Antimicrobial Use & Resistance in Animal Health in Ireland

James Gibbons MVB PhD

Antimicrobial Use in Animals: Ireland

HPRA Report, 2015: https://www.hpra.ie/docs/default-source/publications-forms/newsletters/report-on-consumption-of-veterinary-antibiotics-in-ireland-during-2014.pdf?sfvrsn=9

2014 Total: 90.2 tonnes

Antimicrobial Use in Animals: Ireland

HPRA Report, 2015: https://www.hpra.ie/docs/default-source/publications-forms/newsletters/report-on-consumption-of-veterinary-antibiotics-in-ireland-during-2014.pdf?sfvrsn=9

Oral formulations: • Variation in dose • Direct exposure of GIT flora • Environmental residues

Antimicrobial Use in Animals: UK

Source: UK‐VARSS Report 2014

89% of antimicrobial sales for food animals in UK in oral formulations

Antimicrobial Use in Animals: UK

Source: UK‐VARSS Report 2014

3.5 %

17.3 %

<0.3 %

5.1 %

60.9 %

0.5 %

12.5 %

83% of AM for food animals in UK indicated for use in pigs & poultry 89% of AM in oral formulations Most oral AM use occurs in pigs & poultry in UK

Antimicrobial Use in Animals: Europe

Source: EMA, 2016

Antimicrobial Use in Animals: Europe

Antimicrobial Use in Animals: Europe

European Medicines Agency, European Surveillance of Veterinary Antimicrobial Consumption, 2016 http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/Report/2016/10/WC500214217.pdf

Antimicrobial Use in Animals: UK

Antimicrobial use on Irish pig farms

8

30

20

16

2

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

None Piglet Link Weaner Finisher

No. of farms using in-feed antimicrobials in each production stage (n=39)

Antimicrobial use on Irish pig farms

8

11

1

3

14

2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

None Piglet only Link Only Piglet & Link Piglet, Link & Weaner

Piglet, Link, Weaner & Finisher

Patterns of in-feed antimicrobial use on 39 pig farms

Antimicrobial use on Irish pig farms

4

1

10

1

10

3

6

Apramycin CTC Linco-Spec Penicillin Tilmicosin Amoxicillin Sulphas

No

. of

farm

s

Antimicrobial compounds used in-feed in piglet feed

Antimicrobial use on Irish pig farms

1 1 1

5

3 2

9

2

No

. of

farm

s

Antimicrobial compounds used in-feed in link feed

Antimicrobial use on Irish pig farms

9

2

1

4

1

CTC Penicillin Amoxicillin Sulphas Tylosin

No

. of

farm

s

Antimicrobial compounds used in-feed in weaner feed

Antimicrobial use on Irish pig farms

14

8 10

8 10 10

18 19

14 14

7 8

14

10

14

30

50

14

piglet piglet piglet piglet piglet piglet link link link link link link link link link weaner weaner weaner

No

. of

day

s

Duration of treatment with Sulfoprim antimicrobial compound in-feed on 18 farms

Antimicrobial use on Irish pig farms

10 12

42

49

45

21

50

40

piglet link weaner weaner weaner weaner weaner weaner

No

of

day

s

Duration of treatment with CTC 15% compound in-feed on 8 farms

Is this the best use of antimicrobials?

Is this the best way to control disease?

Antimicrobial use in animals

• Variation between countries

• Variation between species

• Variation between farms

• What drives theses differences?

• Production with low AM use is possible: How?

• Need for more data

Antimicrobial resistance: Zoonoses

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100 Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella isolates from pigs

and pigmeat 2013 , EFSA

Pigs Ireland Pigs EU 11 Pork Ireland Pork EU 7

Antimicrobial resistance: Zoonoses

2

54

3 0

Erythromycin Ciprofloxacin Gentamicin Multidrug Resistant

% R

esi

stan

t

Antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter isolates from 20 farms

Antimicrobial resistance: commensals

88

11

55

9 6

61 64 63

% R

esi

stan

ce

Antimicrobial resistance in E. coli from broilers on 20 farms (n=787)

Antimicrobial resistance: commensals

0.3

31.2

15.6

1 3 2.4 7.1

44.1 44.8

63.8

% R

esi

stan

t

Antimicrobial resistance in commensal E. coli from pigs on 39 farms (n=802)

Antimicrobial resistance: commensals

23.6

17.2

20.7

17.5

13.8

6.7

0.5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

% o

f Is

ola

tes

No. of Antimicrobial Classes

Resistance to number of antimicrobial classes in commensal E. coli from pigs on 39 farms (n=802)

Acknowledgements

• Department of Agriculture, Food &

Marine

• Dr Nola Leonard, UCD

• Dr Fiona Boland, UCD/RCSI

• Prof. Shea Fanning, UCD

• Dr John Egan, CVRL

• Mr. Jim Buckley MVB, Cork Co.Co.

• Prof Francis Butler, UCD

• Dr Paul Whyte, UCD

• Dr Declan Bolton, Teagasc

• Dr Shaun Smyth, UCD

• Dr Ciara Walsh, DIT

• Ms Kevina McGill, UCD

• Mr Joe Meade, UCD

• Vets & Farmers involved

ANY QUESTIONS?

Thanks for listening