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iUganda Coffee Development Authority - Annual Report 2012/2013

Volume 22, October 01, 2012 - September 30, 2013

ANNUAL REPORT

Volume 22

October 01, 2012-September 30, 2013

ii iiiUganda Coffee Development Authority - Annual Report 2012/2013 Uganda Coffee Development Authority - Annual Report 2012/2013

Volume 22, October 01, 2012 - September 30, 2013 Volume 22, October 01, 2012 - September 30, 2013

Making Uganda a Distinguished Producer of High Value Coffee

Uganda Coffee Development Authority ANNUAL REPORT 2010 - 2011

ii Making Uganda a Distinguished Producer of High Value Coffee

Uganda Coffee Development Authority ANNUAL REPORT 2010 – 2011

ii

Hon. Tress BucyanayandiMinister of Agriculture, Animal Industry & Fisheries

Hon. Dr Zerubabbel NyiiraMinister of State for Agriculture



iii

UCDA Board of Directors

Eng. Fabian TebeitaChairman

Hon. Gerald SsendaulaRepresentative of Coffee

Farmers

Hajji Ayub K. KaluleRepresentative of Processors

Mr. Silver OjakolCommissioner, External Trade,

Representative of MTIC

Mr. Hannington KaruhangaRepresentative of Coffee

Exporters

Mr. Robert Wagwa NsibirwaRepresentative of Coffee

Exporters

Mr. Valentine Okot OtanuRepresentative of Coffee

Farmers

Mr. Kenneth MugambeCommissioner: Budget, Policy

& Evaluation, Ministry of Finance

Mr. Henry NgabiranoManaging Director,

UCDA

Dr. Emily K. TwinamatsikoDirector General NARO

Representative of MAAIF

Dr. Hussein A. ShireRepresentative of

Processors

Mr. Fred LuzindaBoard Sec./Head of Finance

& Administration, UCDA

iv vUganda Coffee Development Authority - Annual Report 2012/2013 Uganda Coffee Development Authority - Annual Report 2012/2013


Mr. Robert Waggwa Nsibirwa Representative of Coffee

Exporters


Farmers

Mr. Perez Bukumunhe Board Chairman


Beatrice ByarugabaCommissioner, Crop Production &

Marketing

Mr. Fred Luzinda Board Secretary/Head of

Finance & Administration UCDA


Farmers

Mr. Henry NgabiranoManaging Director


Exporters

Mrs. Rose KatoRepresentative of Coffee

Processors

Mr. Silver OjakolCommissioner, External

Trade Representativeof MITC

Dr. Albert Musisi Assistant Commissioner,

Budget Representativeof MFPED

Hajj Ayub K. KaluleRepresentative of Processors

Making Uganda a Distinguished Producer of High Value Coffee iii

Uganda Coffee Development Authority ANNUAL REPORT 2010 - 2011



ii

Hon. Tress BucyanayandiMinister of Agriculture, Animal Industry & Fisheries

Hon. Dr Zerubabbel NyiiraMinister of State for Agriculture



iii


Eng. Fabian TebeitaChairman


Farmers

Hajji Ayub K. KaluleRepresentative of Processors

Mr. Silver OjakolCommissioner, External Trade,

Representative of MTIC


Exporters

Mr. Robert Wagwa NsibirwaRepresentative of Coffee

Exporters


Farmers

Mr. Kenneth MugambeCommissioner: Budget, Policy

& Evaluation, Ministry of Finance

Mr. Henry NgabiranoManaging Director,

UCDA

Dr. Emily K. TwinamatsikoDirector General NARO

Representative of MAAIF

Dr. Hussein A. ShireRepresentative of

Processors

Mr. Fred LuzindaBoard Sec./Head of Finance

& Administration, UCDA

TABLE OF CONTENT

LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................................ v

LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................................... v

FOREWORD ............................................................................................................................................ vi

ACRONYMS / ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................................................................. vii

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................... ix

CHAPTER ONE: COFFEE MARKET PERFORMANCE .................................................................................. 1

1.0 General Performance .......................................................................................................... 1

1.3 External Market ................................................................................................................... 3

1.3.1 Coffee Export Performance ................................................................................................. 3

1.3.2 Coffee Exports by Type and Grade ...................................................................................... 5

1.3.3 Realized Prices at Export Level ............................................................................................ 7

1.3.4 Export Performance by Individual Companies .................................................................... 8

1.3.5 Individual Coffee Buyers’ Performance .............................................................................. 9

1.3.6 Coffee Exports by Destination........................................................................................... 11

1.4 Internal Marketing ............................................................................................................ 13

1.4.1 Registered Post-harvest Industry Players ......................................................................... 13

1.4.2 Price Movements .............................................................................................................. 13

1.5 Global Outlook .................................................................................................................. 15

CHAPTER TWO: QUALITY AND REGULATORY SERVICES ....................................................................... 17

2.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 17

2.1 Quality Improvement ........................................................................................................ 17

2.2. Quality Assurance ............................................................................................................. 18

2.2.1 Cup Performance .............................................................................................................. 18

2.2.2 Coffee Referred For Reprocessing ............................................................................................... 20

2.3. Training and Competitions ................................................................................................ 20

2.4 Generic promotion, Value addition and Promotion of Domestic Coffee Consumption ... 23

2.4.1. Promotion of Domestic Coffee Consumption ................................................................... 23

2.4.2. Generic promotion of Uganda Coffee in the International Markets ................................ 24

2.4.3 Barista Championships ...................................................................................................... 25

2.4.5 Development of a Uganda Specialty Coffee Profile .......................................................... 26

CHAPTER THREE: COFFEE PRODUCTION PROGRAMMES ..................................................................... 28

3.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 28

3.1 Promotion of Planting Material Production ................................................................................... 28

3.2 Management of Diseases and Pests ................................................................................. 30

3.3 Promotion of Coffee Replanting ....................................................................................... 30

3.4 Coffee Rehabilitation ........................................................................................................ 31

3.5 Support to Coffee Development in Northern Uganda ...................................................... 32

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3.6 Promotion of Sustainable Coffee Production Initiatives ................................................... 33

3.7 Farmer Training and Extension Liaison ............................................................................. 34

3.8 Provision of Technical Extension Services and Quality Enhancement .............................. 35

CHAPTER FOUR: COFFEE RESEARCH ..................................................................................................... 36

4.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 36

4.1 Progress on Robusta coffee .............................................................................................. 36

4.1.1 Propagation of the 7 released CWD resistant clones by tissue culture ............................ 36

4.1.2 Multiplication of 7 released CWD resistant Robusta clones by cuttings .......................... 36

4.1.3 On-farm evaluation of potential high value lines of CWD resistant Robusta coffee ........ 37

4.1.4 Up-scaling of CWD resistant Robusta coffee clones ......................................................... 38

4.1.5 Characterization of Elite CWD Resistant Lines .................................................................. 38

4.1.6 Developing alternative technologies for managing major diseases ................................. 39

4.1.7 Developing alternative technologies for managing major insect pests ............................ 40

4.2 Surveillance of Black Coffee Twig Borer ............................................................................ 40

4.2.1 Specific identification of BCTB, and characterization of BCTB and ambrosia: .................. 40

4.2.2 Phytotoxicity and pathogenicty of Fusarium solani isolated from BCTB and its associated galleries to coffee plantlets ............................................................................................... 41

4.2.3 Host range studies: ........................................................................................................... 41

4.2.4 Evaluation of community based phytosanitary interventions for management of coffee twig borer. ......................................................................................................................... 41

4.2.5 Targeted and Community Based Search for BCTB Alternate Hosts .................................. 42

4.2.6 Screening pesticides for BCTB control .............................................................................. 42

4.2.7 Evaluating Effect of Shade on Insect Pests, Yield, Quality and Soil Fertility ..................... 43

4.2.8 BCTB Trapping Trials ......................................................................................................... 43

4.2.9 Germplasm Characterization, Conservation and Utilization............................................. 44

4.3.1 Evaluation of Arabica introductions from India for yield, quality and, diseases (leaf rust coffee berry disease etc.) .................................................................................................. 44

4.3.2 Evaluation of “Elgon A” Arabica coffee introductions for yield, quality and resistance against leaf rust, berry disease and other diseases .......................................................... 49

4.3.3 Generation and evaluation of Arabica coffee hybrids for disease resistance and other traits .................................................................................................................................. 51

4.3.4 Developing IPM packages for managing major diseases: Studies on diversity of the pathogen causing coffee leaf rust disease in Uganda. ...................................................... 51

CHAPTER FIVE: FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION ......................................................................... 53

5.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 53

5.1 Organizational Structure and Staffing ............................................................................... 53

5.2 Staff Recruitment and Selection ....................................................................................... 54

5.3 Staff Training and Motivational Schemes ......................................................................... 54

5.4 Staff Recognition and Awards ........................................................................................... 55

5.5 Board of Directors ............................................................................................................. 55

5.6 Compliance with Regulatory Frameworks ........................................................................ 55

5.7 Partnerships and Special Projects ..................................................................................... 56

5.8 Intergovernmental Meetings ............................................................................................ 56

5.9 Management of Assets ..................................................................................................... 57

5.10 Shared Corporate Value, Memberships and Subscriptions .............................................. 57

5.11 Field Visits under Monitoring and Evaluation ................................................................... 58

STATISTICAL APPENDICES ..................................................................................................................... 59

APPENDIX I: EXPORT PERFORMANCE BY INDIVIDUAL FIRMS BY MONTH IN 2012/13 -60 KILO BAGS . 60

APPENDIX II: 25-YEAR EXPORT PERFORMANCE SERIES BY TYPE & UNIT PRICE $/KILO (60 Kilo Bags) 61

APPENDIX III: COFFEE EXPORTS BY VOLUME AND VALUE 2008/09-2012/13 ...................................... 62

APPENDIX IV: COFFEE PROCUREMENT FIGURES IN 60-KILOGRAMME BAGS ....................................... 63

APPENDIX V: COFFEE EXPORTS BY BUYER BY MONTH 2012/13 ........................................................... 64

APPENDIX VI: COFFEE EXPORTS BY DESTINATION BY MONTH IN CY 2012/13 ..................................... 65

APPENDIX VII: EXPORT PERFORMANCE BY GRADE BY MONTH IN 2012/13 -60 KILO BAGS ................ 66

AUDITED ACCOUNTS ............................................................................................................................. 68

APPENDIX VIII: REPORT OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30TH SEPTEMBER 2013 .......................................................................................... 69

viii ixUganda Coffee Development Authority - Annual Report 2012/2013 Uganda Coffee Development Authority - Annual Report 2012/2013


LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Coffee Procurement by Type 2008/09-2012/13 in 60 Kg Bags ....................................................... 2 Table 2: Closing Stocks as on 30th September 2013 .................................................................................... 4 Table 3: Monthly Coffee Exports in 60 kilo bags and US$ ............................................................................ 4 Table 4: Comparative Coffee Export Grades and Unit Prices ....................................................................... 6 Table 5: Coffee Exports by Individual Companies CY 2012/13 ..................................................................... 9 Table 6: Performance of Individual Coffee Buyers Companies in CY 2012/13 ........................................... 11 Table 7: Main Destinations of Uganda Coffee in CY 2012/13 ..................................................................... 12 Table 8: Registered Post-Harvest Industry Players in CY 2012/13.............................................................. 14 Table 9: Realized Monthly Farm-Gate Prices UGX/Kilo .............................................................................. 15 Table 10: Evaluation Results of Coffee Samples by Quality Parameter ...................................................... 20 Table 11: Comparative Percentage of Clean Cups 2008/09-2012/13 ........................................................ 21 Table 12: Coffee Rejection 60 Kilo Bags 2008/09-2012/13 ........................................................................ 22 Table 13: Summary of Distinctive Characteristics of Uganda Coffee ......................................................... 30 Table 14: Progress on Tissue Culture Propagated 7CWDr Robusta Coffee Varieties 2012/13 .................. 41 Table 15: Cumulative BCTB Incidences in Phytosanitary Farms in 3 Sub-Counties in Central Uganda ...... 46 Table 16: On Station and on Farm Arabica Coffee Introduction Evaluation Trials ..................................... 49 Table 17: Plant Vigor for Arabica Coffee Introduction in Manafwa District ............................................... 50 Table 18: Arabica Coffee Variety Performance (Yield, disease resistance and quality characteristics) ..... 52 Table 19: Comparison of Arabica Coffee Varieties Response to CLR under Laboratory and Field Conditions ................................................................................................................................................... 53 Table 20: Performance of "Elgon A" Arabica Varieties at Kituza ................................................................ 55 Table 21: UCDA Staff in CY 2012/13 ........................................................................................................... 60

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Comparative Quarterly Coffee Procurement Figures 60 Kilo Bags ................................................ 3 Figure 2: Comparative Coffee Exports by Type CY 2008/09 to 2012/13 ...................................................... 5 Figure 3: Monthly Average Unit Prices by Type in CY 2011/12 and 2012/13 ............................................... 8 Figure 4: Export Destinations by Region in 60 Kilo Bags CY 2012/13 ......................................................... 14 Figure 5: Monthly Average Farm-Gate Prices Trends by Coffee Type in CY 2012/13 ................................ 16 Figure 6: World Coffee Consumption 2003-2013 ....................................................................................... 18 Figure 7: Resistance among Coffee Lines to Leaf Rust under Field Conditions in Kituza ........................... 51

FOREWORD I have the honor to present the Annual Report for the Coffee Year 2012/13. As we close the year, it is prudent to take stock of our efforts, recognize the enormous progress we have made to date, as well as the challenges we still face, and ensure that we are making the most of new opportunities to optimize the impact of our mandate for the benefit of the Coffee subsector. In this regard, the year was a pivotal one, marked by critical milestones and important developments ranging from approval of the National Coffee Policy by Cabinet in August 2013, to solidifying our commitment to scale up planting of coffee in traditional and new areas. The growth of the Coffee subsector has kept on an upward trend as the Board, Management and Staff have continued to register remarkable success in areas of Production, Quality, Research, Information dissemination, Generic Promotion and Domestic consumption. In the Coffee Year 2012/13, Uganda exported 3.58 million 60-kilo bags worth US$ 433 million up from 2.73 million bags worth US$ 393 million exported in Coffee Year 2011/12. As the Global Coffee industry world grapples with challenges of price volatility, changing weather patterns, pests and diseases, effects of climate change, I commend the Management and Technical team for their tireless efforts in taking forth the coffee development agenda. I also take this opportunity to extend my gratitude, on behalf of the entire Board and Management to Government, Development partners as well as the private sector for the technical and financial support accorded to boost the subsector development programmes. We are committed to continually measure and assess the impact of our work to ensure that good intentions and best efforts consistently lead to tangible improvements in livelihood of the Uganda’s society. But we certainly cannot do it alone. In order to fully reap the fruits of our effort, we need to enhance and expand our collaboration – with civil society, development partners and the private sector. Mr. Perez Bukumunhe UCDA Board Chairman

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ACRONYMS / ABBREVIATIONS 4Cs Common Code for Coffee Communities ABC Africa Barista Championship ACSS African Crop Science Society AFCA African Fine Coffees Association AGT Agro Technology Laboratory BCCCL Beijing Chenao Coffee Co. Ltd BCTB Black Coffee Twig Borer BCU Bugisu Co-operative Union BOD Board of Directors CBD Coffee Berry Disease CBN ASIC cDNA CWDr DNA

Community Based Nurseries International Conference on Coffee Science Complimentary Deoxyribonucleric Acid Coffee Wilt Disease Resistant Deoxyribonucleic Acid

CCTV CLR

Closed-Circuit Television Coffee Leaf Rust

FTF PCR RNA IDH ITC ITS

Feed The Future Polymerase Chain Reaction Ribonucleic Acid Sustainable Trade Initiative International Trade Centre Internal Transcribed Spacer

COREC Coffee Research Centre COSASE Committee on Statutory Authorities and State Enterprises CQI Coffee Quality Institute CWD Coffee Wilt Disease DFI District Farm Institute DSIP Development Strategy and Investment Plan ELLA Evidence and Learning from Latin America EU European Union FAQ Fair Average Quality GAPs Good Agricultural Practices GHPs Good Handling Practices GMPs Good Manufacturing Practices IACO Inter-Africa Coffee Organization ICA International Coffee Agreement ICC International Coffee Council ICO International Coffee Organization IDR Institute for Development Research IITA International Institute of Tropical Agriculture IPM Integrated Pest Management

JCRC Joint Clinical Research Center KARI Kawanda Agricultural Research Institute KIU Kampala International University KYU Kyambogo University LEAD Livelihood and Enterprises for Agricultural Development MAAIF Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry & Fisheries MC Moisture Content MoFPED Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development MoLG Ministry of Local Government MUK Makerere University Kampala NAADS National Agricultural Advisory Services NaCORI National Coffee Research Institute NARO National Agriculture Research Organization NES National Export Strategy NGOs Non-Governmental Organisations NTOH National Taste of Harvest NUCAFE Nation Union of Coffee Agribusinesses and Farm Enterprises OT Out-turn PFA Prosperity For All PMU Privatization Monitoring Unit PPDA Public Procurement and Disposal of Asserts Authority RFA Rain Forest Alliance SCAA Specialty Coffee Association of America SCAE Specialty Coffee Association of Europe SCAJ Specialty Coffee Association of Japan UCDA Uganda Coffee Development Authority UCTF Uganda Coffee Trade Federation UMA Uganda Manufacturers Association UNAA Ugandan North American Association UNADA Uganda National Agro-Input Dealers Association UNCC Uganda National Cup-Tasters Competition USAID United States Agency for International Development USDA United States Department of Agriculture WBC World Barista Championship WTO World Trade Organization ZARDI

Zonal Agricultural Research Development Institute

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OVERVIEW

In the UCDA Budget and Work plans for coffee year 2012/2013 the Authority implemented coffee development programs taking into account the current Government plans, namely: Development Strategy and Investment Plan (DSIP) of the Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) and the National Development Plan (NDP). The strategic objectives the Authority pursued were:

• Launching and operationalization of the National Coffee Policy and the National Coffee Strategy

• Production of clean planting materials

• Supporting coffee research and development

• Promoting coffee as a final product

• Promotion of domestic coffee consumption

• Enforcement of coffee regulations to enhance quality along the value chain.

• Efficient utilization of assets and resources and

• Maintenance of a motivated and result oriented workforce to implement the intended objectives.

COFFEE MARKET PERFORMANCE

A total of 3.58 million 60-Kilogramme bags (214,958 tonnes) of coffee worth US$ 432.69 million were exported to various destinations, up from 2.73 million bags (163,560 tonnes) of coffee worth US$ 392.70 million recorded in the previous year. The exports comprised 2.78 million bags of Robusta (166,889 tonnes) up from 1.904 m bags (114,251 tonnes) the previous year and 0.801 million bags (49,069 tonnes) of Arabica slightly lower than the previous year (0.82 million bags). Robusta fetched US$ 317.73 million and Arabica was worth US$ 114.97 million.

69% of total exports were shipped to European Union (EU) compared to 71% last year. Coffee exported to Sudan was 13% compared to 16% exported in the previous year 2011/12.

The weighted average price at export level stood at $ 2.01 per kilo US 39 cents lower than $ 2.40 per kilo realized in 2011/12.

A total of 54 exporting companies were registered during the year and 48 performed compared to 42 in the previous year. The best 10 companies had a market share of 73% compared to 81% the previous year reflecting reduced concentration at the exporter level during the year. At post-harvest level, 495 industry players were registered in the Coffee Year compared to 394 in the previous year.

QUALITY AND REGULATORY SERVICES

UCDA trained 1,954 farmers, traders and processors on coffee standards as per the coffee regulations, good harvest and post-harvest practices. Eleven (11) sensitization meetings on coffee regulations and Post-Harvest Practices were held in 9 districts for key value chain actors.

UCDA carried out five task forces in all regions to enforce Coffee Regulations. Twenty Four (24) primary processing factories located in Kasese, Rukungiri and Bushenyi were penalized due to malpractices and non- conformance to the Coffee Regulations.

The average cup quality improved in 2012/13 to 98.2% compared to 96.1% in the previous year. Notable improvement in the cup quality was registered for washed Robusta coffee at 98.3% from 98.1% in the previous year. Organic Bugisu Arabica maintained 100% clean cup quality.

A total of 139 participants were trained in defects’ identification, moisture determination, roasting profiles and techniques, flavor profiles, and liquoring. These consisted of 23 participants from the coffee industry, 17 from tertiary institutions and 99 field based quality controllers.

Thirteen (13) barista judges were calibrated by a team of judges led by international trainers. Two Barista judges were trained in Italy and Singapore to enhance the capacity to train and judge at local and international Barista events.

A total of 74 baristas (54 beginners and 20 practicing baristas) participated in the 6th Uganda National Barista Championship with Mr. Godfrey Batte emerging as the winner.

Ugandan Coffee was showcased in local trade fairs and exhibitions that included among others, the Uganda Manufacturers Association International trade show, World Food Day, Golden Jubilee independence show, Buganda Cultural Show at

xiv xvUganda Coffee Development Authority - Annual Report 2012/2013 Uganda Coffee Development Authority - Annual Report 2012/2013


Bulange, Mengo, Car boot sale organized by All Saints Church, Nakasero at Kololo airstrip, corporate league outings and a host of regional trade fairs.

At the International fora, UCDA showcased Ugandan coffee at the Ugandan North American Association (UNAA) convention, Specialty Coffee Association of Japan (SCAJ), Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA) and Specialty Coffee Association of Europe (SCAE). The Managing Director of UCDA was awarded a lifetime Quality award by Coffee Quality Institute for his work in supporting coffee science and quality improvement during the SCAA exposition in Boston, USA.

PRODUCTION

Promotion of Planting Material Production

• Distributed 19,500 Kgs of Elite Robusta and Arabica seed to community based nursery groups. This raised 39 million seedlings.

• In partnership with Hima Cement, 1,000Kgs of Arabica and 500 Kgs of Robusta seed were distributed to farmers in Kasese and Kamwenge Districts respectively generating 3 million seedlings for planting by the communities.

• Thirty five (35) Nursery operators were allocated CWDr 12,250 plantlets to establish mother gardens for subsequent generation of clones for expansion of the mother gardens. This brings the cumulative number of nursery operators to 80, with a total of 35,100 CWDr mother bushes established.

• Tissue Culture -50,200 CWDr plantlets were delivered for weaning and hardening.

Management of Diseases and Pests

• Held 34 Sensitization seminars, workshops and training on Black Coffee Twig Borer in 34 districts.

• Delivered 3,260 litres of chemical (Orthene – Imodacropid) and 180 kits for spraying against Black Coffee Twig Borer. A total of 4,121 acres of coffee were sprayed benefitting 2,367 Households.

• Established 34 demonstration sites to act as training centers for farmers especially on the management of the Black Coffee Twig Borer. A total of 34 gangs of 10 members each were trained on good spraying practices.

Promotion of Coffee Replanting

• Planted a total of 17.39 million seedlings under various initiatives, benefiting a total of 104,890 households;

Coffee Rehabilitation

• Rehabilitated 895 acres of coffee plantations by farmers through allocation of pruning kits to 80 farmer groups for community pruning.

• Held Farmer competitions in 25 districts, involving 1,250 farmers. The best 10 performing farmers per district were rewarded with various items such as hand pulpers, tarpaulins, drying trays and solar panels.

Support to Coffee Development in Northern Uganda

• Held 6 sensitization workshops and seminars for local leadership and other stakeholders to popularize coffee growing.

• Two farmers groups from Acholi and Lango sub Regions undertook a field tour of Western Uganda (Mityana, Mubende and Bushenyi).

• Of the 2.3 million seedlings raised by community based nurseries, a total of 1.929 million coffee and 0.645 million shade trees were planted, benefitting 4,840 households.

• Established 20 technology development sites to act as training and demonstration sites on new technologies.

• Conducted 3 workshops on Processing and market development. Besides, distributed 30 coffee drying trays, 272 tarpaulins to 45 farmer groups as a drive to improve quality at post-harvest.

• Sold 138.71MT of Kiboko by farmers at average prices of shs 2,000 – 2,200/Kg). There was an increase in the number of local buyers.

Promotion of Sustainable Coffee Production Initiatives

• Trained 10 Farmer groups on Organic and Fairtrade production practices in 10 coffee growing districts

• Supported 3 farmer groups with 4C Verification, preparation for Utz Certification and Eco-cert Certification

Farmer Training and Extension Liaison

• Undertook 5 inter regional field trips by farmers.

• Held 30 Coffee shows in 30 districts.

• Conducted 342 Seminars on coffee production, quality improvement and enforcement of coffee regulations with 30,560 participants

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• Aired 108 programmes (30 minutes each) on Radio in 5 Regions.

COFFEE RESEARCH

Progress on Robusta coffee

• A total of 6,839 rooted cuttings were generated of which 5,772 were given out to nursery operators for propagation of the 7 released CWD resistant clones by tissue culture

• Conducted on-farm evaluation of potential high value lines of CWD resistant Robusta coffee

• Up-scaling of CWD resistant Robusta coffee clones-151 clones have been thoroughly evaluated and from which 35 clones (the 7 varieties inclusive) were selected and advanced to on-farm trials.

• During the reporting period, germplasm plots of 651 entries from farms within Uganda and 125 genotypes introduced from Ivory Coast, which were planted at Kituza in the previous reporting periods, were maintained. Another set of data was collected from these trials on yield, response to diseases and growth parameters. 120 of the Kawanda collections which were planted at Kituza in the previous period were maintained. Rooted cuttings were raised for gap filling.

Progress on Arabica Coffee

• Over 30 isolates from major Arabica coffee growing regions have been collected and preserved under -20ᵒC at NaCORI bioscience laboratory.

• PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) amplification conditions for ITS1 (Internal Transcribed Spacer) and ITS4 primers for genetic diversity of Coffee rust pathogen have been fully optimized at NaCORI bioscience laboratory.

• Joint Clinical Research Center (JCRC) has been identified as a possible provider of cost-effective DNA sequencing services in Uganda.

FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION

In the Coffee Year 2012/13, Cabinet approved the National Coffee Policy in line with the Development Strategy and Investment Plan (DSIP), the draft National Agricultural Policy and the National Development Plan. In addition, UCDA upheld good

governance, practiced good HR Management, implemented good financial, asset management and auditing systems, and ensured compliance to procurement laws and guidelines. In keeping with the provisions of the Statute, UCDA guaranteed that its revenue was sufficient to meet its planned expenditure.

UCDA generated total revenue of UGX 15.688 billion to fund its programmes and activities and had a revenue expenditure of UGX 14.506 billion. Cess income, Government Contribution, Rent, Registration fees, and Interest earned on fixed deposits were the major sources of revenue.

The Authority maintained a total of 61 members of Staff on its structure, under the four departments of Production, Quality and Regulatory Services, Strategy and Business Development, and Finance and Administration.

Management recruited 12 members of Staff in the departments of Strategy and Business Development, Quality Control and Regulatory Services and Production.

Management together with the Parliamentary Committee on Statutory Authorities and State Enterprises (COSASE) and the Parliamentary Committee on Agriculture conducted field visits to Western, South Western and Central Regions.

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Mr. Jimmy Baluku, Principal Development Officer,

Western

Mr. Frederick Sewaya, Principal Development

Officer, Eastern

UCDA - Senior Staff

Mr. Fred Luzinda Board Secretary/Head of

Finance & Administration

Mr. Henry NgabiranoManaging Director

Mr. Samuel Samson Omwa, Principal Business

Development Officer

Mr. Appollo Kamugisha, Principal Developement Officer, South Western

Ms. Doreen Rweihangwe, Principal Quality Controler

Mr. Mike Maliro, Principal Development Officer,

Northern

Mr. Eliot AinomugishaHead, Procurement & Disposal

Unit (PDU)

Ms. Angelita Musimenta, Principal Human Resource Officer

Ms. Nina Nassuna Principal Accountat

Mr. William RugadyaPrincipal Internal Auditor

Mr. James Kizito-Mayanja, Principal Information Officer

Mr. Edward Lutakome Ssentamu, Principal Development

Officer, Central

Mr. Francis Chesang, Production Manager

Mr. Norman Mutekanga, Manager Strategy and Business

Development

Mr. Edmund Kananura, Quality & Regulatory Service

Manager

CHAPTER ONE: COFFEE MARKET PERFORMANCE

1.0 General Performance

The coffee year which ended on September 30th 2013, registered a total of 3.58 million

60-Kilogramme bags (214,958 tonnes) worth US$ 432.69 million which were exported to

various destinations, up from 2.73 million bags (163,560 tonnes) of coffee worth US$

392.70 million recorded in the previous year. The exports comprised 2.78 million bags of

Robusta (166,889 tonnes) up from 1.904 m bags (114,251 tonnes) the previous year and

0.801 million bags (49,069 tonnes) of Arabica slightly lower than the previous year (0.82

million bags). Robusta fetched US$ 317.73 million and Arabica was worth US$ 114.97

million.

A total of 2.468 million 60-kg bags of coffee (market share of 69% of total exports) were

shipped to European Union (EU) compared to 1.86 million bags (71%) last year. Coffee

exported to Sudan totaled 0.45 million bags (13%) compared to 0.43 million bags (or 16%)

exported the previous year 2011/12.

The weighted average price at export level stood at $ 2.01 per kilo US 39 cents lower than

$ 2.40 per kilo realized in 2011/12, $ 2.38 in 2010/11 and $1.67 in 2009/10.

The weighted average price for Arabica stood at $ 2.39 per kilo US cents 103 lower than

$3.42 per kilo realized in the previous year. Robusta weighted price was $1.90 per kilo US

6 cents lower than $1.96 per kilo last year. The lower realized export prices were in line

with global fundamentals which reflected high global supply, adequate inventories in

importing countries on one hand and increasing demand especially from producing and

emerging markets on the other, the economic meltdown in Europe notwithstanding.

1.1 Coffee Procurement

Coffee procurement in 2012/13 was 3.9 million bags, an increase by 25.6% from 3.1 million

bags (195,994 tonnes) in 2011/12. Robusta marketed production increased by 35.0%, from

2.2 m bags in 2011/12 to 3.0 m bags in 2012/13. There was a marginal increase of 2.2% in

Arabica, though it was an off-year characteristic of Arabica production. This is attributed to

1 COFFEE MARKETING PERFORMANCEChapter

2 3Uganda Coffee Development Authority - Annual Report 2012/2013 Uganda Coffee Development Authority - Annual Report 2012/2013


the newly planted Arabica trees coming into fruition coupled with a reduction in the

incidence of pests and diseases - Coffee Leaf Rust and Coffee Berry Disease. Table 1

represents marketed coffee (FAQ and Arabica parchment) to the export grading factories.

Table 1: Coffee Procurement by Type 2008/09-2012/13 in 60 Kg Bags

Coffee Year Coffee Type

TOTAL %-Age Change

Robusta Arabica Over Previous yr. Average 2,507,244 782,201 3,289,445 -

2012/13 3,004,763 908,109 3,912,872 25.64

2011/12 2,224,302 890,061 3,114,363 -4.66

2010/11 2,622,380 644,185 3,266,565 12.88

2009/10 2,076,557 817,319 2,893,876 -11.22

2008/09 2,609,518 650,029 3,259,547 -6.61

Figure 1 below shows quarterly coffee receipts at the export grading factories in the coffee

year 2012/13 as compared to 2011/12. Just like the previous year, coffee procurement was

highest during the last quarter (July-September), the main harvesting and marketing season

for Masaka and the South-western regions in spite of a drought especially in Mpigi and

greater Masaka region which affected its quality reflected in lower outturn compared to the

previous year.

Figure 1: Comparative Quarterly Coffee Procurement Figures 60 Kilo Bags

For the last three years, coffee procurement has exhibited a shift from a peak in Quarter one

and Quarter two to a peak in Quarter four and Quarter three. It is probable that the

2008/9 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 -00

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

60 K

G- B

AG

S

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

production from the southern hemisphere is on positive trend as result of newly planted

coffee.

1.2 Closing Stocks

Table 2 shows Uganda’s coffee balance as at the close of the year Oct/Sept 2012/13.

717,737bags of coffee (Robusta - 561,438 bags and Arabica – 156,299 bags) were in stock at

various levels within the supply chain, 90% of which was with exporters in various grades.

This was generally due to lower global prices on account of ample supply from most of major

origins and a lower demand from the traditional markets especially in Europe which

experienced an economic meltdown.

Table 2: Closing Stocks as on 30th September 2013

Oct 2012-Sep 2013 Coffee Type – 60Kg Bags Total Robusta Arabica

Opening Stock Oct 01, 2012 506,153 97,341 603,494 Total Production 3,004,763 908,109 3,912,872

Availability 3,510,916 1,005,450 4,516,366 Domestic Coffee Consumption 168,000 48,000 216,000 Exports 2,781,478 801,151 3,582,629 Closing Stock Sept 30, 2013 561,438 156,299 717,737

1.3 External Market

1.3.1 Coffee Export Performance The annual total coffee exports were 3,582,629 60-Kilo bags (214,958 tonnes) up from

2,726,249 bags (163,575 tonnes), a 31.4% increase from the previous year. The corresponding

value also rose by 10.2% from US $ 392.70 million in 2011/12 to $ 432.69 million in 2012/13.

Table 3 represents Uganda’s coffee export performance on a monthly basis in terms of

quantity and value during the year as compared to the previous year.



Table 3: Monthly Coffee Exports in 60 kilo bags and US$

MONTHS 2012/13 2011/12 %-Age Change

Qty Value $ Qty Value $ Qty Value $

G/ Total 3,582,629 432,694,059 2,726,249 392,698,138 31.41 10.18 October 178,024 23,495,286 215,285 31,106,808 -17.31 -24.47

November 224,396 28,966,727 227,177 34,095,283 -1.22 -15.04

December 243,181 30,464,232 241,661 36,902,863 0.63 -17.45 Qtr - 1 645,601 82,926,245 684,123 102,104,955 -5.63 -18.78 January 345,114 42,564,818 226,462 33,870,470 52.39 25.67

February 343,130 42,106,104 244,289 36,149,470 40.46 16.48

March 309,190 37,804,890 187,592 30,220,858 64.82 25.10

Qtr - 2 997,434 122,475,812 658,343 100,240,798 51.51 22.18 April 247,429 30,326,868 141,220 21,864,582 75.21 38.70

May 392,385 42,824,531

252,443 35,738,198 37.51 19.83 June 361,521 44,535,652 275,051 37,005,407 36.77 20.35 Qtr - 3 970,753 117,687,052 668,714 94,608,188 45.17 24.39 July 395,564 48,671,697 306,331 40,801,566 39.11 19.29

August 318,394 35,942,943 232,453 31,556,474 36.97 13.90

September 224,301 24,990,309 176,285 23,386,157 27.24 6.86

Qtr - 4 968,841 109,604,950 715,069 95,744,197 35.49 14.48

Figure 2 below, illustrates annual coffee export quantities by type – Robusta and Arabica in

bags during the past four (4) years. Robusta exports increased during coffee year 2012/13

compared to the previous year while Arabica exports reduced slightly on account of lower

global prices which forced exporters to stockpile in anticipation of high prices in the future.

This was also supported by a high stock level at the close of the season especially for Arabica.

Figure 2: Comparative Coffee Exports by Type CY 2008/09 to 2012/13

1.3.2 Coffee Exports by Type and Grade Table 4 illustrates coffee exports by type (Robusta and Arabica), grade and average realised

prices for each grade during the year as compared to 2011/12. The table shows increased

differentiation especially of Arabica coffee with distinct price premiums between

speciality/sustainable and conventional coffees. In Robusta, Organic Robusta fetched $ 2.38

per kilo and UTZ Robusta fetched $2.29 per kilo compared to Screen 18, a premium of 32

and 23 cents respectively. In Arabica, Sipi Falls fetched $3.62 compared to Bugisu AA in the

conventional market sold at $ 2.83, a price differential of 79 cents.

2,781,478

1,904,176

2,484,013

1,957,400

2,405,137

801,151

822,073

665,410

711,571

648,551

2012/13

2011/12

2010/11

2009/10

2008/09

-00 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 2,500,000 3,000,000

Coff

ee Y

ear

In 60-Kilogramme Bags



Table 4: Comparative Coffee Export Grades and Unit Prices

Coffee Type/Grade

2012/13 2011/12

Quantity Value US$/Kg Quantity Value US$/K

g TOTAL 3,582,629 432,694,059 2.01 2,726,249 392,698,138 2.40

ROBUSTA 2,781,47

8 317,728,861 1.90 1,904,176 223,976,023 1.96

Organic Robusta 5,494 784,848 2.38 6,770 841,500 2.07 Washed Robusta 25,730 3,533,330 2.29 10,239 1,377,595 2.24 Utz Robusta 2,310 264,873 2.23 990 137,545 2.32 Screen 15 Utz 990 114,154 1.92 Screen 18 295,061 36,499,544 2.06 236,315 30,471,309 2.15 Screen 17 104,346 12,604,626 2.01 85,100 10,783,739 2.11 Screen 15 1,516,428 178,315,267 1.96 941,857 116,726,527 2.07 Screen 14 2,720 286,592 1.76 5,700 671,036 1.96 Screen 13 360 51,472 2.38 334 39,762 1.98 Screen 12 530,403 59,304,584 1.86 325,877 37,967,855 1.94 BHP 1199 170,682 14,162,708 1.38 145,225 11,987,112 1.38 Other Robusta 126,954 11,806,863 1.55 145,769 12,972,044 1.48 ARABICA 801,151 114,965,197 2.39 822,073 168,722,105 3.42 Organic Okoro 17,810 2,609,242 2.44 3,414 733,219 3.58 Organic Bugisu 1,280 235,007 3.06 33,854 8,146,316 4.01 Mt. Elgon 16,019 2,788,190 2.81 Elgon A 1,630 263,848 2.70 Elgon A+ 12,361 1,986,453 2.68 Bugisu A+ 23,460 3,757,255 2.67 Sips Falls 3,536 765,117 3.62 Bugisu Premium 640 227,049 5.91 Bugisu RFA 1,120 207,832 3.09 Okoro RFA 320 59,260 3.09 Rwenzori 1,020 163,790 2.68 Supremo 2,520 576,194 3.81 Organic Wugar 2,448 660,396 4.50 Organic Drugar 4,910 755,732 2.57 6,478 1,445,068 3.72 Bugisu AA 96,116 16,317,235 2.83 72,306 17,292,782 3.99 Bugisu A 13,893 2,302,764 2.76 14,560 3,415,596 3.91 Bugisu PB 5,254 821,341 2.61 8,988 2,047,155 3.80 Bugisu AB 66,261 10,350,470 2.60 38,554 8,364,285 3.62 Bugisu CPB 17,660 2,466,042 2.33 2,480 617,901 4.15 Bugisu B 1,297 179,007 2.30 766 221,532 4.82 Bugisu C 1,518 197,732 2.17 2,480 645,719 4.34 Mixed Arabica 4,360 525,347 2.01 3,040 461,9O8 2.53 Wugar 54,093 7,825,804 2.41 44,264 9,813,030 3.69 Drugar 384,823 53,513,841 2.32 475,747 100,026,017 3.50 Other Arabica 72,410 6,873,886 1.58 109,534 14,489,846 2.20

1.3.3 Realized Prices at Export Level The weighted average price for the year stood at $ 2.01 per kilo, Cents 39 below the

previous year’s unit price of $ 2.40. The general negative price trend was exhibited

throughout the year in line with the International Coffee Organization (ICO) composite

indicator price. Arabica export prices averaged $ 2.39 per kilo compared to $3.42 last year

while Robusta lost 6 cents at $ 1.90 per kilo compared to $ 1.96 the previous year.

Figure 3 illustrates the monthly average prices for each type of coffee – Arabica and

Robusta – on a comparative basis. The annual weighted average for the coffee year was

lower at US$ 2.01 per kilo (Arabica – 2.39 and Robusta - 1.90) compared to US $ 2.40 per

kilo (Arabica - 3.42 and Robusta - 1.96) the previous year. This was due to global supply

increase attributed to production from major origins: Brazil and Vietnam, and a recovery in

Colombia. That notwithstanding, production in Mexico and Central America continued to

reduce on account of the coffee leaf rust.

The highest weighted average price for Arabica was realized in March 2013 when it reached

US $ 2.68 and the lowest in September (US$ 2.21). The highest price for Robusta was US$

2.20 per kilo in March 2013 and lowest in September 2013 at US $ 1.86 per kilo. The price

differential between Robusta and Arabica narrowed especially in the last quarter of the year.

Figure 3: Monthly Average Unit Prices by Type in CY 2011/12 and 2012/13

Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep -00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

In U

S $/

Kilo

2012/13 Arabica 2012/13 Robusta 2012/13 Wt .Avg Rob

2011/12 Arabica 2011/12 Robusta 2011/12 Wt. Avg Ara



1.3.4 Export Performance by Individual Companies A total of 54 exporting companies were registered during the year and 48 performed

compared to 42 in the previous year. The best 10 companies had a market share of 73%

compared to 81% the previous year and 80% in 2010/11 reflecting reduced concentration

at the exporter level during the year.

Table 5 shows the export performance of each company in terms of quantity (Robusta and

Arabica), percentage share and cumulative market shares.

Table 5: Coffee Exports by Individual Companies CY 2012/13

Exporting Company Quantity – 60 kg Bags %-age Market Share

Robusta Arabica Total Individual Cumulative Grand Total 2,781,478 801,151 3,582,629 100.00

1 Ugacof (U) Ltd 530,645 79,179 609,824 17.02 17.02 2 Kyagalanyi Coffee Ltd 249,023 125,078 374,101 10.44 27.46 3 Olam (U) Ltd 282,550 35,180 317,730 8.87 36.33 4 Kawacom (U) Ltd 127,415 93,568 220,983 6.17 42.50 5 Job Coffee Ltd 116,498 88,155 204,653 5.71 48.21 6 Kampala Domestic Store 199,914 199,914 5.58 53.79 7 LD Commodities 152,058 37,183 189,241 5.28 59.07 8 Savannah Commodities 153,649 32,445 186,094 5.19 64.26 9 Ibero (U) Ltd 150,309 10,960 161,269 4.50 68.76

10 Armajaro 105,496 38,011 143,507 4.01 72.77 11 Great Lakes Ltd 46,968 87,390 134,358 3.75 76.52 12 Export Trading Company 113,094 113,094 3.16 79.68 13 Ideal Commodities 93,190 9,380 102,570 2.86 82.54 14 Lakeland Holdings 54,668 47,822 102,490 2.86 85.40 15 Ishaka Commodities 52,046 660 52,706 1.47 86.87 16 Kamba Petroleum 40,349 11,911 52,260 1.46 88.33 17 Commodity Solutions 49,622 49,622 1.39 89.72 18 Nakana Coffee Factory 44,936 44,936 1.25 90.97 19 BESMARK Coffee Co. Ltd. 32,338 9,450 41,788 1.17 92.14 20 Risala (U) Ltd 17,590 15,300 32,890 0.92 93.06 22 Mbale Import & Exporters 5,577 26,119 31,696 0.88 93.94 23 Wabulungu Multipurpose 26,067 320 26,387 0.74 94.68 24 Ankole Coffee Producers 23,640 977 24,617 0.69 95.37 25 Ronald Bwambale 20,462 3,696 24,158 0.67 96.04 26 Coffee World 17,696 2,600 20,296 0.57 96.01

27 Kaweri Coffee Plantation 20,000 20,000 0.56 97.17 28 Bakwanye Trading Co. 3,242 16,190 19,432 0.54 97.71 29 KARAZ Coffee Factory 16,420 16,420 0.46 98.17 30 Ankole Coffee Processors 6,260 3,120 9,380 0.26 98.48

31 Kisuule & Sons 7,240 2,030 9,270 0.26 98.69 32 GERIOUS Ltd. 7,316 7,316 0.20 98.89 33 Select Services 6,700 6,700 0.19 99.08 34 Gumutindo Cooperative 6,020 6,020 0.17 99.25 35 Zigoti Coffee Works 5,291 598 5,889 0.16 99.41 36 Bukonjo Joint Coop. 1,520 2,350 3,870 0.11 99.52 37 NITUBASA 3,516 3,516 0.10 99.62 38 Kitasha Buyers 3,150 3,150 0.09 99.71 39 Banyankole Kweterana 2,574 2,574 0.07 99.78 40 Nile Highland Arabica 2,110 2,110 0.06 99.84 41 Kibinge Coffee Farmers 1,920 1,920 0.05 99.89 42 Shiba World Investment 1,132 1,132 0.03 99.92 43 Budadiri Arabica Coffee 960 960 0.03 99.95 44 Sebab Global Traders 320 320 640 0.02 99.97 45 Masai Tours Ltd. 320 320 0.01 99.98 46 KABUM Trading Company 320 320 0.01 99.99 47 Katuka 320 320 0.01 100.00 48 Bridge Commodities 105 81 186 0.01 100

Like the previous year, Ugacof (U) Ltd had the highest market share of 17% compared to

16% percent in 2011/12. This was followed by Kyagalanyi Coffee Ltd. with 10% (14%); Olam

(U) Ltd- 9 percent (12%); Kawacom - 6 percent (9%); Job Coffee Ltd. - 6 percent (6%);

Kampala Domestic Store – 6 percent (5%); LD Commodities - 5 percent (4%); Savannah

Commodities-5 percent (5%); Ibero (U) Ltd - 5 percent (9%); Armajaro Coffee Company-4

percent (2%)1.

Out of 48 exporters who traded during the year compared with 42 in 2011/12, 10 traded in

Robusta coffee only compared with 13 while 8 exported Arabica coffee only compared with

5 in the previous year.

1.3.5 Individual Coffee Buyers’ Performance Table 6 illustrates the performance of buyers of Uganda coffee during coffee year 2012/13

in terms of quantity and market share. The ten top buyers held a market share of 60% down

from 67% the previous year also reflecting reduced concentration at the buyers’ level. This

1 The figures in parenthesis represent the company’s market share in the previous coffee

year.



could indicate stability at the buyers’ level and an assurance of Uganda as a reliable origin.

As in the previous year, Sucafina had the highest market share of 16% up from 14% in

2011/12 and 13% the year earlier. This was followed by Olam International with a market

share of 8% compared to 11% the previous year and 8% a year earlier. Coex Coffee was

third with a market share of 6% compared to 3% the previous year. Ecom Agro Industrial

had a market share of close to 6% compared to 9% during the previous years. This was

followed by Bernhard Rothfos with 5% market share compared to 6% last year.

Table 6: Performance of Individual Coffee Buyers Companies in CY 2012/13

Buyers Quantity %-age Market Share

60-Kilo Bags Individual Cumulative Grand Total 3,582,629 100.00 -

1 Sucafina 569,669 15.90 15.90 2 Olam International 274,365 7.66 23.56 3 Coex Coffee 215,294 6.01 29.57 4 Ecom Agro Industrial 205,893 5.75 35.32 5 Bemhard.Rothfos 165,746 4.63 39.94 6 Socadec 156545 4.37 44.31 7 Louis Dreyfus 152,724 4.26 48.57 8 Aldwami 140,944 3.93 52.51 9 Armajaro 140,054 3.91 56.42

10 Volcafe 129,510 3.61 60.03 11 Icona Café 126,340 3.53 63.56 12 Abaco International 113,034 3.16 66.71 13 Alta heel 91,154 2.54 69.26 14 Cofftea Trading 83,500 2.33 71.59 15 Strauss Commodities 75,060 2.10 73.68 16 Oct Tunis 60,926 1.70 75.38 17 Konilkij 51,070 1.43 76.81 18 Vayhani 50,850 1.42 78.23 19 Hamburg Coffee 43,458 1.21 79.44 20 Guzman Global 42,458 1.19 80.64 21 Decotrade 38,871 1.08 81.72 22 Maison Jobin 33,470 0.93 82.66 23 Gebr West 32,942 0.92 83.57 24 NKG Bero Italia 30,742 0.86 84.43 25 Falcon Commodities 28,584 0.80 85.23 26 Luigi Lavazza 28,088 0.78 86.01 27 World Botanical 24,196 0.68 86.69 28 Africa Tea and Coffee 23,341 0.65 87.34 29 Bercher Coffee Consulting 22,791 0.64 87.98 30 Coffee Services 21,936 0.61 88.59 31 Others 408,780 11.41 100.00

1.3.6 Coffee Exports by Destination

The European Union, as in previous years, was the major export destination for Uganda

coffee. Table 7 represents Uganda’s coffee exports by destination during the year in terms

of volume and relative market shares. Close to 2.5 million bags of coffee (or 69% of total

exports) was shipped to European Union (EU) compared to 1.8 million bags (67%) last year.

Coffee exported to Sudan totaled 0.45 million bags (13%) compared to 0.43 m million bags

(or 16%) exported the previous year 2011/12. USA was the third with a market share of 5%

compared to 4% the previous year. Ecuador reduced its import market share during the

year from 2% to 1%. Coffee exported to African countries totaled 625,537 bags (or 18% of

total exports) compared to 491,682 bags (18%) in 2011/12. Tunisia became fourth largest

destination of Uganda coffee with a market share of 4% compared to less than 1% last year.

India was fifth with a market share of 3% almost similar to the previous year. Worth noting

is the continued penetration of Uganda coffee in the Asian market.

Table 7: Main Destinations of Uganda Coffee in CY 2012/13 Destination Quantity in 60-Kilo bags %-age Market Share

Robusta Arabica Total Individual Cumulative Grand Total 2,781,478 801,151 3,582,629 100.00 -

1 EU2 1,865,422 603,468 2,468,890 68.91 68.91 2 Sudan 430,253 23,754 454,007 12.67 81.59 3 USA 117,059 78,502 195,561 5.46 87.04

4 Tunisia 101,304 24,510 125,814 3.51 90.56 5 India 75,910 14,170 90,080 2.51 93.07 6 Ecuador 43,452 600 44,052 1.23 94.30 7 Morocco 33,858 2,254 36,112 1.01 95.31 8 Switzerland 19,929 13,974 33,903 0.95 96.25 9 Singapore 21,361 2,880 24,241 0.68 96.93 10 Russia 18,858 3,290 22,148 0.62 97.55 11 Japan 15,450 3,680 19,130 0.53 98.08 12 S. Korea 988 17,130 18,118 0.51 98.59 13 Israel 12,538 320 12,858 0.36 98.95 14 South Africa 2,750 2,860 5,610 0.16 99.10 16 Australia 2,240 2,890 5,130 0.14 99.25 17 China 3,930 780 4,710 0.13 99.38 18 New Zealand 2,440 640 3,080 0.09 99.46 19 Algeria 2,280 2,280 0.06 99.53 20 Middle East 2,240 2,240 0.06 99.59 21 Ukraine 1,134 1,020 2,154 0.06 99.65

2 Members of EU countries include: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, The Netherlands and United Kingdom.



22 Canada 960 510 1,470 0.04 99.69 23 Kenya 670 694 1,364 0.04 99.73 24 Taiwan 1,340 1,340 0.04 99.77

25 Saudi Arabia 1,330 1,330 0.04 99.80

26 Syria 1,280 1,280 0.04 99.84 27 United Arab Emirates 300 837 1,137 0.03 99.87

28 Vietnam 960 960 0.03 99.90 29 Asia 668 668 0.02 99.92 30 Lebanon 210 435 645 0.02 99.94 31 Jordan 640 640 0.02 99.95 32 Bahrain 353 353 0.01 99.96 33 Senegal 350 350 0.01 99.97 34 Albania 334 334 0.01 99.98 35 Croatia 320 320 0.01 99.99 36 Hong Kong 320 320 0.01 100.00

The market share of Ugandan coffee by continent was dominated by Europe, followed by

Africa, USA, North America, Asia, Latin America and Australia. Figure 4 illustrates the market

share of importers of Uganda coffee by continent in terms of number of bags and

percentages. In spite of economic meltdown in Europe, it continues to dominate Uganda’s

coffee exports.

Figure 4: Export Destinations by Region in 60 Kilo Bags CY 2012/13

Australia, 8,210, 0%

Africa, 625,537, 17% N/America,

197,031, 6%

Asia, 180,050, 5%

L/America, 44,052, 1%

Europe, 2,527,749, 71%

1.4 Internal Marketing

1.4.1 Registered Post-harvest Industry Players A total of 495 post-harvest industry players were registered in the Coffee Year compared to

394 in the previous year (table 8). This included 54 exporters, 32 export grading plants, 395

hulleries and 14 roasters.

Table 8: Registered Post-Harverst Industry Players in CY 2012/13 Industry Players 2012/13 2011/12 2010/11 2009/10 2008/09 Exporters 54 42 40 42 39 Export grading plants 32 30 32 19 19 Hulleries 395 308 327 300 301 Roasters 14 14 8 8 7 Total 495 394 407 369 366

1.4.2 Price Movements The farm-gate prices for Kiboko (dry Robusta cherries) Coffee averaged Shs. 2,050 per kilo

slightly higher than Shs. 1,840 a kilo the previous year (table 1.9). Clean coffee of Fair

Average Quality averaged Shs. 4,100 per kilo up from Shs 3,940/= the previous year. As for

Arabica parchment, there was a decline of Sh. 1,670 from an average of Shs. 5,970 per kilo

last year to Shs. 4,300 in coffee year 2012/13 (table 9). Unlike the previous year, monthly

average prices for Arabica parchment ranged from Shs. 4,000-4,700 per kilo during the year.

Just like the previous year, the highest price for Robusta Kiboko (dry unprocessed) was Shs.

2,250 per kilo in November, March and May while the lowest price was Shs. 1,800 in January

2013.



Table 9: Realized Monthly Farm-Gate Prices UGX/Kilo

2012/13 Robusta Arabica

Kiboko FAQ Parchment Oct – 2012 2,150 4,200 4,400 Nov 2,250 4,250 4,400 Dec 2,100 4,150 4,750 Jan – 2013 1,800 4,100 4,500 Feb 2,000 4,300 4,300 Mar 2,250 4,450 4,250 Apr 2,230 4,400 4,300 May – 2013 2,250 4,150 4,400 Jun 1,900 4,000 4,400 Jul 1,900 3,850 4,250 Aug 1,900 3,800 4,000 Sep – 2013 1,900 3,800 4,000 Average 2,050 4,100 4,300

Unlike in Coffee Year 2011/12 when Arabica prices plummeted, throughout the coffee year

2012/13 farm gate prices hovered in a tight range for both Robusta and Arabica. Narrowing

of prices between Robusta (FAQ) and Arabica parchment was observed as illustrated in

figure 5. The relatively stable farm gate prices could be attributed to ample supply in

importing countries as well as stiff internal competition among exporters as they strive to

meet their contractual obligations with their buyers. The narrowing differential between

Robusta and Arabica prices may pose a risk as buyers may opt for high quality Arabica

coffee in preference to Robusta.

Figure 5: Monthly Average Farm-Gate Prices Trends by Coffee Type in CY 2012/13

-00

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

Months

Pric

es U

GX

ROBUSTA KIBOKO ROBUSTA FAQ ARABICA PARCHMENT

Total global coffee production for year 2012/13 increased by 9.7% to 145.5 million bags

compared to 132.3 million bags in the previous year. Production in Africa increased by 16%

from 15.7m bags in 2011/12 s to 16.7m in 2012/13. This represents 11.5% of the total world

production.

The total volume of exports for the coffee year reached a total record of 111.1m bags, an

increase of 3.2% from the previous year. More significant increases in exports were in

Arabicas relative to the Robustas. Despite the higher export volume realized during the year,

the corresponding value estimated at US$ 19bn was an 18% decrease over the previous year.

World consumption continued to realize an upward trend reaching 142m bags in the

calendar year 2012. This growth is attributed to increased consumption in exporting

countries and emerging markets.

1.5 Global Outlook Coffee prices in 2013/14 are envisaged to be lower due to ease in supply tightness as a

good crop is expected from Brazil being an on-year in the biennial cycle characteristic of

Arabica production. Nonetheless, global prices will depend, to a greater extent, on the

weather in major coffee growing countries such as Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia and Indonesia.

Global production for 2013/14 is estimated at 145.7 million bags compared to 145.1 million

bags in 2012/13. This represents an increase of 0.4%. The global supply is likely to impact

negatively on global prices unless counteracted by a buoyant consumption growth or any

other supply shock in major origins.

Brazil’s coffee production for 2013/14 is estimated at 50.3 million bags while Vietnam’s crop

is estimated between 25-28 million bags according to various sources compared to 26.5

million bags in 2012/13. Indonesia’s production is estimated at 9.5 million bags. Colombian

production is expected to recover to 10 million bags in 2013/14. Central America is still hit

by the Coffee Leaf Rust and its production is not likely to recover in the coming year. It is

estimated at 16.9 million bags due to lower yields caused by the coffee leaf rust. India’s

production is estimated at 5.1 million bags.



The economic meltdown in the Euro zone, the main destination of Uganda coffee, may

affect the demand for Uganda coffee. Global prices are also likely to be low due to

adequate inventories in importing countries on account of higher exports in coffee years

2010/11 and 2011/12.

Global opening stocks for 2013/14 are estimated at 21.4 million bags in producing countries

and were 21.6 million bags in importing countries as at end of June 2013.

Nonetheless, a buoyant growth in global consumption estimated at 146 million bags in

calendar year 2012 growing at 2.1% per year may counteract the bearish outlook at the

beginning of the new coffee year 2013/14. Figure 6 shows a positive trend in global coffee

consumption from 113 million bags in 2003 to 146 million bags in 2013.

Figure 6: World Coffee Consumption 2003-2013

Source: ICO

CHAPTER TWO: QUALITY AND REGULATORY SERVICES

2.0 Introduction During the year, the programs of quality improvement and assurance, training and skills development, generic promotion, promotion of domestic coffee consumption and value addition were implemented.

Under quality improvement program, the quality of coffee in the field was evaluated in terms of out-turn; moisture content and screen size distribution were applied for quality evaluation. The quality of both Arabica and Robusta coffee at the primary processing level improved especially in moisture and bean size compared to the previous coffee year.

764 FAQ coffee samples (599 Robusta, 141 Drugar and 24 Wugar) were analyzed at exporter level using the grading certificate form 5. This high performance was achieved through increased inspection of FAQ deliveries at exporter level.

Evaluation of the coffees in the field reflected an improvement in out-turn and moisture content. The average out turn and moisture content were maintained above 65% and below the 14% limit respectively for both Arabica and Robusta.

A total of 3,288 industry players across the value chain were trained in Basic Quality Control; Barista training; training of coffee roasters and brewers; training of trainers in Robusta-R and Arabica –Q graders; farmers; and certification of Robusta and Arabica graders.

Under quality assurance, an improvement in the cup quality was registered reflecting an improvement in handling practices along the value chain.

On promotion of domestic coffee consumption, UCDA participated in 13 local trade fairs and exhibitions to showcase Uganda coffee. UCDA supported formation of university coffee clubs to attract the youth to participate in coffee activities such as barista championships and enhance coffee consumption.

UCDA continued with the promotion of coffee on the global market through participation in international trade fairs, exhibitions and maintaining promotional centers in China.

2.1 Quality Improvement UCDA trained 1,954 farmers, traders and processors on coffee standards as per regulations, good harvest and post-harvest practices. 11 sensitization meetings on coffee regulations and Post-Harvest Practices were held in Kasese, Mbale, Kanungu, Ntungamo, Rukungiri, Bushenyi, Masaka, Iganga, Mbale for farmer groups, traders, exporters, Local government officials, NAADS officials and Regional Coffee Extension officers.

2Chapter

QUALITY AND REGULATORY SERVICES



Evaluated 272 samples (204 Robusta and 69 Arabica) and the results were as reflected in the table below:

Table 10: Evaluation Results of Coffee Samples by Quality Parameter PARAMETER ROBUSTA DRUGAR WUGAR Moisture Content 13.4% 12.8% 12.5% >Screen 15 75.2% >Screen 16 72.9% 81.7% Out Turn 85.3% 83.3% 80.5% Defects 14.7% 16.7% 19.6%

The above results reflect an improvement in out-turn and moisture content. The average out turn and moisture content were maintained above 72 % and below the 14% limit respectively for both Arabica and Robusta.

UCDA licensed 54 exporters, 395 primary processors, and 14 roasters under the program of

inspection and registration of all players at post-harvest level. 44 exporters were for renewals

while ten new operators joined the trade namely: El Cafino, Besmark Coffee Co. Ltd, Ishaka

Quality Commodities, Ideal Commodities, Seab Global Traders, Karazi Coffee Factory Ltd,

Shiba World Investments, Gerious Ltd, Tradeco Africa Ltd and Crown Coffee Ltd.

In a bid to enforce Coffee Regulations, UCDA carried out five task forces in all regions.

Twenty Four (24) primary processing factories were penalized due to malpractices and non-

conformance to the Coffee Regulations. These were located in Kasese, Rukungiri and

Bushenyi. As a result of this, Good Practices and compliance to Coffee Regulations improved

and was evident in the results of the analysis.

Twelve (12) Coffee Quality evaluation reports with information on coffee quality across the

value chain were disseminated to stakeholders.

The Robusta Centre of Excellence Project was approved and attracted co-funding from aBi-

Trust.

2.2. Quality Assurance

2.2.1 Cup Performance The average cup quality improved in 2012/13 to 98.2% compared to 96.1% in the previous year. There was an improvement in the cup quality of washed Robusta coffee to 98.3% from 98.1% in the previous year. The cup was well above the average for Natural Robusta (96.9%).

Post-harvest handling methods continue to pose a challenge, especially in dry processed coffee.

The organic coffees, Okoro Arabica (98.3%) and Robusta (100%) improved in cup quality compared to 2011/12. Organic Bugisu Arabica maintained 100% clean cup quality .This is attributed to increased capacity in wet processing in Arabica areas.

The Bugisu Arabica continues to show a high percentage of clean cups of an average 99.0%. Bugisu AB scored the least (98.4%) while Bugisu AA scored the highest (99.6%) followed by Bugisu A at 99.1% and Wugar at 99.0%. The cup quality of Natural Arabica, Drugar, was 98.0% compared to 95.0% in 2011/12. This was attributed to general improvement in post-harvest handling practices within the entire value chain. Table 11 below gives the percentage of clean cups for each type of coffee and grade.

Table 11: Comparative Percentage of Clean Cups 2008/09-2012/13

TYPE GRADE 2012/13 2011/12 2010/11 2009/10 2008/09

Bugisu Arabica AA 99.6 99.2 100 100 99.6

A 99.1 97.1 98.3 98.4 100.0

AB 98.4 96.3 96.9 96.8 99.0

PB 98.9 94.7 96.0 95.6 94.5

B - - - - -

Other Arabica Wugar 99.0 96.5 100 100 99.4

Drugar 98.0 95.0 95.4 95.1 98.1

Natural Robusta Sc 18 98.1 95.2 95.9 95.7 94.8

Sc 17 97.2 95.7 96.7 96.5 96.2

Sc 15 96.9 95.7 98.5 98.2 95.6

Sc 14 96.7 93.2 95.4 90.3 96.6

Sc 13 96.2 95.5 94.3 94.1 95.6

Sc 12 96.0 95.2 97.5 97.4 95.8

Washed Robusta Washed Robusta 98.6 98.1 98.3 97.9 93.0

Organic Coffee Bugisu Arabica 100 100 100 100 97.6

Okoro Arabica 98.3 94.8 100 100 -

Robusta 100 95.1 100 100 100.0

Annual Average 98.2 96.1 97.7 97.3 97.1



2.2.2 Coffee Referred For Reprocessing In the year 2012/13, 33,579 bags were referred for reprocessing compared to 56,347 bags (2011/12). The highest quantity of coffee referred was due to low screen retention (54.1%) which affected Screens 18, 17 &15.

Table 12: Coffee Rejection 60 Kilo Bags 2008/09-2012/13 DEFECTS 2008/9 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 Percentage

Defects (2012/13)

1.Wetness 10,366 13,962 4,268 9,016 9,369 27.9 2.Discoloured/Blacks 7,646 3,070 3,500 7,607 4,201 12.5 3. Poor Retention 22,163 10,318 16,617 31,498 18,166 54.1 4.Floats/BHP - 2,052 1,582 3,775 1,200 3.6 5. Pods 1,308 2,709 1,503 2,761 450 1.3 6. Extraneous matter 920 1,234 984 1,690 193 0.6 TOTAL 42,403 33,345 28,454 56,347 33,579 100

2.3. Training and Competitions In 2012/13, a total of 139 participants were trained in defects’ identification, moisture determination, roasting profiles and techniques, flavor profiles, and liquoring. These consisted of 23 participants from the coffee industry, 17 from tertiary institutions and 99 field based quality controllers from Kasese, Mbale, Bushenyi, Ishaka, and Masaka.

In an effort to increase value addition and promotion of domestic coffee consumption, 39 Roaster and brewers were trained in Good Hygiene Practices, roasting and cupping.

13 barista judges were calibrated by a team of judges led by the international trainer, Mr. Mark Pierre. Two Barista judges were also trained in Italy and Singapore to enhance the capacity to train and judge at local and international Barista events.

A total of 74 baristas (54 beginners and 20 practicing baristas) participated in the 6th Uganda National Barista Championship. The winner and the runner up were Mr. Godfrey Batte from Africa Coffee Academy and Mr. Mark Okuta of Royal Suites respectively.

Coffee bazaar at Mitchell Hall (MUK)

Coffee promotion by Makerere University Coffee Club

University barista competitions were held under the flagship of Inter-University barista championship aimed at interesting the youth in coffee activities. 46 participants were trained out of which, 12 participated in the 3rd Inter-University Barista Championship held at Makerere University.

The first ever Uganda National Cup-Tasters Competition (UNCC) was held at the Serena Kampala hotel with 18 participants where the winner was Mrs. Ritah Kyamuhangire of UCDA. The first and second runners up were Ms. Faith Asaaji of Good African Coffee and Mr. Emma



Tumwesigye of LD Commodities Ltd respectively. The champion represented Uganda at the SCAE World 2013 cupper’s championships and emerged 14thout of 36 participants in Nice, France.

The 2nd essay and quiz competitions were conducted attracting 57 participants from universities. The topic was “The role of the youth in the coffee value chain”. The winning essays were displayed on the website for reference.

The R-Grading Certification trainings attracted 20 participants out of which, 12 were certified as Star cuppers. One Arabica assistant instructors’ certification course was held in January 2013 and attracted participants from the industry and other countries (Tanzania, Malawi, Kenya, Ethiopia, and Burundi). 10 participants were certified as Q-Assistant Instructors.

Assistant Instructors participants tasting coffee

One quality controller was attached to Bernhard Rothfos, a coffee buyer in Hamburg-Germany and was trained in international trade techniques. The officer was equipped with knowledge on, Price/ Quality relationship, Price/ Risk management, roasting techniques, warehousing procedures and emerging market trends.

2.4 Generic promotion, Value addition and Promotion of Domestic Coffee Consumption

2.4.1. Promotion of Domestic Coffee Consumption Ugandan Coffee was showcased in local trade fairs and exhibitions that included the Uganda Manufacturers Association International trade show, World Food Day fair in Mbarara, Golden Jubilee independence show, Buganda cultural show at Bulange, Mengo, Car boot sale organized by All Saints Church, Nakasero at Kololo airstrip and regional trade fairs; monthly corporate league events held at Kyadondo Rugby club; Jinja Agricultural Trade show and six regional coffee shows in Ntungamo, Sironko, Manafwa, Kamwenge, Kabarole and Kibaale, under the Coffee Production Campaign. In these exhibitions, coffee bazaars were operated and literature containing UCDA’s mandate and benefits of coffee drinking were distributed. Local roasters were provided with exhibition space for display of their finished products. These exhibitions promoted coffee to local consumers.

UCDA recognized four best performers in the sub-sector who included, Star Café for market penetration, Café Pap for serving high quality coffee, Ankole Coffee Producers Cooperative for exporting high quality coffee, and 1000 Cups for promoting coffee and tourism. This initiative is geared towards promoting a culture of excellence in the coffee industry.

Four consumption promotions code named “Coffee on The Road “were held in Lira, Gulu, Rukungiri, and Kabale. The coffee shows attracted 1,570 attendees in total who were sensitized on the health benefits of coffee consumption. The interest in coffee consumption was recorded exhibited by the big numbers of attendees trying out coffee.

Presentations on Coffee and health benefits were made with expert facilitation by Dr. David Nini, a consultant with Strauss, Israel. In addition to that, a coffee and health talk show was broadcast on NTV and the expert handled questions related to coffee and health. The highlighted benefits included mitigation of Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, liver cirrhosis, Alzheimer’s disease to mention but a few. It was elaborated that coffee contains high levels of anti-oxidants which help the body to remain healthy. The stakeholders including medical practitioners, roasters, baristas, café operators, hoteliers and the press attended the presentation.

As part of the strategy to promote coffee consumption among the youth, two Coffee clubs were formed at Gulu and Mbarara Universities and UCDA participated in Coffee bazaars at Kampala International University (KIU), Kyambogo University (KYU) and Makerere University (MUK).



2.4.2. Generic promotion of Uganda Coffee in the International Markets UCDA continued to showcase Uganda coffee in international fairs. Coffee was exhibited at the 26th Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA) exposition in Boston, USA, which attracted 700 delegates. Ugandan coffee exports to USA were 187,929 bags an increase of 13.6% compared to CY 2010/11(162,350 bags). Six cupping sessions were held that attracted roasters, buyers and consumers from United Kingdom, USA, Belgium, Russia, China, Brazil, Jamaica, France, Yemen to mention but a few. Uganda. Coffee was appreciated and exports to USA and South America have increased. The contacts of interested buyers and importers were collected and given to stakeholders.

UCDA continued to promote coffee in the Specialty Coffee Association of Japan (SCAJ) in Tokyo, Japan and the 10th African Fine Coffees Conference and Exhibition in Kampala, Uganda. The awareness about Uganda coffee in Japan and the Far East increased.

The Managing Director of UCDA was awarded a lifetime Quality award by Coffee Quality Institute for his work in supporting coffee science and quality improvement during the SCAA. This was the 13th Award and was 1st to Africa.

UCDA Managing Director with the Lifetime Quality award

UCDA Booth at SCAA Exhibition in Boston USA

Coffee Cupping at SCAA – Boston USA

UCDA’s joint venture in China promoted coffee at the 112th and 113th Canton Fairs, Guangzhou Consulates Fair, Guangzhou Expo and Coffee Boutique, Guangzhou Food Expo, Lingnan Educational Centre. The Beijing Chenao Coffee Co. Ltd (BCCCL) developed a

Uganda documentary showing physical features, the Uganda coffee Industry and cafes that promote Uganda coffee in China.

The exports to China, Russia and Far East were 87,627 bags compared to 58,899 bags 2011/12. The exports to this region are expected to continue increasing mainly due to the promotional efforts of the promotional centre in Guangzhou.

Coffee exports to the Arab world were 621,312 bags claiming a market share of 17.3% of total exports. This has been as a result of coffee promotions in this region.

2.4.3 Barista Championships UCDA hosted the 6th Uganda National Barista Championship, which was presided over by the international judge Mr. Jay Caragay (USA) at the Imperial Royale Hotel, Kampala. The winner was Godfrey Batte from Africa Coffee Academy. He represented Uganda at the 4th Africa Barista Championship (ABC) in Kampala, Uganda. Uganda was the second to South Africa. At the 14th World Barista Championship (WBC) in Melbourne, Australia in 2013 Uganda was the 42nd out of 47 competitors.

The Ugandan Barista Champion competed at the 2nd Fushan Cup Barista championship, Hainan City, South China and emerged 12th with 428 points.

2.4.4 Development of protocols for the Fine Robusta Coffees for the specialty market

Workshops were undertaken to train in Robusta Fine coffee grading techniques and validate the R&Q protocols. 12 participants were trained as R-Instructors and 2 as Q-Assistant Instructors. Two qualified Ugandan trainers, Doreen Rweihangwe and Emmanuel Tumwesigye facilitated the Q-Graders training programme in Blantyre, Malawi. Facilitating in these trainings will enhance the process of developing Uganda as Centre of Robusta Excellence



2.4.5 Development of a Uganda Specialty Coffee Profile In order to promote Uganda coffee by origin, a coffee profiling program was conducted which involved the mapping out coffee production areas and describing their distinctive characteristics according to altitude, rainfall and soil type continued. In this program, 120 samples (53 Arabica and 45 Robusta) were drawn from Mt Elgon area; Kasese, Kisoro, Masaka and Kamuli were analyzed. The provisional cup analysis results were as follows:

Table 13: Summary of Distinctive Characteristics of Uganda Coffee

Location Type/Variety Processing method

Analysis results

Kasese 0°11’12.0”N, 30°05’17.0”E 3000ft (1000MASL)

Arabica/SL14 Natural Strong fragrance, medium acidity, body and flavour dominated by caramel, chocolate, peanut and fruity notes

Kisoro 1°17’06.0”S, 29°41’06.0”E 6200ft(1890MASL)

Arabica Washed Balanced with medium acidity, body and flavour with complex notes. Dominated by chocolate, caramel, citrus, nutty, dried fruits and vegetable notes.

Kapchorwa 1°24’00.0”N, 34°27’00.0E 5900ft (1800MASL)

Arabica Washed Strong Fragrance with High acidity, Light body and fair complex flavour with citrus, caramel chocolate, spicy, nutty, resinous, tropical fruit notes and a smooth fading aftertaste.

Masaka 00°20’24”S, 31°44’24”E 3900ft (1200MASL)

Robusta Natural Balanced with creamy mouth feel, strong fragrance, medium flavour dominated by caramel, chocolate, fruity and herbal notes with a fading

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aftertaste.

Kamuli 00°56’42”N, 33°07’30”E 3600ft (1100 MASL)

Robusta Natural Medium Fragrance, mouth-feel and flavour with pronounced caramel and chocolate, nutty, herbal and spicy notes.

The profiling project has developed four regional profiles and will further refine the descriptors to identify the unique coffee flavors from various regions. The results presented above are provisional and will be confirmed at the end of the project.

UCDA hosted the National Taste of Harvest (NTOH) competition where Robusta and Arabica samples were evaluated using the Specialty Coffee Association of America scale. Mt. Elgon Arabica has continued to excel with Kabum Specialty Coffee from Chebonet group scoring 85.29% followed by Sipi organic presented by Kawacom Ltd, UTZ and RFA certified (84.96%) and Mt. Elgon A –Kyagalanyi (84.43%). The coffee from Mt. Elgon is grown at an elevation of 1600-1900 meters above sea level (MASL) an altitude suitable for growing specialty Arabica coffee.

The winning Robusta coffee was from Masaka (elevation -1200 MASL) presented by Ugacof scored 82.94% and the runner up was Washed Robusta from Iganga (elevation 1120MASL) - Ugacof (82.41%). The coffee grown at higher elevations exhibits unique qualities because of low temperatures that encourage the formation of dense beans.

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CHAPTER THREE: COFFEE PRODUCTION PROGRAMMES

3.0 Introduction UCDA, in collaboration with other stakeholders, have continued to sustain implementation of the Coffee Production Campaign Initiatives. Successes so far attained continue to be consolidated in the UCDA Production programmes, and are tailored at achieving the production target of 4.5 million bags by 2018.

These programmes are aimed at increasing coffee production through generation of clean planting material and promotion of the re-planting programme. These programmes include;

• Promotion of generation and production of clean planting materials through tissue culture, seed sourcing, and support to Clonal propagation of the Coffee Wilt Disease Resistant lines for mass multiplication and distribution to farmers.

• Promotion of coffee replanting through support to community based and private commercial nurseries; and direct provision of seedlings to various farmer groups and special interest groups.

• Coffee Rehabilitation through improvement of yield of the old coffee trees by supporting specific lead farmers with demonstrations at various community locations for purposes of training; and direct support to willing farmers in rehabilitation through pruning, stumping and soil amelioration.

• Promotion of Coffee production in new areas especially Northern Uganda by integration of commercial coffee and banana production into the farming system.

• Promotion of Sustainable Coffee Production Initiatives through Good Agricultural Practices and certification, so as to increase the unit value of coffee at farm - gate level.

• Continued deliberate support and strengthening of Coffee Research by provision of financial, technical and material support.

• Promotion of collaborative participatory coffee extension with other stakeholders.

• Promotion of technical extension services in an effort to improve quality at post- harvest and ensure enforcement of the coffee regulations.

• Strengthening the functions and visibility of the Regional offices so as to provide better service to the Coffee stakeholders.

• Coordination and implementation of key activities under the coffee production campaign together with other stakeholders.

3.1 Promotion of Planting Material Production Under this programme, the objective is to create a sustained demand driven initiative in production of coffee seedlings, both using elite seed and vegetative cuttings. This involves provision of clean certified seed to various farmer groups and private commercial nursery

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COFFEE PRODUCTION PROGRAMMES



operators, support to nursery proprietors involved in vegetative propagation and sourcing Biotechnology services for mass multiplication of clonal material through tissue culture. Key achievements under this programme included;

• Distributed 19,500 Kgs of Elite Robusta and Arabica seed to community based nursery groups through Field Officers, Local leaders, Political leaders, organized farmer Associations and Exporter based farmer Groups. This raised 39 million seedlings.

Community Based Nursery in Kibaale District

• Through partnership with Hima Cement, 1,000Kgs of Arabica and 500 Kgs of Robusta seed were distributed to farmers in Kasese and Kamwenge Districts respectively generating 3 million seedlings for planting by the communities.

• In addition to multiplication of the CWD – Resistant lines at the Coffee Research centre, 35 Nursery operators were allocated 12,250 plantlets to establish mother gardens for subsequent generation of clones for expansion of the mother gardens. This brings the cumulative number of nursery operators to 80, with a total of 35,100 mother bushes established.

• Tissue Culture - with release of 7 new lines resistant to CWD, services were procured from the Private sector (AGT) for generation plantlets by Tissue culture. 50,200 plantlets were delivered for weaning and hardening. In addition, continued support was given to COREC to generate additional 18,259 plantlets, at the tissue culture laboratory at Kawanda.

• Buginyanya (Sironko District) and Zombo (Zombo District) Arabica seed gardens were supported to ensure sustainable source of clean and certified seed. These sites were able to generate 2,680 Kgs of seed.

• To ensure sustainability of re-planting programme, in the new coffee growing areas, especially in Northern and North eastern Uganda, support was provided to the seed gardens at Ngetta ZARDI (Lira District) and Serere ZARDI (Serere District). Ngetta ZARDI produced 600 Kgs of Elite Robusta seed. Serere ZARDI is yet to come into production.

3.2 Management of Diseases and Pests Although, there is a general widespread of disease and pest attack, the spread of the Black Twig Borer in Robusta areas was a major challenge.

Several interventions were put in place to address some of these attacks from; Black Twig Borer, Coffee Leaf Rust, Caterpillars, Stem Borers, Coffee Berry Borer and Red Blister Disease. This included:

• Recruited 8 District Coffee Extension Officers for diseases and pest management, especially the Black Twig Borer.

• 34 Sensitization seminars, workshops and training on Black Twig Borer in 34 districts.

• Aired 48 Radio programmes to create awareness, in addition to, posters/flyers. There is a widespread awareness of BCTB by farmers and local leaders.

• Delivered 3,260 litres of chemical (Orthene – Imodacropid) and 180 kits for spraying against Black Twig Borer. 4,121 acres of coffee sprayed benefitting 2,367 Households.

• Established 34 demonstration sites to act as training centers for farmers especially on the management of the Black Twig Borer. A total of 34 gangs of 10 members each were trained on good spraying practices.

• Provided additional support to Coffee Research to continue with surveillance and characterization of the Black Twig Borer. Some of the findings indicated that various shade trees (Albizia chinensis) are alternate hosts for Black Twig Borer.

3.3 Promotion of Coffee Replanting To ensure increase in coffee production, communities were mobilized for sustainable coffee planting. This involved planting seedlings that were raised under the community based nurseries, private commercial nursery initiatives and seedlings procured and supplied by UCDA and other institutions under various arrangements. The beneficiaries of these activities were; individual farmers, farmer groups, commercial farmers, exporter based farmer groups and farmers supported under various projects. The following were achieved;

• Planted a total of 17.39 million seedlings under various initiatives, and benefiting a total of 104,890 households;

o UCDA support to farmer groups, individual farmers and special interest groups – 6.46 million seedlings.



o Seedlings raised under the demand driven Community based nursery initiative and planted by members of the nurseries and other interest farmers groups – 3.322 million Seedlings.

o Collaboration with Civilian Veterans in the Luwero-Rwenzori zone a total of 5.0 million seedlings were planted

o NAADS, Local Governments - 3 million seedlings

o Non-Governmental Organizations, Community based Organizations – 0.438 million seedlings

o Commercial farmers – 0.37 million seedlings

3.4 Coffee Rehabilitation The objective of undertaking coffee rehabilitation was to improve coffee yield per tree from 0.5 kg to at least 1.0 kg of clean coffee. This is because most of the coffee trees are relatively old, and their productivity has greatly diminished. The initiative was to create awareness amongst farmers through, demonstrations, training and sensitization to stump and prune the old coffee trees, in addition to good agricultural practices and appropriate soil and water management practices.

• Rehabilitated 895 acres of coffee plantations by farmers through allocation of pruning kits to 80 farmer groups for community pruning. This was in recognition of the overgrown nature of the coffee and shade trees, and to speed up the process of stumping and pruning. Support was also given in provision of fuel and servicing of the pruning kits.

Good yields from Mbale District

• Held Farmer competitions in 25 districts, involving 1,250 farmers. The Competitions were initiated to speed up and encourage farmers to rehabilitate their coffee. The competitions were based on adoption and implementation of Good Agricultural

practices. The best 10 performing farmers per district were rewarded with various items (hand pulpers, tarpaulins, drying trays, solar panels).

• 70 farms were supported to act as demonstrations on sustainable soil management practices. This included establishment of tree nurseries, sensitization and training for farmers. Farmers were encouraged to use these sites as learning centers for adaptation to challenges related to climate.

• Supported 40 farmers with domestic water harvesting equipment (40 water tanks). This was to ensure available water for coffee and domestic use, besides acting as demonstrations to other farmers.

3.5 Support to Coffee Development in Northern Uganda UCDA continued to implement a strategy of promoting commercial coffee production in the nontraditional coffee areas, (New Coffee Areas). These areas amongst others included; Mid-Northern Uganda districts of Apac, Kole, Gulu, Kitgum, Lira, Pader, Oyam, Amolatar, Dokolo, Nwoya, Alebtong, Lamwo and Amuru.

The major goal was to create wealth and improve the welfare of the people in the non-traditional coffee growing areas through sustainable income and to ensure food security. It was envisaged that such an approach would provide a fallback position for coffee amidst Coffee Wilt Disease attacks in traditional coffee areas. To date 9.324 million seedlings have been planted benefiting 16, 283 Households.

The main objectives of the intervention were;

• Support adoption of production of coffee as a perennial cash crop grown on commercial basis in the Mid-Northern Uganda districts of Apac, Kole, Gulu, Kitgum, Lira, Pader, Oyam, Amolatar, Dokolo, Nwoya, Alebtong, Lamwo and Amuru.

• incorporate coffee/banana and cover crops farming in the existing farming system

The following activities were achieved during the year:

• Held 6 sensitization workshops and seminars for local leadership and other stakeholders to popularize coffee growing. A number of households have adopted coffee as a perennial crop.

• Two farmers groups from Acholi and Lango sub Regions undertook field tour of Western Uganda (Mityana, Mubende and Bushenyi). The objective was to create more effective awareness and knowledge in coffee value chain activities amongst their counter- parts in traditional coffee growing areas.

• Aired 15 radio sessions of 360 minutes on radios in the region. The messages address all activities along the coffee value chain.

• Formed 14 farmer groups and 2 associations. 7 – one day Workshops were organized to improve farmer group knowledge in managing groups and associations.



• Formed 150 community based nurseries and 128 were registered, with capacity of producing 20,000 seedlings. The seedlings’ survival rates improved to over 85%, except in cases of prolonged dry spell.

• Of the 2.3 million seedlings raised by community based nurseries, a total of 1.929 million coffee and 0.645 million shade trees were planted, benefitting 4,840 households.

• Facilitated 37 Farmer Field School (FFS) sessions for 652 participants.

• Ngetta seed garden was supported, and in addition 5 private seed suppliers were supported with seed processing equipment. Lututur prison farm was supported with 30 Kgs of Arabica seed, raising 60,000 seedlings.

• Established 20 technology development sites to act as training and demonstration sites on new technologies. These sites were also used as multiplication fields for banana suckers distributed to farmers for intercropping with coffee. 6,800 banana suckers distributed benefiting 132 households. This together with cover crops provides early incomes to coffee farmers besides catering for food security.

• Conducted 3 workshops on Processing and market development. Besides, distributed 30 coffee drying trays, 272 tarpaulins to 45 farmer groups as a drive to improve quality at post-harvest.

• Sold 138.71MT of Kiboko by farmers at average prices of shs 2000 – 2,200/Kg). There was an increase in the number of local buyers.

3.6 Promotion of Sustainable Coffee Production Initiatives As part of our strategy to improve value addition at farm level and support penetration to niche and specialty markets, support was given to farmer groups and/with organizations that are promoting sustainable coffee. This programme has achieved results mainly in the Arabica growing areas with several farmer groups involved in certification programmes (Gumutindo, Kawacom – Mt. Elgon; NIHACOFA – Zombo; Bukhonzo Joint – Rwenzori) The following were achieved under this initiative;

• Trained 10 Farmer groups on Organic and Fairtrade production practices in Kapchorwa, Kween, Sironko, Zombo, Kasese Bushenyi, Ibanda, Bulambuli, Kisoro and Nebbi districts. The training covered all aspects in sustainable coffee production systems.

• Supported 2 farmer group from Kabonera in Masaka district, with 4C Verification; and Kibinge in Bukomansimbi district in preparation for Utz Certification.

• The Memorandum of Understanding with the University of Florida was extended for 5 years. This shall allow further collaboration in soil analysis and other aspects on procedures under the NOP (USA) that shall allow export of organic coffee into the US market. Soil samples were collected from all Regions and are for analysis at the University of Florida.

• 230,000 coffee seedlings were given for planting by farmers under NIHACOFA and Ankole Processors.

• UCDA paid costs for Gumutindo Farmers’ Co-operative (Mt. Elgon) for Eco-cert Certification.

3.7 Farmer Training and Extension Liaison In collaboration with other stakeholders (National Agricultural Advisory Delivery Services (NAADS), Local Governments, and Civil Society Organizations (CSOs), regular trainings were carried out to improve farmer’s knowledge and skills.

• Undertook 5 inter regional field trips by farmers. The objective of the tours was for the farmers to learn and appreciate the practices of their colleagues in other regions. This helped in knowledge sharing and transfer, as better practices were identified and adopted by farmers.

• Held 30 Coffee shows in 30 districts. The main purpose of the coffee shows were to showcase better practices along the Coffee value chain and create interaction between farmers and other stakeholders, especially input suppliers. It was done in collaboration with other stakeholders under the coffee production campaign.

• Conducted 342 Seminars with 30,560 participants attending in all coffee growing districts. These trainings addressed all aspects of coffee production, quality improvement and enforcement of coffee regulations

• Aired 108 programmes (30 minutes each) on Radio in 5 Regions. Farmers were sensitized on various issues along the Coffee value chain with respect to farm activities and emerging issues such as disease and pest out- breaks.

• Held 12 National Steering Committee Meetings of the Coffee Platform. Presentations were received from several organizations with interest in Coffee; USAID FTF, IDH, ITC, PTC and Technoserve.

• Facilitated 20 district coffee platforms to sensitize farmers and processors on quality at post-harvest, and in collaboration with the National Steering Committee of the coffee production campaign, participated in deliberations of the Annual stakeholders’ Meeting

• Held the Annual Stakeholder Meeting of the Coffee Platform on 13th December. The presentations and deliberations centered on;

o Global and local coffee trends

o New information on the Black twig borer especially on alternate hosts and infestation levels

o new information on impact of climate change trends in the country and likely impact on coffee

o Awareness of available technology in geo- maps that capture production data and information, mapping using GIS

o Experiences from Technical visits to Vietnam, Brazil and Costa Rica – comparison on agronomy practices and policy frameworks; new trends and findings in Global Coffee Research



3.8 Provision of Technical Extension Services and Quality Enhancement

As part of the Quality improvement drive, programmes were put in place to ensure that quality aspects are upheld at post – harvest level, in addition to enforcement of the Coffee Regulations. The following were the achievements;

• Registered 332 Buying stores • Licensed 395 Primary Processing factories • Registered 1 Export Grading factory

• Held 20 Workshops for traders and buyers, attracting 314 processors and buyers

• Formed 4 Regional Task forces for Central, Eastern, South – Western and Northern Regions – the task forces carried out spot inspection of Stores and factories to ensure adherence to the Coffee Regulations.

• 6 Multi-Stakeholder Task Force implemented in eastern region (Busoga and Mt. Elgon Zone); South – Western and Central Regions. These Multi-stakeholder task forces made follow ups on implementation and adherence of the Coffee Regulations by Buyers and Processors in addition to sensitization. Punitive actions were taken on those found not adhering to the regulations.

CHAPTER FOUR: COFFEE RESEARCH

4.0 Introduction The Coffee Research Centre (COREC), with effect from July 1, 2013, evolved into the National Coffee Research Institute (NaCORI), which is a new NARO institute mandated to handle research for development in coffee. The progress made during the October 2012 to September 30, 2013 period builds on what was reported in previous years and therefore the report gives achievements made in the period but also highlights cumulative progress for some activities.

4.1 Progress on Robusta coffee Work on Robusta coffee revolved around the generation of planting materials of the 7 CWD varieties, distributing the planting materials to private coffee nursery operators designated by UCDA and technical backstopping to the nursery operators to improve efficiency in generating planting materials.

4.1.1 Propagation of the 7 released CWD resistant clones by tissue culture

NaCORI targeted to raise 10,000 rooted cuttings of the 7 CWD resistant Robusta coffee varieties between October 2012 and September 30, 2013. This was anticipated to be achieved through a well maintained and productive mother garden (source cuttings), developing a perfect protocol for rooting cuttings. The Institute therefore continued to properly maintain a mother garden of the 7 varieties at Kituza. 6,839 rooted cuttings were generated, of which 5,772 were given out to nursery operators. The remaining 1,067 rooted cuttings are still available at the nursery and ready for distribution. In addition, 9,384 new cuttings were harvested and planted under cages at the coffee nursery at Kawanda for rooting and we expect up to 60% outturn (5,630 plants), which will be given out to nursery operators in the first rains of 2014.

During the reporting period, the protocol for rooting and weaning variety KR4, which hitherto had been difficult to wean at early stages of weaning was improved further.

4.1.2 Multiplication of 7 released CWD resistant Robusta clones by cuttings

In the previous year, NaCORI had planned to generate at least 300,000 plants of the 7 commercial CWD resistant Robusta coffee varieties by September 30, 2012, using the tissue culture facility at Kawanda, but it was realized that this is not achievable within a year due to limited laboratory space, lack of appropriate weaning facilities and the need for more

4

ChapterCOFFEE RESEARCH



efficient protocols for in vitro regeneration of plantlets. Therefore in 2012/2013 the target was revised to at least 20,000 plants.

Progress towards this target is given in Table 14. Only 12,629 plants were generated. This was mainly due to fungal infection that killed over 15,000 plantlets. This problem is now being contained by disinfecting the media with soil fungicides as investigations into the causative organism(s) and their control continues.

The plants currently in the hardening shade shall be available for distribution to nursery operators from October 2013 to November 2013.

Table 14: Progress on Tissue Culture Propagated 7CWDr Robusta Coffee Varieties 2012/13 Variety Plants in

Poly Boxes

Plants in poly pots (Tunnel)

Plants in hardening

shade

Plants given out

Plants ready for

distribution

Total

KR1 128 622 225 11 16 1,002 KR2 1,953 3,134 675 303 14 6,079 KR3 1,797 52 17 525 166 2,559 KR4 124 106 05 0 12 247 KR5 98 80 13 0 10 201 KR6 676 56 88 225 78 1,123 KR7 1,114 211 35 50 08 1,418 Total 5,890 4,261 1,058 1,114 304 12,629

Note: KR1-KR7 = Kituza R1 – Kituza R7

Among other achievements under this activity are:

a. Attainment of 85-95% survival of plantlets in the composite weaning medium supplemented when disinfected with soil fungicides.

b. Provided sufficient leaves for explants to AGT Buloba for generating plantlets at AGT laboratory.

c. Optimization of in vitro protocols for generating plantlets of varieties KR4 and KR5 is still in progress

4.1.3 On-farm evaluation of potential high value lines of CWD resistant Robusta coffee

NaCORI conducts multi-geographical location trials of lines of CWD resistant Robusta coffee, with high value potential, to determine their adaptability in terms of yield, quality and resistance to major coffee diseases under different agro-ecological conditions within the Robusta coffee growing areas of Uganda. The studies also compare on-farm and on-station (at Kituza) performance of these lines and provide an opportunity to farmers to participate in selecting good varieties, which then creates a preamble for early and quick adoption of varieties when released.

Scientists collected more sets of data on diseases and plant vigor to build on the data collected in previous periods, for determining performance of 25 high value CWD resistant lines which were planted in trials in Mityana, Ibanda, Mukono and Kamuli districts in 2008. Analysis of the data on these parameters is on-going. From the observations, none of the lines in the trials has succumbed to CWD. In addition, insignificant incidence of CLR disease was observed on other lines included in these trials but red blister disease is significant on some lines such as “Unknown 11”.

Trials of 10 newly selected high value CWD resistant Robusta coffee lines, which were planted in Kayunga and Nakaseke districts, were gap filled. A new trial of the same materials was planted in Bukomansimbi district.

4.1.4 Up-scaling of CWD resistant Robusta coffee clones The national coffee program has a pool of over 1,500 CWD resistant Robusta coffee clones at Kituza, from which potential high value lines are selected after evaluation. Currently, only 151 clones have been thoroughly evaluated and from which 35 clones (the 7 varieties inclusive) were selected and advanced to on-farm trials. During this reporting period, yield, vigor and disease data were collected on another batch of 207 CWD resistant genotypes in the on-station field trials at Kituza. Samples were picked from 85 of them and submitted to UCDA for quality analysis. Analysis of the disease, yield and plant vigor data collected is still in progress at Kituza. Another batch of 144 clones which was planted recently was nurtured following good agronomic practices.

4.1.5 Characterization of Elite CWD Resistant Lines NaCORI is creating a core collection of Robusta coffee germplasm at Kituza with a safety backup collection at Bulegeni. All the old germplasm at Kawanda are being transferred to Kituza and Bulegeni and new ones are being introduced from forests (wild), farms in different parts of the country and outside the country. All the collections are to be evaluated and characterized using morphological and molecular traits and the data will be used in the effective utilization of the germplasm (direct selections as new varieties; provide complementary traits/genes for improving older varieties/other lines).

During the year, germplasm plots of 651 entries from farms within Uganda and 125 genotypes introduced from Ivory Coast, which were planted at Kituza in the previous reporting periods, were maintained. Another set of data was collected from these trials on yield, diseases and growth parameters. 120 of the Kawanda collections which were planted at Kituza in the previous period were maintained. Rooted cuttings were raised for gap filling.

DNA extraction for Molecular characterization of 41 high CWD resistant genotypes was completed and the fragment analysis is to be carried out at Nairobi Kenya at a later stage.



Robusta coffee samples collected from Zoka and Budongo forest are still being analyzed at Institute for Development Research (IRD) in France. Preliminary results show that Ugandan genotypes are completely different from other known groups.

A hundred (100) seedlings, which were collected from the forest undergrowth, were nurtured in the coffee nursery at NaCORI Kituza and will be planted in the germplasm plots in April-May planting period.

4.1.6 Developing alternative technologies for managing major diseases

Coffee wilt disease (Tracheomycosis) caused by the fungus Fusarium xylarioides is continuing to cause severe disease incidences on Robusta coffee in Uganda. Coffee wilt disease has no documented means of an early diagnosis. Currently diagnosis is largely symptomatic. There is therefore need to develop a method that is fast and fairly specific, to alert farmers about the presence of the fungus in the planting materials and in the soils of prospective coffee planting fields.

The purpose of the study was to develop fast, sensitive and specific molecular and immunological tools for detection of CWD pathogen in soil and plant parts, in order to foretell the spread of the disease, foster control of disease in nurseries and cleanliness of planting materials. The diagnosis would be based on molecular method using PCR and ELISA diagnostic methods3.

Serology (Immunology): Three proteins were extracted from the CWD pathogen and injected into rabbits to produce corresponding antibodies. Blood was got from the ears of the rabbits, clotted and the antibody which is found in the liquid part of the blood (Serum) was evaluated for specificity to CWD pathogen by western blot procedure. One diagnostic marker has been identified which has continued to produce specific antibody to CWD pathogen in rabbits. Two others are still under evaluation. Samples collected from Mbarara, Bushenyi and Ibanda to test for variation in the diagnostic protein. It is important to note that one protein now has been confirmed by western blot procedure for development into ELISA system.

However, there are still a number of gaps as outlined below;

• Collection of samples from other part of the country and two islands • Evaluation of the two new candidate proteins • ELISA construction and testing on field samples

Construction of both serology and molecular diagnosis for CWD pathogen is in progress. For serology, two more proteins have been identified and being evaluated before eventual construction of ELISA test for lab based diagnosis and simple format for direct field use. For molecular diagnosis, it is more specific and reliable than serology method. Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) has been extracted and synthesized into cDNA (Complimentary Deoxyribonucleic

3 Scientific method to detect specifically CWD pathogen in soil and plant parts

Acid). The cDNA will be cloned and expressed in bacteria to enable the gene responsible for the diagnostic protein to be identified and used as a probe (Primer) for PCR based diagnosis of the pathogen.

4.1.7 Developing alternative technologies for managing major insect pests

4.2 Surveillance of Black Coffee Twig Borer Country-wide surveillance for spread and impact of BCTB, conducted during 2011/2012, covered 25 coffee producing districts in most of western, south-western, north-western, northern, eastern and central Uganda. The salient findings were presented in the annual report for the period. The results confirmed the epicenter of the current out-breaks lies in the central districts of Mukono, Kayunga and Luwero. BCTB was observed in all the sampled districts in central and at least 50% of the districts in southwestern region but not in West Nile, Mt. Elgon and northern regions. Namayingo (mid-eastern region) did not have BCTB. Infestation was higher in central (58.0%) than southwestern region (22.1%). At district level, infestation was highest in Mukono and Luwero (100%) followed by Bundibugyo (62.5%) and lowest in Mpigi (10%). Similarly, the percentage of trees attacked (incidence) and percentage of bored twigs (damaged) were highest in Mukono (91.7 and 13.6% respectively) followed by Luwero (73.3 and 5.2% respectively) and Bundibugyo (44.8 and 4.8% respectively). Further analysis results from the data showed variations in source and level BCTB awareness among farmers. 34.1% of farmers mentioned the print and electronic media, 23.5%, farmer to farmer relays, while 17.3% benefited from extension services. In conclusion, the study revealed that BCTB has considerably spread to other Robusta coffee growing districts since its first reporting in Bundibugyo district, and later Mukono and Kayunga districts as its epicenter. The current 8.6% death of the twigs translates to 8.6% reduction in coffee production, and export volumes and value.

Consequently, a manuscript entitled “Pest status, damage and host plant utilization of the Black Coffee Twig Borer (BCTB), Xylosandrus compactus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Uganda” was presented at the 24th International Conference on Coffee Science, ASIC. November 11-16, 2012, San José, Costa Rica. A second manuscript entitled “Impact of the black coffee twig borer, Xylosandrus compactus (eichhoff) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and farmers’ coping mechanisms in Uganda” was presented at the 11th African Crop Science Society (ACSS) conference in Entebbe, Uganda during 14-17 October, 2013. A BCTB database has also been created at NaCORI Kituza.

4.2.1 Specific identification of BCTB, and characterization of BCTB and ambrosia:

Twig borers commonly attacking the primary branches of coffee in tropical Africa are scolytid beetles, either of the Hypothenemus, Xylosandrus or Xyleborus genera. They all belong to the family of the Hypothenemus borer, Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari, that commonly attack coffee berries in Uganda and elsewhere. However, a number of Xyalosandrus species have been recorded elsewhere.



Preliminary findings of genetic analysis on twig borer samples from Mukono, Rukungiri and Kanungu done at ICIPE (International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology) Kenya confirmed the twig borer damaging coffee in Uganda is indeed Xylosandrus compactus Eichhoff. Preliminary results of tests conducted at NaCORI show that the fungal material isolated from BCTB and its associated galleries from central Uganda is Fusarium solani (Martius) Saccardo. Homogeneity test for ambrosia conducted at Kituza, the ambrosia from different locations in Uganda exhibited homogeneity suggesting it is composed of a single fungal species.

During the period under review, further collection of twig borer and associated ambrosia fungus has been done in Mukono, Kayunga and Luwero districts. These are undergoing processing at NaCORI prior to submission for genetic analysis.

4.2.2 Phytotoxicity and pathogenicty of Fusarium solani isolated from BCTB and its associated galleries to coffee plantlets

The BCTB attacked twig normally wilts, dries and eventually dies within a few weeks. However, limited information on the actual cause of the wilting and eventual death of coffee twigs upon infestation by BCTB exists. It could probably be due to disruption of water and nutrient movement across the BCTB-infested galleries or due to phytotoxins produced by the ambrosia fungus. Several strains of Fusarium spp. have been reported to produce a number of phytotoxins such as: - fumonisins, moniliformin, fusaric acid, 2,5-anhydro-Dglucitol (AhG) and trichothecenes, T-2 toxins, HT-2, moniliformin, zearalenone, neosolaniol, naphthazarin among others. In fact, F. solani is known to be pathogenic to plants including coffee, causing cankers, root rots and wilts. Plantlets were inoculated with the fungus using wounding and drenching methods. However, preliminary results show that plantlets did not develop any infection symptoms after 105 days. This implies that the toxins produced by the ambrosia fungus associated with the BCTB collected from Kituza, central Uganda were not lethal to coffee plantlets, which is in contrast with field observations of affected plants reaction to BCTB attack. However, more studies on the phytotoxicity of the ambrosia fungus from the different agro ecological zones (AEZ) of Uganda need to be done.

4.2.3 Host range studies: Farmers in Uganda and elsewhere are currently relying on pruning and burning of infested branches or plants or removing them from the vicinity. However, this method requires a thorough knowledge of the host range and utilization of the pest in question. The occurrence of alternative hosts may influence the dynamics of this pest and thus complicate control strategies, particularly phytosanitary (cultural) methods. BCTB is highly polyphagous and has been reported to infest more than 224 plant species in 62 families including those listed as threatened and endangered. In Uganda, although BCTB was initially mainly reported on Robusta coffee, recent reports show that it attacks Arabica coffee as well.

4.2.4 Evaluation of community based phytosanitary interventions for management of coffee twig borer.

Community groups were formed in the sub-counties of Ntenjeru and Nabaale (Mukono district) and Nakaseke (Nakaseke district) to implement the phytosanitary interventions for BCTB control that included de-suckering, pruning and burning of infested coffee plant parts

and alternate host plants. The phytosanitary farms were periodically compared with the non-phytosanitary ones in order to establish the efficacies of the approach. Community participatory alternate hosts search was also conducted by the respective FFS (Farmer Field School) members.

The trials were set up at different times hence data has been collected over varying periods as follows: Over 9 months' period (Ntenjeru), 5 months period (Nabaale) and 3 months period (Nakaseke). Community mobilization was completed in all 3 study sites. All the 3 participating groups have been transformed into coffee farmers’ field schools as follows: Twekembe Coffee Farmers Field School (Ntenjeru), Nabaale Coffee Group FFS (Nabaale) and Kezimbira Coffee Farmers Field School (Nakaseke). Implementation of the evaluations was therefore done in the context of FFSs curricula.

Cumulative results clearly show application of phytosanitary recommendations caused decline in BCTB incidences in all the 3 test sub-counties (Table 15). Reduction in BCTB incidence was more pronounced in Mukono than in Nakaseke district probably due to differences in level of compliance with the recommendations.

Table 15: Cumulative BCTB Incidences in Phytosanitary Farms in 3 Sub-Counties in Central Uganda Mean incidence (%)

Ntenjeru (Mukono district)

Nabaale (Mukono district)

Nakaseke (Nakaseke district)

Phytosanitary farms 29 36 45 Non phytosanitary farms 69 80 57 Difference in incidence 40 44 12

4.2.5 Targeted and Community Based Search for BCTB Alternate Hosts NaCORI scientists conducted surveys for BCTB alternate hosts in several districts of western, south-western and central Uganda. Community groups in the sub-counties of Ntenjeru and Nabaale (Mukono district) and Nakaseke (Nakaseke district) were also mobilized to participate in the search for alternate hosts within their localities. In-vitro tests for alternate hosts have also been set-up in the screen-house at Kituza. 16 alternate hosts have so far been identified.

Alternate hosts so far reported by farmers include mango (Mangifera indica), Albizia spp., Cassia spp., Sodom’s apple (Solanum incanum), Meisiopsis emnii, Caleandra sp. and cocoa (Theobroma cacao). These are yet to be verified.

4.2.6 Screening pesticides for BCTB control Up to 48% BCTB infestation of coffee planting materials has been recorded in the nursery at Kituza implying nursery materials can be a serious vehicle of BCTB spread. Trials are being conducted in the nursery at Kituza on 6 selected insecticides with high systemic properties and moderate persistence in order to identify suitable insecticides for protection of coffee nursery materials against BCTB. The same insecticides are also being tested in the field on-station at Kituza in order to determine their efficacies of BCTB control under field conditions.



Replicated trials were established both in the nursery and in the field to compare the effects of Dursban, Thionex, Dimethoate, Imaxi, Malathion and Sumithion on BCTB population dynamics. The most effective insecticides together with the appropriate rates and frequencies of their application were to be determined and recommended for use by farmers.

4.2.7 Evaluating Effect of Shade on Insect Pests, Yield, Quality and Soil Fertility

Coffee production in Uganda is constrained by, among others, prolonged droughts, which drastically curtails productivity and quality of the coffee. Currently there is deliberate effort by the coffee development agencies in Uganda including NaCORI, UCDA, NAADS, NGOs etc., to promote inter-planting coffee with shade trees for mitigating effects of prolonged droughts and improve yield and the quality of the coffee bean and cup.

The purpose of this investigation therefore was to verify the effect of shade trees on coffee yield, bean and cup quality, disease and insect pests and soil properties that contribute to soil fertility.

The study, which involves on-farm and on-station components, was initiated in 2008, by a multi-disciplinary team. The on-farm studies involved imposing studies on an existing Robusta coffee farm located in Namugongo, which is inter-planted with Ficus natalensis and Albizia chinensisa as shade trees and later extended to other sites in Masaka. On station studies involved planting a new trial of CWD resistant Robusta coffee lines inter-planted with Ficus natalensis, Albizia chinensis and Gravellea robust shade trees.

4.2.8 BCTB Trapping Trials The development of BCTB Trapping technology for integration into the overall BCTB IPM package began in 2012 with traps modifications, selection of most effective attractants and evaluation traps placement positions on tree canopy. A modified trap designed from used water bottles was adopted using a combination of ethanol and methanol (Figures 1 below). McChartney vials were adopted as dispensers of the attractants in the modified traps. Preliminary trappings using the ethanol and methanol combinations consisted of BCTB, CBB and an assortment of coleopteran and lepidopteran insects. During the reporting period, focus was on identifying suitable attractants among the local potent gin, and evaluation of appropriate colors for BCTB traps. The local potent gin (Kasese-Kasese) appeared to have the same efficiency as commercial ethanol 75%. Color of traps did not notably influence the number of BCTB trapped.

4.2.9 Germplasm Characterization, Conservation and Utilization Generation and evaluation of progenies of CWD-R x CWD-S parents for yield, disease resistance, quality

NaCORI maintained a trial at Kituza of 29 specific hybrid progenies using the good agricultural practices of Robusta coffee. Data on diseases resilience, yield and growth, which were collected in the previous reporting period were analyzed. Basing on these results, 17 individual genotypes of high value potential were selected genotypes have been cloned to generate planting materials for planting in replicated trials. Green coffee bean samples were prepared from the selected genotypes and submitted to UCDA for cup quality analysis.

4.3 Progress on Arabica Coffee Research

4.3.1 Evaluation of Arabica introductions from India for yield, quality and, diseases (leaf rust coffee berry disease etc.)

Two lines of Arabica coffee, “selections 5 and 6” were planted out in field trials in 2009/10, alongside known locally available lines KP423, SL14, SL28, Bugisu local, NG9257 and Ruiru 11 as controls. The trials were established on-station at Kituza and on-farm in Kapchorwa, Manafwa, Nebbi and Zombo districts (Table 16), however, not all the varieties and/or trees established well in the first planting, which led to gap filling, even as late as 2010/11. Seed of “selection 5” was imported one year later. The lines are being evaluated for adaptation to Ugandan agro-ecological conditions in terms of yield, plant vigor, resistance against leaf rust, coffee berry disease, cup and physical bean qualities. The trials were/are variably managed by the farmers despite repeated plea by NaCORI scientists to the host farmers to manage the trials using good agronomic practices.

Evaluating BCTB traps of different colours for efficiency of BCTB trappings

Modified BCTB trap made up of a perforated mineralwater bottle and a Mc’Carthney vial dispenser

d



Table 16: On Station and on Farm Arabica Coffee Introduction Evaluation Trials Location Farmer Focus trait(s) Status of trial Mukono-Kituza NaCORI

on-station Resistance to CLR and red blister, and yield, cup quality, physical bean quality, plant vigor

Managed by Kituza. Well maintained. Started bearing in 2011/12 season. All data sets collected.

Sironko-Buginyanya

BUGIZARDI on-station-

Resistance to CBD, yield, cup quality, physical bean quality, plant vigor

Managed by host Research Institute.

Kapchorwa Four farmers


Managed by host farmers. One trial well managed, two trials poorly managed one trial abandoned by the farmer. Started bearing in 2013. Plant vigor data available for well managed trials.

Manafwa Four farmers

Resistance to CLR and red blister, and yield, cup quality, physical bean quality, plant vigor

Managed by host farmers. One trial excellently managed, two trials fairly managed and one trial poorly managed. Started bearing in 2013. Plant vigor data available for all trials.

Nebbi Two farmers

Resistance to CLR and red blister, and yield, cup quality, physical bean quality, plant vigor

One trial abandoned due to land wrangle and the second trial well maintained. Started bearing in 2012. Plant vigor data available.

Zombo Two farmers


One trial abandoned by host farmer and the second trial well maintained. Started bearing in 2013. Plant vigor data available

Coffee in most of the well managed trials has reached its first bearing

Analysis of data collected from the well maintained trials during the reporting period is in progress, however, a summary of growth parameter for the trials in Manafwa district is given in Table17. Green coffee bean samples are being prepared from these trials for quality analysis.

Table 17: Plant Vigor for Arabica Coffee Introduction in Manafwa District Variety HS GS IS NP LP IP BP BN NB CD H1 LA KP432 79.3 1.7 5.6 20.7 22.1 6.1 1.3 0.0 0.0 93.0 65.7 80.7 SLN 6 72.0 1.7 5.3 16.0 26.4 5.8 4.1 0.0 0.0 93.0 54.0 65.0 SLN 5 71.6 1.6 5.0 18.8 20.9 5.0 4.4 0.4 0.0 82.0 59.2 62.4 Bugisu local 69.3 1.4 5.6 16.3 21.5 5.5 1.3 0.3 0.0 69.5 52.3 58.3 Ruiru 68.1 2.0 4.1 24.7 23.9 4.0 14.6 2.7 0.0 96.1 61.6 81.1 SL14 47.0 1.2 4.1 12.0 14.7 5.6 1.0 0.0 0.0 59.0 37.0 47.0

HS = stem high, GS = Girth of stem, IS = number of internodes on stem, NP = number of primaries, LP = length of primaries, IP= number of internodes on primaries, BP = Bearing primaries, BN = Bearing nodes, NB = Number of berries per node, CD = canopy diameter, HI = height from first primary, LA = leaf area.

General observations from the trials show that Ruiru 11 was the most vigorously growing variety, an indication that it comes into flowering earlier than the other lines.

Yield, quality and response of the lines to diseases at Kituza are given in Figure 7. This being the first crop, the observed yields are too low and not representative for inference. The results show that the new introductions NG9257, Elgon CB and Indian selections 5A and 6, have outstanding resistance to CLR compared to the local check varieties. Local check genotypes SL34, SL28, KP423and SL14 were most susceptible under both field and laboratory conditions. Indian “selection 6” had a better bean density and organoleptic qualities than Uganda commercial varieties. This implies these lines have a potential for either direct use as new varieties or for improving other lines in the breeding program.

Figure 7: Resistance among Coffee Lines to Leaf Rust under Field Conditions in Kituza

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

Aug-11

Sep-11

Oct-11

Nov-11

Dec-11

Jan-1

2

Feb-12

Mar-12

Apr-12

May-12Ju

n-12

Jul-1

2

Aug-12

Sep-12

Oct-12

Nov-12

Dec-12

Months

Mea

n se

verit

y ELGON CBSELECTION 6NG9257SELECTION 5ASL28SL34KP423SL14



Tabl

e 18

: Ara

bica

Cof

fee

Varie

ty P

erfo

rman

ce (Y

ield

, dis

ease

resi

stan

ce a

nd q

ualit

y ch

arac

teris

tics)

SA

MPL

E Yi

eld

% R

ust

Inci

denc

e Sc

reen

17

Rete

ntio

n Be

an

Den

sity

A

rom

a Fl

avor

A

fter

Ta

ste

Salt/

A

cid

Body

Sw

eet

Bala

nce

Ove

rall

KP42

3 0.

1 41

.4

18

0.70

0 7.

500

7.33

3 7.

250

7.58

3 7.

417

10

7.33

3 7.

333

SL14

0.

5 33

.1

17

0.69

6 7.

639

7.63

9 7.

389

7.30

6 7.

639

10

7.38

9 7.

444

NG

9257

0.

3 0

16

0.68

1 7.

313

7.25

0 7.

157

7.03

2 7.

657

10

7.25

0 7.

282

SL34

45.4

18

0.

625

7.66

7 7.

583

7.58

3 7.

583

7.50

0 10

7.

500

7.16

7

ELG

ON

CB

0.7

1.9

16

0.70

3 7.

860

7.41

7 7.

167

7.41

7 7.

333

10

7.50

0 7.

500

SL28

55.6

17

0.

703

7.75

0 7.

500

7.50

0 7.

375

7.50

0 10

7.

500

7.50

0

Indi

an

sel.

6 0.

3 0.

9 16

0.

711

7.75

0 7.

750

7.50

0 7.

750

7.75

0 10

7.

750

7.75

0

Indi

an

sel.

5 0

0.8

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

P va

lue

<

0.0

01

Table 19: Comparison of Arabica Coffee Varieties Response to CLR under Laboratory and Field Conditions VARIETY %

INCIDENCE

MEAN SEVERITY (Scale: 1- 4)

REACTION TYPE

% INCIDENCE

MEAN SEVERITY (Scale: 0-9)

REACTION TYPE

FIELD ASSESSMENT LABORATORY ASSESSMENT KP423 41.4 1.5 MR 15.0 3.5 MR SL28 55.6 1.8 MR 45.0 5.2 MR NG9257 0.0 1.0 R 15.0 1.0 R SL34 45.4 1.6 MR 65.0 5.0 MR SL14 33.1 1.4 MR 50.0 5.2 MR Elgon CB 1.86 1.02 R - - - Selection 5A

0.8 1.0 R 25.0 2.4 R

Selection 6 0.9 1.0 R 10.0 2.0 R P-Value <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Incredible Yield at Bugusege Research Station



4.3.2 Evaluation of “Elgon A” Arabica coffee introductions for yield, quality and resistance against leaf rust, berry disease and other diseases

Data for yield, quality and response to leaf rust was collected from entries in the trial of “Elgon A” lines at Kituza. Results from the assessment (Table 20) shows that all test lines have yield far above our local varieties SL14 and KP423 except test lines D/12/12, A/4/13, D/11/11 and A/3/11. Test lines A/3/7, A/2/7, A/4/7, D/12/6 and E/13/3 yielded exceptionally well (2.5-2.6 tons per ha per annum). All the test lines were completely resistant to rust as compared to check/commercial varieties SL14 and KP423 that had infection of 3.3 and 2.2 respectively on a 1-5 severity scale. In terms of quality, all test lines had very good overall quality, with most of them better than current commercial lines. These results compare well with those of the previous reporting period where the lines highlighted in yellow were recommended for multi-location on-farm trials.

Tabl

e 20

: Per

form

ance

of "

Elgo

n A

" A

rabi

ca V

arie

ties

at K

ituza

SAM

PLE

Yiel

d kg

/cc/

ha

(3 y

r m

ean)

Rust

in

fect

ion

Scre

en

Size

Be

an

Den

sity

A

rom

a Fl

avor

A

fter

Ta

ste

Salt/

A

cidi

ty

Body

Sw

eetn

ess

Bala

nce

Ove

rall

Qua

lity

SL14

53

0 3.

3 17

0.

7 7.

6 7.

6 7.

4 7.

3 7.

6 10

.0

7.4

7.4

D/1

2/12

(Spe

cial

ty

.gra

de)

575

0 17

0.

7 7.

6 7.

8 7.

8 7.

8 7.

6 10

.0

7.9

8.1

KP 4

23

579

2.2

18

0.7

7.5

7.3

7.3

7.6

7.4

10.0

7.

3 7.

3 A/

4/13

58

3 0

17

0.7

7.6

7.4

7.6

7.7

7.6

10.0

7.

6 7.

6 D

/11/

11

755

0 16

0.

7 7.

8 7.

6 7.

6 7.

3 7.

8 10

.0

7.6

7.6

A/3/

11

767

0 18

0.

6 7.

5 7.

4 7.

3 7.

0 7.

8 10

.0

7.3

7.4

E/13

/9

1026

0

16

0.7

7.6

7.2

7.6

7.6

7.5

10.0

7.

3 7.

3 A/

3/13

10

65

0 18

0.

6 7.

8 7.

8 7.

8 7.

8 7.

5 10

.0

7.8

7.8

D/1

1/7

1403

0

16

0.7

7.5

7.5

7.3

7.3

7.8

10.0

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7.6



4.3.3 Generation and evaluation of Arabica coffee hybrids for disease resistance and other traits

• Collection of data for assessing F1 hybrid progenies for yield and resistance to leaf rust continued in on-station trials at Bugusege. Analysis of the different data sets is still in progress.

• A total of 1,137 seedlings belonging to 45 F1 hybrid progenies of crosses between commercial lines (KP423, SL14) or once commercial lines (SL28, SL34, Bugisu local) and rust and CBD resistant none-commercial lines NG9257, NG9258, NG9260, Ruiru 11, Rume Sudan and Hybrido de Timor (have poor cup quality), that were maintained in the nursery at Bugusege are yet to be planted in field trials.

• 478 seedlings belonging to 14 backcross one hybrid progenies of crosses involving Bugisu local, SL14, KP423, SL34 and SL28 as recurrent parents, are still being maintained in the nursery at Bugusege. The seedlings were meant to be planted out in field trials at Kituza and Buginyanya in April-May 2012 but have not yet been planted due to logistical constraints.

• New crosses were conducted at Kituza to generate more F1 and Backcross 1 hybrid progenies).

4.3.4 Developing IPM packages for managing major diseases: Studies on diversity of the pathogen causing coffee leaf rust disease in Uganda.

Coffee Leaf Rust (CLR) caused by Hemileia vastatrix (Berk. and Broome) is a serious impediment to Arabica and Robusta coffee production in Uganda. Preliminary studies conducted in Uganda and other coffee producing countries have confirmed the existence of several races of the CLR pathogen. These additional CLR races are more virulent to some

Blossoming coffee tree with pollinated flowers covered with pollination bags

Arabica hybrids in a field trial at Bugusege: They are very high yielding and resistant to leaf rust. But they have not yet been tested for resistance against CBD and for cup quality.

existing resistant coffee genotypes. There is need to generate more coffee varieties with durable resistance to the existing CLR races in order to curtail farm yield and quality losses. Studies to quantify genetic diversity and also determine the geographical distribution of existing CLR races in Uganda by use of molecular markers have been initiated at NaCORI.

Achievements

1) Over 30 isolates from major Arabica coffee growing regions have been collected and preserved under -20ᵒC at NaCORI bioscience laboratory. At the moment, sample collection has been accomplished in West-Nile (Zombo, Nebbi districts), Western (Kasese and Fort portal- (Mityana, Mukono and Mubende districts).

2) PCR amplification conditions for ITS1 and ITS4 primers for genetic diversity of Coffee rust pathogen have been fully optimized at NaCORI bioscience laboratory.

3) Joint Clinical Research Center (JCRC) has been identified as a possible provider of cost-effective DNA sequencing services in Uganda.

4) Interplanting coffee with shade trees for mitigating effects of prolonged droughts and improve yield and the quality of the coffee bean and cup.

4.3.5 Germplasm Characterization and Conservation

Characterisation, conservation and utilization of Arabica coffee germplasm

NaCORI continued to carry out various activities aiming at establishing an Arabica coffee germplasm at Kituza and Bugusege, with genotypes of known characteristics, ready for use in the breeding programme. The number of lines planted in the field collections at Kituza are now 117). 19 of the lines are entirely new to Uganda, introduced between 2008 and 2012. 5 lines (KP423, KP162, SL28, SL14 and Bugisu local)l are commercial lines in Uganda. 22 of the lines are clones of hybrids generated at Kawanda in the early 1970s.

All lines in these collections are still at different stages of evaluation and characterization. It has been noted that the collection is reach with lines of different complimentary traits that can be used in the variety development/improvement programme.



CHAPTER FIVE: FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION

5.0 Introduction In the Coffee Year 2012-2013, Cabinet approved the Coffee Policy in line with the Development Strategy and Investment Plan (DSIP), the National Agricultural Policy and the National Development Plan. In addition, UCDA continued to; uphold good governance, practice good HR Management practices, implement good financial, asset management and auditing systems, and ensure compliance to procurement laws and guidelines. In keeping with the provisions of the Statute, UCDA ensured that its revenue was sufficient to meet its planned expenditure.

UCDA generated total revenue of UGX 15.688 billion to fund its programmes and activities and had a revenue expenditure of UGX 14.506 billion. Cess income, Government Contribution, Rent, Registration fees, and Interest earned on fixed deposits were the major sources of revenue.

5.1 Organizational Structure and Staffing The Authority maintained a total of 61 Staff on its structure, under the four departments of Production, Quality and Regulatory Services, Strategy and Business Development, and Finance and Administration. Table 21 shows the distribution of Staff in the respective departments in the 2012/2013 Coffee Year.

Table 21: UCDA Staff in CY 2012/13 Department Title Number of staff

Office of the Managing Director

Managing Director 1

Principal Officers (Auditor and HR) 2

Executive Assistant 1

Driver 1

Finance and Administration

Board Secretary / Head Finance & Administration 1

Principal Accountant 1

Senior Officers (Procurement Officer & Accountant)

2

Administration Officer 1

Assistant Accountant 1

Executive Assistant 1

Accounts Assistant 1

Driver 1

5Chapter

FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION



Production Manager 1

Principal Development Officers / Regional Supervisors

5

Regional Coffee Technical Officers 5

Coffee Extension Officers 18

Driver 1

Quality and Regulatory Services

Manager 1

Principal Quality Controller 1

Senior Quality Controller 1

Quality Controllers 7

Laboratory Assistant 1

Strategy and Business Development

Manager 1

Principal Business Development Officer 1

Principal Information Officer 1

IT Officer 1

Market Analyst 1

Driver 1

TOTAL 61

5.2 Staff Recruitment and Selection In order to improve service quality and delivery across the country, Management recruited the following Staff:

• One (1) Principal Business Development Officer; • One (1) Quality Controller; • Two (2) Regional Coffee Technical Officers; • Eight (8) District Coffee Extension Officers for the Black Coffee Twig Borer Project.

5.3 Staff Training and Motivational Schemes The following staff benefited from various trainings and workshops;

• Fifty (50) staff trained in career resilience and personal finances management. • Fifty seven (57) staff in the new Monitoring and Evaluation System. • Five (5) Quality Controllers trained in Quality Management Systems. • Eleven (11) staff trained in Government procurement guidelines and procedures. • The IT Officer was supported to train in Microsoft systems certified engineering.

• One (1) staff participated in the Leadership training for Women in Coffee Programme. • Three (3) staff attended a workshop on government finance and accounting organized by

MoFPED. • The Procurement Officer attended a workshop in procurement best practices organized

by PPDA. • The Principal Information Officer participated in a 4-months global online network on

empowerment of small-scale farmers and also went to Peru for a study tour organized by ELLA (Evidence and Learning from Latin America) and Practical Action (UKAID).

• Production Manager undertook a field study in Costa Rica. • UCDA continued to offer motivational initiatives that uplift Staff to serve the community

better and to be socially responsible. Outstanding among its staff motivation initiatives, was the health care scheme that aims to improve employees’ health and that of their families.

5.4 Staff Recognition and Awards The UCDA Managing Director was awarded the Lifetime Quality Award for his work in supporting coffee science and quality improvement by the Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA). This was the Association’s 13th Award, and the Managing Director was the first recipient of the award on the African Continent.

UCDA recognized and rewarded members of staff with outstanding performance through the ‘Employee of the Year’ initiative. For the year 2013, Mr. Mugenyi Michael received the honor of the Employee of the year for his contribution to organizational efficiency and effectiveness.

5.5 Board of Directors The Board of Directors considered and approved the following;

• Annual performance reports for Coffee Year 2011-2012, • Establishment of a commercial office in Egypt with support from the Ministry of

Foreign Affairs, • Renewal of employment contracts for the Managing Director and the Principal

Information Officer, • Recruitment of a Principal Business Development Officer. • Utilization of funds for the prevention of the Black Coffee Twig Borer.

5.6 Compliance with Regulatory Frameworks Management complied with Government regulatory frameworks by periodically submitting programme performance reports to;

• The Office of the Prime Minister, • Office of the Auditor General,



• The Parliamentary Accountability Committees, • Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries, • Ministry of Finance Economic Planning and Development , • Public Procurement and Disposal of Assets Authority, • Privatization Monitoring Unit (PMU).

In the period, UCDA secured more budgetary support from Government towards planting material production and coffee replanting. The Authority received an unqualified audit opinion, and also maintained a very good performance rating with PPDA due to its compliance with procurement regulations.

5.7 Partnerships and Special Projects UCDA partnered with public organizations, the private sector and the donor community. Management liaised with Government agencies, academic institutions by sharing strategic information on the coffee sub sector.

Partnership with Hima Cement led to increased coffee planting in the Kasese and Kamwenge sub regions. The Authority further attracted funding support from aBi Trust towards planting material production, and got a funding approval from the same for the Center of Robusta Excellence (CORE) Project.

The partnership with Coffee Quality Institute (CQI) of America has been strategic in the development of Uganda’s capacity as an in-country partner for coffee quality improvement. Together with CQI, Q and R trainings were organized, and R graders were certified and calibrated. In addition, Robusta Protocols were reviewed.

In its continuous effort to promote sustainable coffee production, UCDA’s partnership with Uganda Organic Certification Limited (UgoCert) has ensured that coffee certification services are affordable and credible for farmers. The following farmer groups have been certified; Kawacom Sipi (Rain forest alliance), Zigoti (Japan Agricultural Standard), Ibero - Kikyusa (Utz), Ankole Producers (Organic / Fair Trade), Kawacom – Bushenyi (Utz /Organic), and Bukonzho Joint (Organic).

During the period, the Uganda Coffee Project (Phase II) was concluded. UCDA partnered with the Netherlands Trust Fund (NTF) in monitoring of the Project in the effort of making Uganda coffee compliant with international market requirements through value addition.

5.8 Intergovernmental Meetings At the International Coffee Council (ICO), Uganda held the Chairmanship for the Project Committee, and further participated in the 109th and 110th Council meetings. Uganda further participated in the ICO General meeting in September 2013.

Uganda participated in the 52nd Inter-Africa Coffee Organization (IACO) Annual General Assembly. At the meeting, the Ugandan candidate, Mr. Frederick Kawuma was appointed to the position of Secretary General.

5.9 Management of Assets A feasibility study on selected properties was completed and a Property Redevelopment Plan was documented with clear investment cost analysis for the following properties: Plot No. 20 Elizabeth Avenue, Kololo; Plot No. 9 & 11 Baskerville Avenue, Kololo; and Plot No. 181 & 183 Muteesa II Road, Ntinda. Regular maintenance and repair of buildings and equipment was undertaken. The following renovations were completed: Re-roofing Block 33 Bugolobi flats, exterior repainting of coffee house, repairs of the coffee house terrace, renovation of Plot 42 Windsor Crescent Kololo, and repairs at the Lugogo laboratory block.

Eight motorcycles were procured bringing the fleet number to 27. The fleet of 7 motor vehicles and 27 motor cycles were regularly serviced and maintained in good running condition.

To improve security of Staff, UCDA concluded the procurement process for the installation of Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) surveillance system at Coffee House.

5.10 Shared Corporate Value, Memberships and Subscriptions

UCDA continued to enhance its corporate social responsibility by partnering with institutions and supporting community causes that are for the common good. This was demonstrated through the following specific areas of focus:

• Internship program that benefitted 8 students from Makerere University Kampala, Christian University Mukono, Makerere University Business School and Kyambogo University. UCDA’s further maintained its presence and participation in corporate league activities.

• Provision of support towards the Children and Wives of Disabled Soldiers (CAWODISA) in raising coffee planting material and coffee farming as a means of income generation.

• Provision of free planting material to households in coffee growing districts. This is projected to increase production and so improve household incomes.

• Sharing packages of roasted coffee with members of the police force and prisons. • Membership subscription to several institutions; Café Mundi, Specialty Coffee Association

of America, (SCAA), Specialty Coffee Association of Europe (SCAE), African Fine Coffees Association (AFCA), Institute of Corporate Governance, Uganda Manufacturers Association (UMA), Africa Coffee Academy (ACA) and Federation of Uganda Employers.



5.11 Field Visits under Monitoring and Evaluation Management together with the Parliamentary Committee on Statutory Authorities and State Enterprises (COSASE) and the Parliamentary Committee on Agriculture conducted field visits to Western, South Western and Central Regions. The aim was to evaluate the coffee production and productivity programmes in the regions. The team visited the following districts; Bushenyi, Sheema, Bukomansimbi, Mityana, Gomba, Mubende, Masaka, Kalungu and Rakai. The Committees appreciated the coffee programmes but noted pest and disease prevalence, and the impact of climate change on coffee production.

Routine monitoring and evaluation in the 5 coffee regions was undertaken and reports written. Monitoring and evaluation exercises were done to measure the impact of coffee research, coffee production and productivity and, coffee promotion programmes. The monitoring and evaluation exercises were also undertaken to assess gaps in implementation that need strategic interventions.

STATISTICAL APPENDICES



60

APPE

ND

IX I:

EXP

ORT

PER

FORM

ANCE

BY

IND

IVID

UAL

FIR

MS

BY M

ON

TH IN

201

2/13

-60

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3529

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32,9

5529

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44,8

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42,4

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317,

730

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13,5

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4820

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8,00

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236

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11,5

7016

1,26

910

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582,

629

APPE

ND

IX II

: 25-

YEAR

EXP

ORT

PER

FORM

ANCE

SER

IES

BY T

YPE

&

UN

IT P

RICE

- $/

KIL

O (6

0 K

ilo B

ags)

Coff

ee Y

ear

Robu

sta

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bica

To

tal

Uni

t Pri

ce in

US

$ /K

ilo

Qty

V

alue

$

Qty

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Qty

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alue

$

Robu

sta

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A

vera

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pric

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88/8

9 2,

938,

860

273,

806,

235

175,

536

21,0

61,6

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3,11

4,39

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4,86

7,88

1 1.

55

2 1.

58

1989

/90

2,22

8,29

3 12

5,97

0,22

9 13

6,45

8 13

,615

,502

2,

364,

751

139,

585,

731

0.94

1.

66

0.98

19

90/9

1 1,

924,

319

105,

733,

784

160,

948

15,6

47,7

12

2,08

5,26

7 12

1,38

1,49

6 0.

92

1.62

0.

97

1991

/92

1,88

4,18

3 91

,742

,542

16

9,03

4 12

,813

,523

2,

053,

217

104,

556,

065

0.81

1.

26

0.85

19

92/9

3 1,

841,

510

90,5

76,1

48

247,

132

18,1

17,8

43

2,08

8,64

2 10

8,69

3,99

1 0.

82

1.22

0.

87

1993

/94

2,47

1,96

0 19

2,30

7,12

0 53

3,24

5 81

,351

,730

3,

005,

205

273,

658,

850

1.3

2.54

1.

52

1994

/95

2,28

4,10

9 33

8,76

2,35

4 50

7,64

4 93

,731

,757

2,

791,

753

432,

494,

111

2.47

3.

08

2.58

19

95/9

6 3,

762,

347

345,

136,

777

386,

456

43,7

79,3

80

4,14

8,80

3 38

8,91

6,15

7 1.

53

1.89

1.

56

1996

/97

3,78

9,01

3 28

8,85

8,90

6 44

8,10

1 66

,267

,735

4,

237,

114

355,

126,

641

1.27

2.

46

1.4

1997

/98

2,69

1,27

8 22

7,36

1,61

1 34

1,06

0 49

,112

,624

3,

032,

338

276,

474,

235

1.41

2.

4 1.

52

1998

/99

3,29

1,54

0 24

7,86

9,09

6 35

6,44

9 35

,126

,416

3,

647,

989

282,

995,

512

1.26

1.

64

1.29

19

99/0

0 2,

390,

682

121,

850,

127

526,

575

42,8

99,7

88

2,91

7,25

7 16

4,74

9,91

5 0.

85

1.36

0.

94

2000

/01

2,61

7,77

7 79

,703

,961

45

6,99

6 25

,072

,463

3,

074,

773

104,

776,

424

0.51

0.

91

0.57

20

01/0

2 2,

715,

955

64,4

96,8

20

430,

426

19,4

40,1

33

3,14

6,38

1 83

,936

,953

0.

4 0.

75

0.44

20

02/0

3 2,

221,

440

81,8

43,9

34

442,

448

22,9

43,1

60

2,66

3,88

8 10

4,78

7,09

4 0.

61

0.86

0.

66

2003

/04

1,97

9,35

3 82

,611

,561

54

3,68

9 33

,093

,283

2,

523,

042

115,

704,

844

0.7

1.01

0.

76

2004

/05

1,98

6,89

0 10

5,83

3,28

6 51

8,00

0 56

,262

,950

2,

504,

890

162,

096,

236

0.89

1.

81

1.08

20

05/0

6 1,

408,

314

103,

873,

269

594,

010

66,4

70,3

17

2,00

2,32

4 17

0,34

3,58

6 1.

23

1.87

1.

42

2006

/07

2,14

4,48

2 19

2,77

9,54

6 55

9,75

4 63

,801

,298

2,

704,

236

256,

580,

844

1.5

1.9

1.58

20

07/0

8 2,

713,

498

316,

060,

409

497,

105

72,3

37,7

93

3,21

0,60

3 38

8,39

8,20

2 1.

94

2.43

2.

02

2008

/09

2,40

5,13

7 21

2,84

8,98

0 64

8,55

1 78

,912

,759

3,

053,

688

291,

761,

739

1.47

2.

03

1.59

20

09/1

0 1,

957,

400

163,

484,

690

711,

571

103,

230,

931

2,66

8,97

1 26

6,71

5,62

1 1.

39

2.42

1.

67

2010

/11

2,48

4,01

3 29

4,60

6,04

5 66

5,41

0 15

4,28

4,62

5 3,

149,

423

448,

890,

669

1.98

3.

86

2.38

20

11/1

2 1,

904,

176

223,

976,

023

822,

073

168,

722,

105

2,72

6,24

9 39

2,69

8,13

8 1.

96

3.42

2.

4 20

12/1

3 2,

781,

478

317,

728,

861

801,

151

114,

965,

197

3,58

2,62

9 43

2,69

4,05

9 1.

9 2.

39

2.01

A

VERA

GE

2,43

2,72

0 18

7,59

2,89

3 46

7,19

3 58

,922

,507

2,

899,

913

246,

515,

400

1.26

1.

95

1.39



APPENDIX III: COFFEE EXPORTS BY VOLUME AND VALUE 2008/09-2012/13 QUANTITY IN 60-KILO BAGS; VALUE IN US$

GRADE 2012/13 2011/12 2010/11 2009/10 2008/09

QTY VALUE $ QTY VALUE $ QTY VALUE $ QTY VALUE $ QTY VALUE $

TOTAL 32,582,629 432,694,059 2,726,249 392,696,138 3,149,423 448,890,669 2,668,971 266,715,621 3,053,688 291,761,739

ROBUSTA 2,781,478 317,728,861 1,904,176 223,976,023 2,484,013 294,606,045 1,957,400 163,484,690 2,405,137 212,848,980

OCT 137,049 17,098,647 167,645 18,987,639 118,422 10,761,243 146,711 11,789,081 151,155 17,139,504

NOV 165,052 19,882,439 149,684 16,060,997 200,269 19,394,818 185,004 15,012,284 220,268 21,582,136

DEC 180,217 20,903,513 167,558 18,694,380 187,487 18,580,525 208,903 16,509,486 251,386 24,439,607

JAN 263,010 30,069,401 159,446 17,991,284 159,880 17,495,886 209,993 17,019,416 269,395 24,046,556

FEB 270,891 31,046,761 157,860 17,606,100 142,834 15,938,202 184,432 14,653,763 248,364 22,481,152

MAR 239,090 27,274,443 104,260 12,244,136 172,243 20,795,170 145,988 11,613,230 195,535 16,769,099

APR 190,212 21,736,112 70,758 8,563,982 129,578 15,844,878 91,882 7,242,599 142,893 11,754,995

MAY 287,932 33,282,174 168,233 20,193,776 193,356 24,484,235 105,498 8,641,248 158,341 12,875,835

JUN 284,425 32,197,294 215,940 26,844,583 306,392 41,108,666 173,598 14,644,776 209,503 17,194,480

JUL 318,731 35,312,780 235,689 28,873,154 334,502 44,052,764 210,977 18,950,466 215,767 16,910,898

AUG 258,704 28,533,797 172,506 21,472,939 257,823 32,059,107 170,178 16,056,668 203,986 16,433,983

SEPT 186,165 20,391,501 134,597 16,443,052 281,227 34,090,553 124,236 11,351,674 138,544 11,220,734

ARABICA 801,151 114,965,197 822,073 168,722,115 665,410 154,284,625 711,571 103,230,931 648,551 78,912,759

OCT 40,975 6,396,639 47,640 12,119,169 69,590 12,539,111 52,300 6,883,497 28,079 3,818,259

NOV 59,344 9,084,288 77,493 18,034,286 66,457 12,811,912 48,507 6,950,918 46,464 5,892,864

DEC 62,964 9,560,719 74,103 18,208,484 50,260 10,111,007 63,852 9,188,988 47,262 5,878,310

JAN 82,104 12,495,417 67,016 15,879,186 55,300 12,485,120 53,021 8,126,715 59,816 6,422,790

FEB 72,239 11,059,343 86,429 18,543,370 51,131 11,950,718 78,361 11,624,043 71,241 8,562,260

MAR 70,100 10,530,447 83,332 17,976,722 56,336 14,044,553 73,696 10,352,161 60,722 7,154,243

APR 57,217 8,590,756 70,462 13,300,600 45,962 11,152,999 60,758 8,303,960 62,832 7,304,272

MAY 104,453 14,817,094 84,210 15,544,422 54,104 14,771,417 71,882 9,592,094 62,279 7,290,706

JUN 77,096 10,614,273 59,111 10,160,825 64,532 17,112,925 61,358 8,376,326 44,523 6,016,435

JUL 76,833 9,808,267 70,642 11,928,412 41,671 10,376,649 55,238 8,581,474 49,800 6,453,488

AUG 59,690 7,409,146 59,947 10,083,535 50,916 12,193,492 47,106 7,645,086 56,250 7,128,798

SEP 38,136 4,598,809 41,688 6,943,105 59,151 14,734,721 45,492 7,605,669 59,283 6,990,335

APPE

ND

IX IV

: CO

FFEE

PRO

CURE

MEN

T FI

GURE

S IN

60-

KIL

OGR

AMM

E BA

GS

Mon

th

2010

/11

2011

/12

2012

/13

Actu

alAc

tual

Rob

usta

Arab

ica

Tota

lR

obus

taAr

abic

aTo

tal

Rob

usta

Arab

ica

Tota

l

Oct

120,

412

68,5

2918

8,94

115

5,16

750

,123

205,

290

151,

243

42,4

0019

3,64

3

Nov

212,

477

69,3

2328

1,80

016

0,01

265

,012

225,

024

180,

116

60,2

5224

0,36

8

Dec

230,

428

45,3

1127

5,73

917

0,23

569

,015

239,

250

190,

258

63,0

1525

3,27

3

Jan

165,

114

52,3

0021

7,41

416

0,01

268

,510

228,

522

280,

415

85,1

0236

5,11

7

Feb

160,

006

53,1

0721

3,11

316

5,00

990

,018

255,

027

260,

219

75,2

0033

5,41

9

Mar

155,

001

52,1

7620

7,17

710

6,10

585

,658

191,

763

240,

005

71,0

1831

1,02

3

Apr

165,

002

45,0

8921

0,09

175

,013

72,0

0914

7,02

220

1,50

560

,002

261,

507

May

200,

444

49,1

5024

9,59

419

0,21

595

,145

285,

360

300,

104

90,1

0239

0,20

6

Jun

321,

793

53,0

8736

7,10

025

2,14

880

,146

382,

294

310,

184

87,1

0639

7,29

0

Jul

360,

901

54,1

0440

7,22

532

0,12

579

,164

399,

289

330,

014

109,

010

439,

024

Aug

286,

903

52,0

0933

2,13

227

0,12

570

,103

340,

228

300,

147

89,1

0038

9,24

7

Sep

243,

899

50,0

0028

7,77

220

0,13

665

,158

265,

294

260,

553

75,8

0233

6,35

5

Tota

l2,

622,

380

644,

185

3,26

6,56

52,

224,

302

890,

061

3,11

4,36

33,

004,

763

908,

109

3,91

2,87

2



APP

END

IX V

: CO

FFEE

EXP

OR

TS B

Y B

UYE

R B

Y M

ON

TH 2

012/

13

BU

YER

/MO

NTH

O

CT

NO

V

DEC

JA

N

FEB

M

AR

A

PR

MA

Y JU

N

JUL

AU

G

SEP

TOTA

L

SUCA

FIN

A

24,3

10

33,9

20

50,7

80

52,7

04

38,0

62

48,0

71

23,1

88

44,0

70

64,9

65

82,5

73

64,8

36

42,1

90

569,

669

OLA

M IN

TERN

ATI

ON

AL

15,9

50

16,8

37

14,4

16

19,2

16

35,8

03

33,0

49

31,0

43

33,1

55

22,8

12

14,8

84

27,2

22

9,97

8 27

4,36

5

COEX

CO

FFEE

1,

644

11,8

52

10,6

22

25,6

12

32,4

06

20,3

92

16,2

08

24,6

26

22,6

76

27,4

93

18,7

34

4,71

9 21

6,98

4

ECO

M A

GRO

IND

UST

RIA

L 13

,561

7,

790

16,5

58

19,8

54

17,5

48

20,2

62

17,6

61

34,9

24

19,2

36

22,9

98

8,47

1 7,

030

205,

893

BERN

HA

RD R

OTH

FOS

10,3

03

9,88

2 11

,415

18

,293

7,

876

21,3

91

9,76

4 11

,430

15

,240

22

,614

15

,008

12

,210

16

5,42

6

LOU

IS D

REYF

US

13,1

09

8,27

1 10

,676

28

,378

31

,843

18

,106

7,

416

6,95

5 6,

789

15,7

00

5,58

9 9,

342

162,

174

SOCA

DEC

3,

000

9,68

0 16

,808

32

,591

20

,984

16

,498

4,

962

16,4

97

17,0

95

8,60

5 8,

300

1,52

5 15

6,54

5

ALD

WA

MI

9,80

0 18

,900

12

,934

9,

710

8,40

0 1,

050

5,60

0 11

,200

21

,700

11

,550

16

,800

13

,300

14

0,9

44

ARM

AJA

RO

7,50

6 8,

204

8,87

5 20

,425

17

,966

12

,168

13

,763

17

,592

9,

839

8,93

3 7,

141

7,64

2 14

0,0

54

VO

LCA

FE

11,2

00

9,19

5 7,

430

10,4

87

19,1

00

12,5

20

4,83

0 15

,290

4,

930

16,1

40

14,5

54

4,42

0 13

0,0

96

ICO

NA

CAFE

15

,162

5,

080

6,42

2 14

,342

17

,160

16

,266

9,

326

10,9

98

8,08

2 6,

738

9,76

4 6,

340

125,

680

ABA

CO

1,73

4 4,

200

13,3

00

1,75

0 8,

750

4,55

0 1,

050

9,45

0 22

,750

24

,150

6,

300

15,0

50

113,

034

ALT

ASH

EEL

3,15

0 3,

500

2,45

0 8,

050

9,39

0 7,

310

5,60

0 20

,270

9,

800

5,20

4 8,

020

8,06

0 90

,80

4

OCT

/TU

NIS

11

,152

17

,710

6,

012

21,9

76

15,0

30

14,6

96

86,5

76

COFF

TEA

4,

550

9,45

0 8,

050

3,50

0 4,

550

4,

550

13,3

00

14,0

00

3,85

0 17

,700

83,5

00

STRA

USS

CO

FFEE

2,

416

5,06

0 2,

286

7,52

5 8,

833

10,4

15

7,44

9 4,

099

5,70

5 13

,083

1,

680

5,48

9 74

,040

KON

INLI

JK

5,39

0 10

,440

6,

120

10,4

40

15,8

00

1,44

0 1,

440

51

,070

VA

YNA

N C

OM

PAN

Y

6,00

0 1,

850

3,00

0

3,00

0 4,

702

10,2

58

9,72

0 3,

680

5,14

0 3,

500

50,8

50

HA

MBU

RG C

OFF

EE

2,63

4 4,

208

5,52

6 9,

436

7,26

0 2,

490

6,98

2 3,

188

320

720

334

360

43,4

58

GU

ZMA

N

1,34

0 2,

660

2,33

0 6,

290

3,36

0 1,

698

2,64

4 5,

010

4,41

0 8,

700

3,98

0 33

0 42

,752

DEC

OTR

AD

E 6,

480

8,27

1 2,

880

16,9

20

4,32

0

38,8

71

MA

ISO

N

1,

300

2,62

0 1,

990

988

6,68

0 9,

866

3,57

8 4,

652

4,31

4 1,

530

37

,518

GEB

R.W

EST

345

360

36

0 35

0 1,

080

2,16

0 8,

895

9,49

0 3,

468

3,91

4 2,

520

32,9

42

NKG

BER

O IT

ALI

A

1,64

0 3,

284

2,96

4 2,

312

2,26

8 48

0 1,

348

2,32

2 1,

600

1,97

6 4,

868

5,68

0 30

,742

FALC

ON

96

0 4,

220

5,24

0 3,

520

1,28

0 96

0 2,

240

320

1,43

4 1,

660

1,95

0 4,

800

28,5

84

WO

RLD

BO

TAN

ICA

L 1,

670

1,58

4 33

4 32

0 32

0 3,

394

5,20

4 3,

684

3,63

8 64

0 1,

370

2,67

8 24

,836

AFR

ICA

TEA

& C

OFF

EE

600

1,85

0 3,

338

3,02

2 4,

230

3,00

0 4,

751

2,55

0 23

,341

BERC

HER

CO

FFEE

1,

650

2,24

0 2,

800

700

2,24

0 4,

480

1,28

0 3,

240

1,60

1 64

0 32

0 1,

920

23,1

11

COFF

EE S

ERV

ICES

3,

980

4,80

0 33

0 2,

040

4,38

0

1,25

0

1,24

0

960

2,95

6 21

,936

ELM

ATH

AH

IB

1,05

0 70

0 1,

400

2,80

0 1,

400

1,

400

2,45

0 2,

100

3,47

0 1,

050

2,10

0 19

,920

OTH

ERS

18,2

80

21,0

98

18,5

47

19,9

67

26,6

73

32,4

40

28,6

71

47,4

34

33,8

85

55,3

65

41,6

38

32,9

16

376,

914

TOTA

L 17

8,0

24

224,

396

243,

181

345,

114

343,

130

30

9,19

0

247,

429

392,

385

361,

521

395,

564

318,

394

224,

301

3,58

2,62

9

APP

END

IX V

I: CO

FFEE

EXP

OR

TS B

Y D

ESTI

NA

TIO

N B

Y M

ON

TH IN

CY

2012

/13

#

Des

tina

tion

O

ct

Nov

D

ec

Jan

Feb

Mar

A

pr

May

Ju

n Ju

l A

ug

Sep

Tota

l 1

EU

137,

260

146,

671

169,

314

279,

984

263,

458

231,

881

175,

032

284,

940

219,

482

234,

437

206,

521

125,

470

2,47

4,45

0 2

SUD

AN

20

,484

38

,520

37

,988

26

,472

28

,150

14

,660

16

,160

49

,844

73

,184

53

,024

51

,571

43

,950

45

4,00

7 3

USA

6,

123

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68

AUDITED ACCOUNTS



69

APPENDIX VIII: REPORT OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL ON THE

FINANCIAL STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30TH SEPTEMBER 2013



71

72

APPENDIX IX: FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF THE YEAR ENDED 30TH SEPTEMBER 2013



73

74



75

76



77

82 Uganda Coffee Development Authority - Annual Report 2012/2013

Volume 22, October 01, 2012 - September 30, 2013

annual report - uganda coffee development authority · uganda coffee development authority annual...

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