answers - mrseatonclass.weebly.commrseatonclass.weebly.com/uploads/3/2/1/7/32178559/23… · web...

5 Writing Standards Text Formatting

Black History Month

Black History Month takes place in February. It is a time to recognize the achievements of African Americans.

The History of Black History Month ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Civil Rights Movement ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The March on Washington ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Famous Firsts for African Americans ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. Paul is reading an article about Black History Month. He wants to find out who was the first African American man to serve on the Supreme Court. Under which heading would he find the information he needs?

A. Famous Firsts for African Americans

1


B. The Civil Rights MovementC. The March on WashingtonD. The History of Black History Month

2. Paul is reading an article about Black History Month. Which sentence would Paul most likely find under the heading "History of Black History Month"?

A. More than 200,000 people participated in the March on Washington.B. Martin Luther King, Jr., helped organize the March on Washington.C. Jackie Robinson was the first black major league baseball player.D. The idea for Black History Month was proposed by Carter G. Woodson.

Games Throughout History

Board games are great to play with friends. One of the most popular games, checkers, was invented centuries ago.

History of Checkers By 1400 B.C., people living in Egypt were playing a game called Alquerque using a board and small round pieces. Alquerque spread all over the world. Then, in 1100 A.D., a man in France decided to play the game on a chessboard with 12 pieces for each player. The game later became known as checkers in North America.

Rules of the Game People began writing books about the game of checkers. Over time, the rules were changed, and new rules were added. Now, there are different sets of rules for the game, but the basic ones are the same. One player has 12 white checkers, and the other player has 12 red checkers. The pieces are placed on two rows at each end of the board, and the player with red checkers moves first. Each player tries to get all of their pieces to the opposite end of the board. One player can also jump over another player’s piece and capture it if the diagonal space on the other side of it is open. Once a checker has reached the top row of the opposite end of the board, it becomes a king. Kings can move backward or forward across the board. The first player to capture all of the other player’s checker pieces wins the game.

Checkers Tournaments The American Checkers Federation (ACF) organizes checkers tournaments in the United States. It also sponsors a national checkers tournament for adults and a tournament for children each year. This organization has more than 500 members who can play in any tournament in the country.

An International Pastime Checkers has different names in other countries. In England and Australia, the game is called draughts. Some of the rules also change depending on where the game is played. In one version, for example, the “flying king” can move more than one space at

2


a time. When the game is played in Germany and Italy, only kings can jump over and capture other kings. No matter what it is called, checkers has become a pastime for all people.

3. Which sentence would best fit under the heading "Rules of the Game"?

A. A player cannot skip his turn when playing checkers.B. Players from around the globe can become ACF membersC. Alquerque was played on a smaller board than today's checkerboards.D. Checkers tournaments are played around the world.

4. Under which heading would the author write about the game of Canadian Checkers?

A. Checkers TournamentsB. Rules of the GameC. History of CheckersD. An International Pastime

Snowboarding

Snowboarding is one of the most popular winter sports. Although it has gained more attention recently, snowboarding was invented several decades ago.

Early History It is not clear who built the first snowboard. However, the first boards were made in the 1920s from slabs of wood with ropes or horse reins tied to them to keep the rider’s feet in place. Then, riders would slide down snow-covered hills.

The “Snurfer” In 1965, Sherman Poppen built a new toy for his daughter. He tied two skis together and attached a rope at the front so the rider could have better control. His invention was called the Snurfer, because it combined surfing with the snow. A company began making and selling the Snurfer. More than half a million were sold in one year.

Snowboarding Competitions As the Snurfer became more popular, contests were held where people could show off their skills on the board. The first annual Snurfer contest was held in Michigan in 1979. Three years later, the first National Snowsurfing Championships were held in Vermont. People competed on Snurfers as well as other versions of the snowboard. Snowboarding finally became an Olympic sport in 1998.

Two Types of Snowboarding The traditional style of snowboarding is called the Giant Slalom. In this style, snowboarders race downhill to a finish line. Another style of snowboarding is called the

3


halfpipe. Snowboarders ride from one side of a U-shaped bowl to the other. They perform tricks on the halfpipe to earn points.

5. Sherry is reading an article about snowboarding. She wants to know more about the snowboarding styles. Under which heading can Sherry find this information?

A. The "Snurfer"B. Snowboarding CompetitionsC. Early HistoryD. Two Types of Snowboarding

6. Which sentence would be found under the heading "Two Types of Snowboarding"?

A. Sherman Poppen's wife came up with the name "Snurfer."B. Snowboarding has become a worldwide sport.C. The halfpipe is a freestyle event.D. The Snurfer was no longer sold after 1979.

The History of Mickey Mouse

Mickey Mouse has been around for about 80 years. He is now one of the most recognizable faces in the world. However, he wasn’t always so famous.

Oswald the Lucky Rabbit Walt Disney was an animator who worked for Universal Pictures. In 1927, he created a rabbit named Oswald. Oswald appeared in several short cartoons before Disney left Universal. Disney needed to create a new character.

Early History of Mickey Walt Disney’s new character was named Mickey Mouse. He appeared in Steamboat Willie, the first cartoon with music and sound effects, in 1928. Audiences loved Mickey, and soon the mouse had his own fan club.

Mickey in Color The earliest Mickey Mouse cartoons were in black and white. His first color cartoon was The Band Concert. After this, all Disney cartoons were filmed in color.

Mickey Mouse Today The Mickey Mouse character is still popular. Though Mickey Mouse cartoons are rare today, he is still the chief greeter at the Disney theme parks.

7. In which section of the passage would the author likely write about the number of Mickey Mouse cartoons made in the 1920s?

4


A. Mickey Mouse TodayB. Oswald the Lucky RabbitC. Mickey in ColorD. Early History of Mickey

8. Which sentence would best fit under the heading "Mickey in Color"?

A. The Mickey Mouse Club was a television show that began in the 1950s.B. Mickey Mouse's first full-length movie was called Fantasia.C. Technicolor was used to colorize the short film The Band Concert.D. The first Mickey Mouse cartoons were not very successful.

Orchestra Instruments

There are four sections in most orchestras. They are the string, brass, woodwind, and percussion sections.

Strings Violins, violas, cellos, and basses make up most string sections. The violin is the smallest instrument, and the double bass is the largest. Each string instrument has four strings. They can be played with a bow, which is a long piece of wood with hairs stretched across it.

Brass There are several kinds of instruments in the brass section of an orchestra. One of the smallest is the trumpet, and one of the largest is the tuba. These instruments are played by blowing air through a small hole to make a sound. Most brass instruments also have keys on them to make the sound higher or lower.

Woodwinds Woodwind instruments got their name because they were once made from wood. Now, many woodwind instruments are made from metal and plastic. Woodwinds are also played by blowing air through a small hole. However, some woodwind instruments use a reed to make their sound. A reed is a thin piece of plastic or wood. It is placed into the mouthpiece of the instrument, and the player blows air over the reed into the instrument.

Percussion The percussion section is often found at the back of an orchestra because of the size and volume of their instruments. The percussion instruments help to keep the rhythm of the music. Types of percussion instruments include the xylophone, triangle, drum, chimes, and cymbals. One of the largest percussion instruments is the timpani drum, which looks like a large bowl covered with plastic or calfskin. Percussion players strike or shake their instruments to make a sound, which often vibrates for several seconds.

5


9. Kate is reading an article about instruments in an orchestra. She wants to know in which family is the cello. Under which heading should she look for this information?

A. PercussionB. BrassC. StringsD. Woodwinds

10. Under which heading would the author most likely talk about different types of drumsticks?

A. BrassB. WoodwindsC. PercussionD. Strings

I’m a Pepper

Dr Pepper is one of the oldest soft drinks in America. It all started in a small drug store in Waco, Texas.

The Original Pepper Charles Alderton was a pharmacist in Morrison’s Old Corner Drug Store. He liked making drinks for people at the soda fountain. In 1885, Alderton created a new drink called the Waco (pronounced Way-koe) after the city where he lived and worked. Later, the name was changed to Dr Pepper.

A Growing Business Very soon, other businesses with soda fountains wanted to buy the syrup to make Dr Pepper. The drink was so popular that a company was formed to make and sell Dr Pepper. The drink was finally introduced to the rest of the country at the World’s Fair in St. Louis, Missouri, in 1904.

The Dublin Bottling Plant In 1891, not long after Dr Pepper was invented, a man traveling through Waco tasted the drink. Sam Houston Prim liked the drink so much he wanted to sell it. He owned a bottling plant in Dublin, Texas, and began making and selling Dr Pepper there. The Dublin plant is the only one that still makes Dr Pepper with real pure cane sugar.

Dr Pepper Museum The Dr Pepper Museum is in Waco. It is housed in the first bottling plant for the drink. The museum opened in May 1991. Visitors can see the first Dr Pepper bottles and advertisements. One million people have visited the museum.

6


11. Jake is reading an article about Dr Pepper. He wants to find more information about how Dr Pepper was first made. In which section would he find this information?

A. Dr Pepper MuseumB. The Dublin Bottling PlantC. A Growing BusinessD. The Original Pepper

12. Which sentence would best fit under the heading "Dr Pepper Museum"?

A. Charles Alderton experimented to find the right flavor for Dr Pepper.B. The bottling plant in Dublin is 80 miles west of Waco.C. Today, there are over 20,000 artifacts here for visitors to see.D. The Dr Pepper company was moved to Dallas in 1923.

The Unique Seahorse

Physical Description Seahorses can range in size from just over half an inch to 14 inches long. They swim upright in the water by moving their back fins. Seahorses can be several different colors, and they camouflage themselves well.

Eating Habits Seahorses eat other small sea animals. The seahorse’s mouth is a long snout, which it uses to suck in food. These animals have no teeth or stomach to digest their food, so everything the seahorse eats passes straight through its body. Because of this, a seahorse must eat almost nonstop just to stay alive. They can eat more than 3,000 shrimp a day.

Young Seahorses One of the most interesting things about seahorses is the way they have young seahorses. The male carries eggs in a pouch on the front of his body. The eggs grow for several weeks before they are hatched. A brood of young seahorses can range from eight to about 200.

Seahorse Endangerment In the wild, seahorses can live for up to five years. However, they do not adapt well to captivity. Seahorses are used in medicine in some countries, and they are also kept as pets. This can cause the number of seahorses in the world to drop dramatically.

13. Henry is reading an article about seahorses. He would like to know how seahorses hunt for food. Under which heading would he find this information?

A. Eating Habits

7


B. Physical DescriptionC. Seahorse EndangermentD. Young Seahorses

14. Which sentence would best fit under the heading "Physical Description"?

A. More than 25 million seahorses are traded each year.B. Their body shape makes it hard for them to swim.C. Seahorses hunt their prey before eating them.D. One way people can help is to not buy seahorses as pets.

Thomas Jefferson

Early Life _________________________________________________________________________

Revolutionary Leader _________________________________________________________________________

Presidency _________________________________________________________________________

Retirement ________________________________________________

8


_________________________

15. Sheila is reading an article about Thomas Jefferson. She wants to know more about his childhood. Under which heading would she find the information she needs?

A. PresidencyB. Early LifeC. RetirementD. Revolutionary Leader

16. Sheila is reading an article about Thomas Jefferson. Which sentence would most likely come under the heading "Presidency" in this article about Thomas Jefferson?

A. Upon his return from England in 1790, Jefferson became Secretary of State.B. Jefferson was the first president sworn into office in Washington, D.C.C. Jefferson studied law after graduating from the College of William and Mary.D. He was born on April 13, 1743, at Shadwell, the family farm in Virginia.

It's Time to Play

No matter what the weather is like or how many friends are around, there's always a way to be physically active and have fun. Here's how.

When It's Just You Are you alone? Try hopping on your bike, strapping on your skates, or grabbing your skateboard. Don't forget your helmet and pads! Or try jumping rope and counting how many times you can jump before you miss. Jumping rope is a great way to get aerobic exercise.

When There Are Two When you and a friend are hanging out, do you sometimes look for something to do? Practice playing some Ping-Pong or start a tennis tournament between the two of you. How about a little one-on-one in basketball or a race to see who's the fastest runner? You can also just turn on some music and invent a new dance to your favorite song.

When There Are Many If there are a bunch of kids looking for something cool to do, you're in luck! Lots of sports and games work well with a group of kids. Baseball, softball, basketball, soccer, and volleyball are good group games. There are other group games that you probably have played since you were little. How about tag or hide-and-seek?

9


When It's Cold Outside Brrr! It's a cold day and you're all bundled up, looking for some fun. Warm up fast and get those muscles moving by shoveling the snow off the driveway or the sidewalk. You might even offer to shovel the driveways or sidewalks for people in your neighborhood. Make some giant snow people or other snow creatures. Build an igloo or a fort, and store all your snowballs there.

When It's Hot, Hot, Hot Yikes—it's hot outside, everyone is sweaty, and your legs are stuck to the seat of the car. What do you do? Swim, of course! Race your friends or show off your underwater skill by doing a handstand. But don't forget the safety rules. Make sure there's an adult around to watch you! If you want to stay on land, you can have a water balloon toss with friends. Catch that balloon, or you'll get soaked!

And here's one thing not to do. Try not to say, "I'm bored. There's nothing to do." As you just found out, there's always something to do!This information was provided by KidsHealth, one of the largest resources online for medically reviewed

health information written for parents, kids, and teens. For more articles like this one, visit www.KidsHealth.org or www.TeensHealth.org.

©1995-2007. The Nemours Foundation

17. In which section of the passage would the author write about riding a sled down a snowy hill?

A. When It's Cold OutsideB. When There Are TwoC. When It's Hot, Hot, HotD. When There Are Many

18. Which sentence best fits under the heading "When It's Just You"?

A. Have a competition to see who can run the fastest.B. Sit on the couch and eat junk food while watching TV.C. Hit a tennis ball against a wall to practice your swing.D. Get some friends together and have a snowball fight.

19. In which section of the passage would the author write about staying safe in the heat by drinking plenty of water?

A. When It's Hot, Hot, HotB. When There Are ManyC. Where There Are TwoD. When It's Just You

10


20. In "It's Time to Play," why is there a heading before each paragraph?

A. to show the rules for the different activitiesB. to show what kind of activities will be listedC. to tell why it is important to play outsideD. to tell the steps for inventing a new game

When It’s Cold Outside

Are you often bored in the winter, when it’s too cold to go to the park or ride your bike? You don’t have to be! There are plenty of ways to stay busy during the winter months.

In the Kitchen Making hot cocoa or apple cider is one of the tastiest ways to stay warm. With a parent’s help, you can even bake an apple pie! The best part about cooking, of course, is getting to taste your creation when you are finished.

Let’s Play! Board games are another way to have fun inside, especially when you make it a friendly competition. You can invite friends over to play games like Monopoly and Scrabble.

Dance! Being inside all the time can leave you with lots of energy to burn. Why not turn on some music and dance around the house? You can make a conga line and go from room to room or have a contest to see who can create the silliest dance.

Be Artistic Making holiday ornaments can be a lot of fun. Use markers, paint, glitter, and glue to decorate your ornaments, and before you know it, the house will be filled with colorful works of art.

21. Under which heading would the author write about different types of soup?

A. Let's Play!B. Be ArtisticC. Dance!D. In the Kitchen

22. In "When It's Cold Outside," why are there headings above each paragraph?

A. to explain how to stay safe when going outside during cold weatherB. to tell about different dances that the reader can learn

11


C. to give instructions for making a cup of hot cocoaD. to share activities that can be done inside during the winter months

Hawaii

People _________________________________________________________________________

Land and Climate _________________________________________________________________________

Government _________________________________________________________________________

History _________________________________________________________________________

23. Travis is reading an article about Hawaii. He wants to know when explorers first landed on Hawaii. Under which heading would he find the information he needs?

A. Land and ClimateB. People

12


C. GovernmentD. History

24. Travis is reading an article about Hawaii. Which sentence would Travis find under the heading "Land and Climate"?

A. All the islands were formed by volcanoes built up from the ocean floor.B. In 2000, the U.S. census reported that Hawaii had 1.2 million people.C. The governor and lieutenant governor are the only elected state officials.D. The Polynesians were the first people to live on the Hawaiian islands.

History of Women's Suffrage

Suffrage is the right to vote. Women had to fight to get the same voting rights as men.

Beginnings of the Suffrage Movement ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Susan B. Anthony fights for suffrage ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Actions by Individual States ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

13


The 19th Amendment for the United States ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

25. Bianca is reading an article about women's suffrage. She wants to learn more about what Colorado did to give women voting rights. Under which heading would she find the information she needs?

A. Beginnings of the Suffrage MovementB. Actions by Individual StatesC. Susan B. Anthony Fights for SuffrageD. The 19th Amendment for the United States

26. Bianca is reading an article about women's suffrage. Which sentence would Bianca find under the heading "Beginnings of the Suffrage Movement"?

A. Anthony was arrested and fined for voting illegally in New York.B. A woman suffrage amendment was introduced in Congress in 1878.C. The first public appeals for women's suffrage came in 1848.D. In 1869, the Territory of Wyoming gave women the right to vote.

Say It with Candyby M.K. Terry

Introduction Right now, as you are reading this, the New England Confectionery Company (NECCO) is creating its famous Sweethearts Conversation Hearts for Valentine's Day. NECCO produces more than 8 billion candy hearts during the year. Every year they sell out.

The First Conversation Candy The very first conversation hearts were made in the mid-1800s. They looked completely different than they do today. Instead of being in the shape of a heart, these treats were folded into a shell-shaped candy. Messages were printed on very thin papers, rolled up, and placed inside.

Sweethearts Conversation Hearts Debut

14


Daniel Chase, brother of NECCO founder Oliver Chase, produced the very first conversation hearts in 1866. Daniel created a special machine that would press food dye letters on hard candies. This new candy was very popular at weddings. The candies had sayings like "Married in satin, love will not be lasting," and "Married in white, you have chosen right."

Modern Sweethearts Conversation Hearts NECCO began making the candies that we know today in 1902. The candies were not just heart shaped. They were also available on miniature baseballs, postcards, horseshoes, and watches. Original Sweethearts Conversation Hearts included sayings like "Be mine," and "Love you." Over time, the company updated the sayings to reflect popular sayings like "Dig me." In 2010, NECCO discontinued all the previous sayings and invited the public to help write new sayings. Some of the winners included sayings such as "Tweet me" and "Me + You." No doubt NECCO will continue to update the sayings on these timeless treats.

27. Which sentence would best fit under the heading "Modern Sweethearts Conversation Hearts"?

A. These candy hearts now contain sayings that sound similar to text messages or tweets.B. It takes more than six months to make the heart-shaped candies.C. The heart-shaped candies need to be preserved in special conditions.D. The candy hearts made for Valentine’s Day are sold out long before the special day.

28. In which section of the passage would the author write about the initial struggles of Daniel Chase?

A. Sweethearts Conversation Hearts DebutB. Modern Sweethearts Conversation HeartsC. IntroductionD. The First Conversation Candy

29. Which sentence would best fit under the heading of "First Conversation Candy"?

A. The brother of NECCO founder Oliver Chase was responsible for the writing of the messages on the candies.

B. Conversation hearts are among the best selling candies in the United States.C. In the beginning, these candy hearts were mostly popular at weddings.D. Conversation hearts have been around since the time of the Civil War.

30.

Johnson Space Center

15


History The Manned Spacecraft Center opened in 1963 in Houston, Texas. It was named the Johnson Space Center in 1973 to honor President Lyndon B. Johnson. The Johnson Space Center was established because the United States wanted to explore outer space. People who worked at the center managed America's first human spacewalk mission in 1965.

Mission Control Those working in Mission Control direct space flights. They control what happens on the space shuttle and make sure that it is safe for the shuttle to fly.

Astronauts The Johnson Space Center is also home to the astronaut corps. Those who want to become astronauts must complete about two years of training. As of 2009, about 321 astronauts have been chosen since the beginning of the space program.

Attractions Visitors to the Space Center can tour parts of the facility. They can also get a feeling of what it is like to be an astronaut and look at flight suits up close.

Why is there a heading above each paragraph? A. to help readers find information more quicklyB. to demonstrate how a space shuttle worksC. to tell the reader how to become an astronautD. to tell why it is important to explore space

The Tough Lives of Sea Turtles

At midnight, a full moon shines over the ocean. The water sparkles. The beach is empty. Then, a bit of sand starts moving! Creatures push up and scuttle toward the waves. Hungry birds snatch some of the baby sea turtles that struggle to make the risky trip to the sea. This is not some scary movie. It is a beach in Florida, where a nest of sea turtles has hatched.

The Fight for a Long Life Mother sea turtles lay their eggs on the same beach where they were hatched. Sometimes they have to travel thousands of miles. Two months later, the babies hatch. They race across the sand right away to start their sea life. Sea turtles can have long lives. Some are over 100 years old. They have to work hard and have a little luck to make it to the ocean without getting eaten. Lizards and raccoons eat the eggs they find in the sand. Sharks, crabs, and birds also eat baby turtles.

Scary Nets & Beach Buddies

16


Each year thousands of turtles drown in nets used to catch shrimp. Today, laws say that those nets have to have safety hatches. The hatches let turtles escape the nets. Do you want to help protect sea turtles? You can! Turtles sometimes mistake plastic bags in the ocean for jellyfish. When they eat the plastic bags, they die. Become a "beach buddy" to help the sea turtles. Keep their home free from trash.

31. Which sentence would best fit under the heading of "The Fight for a Long Life"?

A. Animals groups make people use safer fishing equipment.B. Sea turtles are most easily spotted on dark nights.C. Life can be dangerous for sea turtle babies that just hatched.D. Turtles may also eat balloons that fall in the ocean.

32. Which sentence would best fit under the heading of "Scary Nets & Beach Buddies"?

A. New buildings have replaced some of the beach areas where mother turtles lay their eggs.

B. The mothers have an instinct that tells her to go to the same beach every year to lay her eggs.

C. Adult sea turtles have few natural enemies, so if the babies make it to the ocean they can live a long time.

D. The Humane Society of the United States is making sure people use the safer fishing equipment.

Answers1. A 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. C 11. D 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B 16. B 17. A

17


18. C 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D

18

answers - mrseatonclass.weebly.commrseatonclass.weebly.com/uploads/3/2/1/7/32178559/23… · web...

Documents