,apartoftheCollegeofEngineeringuntil1989whenitwastransferredtothenewly-formedSchoolofOceanandEarthScienceandTechnology.

Researchinthe1990sdealtwithareassuchashightechapplications,environmentalissues,ocean-relatedinterestsandspaceapplications.Energycontinuedtobeaconcernduringthistime.Computerchipdesigns,integratedcircuitdesigns,chipfabrication,microelectromechancialsystems(MEMS),millimeter-wavesystemsforwirelesscommunications,passivesamplingdevices,andvideocompressionwereinvestigated.MEMSreferstotheintegrationofmechanicalelements,sensors,actuators,andelectronicsonacommonsiliconsubstratethroughmicrofabricationtechnology.Whiletheelectronicsarefabricatedusingintegratedcircuitprocesssequences,themicromechanicalcomponentsarefabricatedusingcompatible‘micromachining’processesthatselectivelyetchawaypartsofthesiliconwaferoraddnewstructurallayerstoformthemechanicalandelectromechanicaldevices.

Intheenvironmentalarea,facultylookedatsubjectssuchasthecreepcharacterizationoftropicalsoils,mitigatingnaturalhazardsdamage,concretedurability,wasteashforgeotechnicalapplication,bioremediationofcontaminatedsoilsandmonitoringtheH-3NorthHalawaviaduct.Studiesoncorrosionwerealsoconducted.Ocean-relatedprojectsincludedthestudyofwave-inducedresponsesofverylargefloatingstructures,amultipleautonomousvehicleimagingsystem,underwaterrobotics,developmentand

tiMeline 2 0 0 7

Hawai‘i Space Flight Laboratory established.

Lloyd Hihara doing corrsion studies

Mini-OTEC experimental barge

21

testingofawave-drivenartificialupwellingdevice,andalargeprojectonthedevelopmentofasemi-autonomousunderwatervehicleforinterventionmissions.Spaceresearchincludedtheapplicationofcompositeandsmartmaterialstospacestructures,anderrorcontrolcodingtechniquesforspaceandsatellitecommunications.EnergyresearchincludedtheHawai‘ielectricvehicledemonstrationproject.

Inmorerecentyears,engineeringprofessorLloydHihara’sresearchprogramaddressescorrosion,aninternationalissuebutoneespeciallyproblematicinHawai‘ibecauseofthehighsalt-contentoftheair.ThePacificRimCorrosionResearchProgram(PRCRP),headedbyHiharaincooperationwiththeUSArmyandothersponsors,isdevelopingtestingsitesaroundthestate,testingvariousprotectivetreatments,andlookingattheeffectofcorrosiononadvancedelectronicssystems.

In2000,theBoardofRegentsestablishedtheHawai‘iCenterforAdvancedCommunications(HCAC)withintheCollegeofEngineering.HCACaimstobecometheleadingcenterformulti-disciplinaryresearchinthetelecommunicationsfield.Specialemphasisisonbroadbandwirelesscommunicationsandintegratedcommunicationsystemsthatincludewireless,opticalpower-line,andsatellitecommunications.Internationally-recognizedMagdyIskander,aFellowofIEEEandaformerNationalScienceFoundationprogramdirector,wasrecruitedfromtheUniversityofUtahwherehehadheldanendowedchair.ThecenterhasattractedextramuralfundingandbroughttwomajorIEEEconferencesonwirelesstechnologyandantennasystemstoHawai‘i.WirelesscommunicationadvanceshaveprofoundimplicationsforthetechnologicalandeconomicfutureofHawai‘i.Iskanderspeaksofhisgoalofa“WirelessWaikıkı”toattractbusinessandconventionpeople,anda“WirelessPearlHarbor”insupportofthedefenseindustry.TheCenterhasalsoreachedouttoHawai‘ischoolstoencourageanewgenerationoftelecommunicationentrepreneurs.

In2007theHawai‘iSpaceFlightLaboratorywaslaunchedasajointprojectoftheCollegeofEngineeringandtheSchoolofOceanandEarthScienceandTechnology.Participantswilldesign,launch,andoperatemicro-satellitesconfiguredforavarietyofscientificandeducationaltasks.ElectricalEngineeringProfessorWayneShiromaisco-directoroftheprogram.

Magdy Iskander (right) with HCAC graduate students

Justin Akagi ( left) and Wayne Shiroma, co-director of the Hawai‘i Space Flight Laboratory working on a micro-satellite

22

TheNationalAcademyofEngineersidentifiesbioengineeringasoneofthewavesofthefuture.ProfessorofMechanicalEngineeringPeterBerkelmanhasdesignedanexperimentalrobotthatlooksaheadtothisfuture.Berkelman’stoolisdesignedtobeattachedtoanendoscope(aspecializedvideocameraattachedtoalong,thinrodinsertedintothehumanbody)todisplayimagesofinternaltissuesonavideomonitorduringsurgery.Therobotictoolallowsthephysiciantomanipulateandcontroltheendoscopewithvarioushands-freecommandinterfacessuchasvoicerecognition.

AnotherongoingfuturisticbiomedicalresearchprojectisthatofelectricalengineeringprofessorsOlgaBoric-Lubecke,VictorLubecke,andAndersHost-Madsen,whohavedevelopedanewtechnologycalledtheHeartSensingRadar/LifeReader.ThedevicemarriesmicrowaveDopplerradartodigitalsignalprocessingtocreateameansofdetectinglifesigns.Itiswireless,canseethroughwalls,andcandistinguishthesignalsofmultiplepeople.Practicalapplicationsofthismightincludesearchingforsignsoflifeatanaccidentscene,scanningairportsecuritylinesforsignsofanxietyorhostility,orunobtrusivemonitoringofat-riskmedicalpatients.

Civil engineering: Connecting to the CommunityToalargeextent,theDepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineeringanditsgraduatesareresponsiblefortheinfrastructureoftheStateofHawai‘i.

TheHawai‘iLocalTechnicalAssistanceProgram(LTAP)representsatownandgownconnectionforHawai‘i’scivilengineers.Theprogram,oneof58USLTAPcenters,wastransferredfromtheHawai‘iDepartmentofTransportationtotheDepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineeringin1998.LTAP’smissionistodeliverabroadrangeofqualitytraining,technologytransfer,andinformationsharingthroughcooperativerelationshipsthatpromotebestpracticesthroughoutthestatewidetransportationsystem.LTAPreceivesitsbasicfundingfromtheFederalHighwayAdministrationandtheHawai‘iDepartmentofTransportation.Tostrengthenitstiestotheengineeringcommunity,todatetheprogramhasexecutedtenpartneringandresource-sharingagreementswithHawai‘i-basedindustrialandprofessionalgroups,themostofanyofthe58centers

Peter Berkelman

Constantinos Papacostas (center) with LTAP staff members Gail Ikeda ( left) and Juli Kobayashi (right)

23

acrossthenation.CivilEngineeringProfessorConstantinosPapacostashasdirectedtheprogramsinceitsUHinception,hasorganizednumerousworkshopsandtrainingactivities,providedtechnicalandpolicyassistancetolocalandstategovernments,,andhaseditedtheLTAPnewsletterHawaiian Connections.Thenewslettercoverscurrentdevelopmentsandprojectsandsinceitsbeginninghasbecomeacompendiumofpracticalinformationonsuchmattersasnotabletransportationprojects(preservingthehistoriccharacterofHanaleiBridge,forexample),the“buildingabettermousetrap”column(devicesinventedbylocalworkerstoimproveengineeringoperations),anduntil2002,the“Lum’sRuleofThumb”column(advicefromthelatemasterengineerWalterLumonwaystosolvecomplexproblems).

TheCollegesuppliesasolidteamofexpertswhohaverespondedtoHawai‘i’snaturaldisasteremergencies.GeotechnicalengineerPeterNicholsonhasservedasalocalvolunteerforanumberofgeo-relateddisasters,includingtherockfallatMakahaTowers,therockfallatSacredFalls,andtheKalokoDamfailureonKaua‘iin2006.Hewasoneofanexpertfacultyteamthatassesseddamagefromthe2007KıholoBayandHawıearthquakesontheBigIsland.Onthenationalscene,inthedaysfollowingHurricaneKatrinaontheUSGulfCoast,hewascalledontoassembleateamofengineerstoinspectthehurricaneproductionsystemanddeterminecausesofthecatastrophicfailure.Histeamwrotethefirstreportonthecausesoftheleveefailure.

Peter Nicholson next to a failed levee wall in New Orleans.

24

a Century of leadership

arthur ripont Keller (1882–1961)

ArthurKellerjoinedthefacultyoftheCollegeofAgricultureandMechanicArtsin1909.WhenhefirstcametoHawai‘i,hehadacivilengineeringdegreefromCornellandalawdegreefromtheNationalUniversityLawSchool.In1915,hewentonasabbaticalleaveandreturnedwithtwoengineeringmasters’degrees,onefromMITandonefromHarvard.BythetimeKellerreturnedfromactivedutyinWorldWarI,theCollegeofHawai‘ihadbecometheUniversityofHawai‘i,andKellerwasappointedasthefirstdeanoftheCollegeofAppliedScience,whichincludedengineering,agriculture,homeeconomics,andsugartechnology.

Keller’snameisassociatedwithmanyphasesoftheyoungUniversity’sdevelopment.Hemaintainedaheavyteachingschedule,helpedplanthebuildingsandgroundsoftheUniversity,servedasanadministrator,andwasactingUniversitypresidentduringWorldWarIIdays.ThecityofHonoluluoftendrewonhisexpertiseinmattersrelatingtocityplanning,healthservices,andsewerdesign.Thisversatilemanplayedonthe1911collegefootballteamandattheageof58tookflyinglessons.Keller’sdepthofknowledgewaslegendary.Once,anotherprofessortriedtosubstituteforhimforacourseonengineeringcontracts.Toolate,thesubstituteprofessorrealizedthattostandinforKellermeantlecturingonHawaiianlandlaw,Hawaiianlawsofwaterrights,statutelaw,andthecasehistoriesoflocalcourtdecisionsaffectingengineering.Theinstructorconfessedthathecouldnotteachthecourse

asKellerhad.“Nobodyelsecaneither!”wastheonlysympathytheinstructorreceived.

OneofKeller’smanycontributionswasthedesignofacampusdrainageandfloodcontrolsystem.Afterthedisastrouscampusfloodof2004,hisportraitfellfromthewallofKellerHallwhereithadhungfor44years,confirmingthebeliefofsomethatKeller’sspirithauntshisnamesakebuilding.

Honors

regents’ Medal for excellence in researchCollege of engineering faculty awards2006 Albert Kim, Civil Engineering2002 Marc Fossorier, Electrical Engineering regents’ Medal for excellence in teachingCollege of engineering faculty awards2003 Wayne Shiroma, Electrical Engineering2002 Beei-Huan Chao, Mechanical Engineering1999 Rahul Chattergy, Electrical Engineering1994 Peter Nicholson, Civil Engineering1991 Vinod Malhotra, Electrical Engineering1990 Bruce Liebert, Mechanical Engineering1982 Arthur Chiu, Civil Engineering

national science foundation Presidential young investigator awardCollege of engineering recipients1991 Kenneth Zeger, Electrical Engineering1991 Junku Yuh, Mechanical Engineering1990 Lloyd Hihara, Mechanical Engineering1989 Galen Sasaki (awarded in Texas), Electrical Engineering1989 Michael Smith, Electrical Engineering1988 Anthony Kuh, Electrical Engineering

25

Wilfred Jay Holmes (1900–1986)

WilfredHolmesgraduatedfromtheUSNavalAcademyin1922andthereafterwasassignedtosubmarineduty.AdisabilityforcedhisretirementfromtheNavyandin1936hejoinedtheUniversityofHawai‘ifacultyasanassistantprofessorofengineeringandmathematics.DuringWorldWarII,hewasrecalledtoactivedutyandservedasanintelligenceofficerunderChesterNimitz.HeworkedinasecretroomlocatedunderthePearlHarborheadquartersbuilding,helpingtodecodeinformationfromJapaneseradiotransmissions.Holmesreturnedtoacademiaafterthewartobecomedeanofengineering.HolmesservedasdeanoftheCollegeofEngineeringfrom1947to1965(therewereshortbreaksinhisdeanshipwhenhereturnedtoteachingorwascalledtoUniversityadministrativeduties).Holmessawmanychangesduringhistenure.Whenhefirstcamein1936therewereonlyafewdozenengineeringstudents.Whenheretiredenrollmentcountsreachedsome800.

Holmesledanalternativelifeasasuccessfulwriter.UnderthepennameAlecHudson,anddrawingonhismilitaryexperiences,hepublishedanumberoffictionalstoriesonsubmarinewarfareintheSaturdayEveningPostaswellasseveralfictionalandnon-fictionalbooksonthissubject.

Oneofthemostnotoriousincidentsofhiswritingcareerconcernsthe“secondattackonHawai‘i”inMarchof1942.ThatmonthbombsrippedholesinTantalusalthoughnoonewashurt.Afterthewaritwasconfirmed

thatthebombswereindeedlaunchedfromaJapaneseseaplanefueledbyasubmarine.EarlierHolmeshadpublishedashortstory“Rendezvous”describinginstrikinglysimilartermsthemethodologyofsuchanattack.Holmesdismissedanysuggestionthattheattackwasinspiredbyhisstory.Thetechnologywaswellknowntotheworld’snavies,andmoreover,hesaid,hedoubtedthatJapanesecommanderssataroundreadingtheSaturday Evening Post.

25

26

John Wallace shupe (1924–2001)

JohnShupeheldabachelor’sdegreeinmechanicalengineeringfromKansasStateUniversity,amaster’sincivilengineeringfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,andadoctorateincivilengineeringfromPurdue.HewasstationedinEnglandduringWorldWarIIandflewmissionsoverGermanyasaB-17navigator.InaflightoverLeipzig,hesufferednear-fatalinjuriesandforthatreceivedaPurpleHeartandDistinguishedFlyingCross.HewasassociatedwithHughesAircraftandConsolidatedVultecAircraftCorporation,andbeforehisappointmentasdeanoftheUHCollegeofEngineering,hewascoordinatorofanAgencyforInternationalDevelopmentunitthatsponsoredanengineeringeducationalprograminEgypt.ShupewasdeanoftheUHCollegeofEngineeringfrom1965–1980.

Asanacademic,Shupehadamissionandthatwaspromotionofalternativeenergysources.HespokeoutoftenonthedangerofHawai‘i’sdependenceonimportedoilandwasanardentadvocateforHawai‘i’srichstoresofalternativesources:solar,oceantemperaturedifferentials,wind,waves,geothermalpower,andbiomass.

WhenheleftHawai‘iin1996,hebecamethedirectorofthePacificSiteOfficeoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyinSanDiego.

Honors

national science foundation Career awards College of engineering recipients2008 Anyuan Cao, Mechanical Engineering2006 Gurdal Arslan, Electrical Engineering2005 Albert Kim, Civil Engineering2002 Audra Bullock, Electrical Engineering2000 Farzad Mashayek, Mechanical Engineering1999 Zixiang Xiong, Electrical Engineering1998 Marc Fossorier, Electrical Engineering1995 Eun Sok Kim, Electrical Engineering1995 Patrick Phelan, Mechanical Engineering1995 Gregory Uehara, Electrical Engineering

eta Kappa nu alton B. Zerby and Carl t. Koerner outstanding electrical or Computer engineering awardCollege of Engineering Student Recipients2007 Monte Watanabe (honorable mention)2005 Blaine Murakami2003 Aaron Ohta2001 Kendall Ching

26

27

Paul C. yuenYuenwasborninHilobutmovedwithhisfamilytoHonoluluwherehegraduatedfromRooseveltHighSchool.HeearnedaB.S.fromtheUniversityofChicagoandaPhDfromIllinoisInstituteofTechnology.HewasanengineeratStandardCoilProductsandArmourResearchFoundationbeforebeginningateachingcareeratIllinoisInstituteofTechnology.YuenjoinedtheUHfacultyasanassociateprofessorofelectricalengineeringin1961andwasdeanoftheCollegeofEngineeringfrom1981–1999.

Hisacademicinterestsandwritingscenteronatmosphericdynamics,renewableenergy,andhightechnology.OneofhisnotableprojectswastheinnovativePEACESATprojectthatlinkedHawai‘iwithsometwentyPacificislandnations.Yuenwastheengineerfortheproject;JohnBystromandKataseNoseparticipatedinothercapacities.Asdean,Yuenpioneeredacurriculumthatfocusedonrealworldprojectssupportedbystrongtechnicalskills.HewasaheadofhistimeindevelopingasummerprogramencouragingnativeHawaiianstoconsiderengineeringasacareer,althoughironically,heremembers,theprogramranafoulofcivilrightsadvocates.Amodestman,heisnotinclinedtotalkabouthisaccomplishments,buthedoesreportonhissatisfactionwithdeliveringwhatthepeopleofthestatewanted,afullyaccreditedengineeringschool.

HewascalledupontoserveasUHvicepresidentforacademicaffairs,UHseniorvicepresident,executivevicechancellorandactingUHpresident.TothesepositionshebroughtarareunderstandingofhowthestategovernmentofHawai‘iworksandasaresultimprovedcommunicationlinesbetweentheUniversityand“downtown.”

ReginaldYoungwasinterimdeanoftheCollegeofEngineeringduringthefive-yearperiodofYuen’sadministrativeleave.

27

28

Wai-fah Chen“War,war,war.Run,run,run.”ThisisWai-FahChen’sdescriptionofgrowingupinChina.WithhisbrothersheescapedtoTaiwan.HisundergraduatedegreewasfromtheNationalCheng-KungUniversityinSouthernTaiwan.HestudiedstructuralengineeringatLehighUniversityinPennsylvania,afortunatechoice,hesays,becauseofLehigh’srevolutionaryprograminplasticdesignreplacinganoldermethodofallowablestressdesign.Chen’sPhDwasfromCornellwithaconcentrationonplasticity,abranchofappliedmathematicsdescribingtheinelasticbehaviorofmaterials.ChenreturnedtoLehightoteachandlatermovedontoPurduewherehewastobecomethefirstDistinguishedProfessorChairofCivilEngineering.Twoofhisearlybooksbroughthimconsiderableacclaim:Limit Analysis and Soil PlasticityandTheory of Beam-Columns.Otherworksfollowedandhebecamearespectedleaderinthefieldofplasticity,structuralstability,andstructuralsteeldesign.HeisamemberoftheUSNationalAcademyofEngineeringandtheAcademiaSinica.

ChenservedasdeanoftheCollegeofEngineeringfrom1999–2006.HisgoalfortheCollege,hestated,wassimpleandclear:“toelevatetheCollegetothelevelofthenation’stop-tierengineeringschoolsbybuildingacademicexcellence.”Whenheretiredasdeanhewasabletocitetremendousprogress.Hehadaddedfaculty,strengthenedresearchprograms,improvedfacilities,andincreasedenrollment.

faCUlty endoWMents

the arthur n.l Chiu endowed scholarship

The Arthur N.L. Chiu Endowed Scholar-ship, established in 2006, honors one of the College of Engineering’s most respected professors. Chiu, an interna-tional authority on the effect of wind on structures, taught civil engineering classes for over 42 years. Robert Akinaka and Edward Hirata helped establish the scholarship as a means of giving back for all of Chiu’s contributions. “You know how we all credit that one teacher for our success, the one teacher you remember, who took personal interest? For many of us, that’s Dr. Chiu,” Akinaka said.

Chiu died in 2006 after suffering a stroke at a meeting of the Structural Engineer-ing Association of Hawai‘i, “literally on the job,” said Hirata.

the dr. Hi Chang Chai excellence in teaching award endowment fund

The Hi Chang Chai Endowment provides three teaching awards each year, one each for civil, electrical and mechanical engineering faculty. Chai established the endowment in 1998 to provide a cash award to those faculty who exemplify excellence in teaching. Chai was the advisor to all graduating seniors in me-chanical engineering, ensuring that they were on track to graduating and keeping in touch with the students after they graduated.

28

29

Peter e. CrouchCrouchholdsBS(EngineeringScience)andMS(ControlTheory)degreesfromWarwickUniversityinEnglandandaPhDinappliedsciencefromHarvard.HeassumedthedeanshipoftheUHCollegeofEngineeringin2006followingadistinguishedcareerasadministrator,educator,andscholaratArizonaStateUniversity.Previously,CrouchtaughtatWarwickUniversity,servedasviceprovostforglobalengineeringatArizonaStateUniversity,andledthatUniversity’sIraA.FultonSchoolofEngineering.AsdeanatASUformorethanadecade,Crouchwasresponsibleforelevatingtheschooltooneofthetop50engineeringprogramsinthenation.Hehasauthoredsome120scientificarticlesandtwobooks.

Hisresearchinterestscenteroncontroltheory,nonlinearsystemtheoryanddynamicalsystems.Crouchiswell-traveledandespeciallyinterestedinChina.HetakesasagoalbetterconnectionsoftheCollegewithAsiaandEurope.

29

30

on the Job

an engineer in the Corporate World: leslie asa Hicks (Class of 1916–17)

BornonPresqueIsle,Maine,HicksmovedtoHawai‘iin1908.HegraduatedfromMcKinleyHighSchool,enteredtheCollegeofHawai‘i,andwastheonlyengineertograduateinthe1916–17class.HicksenlistedintheWorldWarIarmedforcesandwastrainedinFranceasaballoonspecialist.Theworkofaballoonoperator,hewrotebacktohisHawai‘iclassmates,wastoobserveandadjusttheartilleryfirebelow.

HicksjoinedtheHawaiianElectricCompanyasatechnicianin1919.Hemoveduprapidlyandby1943waspresidentofthecompany.HeguidedthecompanythroughmomentousyearsinHawai‘i.ThepowerplantatPearlHarbor’sWestLochwasstrafedonDecember7,1941,butpowertotheislandwasonlybrieflyshutdown.Hickscanbecreditedforeffectiveleadershipofwartimeelectricpoweroperations,givingprioritytotheheavydemandsofthemilitaryonO‘ahu.Afterthewar,Hicksledthecompanyinfulfillingtheelectricaldemandsofanunprecedentedbuildingboom.ProvidingpowertotheAlaMoanaCenter,thelargestshoppingcenterinthenationatthattime,posedparticularchallenges.ThesizeofthenewcenterwasbiggerthandowntownHonolulu.ApowerdistributionsystemhadtobeinstalledfromKonaStreettotheshoppingcenter.Sincethecenterwasbuiltonreclaimedlands,undergroundvaultsforsubmersibletransformersthatcouldwithstandfloodinghadtobebuilt.

Hicksadvocatedaconceptof“goodcorporatecitizenship”ascompanypolicy.Hesetagoodexampleandservedonmanyboards,includingtheUniversity’sBoardofRegentsfrom1957–1961.Afteranacrimoniouslabordisputein1943,someunionofficialstriedtohaveHawaiianElectrictakenoverbythecity,butHickswasabletofendoffthatmove.HickswaswithHawaiianElectricfor40years.ThepowerplantonAlaMoanaBoulevardisnamedinhishonor.

The University of Hawai‘i has been an invaluable source of very talented engineers. It has been the UH College of Engineering’s integration into the professional community that has facilitated their graduates’ understanding of the industry’s needs. Working closely with local and national Architect/Engineer firms, the College has been able to supply local and cultural insight to the curriculum of science and engineering that has produced highly qualified engineering students.

The Hawai‘i Council of Engineering Societies is proud to have the UH College of Engineering as a member.

TOdd C. BARNES, P.E. Chair 2006–2007 Hawai‘i Council of Engineering Societies

31

an engineer in Public service: edward y. Hirata (Class of 1956)

EdwardHiratagraduatedfromtheUniversityofHawai‘iin1956withadegreeincivilengineeringwithhonors.Hiscareerwasvaried:hewasprojectengineerforanumberofHonoluluengineeringfirms,headofhisownconsultingfirm,andanexecutivewithHawaiianElectricCompany.Hirataspentthirty-threeyearsasaUSArmyReserveofficerandretiredwiththerankofBrigadierGeneral.

“Ihavebeenprivilegedtoserveseventeenyearsasapublicservant,”Hiratanotes.“I’vesaidmanytimesthatpublicserviceisthehighestcallingtowhichonecanaspire.ThetwomostchallengingappointedpositionsthatIheldwere,first,asDirectoroftheHawai‘iStateDepartmentofTransportation(HDOT)andsecond,ManagingDirectoroftheCityandCountyofHonolulu.IconsiderthepositionofDirectoroftheHDOTasthemostchallengingpositionthatanengineercanholdintheStateofHawai‘i.Thedepartmentisresponsibleforallthemajorhighways,harbors,andairportsintheState.

“AsdirectorofHDOT,IplayedaroleinthedesigningandbuildingofthecontroversialH-3freeway.Despitemuchopposition,theprojectwascompletedandhasbeensuccessfulinreducingtrafficcongestioninthemorningandafternooncommutesofthewindwardO‘ahucitizens.

“OnelittleknownprojectthatIwasespeciallyproudofwasmakingimprovementtotheroadways,harbor,andairportattheKalaupapaHansen’sDiseaseSettlementonMoloka‘i.Werepavedtheroadways,renovatedtheoneandonlyharborthatreceivessuppliesonceayear,andrealignedandsmoothedouttherunway.

“TheotherchallengingpositionIheldwasthatofManagingDirectoroftheCityandCountyofHonolulu.Myjob,asthedeputytothemayor,wastocoordinatethevariousinterdepartmentalactivitiesofthecity,resolveanydifferences,andassistthemayorinworkingwiththeCityCounciltogetthejobdone.SomeofthemanyinitiativesoftheFasiadministrationstillinexistencetodayareTheBussystem,satellitecityhalls,theopenmarkets,andthestaggeringofvehiclelicensingthroughouttheyear.Althoughthemanagingdirector’spositionisnotanengineeringposition,thetrainingthatIreceivedattheCollegeofEngineeringwasinstrumentalingivingmetheabilityandtoolstogetthejobsdone.”

The 100 year history of the College of Engineering is something all students, alumni, and faculty can be proud to have been a part of. I am truly grateful for the education I received as a student, and I have continued to learn more about what it means to be an engineer by volunteering and supporting the college after graduating. The future of the college will be even brighter if I and my fellow alumni continue to do our part to support the college that has given us the foundation to build successful careers.

MATTHEW K. FUJIOKA President 2007–2008 Engineering Alumni Association of the University of Hawai‘i

31

32

starting out: troy Ching (Class of 2007)

TroyChinggraduatedfromKamehamehaSchoolsin2002andafterenrollingintheCollegeofEngineeringwasoneofthefirstparticipantsintheNativeHawaiianMentoringProgram.DuringhislasttwoyearsattheCollege,heinternedatCommunityPlanningandEngineeringInc.,aNativeHawaiianownedfirmforthepast50years.Thefirmspecializesinlanddevelopmentandrelatedconsultingwork.WhileatCommunityPlanningandEngineering,ChingworkedontwoDepartmentofHawaiianHomelandssubdivisions:KeokeainuplandsMaui,andEastKapoleionO‘ahu.HealsoworkedontheWaiawaRidgeDevelopment.

Forayearin2003–04,ChingwasaresearchassistantunderKaeoDuarte,ahydrologistintheUniversity’sbotanydepartment.Heassistedintheset-upandmeasurementtakingofHe‘eiafishpondinordertomapoutthehydrologyofaNativeHawaiianfishpond.Healsohadtheexperienceofsettingupanevapo-transpirationstationinthelo‘i(irrigatedterrace)attheHawaiianStudiesbuilding.Thegoaloftheprojectwastomeasurethewaterconsumptionrateofatypicallo‘i.

Aftergraduation,ChingjoinedHDRInc.,anaward-winning,large,employee-ownedarchitecturalengineeringandconsultingfirmfoundedin1917.HDRhasprojectsinall50statesandin60countries.Thefirmspecializesincoastalengineeringandrestoration,communityplanningandurbandesign,designengineering,masterplanning,transportationplanning,wastewatercollectionsystems,wastewatertreatment,andwatersupplyandtreatment.HDRhadexpandeditsoperationstoHawai‘iin2007byacquiringHawai‘iPacificEngineersInc.,alocalconsultingcivilengineeringfirmestablishedin1985.AtHDR,Chinghasworkedonseveralprojects,includingtheproposedKapoleiCostcoWarehouseandGasStation,Kalihi-Nu‘uanuSewerRehabilitationandaNavyprojectlocatedonGuam.

“TheclassesthatIfeelhavehelpedmethemostinmycurrentpositionareCEE421EngineeringHydraulics,CEE431WaterandWastewaterEngineering,andCEE490SeniorDesignProject,”Chingnotes.

The UH College of Engineering serves as a vital resource for Hawai‘i ’s engineering community, developing our best and brightest young people into the professional problem solvers of tomorrow.

JON NISHIMURA, P.E.President 2007–2008American Council of Engineering Companies of Hawai‘i

32

33

a diverse student Body

the native Hawaiian Mentoring ProgramInstepwithnationalinitiativestoincreasetheoverallnumberofunderrepresentedgroupsintheareasofscience,technology,engineeringandmath,in2001theCollegeofEngineeringjoinedtheAlliancesforMinorityParticipation,fundedbytheNationalScienceFoundation.TheHawai‘iprogram,calledNativeHawaiianScienceandEngineeringProgram,isheadedbyCollegeofEngineeringDirectorofAcademicAffairsTepDobry,incooperationwithLilikalaKame‘eleihiwa,directoroftheCenterforHawaiianStudies.Kame‘eleihiva’sintentwasnotonlytoincreaseenrollmentofNativeHawaiiansinHawaiianstudiesandlanguage,butalsointhescienceandhealthfields.JoshuaKaakuacameonboardasMinorityEngineeringProgramCoordinator.Theprogramhasbeenasuccessstory.NativeHawaiiansnowconstitutetenpercentoftheengineeringenrollment.Theseventypercentretentionrateisconsideredextraordinary.Measuresproveneffectiveinaccomplishingthissuccessinclude:asummerbridgeprogramwhichgivesstudentsanextrasemestertoprepareforclasses;mentoringinmath;“engineeringlearningcommunities”withweeklyproblem-solvingsessionsincalculusandchemistry;individualassistancewithhomeworkassignments;andinvolvementwithengineeringprojectsimportanttonativeHawaiians.Beginningin2007,theCollegeofEngineeringjoinedtheIslandsofOpportunityAlliance,incooperationwiththeUniversityofHawai‘iatHilo,UHWestO‘ahu,Hawai‘iPacificUniversity,AmericanSamoaCommunityCollege,GuamCommunityCollege,theCollegeofMicronesia,theCollegeoftheMarshallIslands,NorthernMarianasCollege,andPalauCommunityCollege.ThenewallianceextendsopportunitiesforunderrepresentedgroupsofstudentsthroughoutthestateofHawai‘iandtheislandsofthePacific.

female representation in the College of engineeringSinceMaeNakatanigraduatedin1950astheonlywomeninaclassoffiftythreestudents,femalepercentageshaverisensteadily.In2006/07theCollegeofEngineeringpercentageofwomenisapproximatelytwentypercent,anumberthattrackswithnationalfigures.Adiscernabletrendistheriseinthenumberoffemaleelectricalengineeringmajors.

CEE graduate Kristopher Maile and CEE sophomore Kahaleali‘i Muhlestein measure and control water flow at Kohala, Hawai‘i Island. The taro patch was newly refurbished in 2006 with assistance from UH Manoa engineering students.

34

student Honor societiesThreeengineeringhonorsocietiesareactiveoncampus.ChiEpsilon,thecivilengineeringsociety,istheoldestandin2007celebrateditshalf-centurymark.GenerationsofstudentsrememberanearlysupporterofChiEpsilon,ProfessorArthurChiuwhoseldommissedameetingofthesociety.EtaKappaNu(HKN),DeltaOmegaChapteristheelectricalandcomputerhonorsocietyfoundedbyProfessorKazutoshiNajitain1962.TheHawai‘iSigmaPichapterofPiTauSigma,thenationalmechanicalengineeringhonorsociety,wascharteredin1969.

student activities and support staffAstrengthoftheCollegehastraditionallybeenthewiderangeofactivitiesofferedtothestudentbody.Therearenumerousopenhouses,careerdayswhencompaniescometorecruit,andcompetitions.Manystudentshavelastingmemoriesofcompetingintheconcretecanoe,micro-mouse,human-poweredvehicle,mini-Baja,FormulaSAE,andnano-satelliteprojects.OpenhousesandschoolvisitsacquainthighschoolstudentswithCollegeofEngineeringopportunities.Some1,000alumnimaintaintieswiththeCollegebyattendingtheannualbanquet.

Planningandexecutionoftheseeventsthroughtheyearshasbeenoverseenbyaloyalsupportstaffandstudentvolunteers.ItisnoteworthythatfromWorldWarIIthroughthe1980s,therewereonlytwosecretariesoftheCollege,HazelHeeandMatsueMiyamoto.FayHorietookoverin1986andremaineduntilherretirementin2006.

engineering faMilies

Here is one of those only-in-Hawai‘i stories.

Patriarch of the Endo family, Wallace, graduated from UH with a degree in civil engineering in 1954. Wallace Endo became a senior partner of SEY Engineers. Wallace Endo had three children, all three graduates of the UH College of Engineer-ing: Howard (1978, presently with SEY Engineers), Sheryl (1980, presently with Gray, Hong, Nojima & Assoc., Inc.), and Carolyn (1992, presently with Belt Collins Hawai‘i). Sheryl Endo married Michael Nojima, UH civil engineering, 1981, also with Gray, Hong, Nojima & Assoc., Inc. Carolyn Endo married Peter Len, a UH mechanical engineering graduate, class of 1991, now with NAVFAC Pacific. Peter Len’s father Raymond, also a mechanical engineer, graduated from UH in 1962 and is now retired.

There is more. Howard Endo married Linda Hihara (a 1978 UH engineering graduate, now with the US Army Corps of Engineers). Linda’s brother Lloyd (UH mechanical engineering, 1983) is presently a College of Engineering professor. Lloyd’s sister Shirley is a College of Engineering graduate, class of 1980, presently with NAVFAC Pacific.

All in all, there are 10 engineers in the Endo/Nojima/Hihara/Len clan.

34

35

our future

a Message from dean Peter Crouch: Envisioning the future of engineering, internationally and at the University of Hawai‘i AsweendourbrieflookintothehistoryoftheCollege,weseethatsocietytodayfacesmanyseriouschallenges.Theseincludetheprovisionofhousingandcivilinfrastructurefortheworld’spopulation,mitigationofnaturaldisasters,provisionofsufficientrenewableenergytodiminishthebuildupofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere,deliveryofdrinkingwatertothepeopleoftheworld,developingtechniquestocounterthedegradationofthenaturalenvironment,healthcarediagnosisanddeliverytotheworld’sinhabitants,mitigationofhumandisabilities,andprovidingasecurityenvironmentforall.Engineeringprofessionalshavethecapacitytoprovidemanysolutionstothesechallenges.

However,incomparisonwithotherprofessions,theengineeringprofessionisgenerallynotunderstoodorvaluedbymanyintheUSorthoseinothersocieties.Moreover,societyisingeneralincreasinglytechnologicallyilliterateandwiththecontinuedaccelerationofscientificandtechnologicalknowledgetheincreasinggapbetweenthetechnologicallyliterateandilliterateiscreatingsocietaltensions.TheengineeringworkforceisgrowingfasterinmanypartsofAsiathaninEurope,Japan,andtheUS,whichiscreatingeconomictensionsinaonceeconomicallysecureUS,JapanandEurope.Theengineeringcommunityisbeginningtounderstandthecriticalroleitmustplayintheconcurrentevolutionofpublicpolicyrelatedtothesolutionsorpotentialsolutionsitprovides.

Moreandmorefundamentalresearchistakingplaceatintersectionsofscientificandtechnologicaldisciplines.Themostrecognizedintersectionsareoccurringattheboundariesofnanotechnology,computerscience,andbiology.Theevolutionofsomebranchesofengineeringisbecomingincreasinglylinkedwithaconcurrentevolutioninthesciences,especiallythelifesciences,andcomputerandinformationsciences,creatingnewareassuchasbiomedicalengineeringandembeddedsystems.USindustryperformssignificantlylessresearchanddevelopment(R&D)thaninthepast,potentiallyleavingthehighereducationsystemintheUSwithanenhancedroletoplay.But,USfederalsupportofR&DisdecreasingwhileinmanyAsiancountriesitisincreasing.

36

TheUShighereducationsystemhasshownatendencytobecomemoreisolationistinanincreasingly“flattening”world.Theeventsof9/11playedamajorroleinanevenmorepronouncedperiodofisolationfromwhichtheUSisonlynowrecovering.Incontrast,manyEuropean,Asian,andAustralasiancommunitieshaveworkedhardtointernationalizeeducationandresearch.

Aspathwaysthroughhighereducation,Science,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics(STEM)curriculaareingeneralnomoreattractivenowthantheyhaveeverbeenfortheK-12population,despitemuchrecentefforttopopularizeSTEMinK-12.Thereareparticularproblemsinattractingunder-representedsegmentsofthepopulationandwomentoSTEMcareers.NewK-12educatorsaretypicallynotexposedtoSTEMsubjectsintheirhighereducationpathways,creatinganeverincreasingneedforK-12STEMeducators.Tocombatsomeofthesetrendsmanycountries,includingtheUS,areputtingmuchmoreemphasisoninnovationinSTEMteachingmethodsinhighereducationanddevelopingmanyafterschoolprogramsforK-12studentsaimedatattractingstudentstoSTEMcareers.

Facedwiththesemanychallengesandopportunitiestocontributetowardsociety’sneeds,itisnotatallclearwhatareasofinquiryandresearchwillhavethegreatestpayoff.ThisisespeciallychallenginginarelativelysmallislandstatelikeHawai‘iwithlimitedresources.However,despitetherisks,itisimportanttomakesomechoicesforthefutureresearchdirectionsfortheCollegeasitheadsintothe21stCentury.Tentativedecisionsonthesedirectionshavebeenmadeandaresummarizedhere.

36

37

engineering for a sUstainaBle HaWai‘i

Hawai‘ihasaspecialinterestinsustainabilityandmitigatingtheeffectsofglobalwarmingbecauseofitsisolationanddependenceonimportsforsomuchofitscurrentexistence.EngineeringtosupportasustainableHawai‘icantakemanyforms:photovoltaicdevices,deepoceanwaterheatexchange,fuelcells,environmentalengineering,watertreatmentandsupply,damsandwatersheds,solidandliquidwastedisposal,foodproduction,supplyingtheinfrastructureforbiotechnologyinbothland-basedandocean-basedagriculture,transportationandmasstransit,alternativefuels,pavementsandroads,andaffordableandsustainablehousing.TheCollegeshoulddevelopcapabilitiesandexpertisethatreinforcesthedevelopmentofthetechnologiesrelatedtosome,ifnotall,oftheseneeds.

exPloration engineering

TheUniversityofHawai‘iatManoahassignificant“big-science”strengths,thoseinvolvingtheSchoolofOceanandEarthScienceandTechnology(SOEST)andthoseinvolvingtheInstituteforAstronomy(IfA).Bothofthesebig-sciencestrengthsinvolvesignificantengineeringefforts.Thesebig-scienceendeavorsembodyadevelopingdisciplineof“explorationengineering”,whetherthatisatthebottomoftheoceans,onthesurfaceoftheoceans,innearspaceordeepspace.ThisismadepossiblebecauseoftheexistenceofsomeuniquefacilitiesinHawai‘i,manyofwhicharebeingdevelopedinassociationwiththeprogramsatUH.ExamplesincludethetelescopesoperatedbyIfA,theshipsandunderwaterexplorationvehicles

37

38

operatedbySOESTandthePacificmissilerangeonKaua‘i.TheCollegeshouldleveragetheseareasofnationalandinternationalprominenceanddevelopcapabilitiesandexpertisethatcomplementthescienceandfacilitatethecorrespondinggrowthoftheassociatedtechnologies,especiallywithcompaniesinHawai‘i.

engineering for a seCUre HaWai‘i and tHe United states

Hawai‘i’sgeographicpositionensuresthatitisrepresentativeofthemanynaturalhazardsandpotentialdisastersthatcanbefalltheUS.ItsgeographicpositioninthemiddleofthePacificensuresthatitalsoplaysamajorroleinthenationalsecurityoftheentireUSasfarasthreatsfromAsiaareconcerned.Thesethreatsrangefromthoseposedbyunfriendlynationstothespreadofdisease.UHandtheCollegeofEngineeringcurrentlyhavesomeexpertiseinmanyoftheseareas.TheCollegecanworkwithexistingUHresourcestobuildnationallycompetitiveareasofexpertisethatprovidelocalandnationalcapabilityintheanalysis,mitigation,andresponsetohazardsandpotentialdisasters.

dUal Use HigH teCHnologies

ThemilitarypresenceinHawai‘iprovidesforalargecomponentofthecurrenttechnologically-basedeconomicopportunitiesavailableinHawai‘i.

38

39

ThemostnaturalplaceforthedevelopmentofHawai‘i’sfutureeconomicdiversificationthereforesurroundstheharnessingofunderlyingtechnologiesthatarebeingdevelopedformilitaryapplications,anddevelopingthemforuseinthecivilsector.Theseareasincludecomputation,modelingandsimulationcapability,software/hardwareco-development,communicationandinformationtechnologies,wirelessandradarplatforms,sensors,optics,andmaterialsresearchincludingnano-electronics,mechanicsandcorrosion.TheCollegeshoulddevelopareasofexpertisethatreflectthenaturalcapabilitiesoflocalcompaniesandnationaldefensecontractorsintheseareasthathaveasignificantpresenceinHawai‘i.

BioMediCal engineering

TheStateofHawai‘ihasrecentlymadealargeinvestmentintheJohnA.BurnsSchoolofMedicine(JABSOM)andothermedicalunitsassociatedwithUH.Perhapsthegreatestexpansionofnewknowledgeinanydisciplineisoccurringatthefusionofthelifesciences,physicalsciencesandinformationsciences.TheCollegeneedstobeapartofthisveryexcitingscientificandtechnologicalrevolution,andleveragetheStateinvestmentsinthemedicalarena.ThereareseveralareasoftechnologicalinterestwheretheCollegeisalreadystrongincludingimagingandsensordesign,amongothers.TheCollegeshouldcontinuetodeveloptheseareasofexpertisewithaneverincreasingdialogwithJABSOM.

39

40

soUrCes

Main printed sources consulted: Alumni News; Chen, Wai-Fah. My Life’s Journey: Reflections of an Academic; Kamins, Robert M. and Robert E. Potter. Malamalama A History of the University of Hawai‘i; Holmes, Wilfred J. College of Engineering: A Record of its History and its Alumni (accompanied by 1981 update); Kobayashi, Victor N. ed. Building a Rainbow: A History of the Buildings and Grounds of the University of Hawai‘i’s Manoa Campus; Honolulu Advertiser; Honolulu Star Bulletin; Malamalama (University of Hawai‘i magazine); Ka Palapala; University of Hawai‘i Catalog; Quadrangle; UH Alumni magazine; Wiliki.

Personal communications: Lowell Angell; James Cartwright; Wai-Fah Chen; Troy Ching; Peter Crouch; Tep Dobry; Edward Hirata; Fay Horie; Joshua Kaakua; Edith Katada; Ronald H. Knapp; Anthony Kuh; Kazutoshi Najita; Mae Nishioka; Sheryl Nojima; Michael O’Hara; Peter Nicholson; Sara Rutter; Sherman Seki; Wayne Shiroma; Murray and Phyllis Turnbull; Paul Wermager; Reginald Young; Paul Yuen.

Special acknowledgments: College of Engineering Centennial history committee: Kristi Bates, Kerri Van Duyne, Carrie Matsuzaki, Jean Imada; Annette Summerlin, Hawaiian Electric Company Archives; College of Engineering unofficial historian, C. Papacostas.

Written by Nancy J. Morris, PhD and designed by Michael Tamaru

a Brief Hawaiian language glossary for engineersOnce thought virtually extinct, the Hawaiian language today is alive and well. It has adapted to the needs of the modern world. Some engineering terms are merely substitutions of the Hawaiian alphabet for English spellings. More interestingly, many engineering terms are deeply rooted in the native Hawaiian cognitive system.

irrigated terrace Lo‘i

laboratory Ke‘ena hana

laser Wana‘a

plastic ‘Ulina (malleable)

satellite Ukali

sewer ‘Auwai lawe mea ‘ino (ditch carrying rotten things)

soil Lepo

stone Pohaku

street Alanui

survey Ana

steel Kila (Hawaiianized English)

tunnel Ana puka

wave Nalu

wind Makani

wood La‘au

SOURCE

Pukui, Mary Kawena and Samuel Elbert. Hawaiian Dictionary and Komike Hua‘olelo, Hale Kuamo‘o, ‘Aha Punana Leo Mamaka Kaiao: A Modern Hawaiian Vocabulary

building Hale

building permit Palapala ‘ae e kukulu

cement Kamiki (Hawaiianized English)

computer Lolo uila (Lit.: electric brain)

corrosion Popopo

contract ‘Aeliki

EI Palapala Ho‘ike Hopena Kaiapuni

earthquake ‘Ola‘i

electric Uila

electric light Kukui uila

energy ‘Eleu

engineer Wilikı (Lit. “turn key”)

ferry Moku halihali

geothermal Uila mahu Pele

groundwater Wai honua

heat Wela

high rise building Haleku‘i (Lit. “added house”)

engineering faMilies

Another prolific UH engineering family is that of Reginald Young, UH emeritus professor of civil engineering, and a former interim dean of the College from 1989–1993. Young’s uncle Quan Yuen Ching (class of 1932) got the family started in engineering. Four Young brothers are graduates of UH in engi-neering: Reginald and Leonard in 1959, Thomas in 1950, and Hung Joong in 1941. First cousin Walter Hee is a 1961 civil engineering graduate. Four Young nephews are graduates of the College: Jeffrey (class of 1976), Jon (class of 1979), George (class of 1978) and Bruce (class of 1980). Further, Jon married Linda Katsura, class of 1979. Ethan Young, a grandson of Reginald Young, is currently a freshman at UH Manoa, majoring in civil engineering.

40