annual report 2013/2014 - amazon web...
TRANSCRIPT
ANNUAL REPORT 2013/2014
AN
NU
AL
REPO
RT
20
13
/2
01
4
Postal addresssP.O. Box 630, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
0001
Physical addressEmbassy House, 1 Bailey Lane, Acardia, Pretoria
South Africa
Tel: +27 12 304 9700, Fax: +27 12 323 8153Email: [email protected]: www.ai.org.za
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
VISION
MISSION
An indispensable African voice on African Affairs.
To produce relevant research products aimed at informing sustainable
political and socio-economic development in Africa.
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
ANNUAL REPORT 2013/2014
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
1THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Foreword by the Chairperson of Council 2
2. Council and Council Committee Meetings 3
3. Foreword by the Interim CEO 8
4. Research Division 15
5. Publications Division 37
6. Library and Documentation Services (LDS) 50
7. Corporate Affairs, Outreach and International Liaison (OIL) 58
8. Human Resources (HR) 71
9. Finance, Administration and Information Technology 86
10. Financial Statements 100
11. Annual Performance Report 170
12. Appendices 206
2 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Foreword by the Chairperson of Council
The year under review was unusually active for the Africa Institute of South Africa (AISA). Prompted by the 2010 institutional review of AISA, the former Minister of Science and Technology, Mrs Naledi Pandor requested the Department of Science and Technology (DST) to review the role and activities of AISA within the DST mandate. The outcome of this review culminated in a decision to incorporate AISA into the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), as an in-house institute within the HSRC, with the emphasis on strengthening the research capacity of AISA and to enhance the synergies between the two institutions. It is pleasing to note that AISA co-operated fully with the DST on the incorporation process which took effect on 1 April 2014.
The AISA Council and management put measures in place to ensure that AISA continued to fulfil its mandate during the period of incorporation and that it adhered to all legislative requirements. All stakeholder engagements and flagship projects such as the Ambassadorial Forum Series, AISA Young Graduate and Scholars, Scramble for Africa Conference, Africa Day EXPO and Archie Mafeje Memorial Lecture were held as planned in collaboration with AISA partners. AISA remained focused and continued to strengthen its mission as an indispensable voice on African affairs.
AISA succeeded in fulfilling its mandate of knowledge production and dissemination on African affairs. In this regard, I would like to share some of the highlights of the 2013/2014 financial year, where
I believe AISA performed well. The quality outputs (journal articles, policy briefs, occasional papers, monographs, book chapters and books, as well as proceedings, seminars and conferences) realised are a product of research conducted by AISA staff and external researchers, mostly African scholars, acting in concert and across all disciplines in line with the current research agenda.
The Publications Division worked extremely hard and published numerous books, policy briefs, monographs and journal articles. The publication of the Africa Yearbook and Africa A-Z books was of momentous importance as these publications are among AISA’s flagship projects that contribute in a meaningful way towards human capital development. The publication of the book on the Centenary of the ANC drew lots of attention among government officials and other stakeholders. The book is titled The future we chose: Emerging perspectives on the Centenary of the ANC and it was launched in January 2014.
In closing, I would like to take this opportunity to convey my sincere gratitude to fellow Council members, AISA management and staff for transforming AISA to a compliant, stable and envied institution. I also wish to thank the DST and the Portfolio Committee of Science and Technology for their unwavering commitment and support.
Dr Beki HlatshwayoChair of AISA Council
Dr Beki Hlatshwayo Chairperson of Council
3THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Council and Council Committee meeting attendance01 APRIL 2013 TO 31 MARCH 2014
NAMECOMMITTEE AFFILIATION
COUNCIL AUDIT HRFIN RESEARCH20
/04/
13
10/0
5/13
08/0
9/13
01/1
1/13
07/0
2/14
18/0
4/13
22/0
5/13
17/0
7/13
16/1
0/13
22/0
1/14
19/0
4/13
19/0
7/13
31/1
0/13
24/0
1/14
19/0
4/13
19/0
7/13
15/1
1/13
24/0
1/14
Dr B Hlatshwayo(Chair: Council)
Prof J Daniel(Chair: HRFIN)
Ms S Padayachy(Chair: Audit)
Prof Y Sadie(Chair: Research)
Prof N Biekpe
Dr K S Kongwa
Dr T Sidzumo-Mazibuko
Dr N Ramdhani
Dr T Auf der Heyde
Dr S Zondi
Adv SN Khutsoane
Dr DP Van Der Nest
Prof P Lukhele -Olorunju(Ex officio)
HRFin & Research
HRFin & Research
Audit
Audit & Research
Research
Audit & HRFin
Research
HRFin
Research
Research
HRFin
External Audit Committee member
Audit, HRFin & Research
Denotes attendance Denotes non-attendance with apology
4 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AISA COUNCIL 01 APRIL 2013 to 31 MARCH 2014
Bekumuzi Hlatshwayo, Dr – PhD. Lehigh University, US (1995)Dr Hlatshwayo was appointed Chairperson of Council in January 2010, after his appointment to the Council in May 2004. He is a member of the Human Resources and Finance (HRFin), and Research committees at AISA. He is currently a Project Support Specialist at Tongaat Hulett and President of the South African Institution of Chemical Engineers. He serves on various boards of entities promoting research and human capital development in South Africa.
Thandi Sidzumo-Mazibuko, Dr– PhD. University of Manitoba,Canada (1998)Dr Sidzumo-Mazibuko is the Executive Director responsible for leading change and championing Diversity Management, Equity & Transformation at the University of South Africa since 2003. She has served as a member of the continental expert group, Gender Mainstreaming, Monitoring and Evaluation of the United Nations Economic Commission on Africa (ECA) from 2001 until 2009. She was the first African female Chairperson of Council at the University of Fort Hare (2000– 2006) and Higher Education Policy Advisor to the Minister of Education (2004/2005). She serves on the Higher Education South Africa (HESA) Transformation Strategic Group, a subcommittee of HESA. She was appointed to the AISA Council in January 2010 and serves on the Research Committee.
Yolanda Sadie, Prof. – PhD.University of Cape Town, SouthAfrica (1991)Prof. Sadie is Professor of Politics at the University of Johannesburg. She was Head of the Department of Politics from 2002 to 2007 and again from September 2012. She also chaired the research committee, Women, Politics and Developing Nations of the International Political Science Association from 2003 to 2009. She was appointed to the AISA Council in 2007. She is Chairperson of the Research Committee and is also a member of the Audit Committee. She was appointed to the AISA Council in January 2010 and serves on the Research Committee.
The AISA Council serves as the accounting authority and is in place to ensure that the organisational activities are within the mandate of the AISA Act. The Council’s other major function is to ensure excellent research outputs through regular meetings of the AISA Research Committee. AISA is fortunate to have a capable and impressive group of Council members who are drawn from across South Africa with either academic and/or business backgrounds. This broad range of expertise gives the Council the ability to guide the activities of the Institute effectively and wisely and ensures the high level of excellence that is strived for by the organisation.
Chairperson Members
5THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Nicholas Biekpe, Prof. – PhD.Queen’s University Belfast, UK (1996)Prof. Biekpe is a Professor of Development Finance and Econometrics at the University of Cape Town Business School and the President of Africagrowth Institute. He is a Senior Visiting Fellow at Queen’s University Belfast. Prof. Biekpe is a chartered statistician, a Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society of Great Britain and a Chartered Scientist of the Science Council of the UK. He is also a board member at the South African Savings Institute. Prof. Biekpe was appointed to Council in 2008, where he is a member of the Research Committee.
John Daniel, Prof. – PhD. StateUniversity of New York atBuffalo, US (1975)Prof. Daniel recently retired as Academic Director at the School for International Training in Durban, South Africa. He previously worked at the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) as Research Director:Governance and Democracy and head of its publishing arm, HSRC Press. He also worked at Rhodes University and with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). Prof. Daniel was appointed to Council in January 2010. He is the Chairperson of the HRFin Committee and a member of the Research Committee.
Thomas Auf der Heyde, Prof. – PhD,University Cape Town, South Africa(1988)Dr. Auf der Heyde is the Deputy Director-General: Human Capital and Knowledge Systems in the national Department of Science and Technology. He has held teaching, research and executive managementpositions at the universities of the Western Cape, Cape Town, Johannesburg, Bern, Cambridge and Princeton. He was appointed to Council in 2008 and is a member of the Research Committee.
K. Sam Kongwa, PhD, Universityof Fort Hare, South Africa, 2013.Dr – DTech, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa (2008)Dr Kongwa is the CEO of the Sechaba Group of Companies in Johannesburg, South Africa. He was previously a Senior Lecturer and Head of Department at the University of Transkei and Walter Sisulu University. Dr Kongwa worked for the Africa Institute of South Africa as a Researcher between 1986 and 1992. He was appointed to Council in January 2010 and serves on the HRFin and Audit committees.
Subathree Padayachy,Ms – MCom, University of Johannesburg, South Africa (1998)Ms Padayachy is an independant consultant. She was appointed to Council in 2008. She serves as a non-executive member on the Department of Higher Education nd Training (DHET) Audit Committee. She is also the Chair of the Audit Committee at AISA.
Ngwanamathiba Khutsoane,Adv. – LLB. University of Bophuthatswana, South Africa (1991)She is an admitted Advocate of the High Court of South Africa. She waspreviously the Head of Department: Gender at the National Institute for Public Interest Law & Research in Pretoria. From 2000 to 2003 she was the Chief Executive Officer of Women in Law and Development in Africa (WiLDAF) in Harare, Zimbabwe. Prior to that, she was Director of the Bophuthatswana Law Society. She was appointed to Council in March 2011 and is a member of the HRFin Committee.
6 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Narissa Ramdhani, Dr – PhD.University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (2009)Dr Ramdhani is the Chief Executive Officer of the Ifa Lethu Foundation. She previously held directorships of research centres at the former universities of Durban-Westville and Natal, and held other positions with Yale University, the University of Connecticut and Nelson Mandela Special Projects. She has shared her expertise on rural empowerment, youth development and challenges facing emerging democracies with bodies such as the United Nations and countries such as Poland, Chile, Spain, the US, Australia, Namibia, Kenya and India. She was recently awarded an Honorary Doctorate in Humane Letters from the University of Connecticut in recognition of her efforts to uplift rural communities and youth in South Africa. She was appointed to Council in January 2010 and she serves on the HRFin Committee.
Siphamandla Zondi, PhD.University of Cambridge (2000)Siphamandla Zondi PhD was trained in African studies at the former University of Durban-Westville (UDW) and the University of Cambridge, UK. He lectured for short stints at UDW and the former Rand Afrikaans University. He later coordinated the SADC integration programme at the Africa Institute of South Africa before being appointed head of Africa and Southern Africa programme at the Institute for Global Dialogue (IGD). Since January 2010, he has been the director of the IGD, responsible for its strategic direction and positioning internationally. Zondi publishes widely on issues of African integration, South Africa’s international relations, South African foreign policy, governance and social policy in Africa. He serves in several governance structures, and advisory fora. He is a research associate in politics and development studies at UNISA.
Phindile Lukhele-Olorunju, Prof –PhD. University of Georgia, USA(1990)Prof. Lukhele-Olorunju holds a PhD in Plant Breeding/Virology from the University of Georgia, Athens, USA (1990); MSc in Plant Breeding from Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria (1982) and BSc Agriculture from University of Botswana and Swaziland, Kwaluseni, Swaziland (1978). She was a member of the Board of Bioversity International (2006–2012). She is the Minister ofAgriculture, Fisheries and Forestry’s representative in the Winter Cereal Trust and an ASI Fellow. Her research interests are in agriculture – specifically plant sciences and plant protection, – sustainable development and education.
Interim Chief Executive Officer
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
8 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Foreword by the Interim CEO
The period under review, 2013/14 is the last year in which the Africa Institute of South Africa (AISA) submits its Annual Report as a government constituted institution. The decision taken by the Department of Science and Technology (DST) to incorporate AISA into the Human Science Research Council (HSRC) takes effect on the 01 April 2014. The year 2013/14 has been extraordinary in that it presented both challenges and opportunities for AISA to be multi-skilled and innovative in order to deliver on its mandate and targets in a year of many obligations and uncertainties. Despite all the adjustments related to the changes, AISA continued to keep its focus in delivering and being the first port of call on African Affairs. AISA ranks 7th in the global Go-To Think Tanks study of the University of Pennsylvania. This report highlights AISA’s performance in the year 2013/14.
The strategic objectives of the AISA for 2013/14 financial year were to:
a) produce and encourage knowledge production and dissemination on African Affairs;
b) increase the reservoir and quality of researchers and develop and implement capacity building programmes;
c) build the AISA image and increase its visibility; d) develop a performance led culture within AISA;
ande) improve the control and governance environment
and compliance with legislation.
Knowledge Production and dissemination on African Affairs
The Africa Institute of South Africa’s Research Agenda 2011-2015 is Seeking Solutions for Africa’s developmental Challenges. In accordance with this agenda, AISA researchers undertook research in eight African countries, Ghana, Rwanda, Mauritius, Botswana, Namibia, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Zimbabwe and South Africa. Two researchers undertook research in Ghana, two in the DRC, four in South Africa and two staff from the research division participated, through the request of the Department of International Relations and Cooperation (DIRCO), as members of the SADC observers of the 2013 Zimbabwe’s General Elections. The research undertaken in this reporting year resulted in publications of peer-reviewed journal articles, policy briefs and monographs, peer-reviewed book chapters from AISA researchers and contracted African Scholars as well as published books written in collaboration with AISA Research Fellows. The Research Division succeeded in meeting its targets for the year and its research outputs resulted in a number of media appearances through radio, television, print and online media.
Researchers presented seminars to our stakeholders after they returned from fieldwork. Seminars presented by external researchers and scholars were also hosted. These seminars together with national and international conferences and workshops enabled us to interact with other scholars and Ambassadors from Africa, Asia, Europe and America. Researchers
Prof. Phindile Lukhele-Olorunju Interim CEO
9THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
received invitations to make presentations and give lectures at various institutions in Ethiopia, India, Portugal, America, China, Zimbabwe, and South Africa. These sponsored trips strengthened our partnerships with various institutions in these countries.
The Publications Division published 13 books, including the The Africa Yearbook and Africa A-Z, which are flagship publications of AISA. Four of the 12 book launches hosted this year were AISA books that were marketed through well attended book launches in Tshwane, Rivonia, Eastern Cape, Durban and Cape Town. In addition to the above, 4 Volumes of the accredited AISA journal, Africa Insight, 1 monograph, 2 occasional papers, 21 policy briefs from AISA researchers and partners and; 2 proceedings from our flagship projects were also published. AISA also published the BRICS Think Tank and Academic Forum proceedings as per DIRCO’s request.
Human Capital Development
AISA was able to bring on board six new researchers, three with Doctoral degrees and three with masters degrees. This raised the number of quality researchers to 15 compared to the ten we had last year. AISA researchers without doctorates and masters degrees are registered with tertiary institutions while other staff members were encouraged to pursue further studies through our performance management development programme. Fifteen interns were mentored in this financial year. Eight of the interns that have passed through the Research Division were capacitated in journal article and policy brief writing, conference paper writing and presentations as well as data collection, statistical analysis and project management. Others were mentored in our administration, finance, information technology, publications, library and human resource management departments. AISA interns participate in all AISA flagship projects which gives them practical training in project management and conference organization. One of our interns secured a job at AISA as a junior researcher; others are employed in government departments and the private sector. AISA researchers were encouraged to share their fieldwork experiences with students and academics in tertiary institutions through the AISA Campus Lecture Series. In the 2013/14 financial year lecture series also covered areas of project conceptualization, data
collection and analysis. Our Campus Lecture Series were in various tertiary institutions across the country. The universities visited have expressed appreciation of the lectures and some have requested to have stronger partnerships with AISA in terms of student supervision.
The AISA Young Graduates and Scholars (AYGS) Conference attracted over 200 students representing seven African countries. We also had students from Germany and Japan participating. A total of 48 papers were presented by young graduates and scholars. The quality of the papers by these young scholars has improved over the years and this makes it possible for AISA to publish a selected few in a peer-reviewed book. The conference combined the paper presentation sessions and an academic debate both of which carried prize tags for the overall best paper, best presenter, best debater and other small prizes linked to the different subthemes we had. The French Embassy, Erasmus Mundus Fellowship, DST/NRF, American Embassy, German Embassy and Earth Science made presentations on fellowship programmes that the AYGS participants could consider for building themselves up academically. This year’s conference was in partnership with the University of Johannesburg and we had eight South African universities participating.
The Third Scramble for Africa Conference, with the theme Fifty years after the founding of the OAU: Africa must unite or perish, took place in May 2013. It was hosted by AISA in partnership with the Tshwane University of Technology (TUT), Thabo Mbeki Leadership Institute (TMALI), Statistics South Africa (STATSA), National Research Foundation (NRF), Department of Arts and Culture (DAC), Department of International Relations and Cooperation (DIRCO), Ditsong Museum and the Centre for Black Arts and African Civilization (Nigeria). This conference brought together scholars from Africa and the Diaspora, Canada, USA, UK, Turkey and South America. Topics presented and debated covered areas such as the African Union and Pan-Africanism, trade and development; African Independence, and Afro-centricity vs coloniality. A 25 chapter book from this conference is currently in press. The conference always concludes with a Declaration and the celebration of Africa Day on the 25th May. The AU declared 2013 as a year of celebrating Africa and the OAU at 50. AISA in collaboration with the
10 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Kara Heritage Institute celebrated Black Month on 2 February 2014. This offered an opportunity to Africans to return to their African roots as Sir Seretse Khama noted that, the achievement of the Pan African ideals of self-worth, self-reliance and independence are pillars of the African (i.e. 21st) Century. Africans cannot achieve these ideals without self-knowledge, mastery of African history and culture”.
The Archie Mafeje Memorial Lecture was held in partnership with the Archie Mafeje Memorial Research Institute (AMRI) and Kara Heritage Institute. The lecture was held at the Kara Heritage Institute. The Archie Mafeje Memorial day event began in the morning with a Keynote address by Dr Wally Serote titled “Reflection on Africa’s intellectuals who have shaped the developmental agenda of Africa: past and present”. Also on the panel were Professor Somadoda Fikeni and Mr Khwezi kaMpumulwana. The Archie Mafeje family was represented by Ms Boni Swana. The paper presentations will be published under AISA proceedings.
Library Services
The library continued to expand its services and its holdings. The library boasts an estimated 99,768 holdings and an archival collection of 4,705. Subscriptions to various databases, journals, magazines and others assist researchers and the local community, which patronises our library, with vital information during their research. AISA was able to digitise some of its collections, especially maps, photographs and other AISA books.
Visibility
Significant interaction with the media through radio, TV, print and online media was established to increase our visibility and disseminate information to all levels of our stakeholders within and outside South Africa. AISA was able to keep its stakeholders positive and interested in partnering with us despite the announcement of AISA’s incorporation into HSRC. Discussions from the presentations of the diplomatic community in Pretoria were vibrant and informative to all participants who included a large number of diplomats and attaches from the Pretoria embassies. The South Africa–China Relations at 15 years conference was widely attended and proceedings thereof will be published. The proceedings on the
work done with Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) on Special Economic Zones was published as proceedings after a full day seminar was held. Our interactions with other stakeholders such as international partners remained vibrant. Lectures and presentations were given at the Departments of Defence and Peace and Security Commission of the African Union. AISA also participated in external events organised by our partners such as the China Institute of Research and Development/GIZ, ECAS and the Erasmus Mundus Association of the European Commission. We hosted international visitors from USA, China, Russia, Sri Lanka, India, Ethiopia, South Sudan and Sudan.
Governance environment and compliance with legislation
The Council and its Committees continued with their oversight functions to promote an environment conducive to openness and transparency. In January 2014 AISA and the HSRC submitted one strategic and annual performance plan to the DST. Our quarterly and annual reports were also submitted to the DST.
AISA continued to implement cost saving initiatives to ensure that public funding was spent appropriately with proper accounting thereof. About 95% of the expenditure budget was utilized during the year under review. The 5% variance in spending can be attributed to variances in relation to employee related costs and capacity building programme expenditure. The variances in terms of employee related costs derived from frozen posts in management and other positions.
AISA also invested in the upgrading of IT infrastructure to a virtual environment to contribute to a more effective and efficient business environment.
Internal controls were regularly monitored and areas of concerns were identified and addressed where possible. Finance and HR policies were reviewed and discussed at staff meetings. Management and staff meetings also discussed the internal and external auditor reports. A management workshop was held to discuss risk management and the internal auditor made a number of presentations at staff meetings to assist staff to understand the risks of non-compliance to policies and procedures.
11THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Institutional Management
Phindile Lukhele-Olorunju, Prof– PhD.Interim Cheif Executive Officer Prof. Lukhele-Olorunju holds a PhD in Plant Breeding/Virology from the University of Georgia, Athens, USA (1990); MSc in Plant Breeding from Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria (1982) and BSc Agriculture from University of Botswana and Swaziland, Kwaluseni, Swaziland (1978). She was a member of the Board of Bioversity International (2006–2012). She is the Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry’s representative in the Winter Cereal Trust and an ASI Fellow. Her research interests are in agriculture – specifically plant sciences and plant protection, – sustainable development and education.
Elsie MaritzChief Financial Officer Mrs Maritz holds a ND: Public Management from Technicon South Africa (now incorporated in the University of South Africa). She is currently completing her BCompt and MTech at the University of South Africa and holds 18 years of extensive experience in finance and audit.
Thokozani SimelaneActing Director ResearchDr Simelane holds a PhD from Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (2005) and is finalising his second Doctorate on Industrial Engineering through the Durban University of Technology. He is in Marquis Who’s Who in Science and Engineering. He is a member of South Africa’s standing advisory committee on Intellectual Property Rights where he serves as member of the Patents subcommittee. His research interests are in complex system analysis; biodiversity and environmental management; science and technology; industrial engineering, intellectual property development and management; renewable energy and standardisation.
Ingrid CanhamHuman Resources Manager
Solani NgobeniDirector of PublicationsMr Ngobeni holds a Masters degree in Publishing from the University of the Witwatersrand. He is also a Research Associate in the Department of Languages and Literatures in the Faculty of Arts at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University.
Wayne PoggenpoelInternal AuditorMr Poggenpoel holds National and National Higher Diplomas in Internal Audit. He has certifications in Internal Audit, Control Self Assessment and Government Auditing. He has also successfully completed an Equities Trader certification from the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE). He is currently a member of the Technical Committee of the Institute of Internal Auditors South Africa as well the Special Committee for Performance Information.
Internal Audit
Deon Van der VyverHuman Resources Manager (From August 2013)
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
RESEARCHDIVISION
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
15THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Thokozani SimelaneActing Director ResearchDr Simelane holds a PhD from Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Has submitted thesis for examination for his second Doctorate on Industrial Engineering at the Durban University of Technology. He is a member of the South Africa’s standing advisory committee on Intellectual Property Rights where he serves as a member of the Patents sub-committee. He is a founding member of South African’s Systems Dynamic chapter of Systems Dynamic Society. His research interests are in complex system analysis; biodiversity and environmental management; science and technology; industrial engineering; intellectual property development and management; renewable energy and standardisation.
Sehlare MakgetlanengChief Research Specialist andprogramme leader Governance and SecurityDr Makgetlaneng holds a PhD in Political Science (with African Politics, Comparative Politics, Political Economy and International Relations as sub-fields) and a Master of Public Administration from Atlanta University, USA along with a Bachelor of Arts in Political Science from Clark College. His research interests are African socio-political and economic transformation, African continental and Southern African regional integration, the role of political governance in Africa’s development and democracy, the centrality of Africa in South Africa’s international relations and cooperation; the US Africa Policy; and the relationship between the state and the ruling party in Africa.
Sylvester Bongani MaphosaChief Research SpecialistGovernance and SecurityProgrammeDr Maphosa holds a PhD in Conflict Resolution and Peace Studies from the University of KwaZulu-Natal (2009); an MA in Peace and Governance from Africa University, Zimbabwe (2005); a BEd Degree in Environmental Sciences from Solusi University, Zimbabwe (2002); and a Diploma in Education from the University of Zimbabwe, (1993). He has attended several courses on education in conflict modelling and mediation and has extensive experience in mixed-methods participatory action research (PAR) in fragile contexts. Dr Maphosa has interests in peace building and human security; conflict resolution and conflict prevention; peace, conflict and development; and, quantitative and qualitative evaluation of peace building models and practice in fragile contexts.
Researchers
Trynos GumboResearch Specialist: SustainableDevelopment ProgrammeDr Gumbo holds a PhD (2013) in Geography and Environmental
Barbara MashopeResearch Specialist: Science andTechnology ProgrammeDr Mashope holds a PhD, Plant breeding, Plant Pathology, Molecular Plant Biotechnology from University of The Free State (2007), MSc Microbiology from University of The Free State (2001), B.Sc. Honours (2009) and Post Graduate Diploma in Enterprise Management, Business Management from Rhodes University (1999). She specializes in integration of African Traditional Medicine (ATM) in the public health sector in select African countries and South Africa. Her area of interest is on medicinal plants and their uses.
Studies, Masters of Science (2006) from Stellenbosch University and Bachelor of Science honours degrees in Rural and Urban Planning from the University of Zimbabwe (2003). His areas of interests are: solving urban planning, development and management problems in cities of the Developing World, Renewable Energy generation from waste, poverty issues and social protection, informality both housing and economic, service delivery, pollution control and climate change mitigation and adaptation. He has previously lectured at the University of Zimbabwe (UZ), the National University of Science and Technology (NUST) (Zimbabwe) and the Ethiopian Civil Service University College (ECSUC) in Ethiopia.
16 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Shingirirai MutangaResearch Specialist: Science andTechnology ProgrammeMr Mutanga holds an MSc in Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation for environmental modelling and management from a consortium of four universities, namely, Southampton (UK), Lund (Sweden), Warsaw (Poland) and ITC (Netherlands); and a Hons in Geography and Environmental Science from Midlands University, Zimbabwe. His research interests are in ecosystems transformation; complex social-ecological systems; land use; land cover; mapping; natural resources management; web GIS and database management.
Olivia LwabukunaResearch Specialist: SustainableDevelopment ProgrammeDr Lwabukuna holds an LL.B from University of Swaziland (2005), LL.M from University of Cape Town (2007), and LL.D from University of Pretoria (2012). She specialises in Legal and policy specialist in international law, trade and sustainable development and also an admitted Advocate of the High Court. Her areas of interest are: legal aspects of trade, investment and development, business and human rights, international law and development as well as socio-economic rights.
Yazini AprilResearch Specialist: Governanceand Security ProgrammeMs April holds a Master of Arts in International Relations from the University of South Carolina in Columbia, USA (1996), and a Juris Doctorate of Law degree from the John Marshall School of Law, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (2001). Her research interests lie in industrialisation and infrastructural development in South Africa, the Southern African Development Community (SADC); and the African Union (AU).
Nicasius CheckResearch Specialist: Governance and Security ProgrammeMr Check is currently a PhD candidate in the Department of Politics at the University of Johannesburg. He holds a BA from the University of Buea, Cameroon and an MA in History from the University of South Africa (UNISA). His areas of interest are environmental insecurity; trans-border natural resource management; transitional justice; security architecture of regional economic communities (RECs); and conflict management and resolution.
Researchers
Mohammad OumarGIS Specialist
Elize van AsCartographer
17THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Frank LekabaJunior Researcher: Governance and Security Mr Frank Lekaba holds BA in Peace Studies and International Relations (2011), a Masters candidate for International Relations Programme from the North West University (Mafikeng Campus). His area of interests are reform of global governance structures; global politics; African continental integration; Peace and Security and; North and South cooperation.
Sacha KnoxResearch Specialist: Governance and Security ProgrammeMs Knox hold a Masters of Development Studies (2012), from the International Institute of Social Studies, in The Hague, Netherlands with speciality in Conflict, Reconstruction and Human Security, and a Bachelor of Social Science degree (2010) from the University of KwaZulu-Natal, in Durban, South Africa. Her research interests are peacebuilding processes, critical complexity, dynamical systems theory, embodied perspectives, critical geographies, technologies of security, the politics of representation, de-colonial and non-hegemonic knowledge systems, Afrikology and afro-centric perspectives, interdisciplinary approaches, and queer ecologies in relation to systems of power.”
Dr Munyaradzi MujuruResearch Specialist: Science and Technology Programme Dr Mujuru holds a doctorate degree in Chemistry (2010) from Tshwane University of Technology and an MSc (2005) and BSc degrees (1994) from University of Zimbabwe. His areas of interest are science, technology and innovation, and research on indigenous knowledge systems.
Dr. Olga BialostockaResearch Specialist: Sustainable Development ProgrammeOlga holds a PhD in Archaeology (2010), postgraduate diploma in Development Studies (2005), MA in Mediterranean Archaeology (2003), and BA in Museum Studies, Heritage Management and Marketing (2001) from Warsaw University (Poland), as well as a DEA in Ancient History (2006) from Université de Paris – Sorbonne, Paris IV (France). In 2013 she was a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (USA). Her interests fall within the broad field of culture as a pillar of and a resource for sustainable development.development and management; renewable energy and standardisation.
Claudia Hirtenfelder Researcher: Sustainable Development Programme Mrs Hirtenfelder holds an MSc in the Social Studies of Gender (2013) from Lund University. She is currently finish her second masters and MA in Tourism from the University of Johannesburg. Her areas of interests are circulate gender, identity, labour and more recently how these intersect with sustainable development and tourism.
Palesa SekhejaneResearch Specialist: Sustainable Development ProgrammePalesa Sekhenjane holds a Masters in Biomedical technology (2009) and recently completed doctoral degree (awaiting graduation) at the University of Johannesburg. Her areas of interests are Nano-biotechnology and bio-photonics for diabetic and cancer studies, sustainable health policies, frameworks and innovation for health system goals.
Researchers
18 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Ithuteng NkhereanyeProject ManagerMs Nkhereanye holds a post graduate degree in political studies from the University of Johannesburg (2009) and Project Management at the University of North West (2010). She is currently studying a Masters in Development studies at University of Johannesburg. Her area of interest is in disaster risk reduction.
Octavia RorkeAdministration Officer
Charl van der MerweResearch Assistant: Science andTechnology ProgrammeMr van der Merwe holds a BA (Hons)in Development Studies from the University of the Western Cape’s Institute for Social Development (ISD), Bellville (2008). He is currently writing his dissertation towards the completion of an MA in Development Studies from the University of Johannesburg. His research interests include the dynamics of social issues such as poverty, underdevelopment and hunger; social development; creation of sustainable urban livelihoods and urban food security.
Matlou TsiriAdministration Officer
Masego MasenyaResearch Administration Officer
Research Assistants
Administration Officers
19THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Anna XoyaneResearch Intern: Office of the CEO
Sello Charles MabundaResearch Intern: Sustainable Development
Simamkele BokoloResearch Intern: Sustainable Development
Interns
Portia Tshigoli GIS Intern
Ntshembo Marvel MathyeResearch Intern: Governance and Security Programme
20 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
RESEARCH DIVISIONThis report provides AISA’s achievements as per the performance agreement with the Department of Science and Technology. The agreement is based on a shareholder’s compact and annual performance plan.
In this report the following aspects of the agreement are discussed: • Research strategic objectives• Geographic spread of research conducted in
2013/2014 Financial Year• Research projects conducted under AISA’s research
programmes• AISA’s Research Capacity • AISA’s Research Outputs• AISA’s Special Projects• AISA Partners• Resource mobilisation
Research Strategic Objectives
The strategic objectives of AISA have been developed in line with its vision, mission and strategic thrusts as dictated by the legislative mandate. They provide a basis for the formulation of detailed programmes, projects and initiatives.
AISA’s research strategic objectives are:1. Produce and encourage knowledge production and
dissemination on African affairs; 2. Increase the reservoir and quality of researchers
and develop and implement capacity building programmes;
3. Build the AISA image and increase its visibility; 4. Develop a performance led culture within the
organisation; and5. Improve the control and governance environment and
compliance with legislation.
Drivers of AISA Research Agenda
The key drivers of AISA’s research agenda are: a) The South African government priorities (2009-2015)
on education, employment creation, health, rural development and safety and security;
b) the National Development Plan; c) vision of the African Union which seeks “the
actualisation of human dignity, development and
prosperity for the entire African people ...anchored on a vision of an integrated, prosperous and peaceful Africa …driven and managed by its own citizens… and representing a dynamic force in the international arena” and;
d) Department of Science and Technology’s research strategy, ten year innovation plan and human capital development plan for a knowledge based economy.
AISA’s research Agenda
AISA’s research agenda is based on Seeking Solutions for Africa’s Developmental Challenges. It has three broad thematic priorities, which address challenges common to African states:
1. Engendering developmental states in Africa: concentrating on the improvement of public services, health care, access to quality education, poverty reduction, governance and democracy issues as well as an analysis of the effectiveness and impact of African multilateral and global governance regimes.
2. Building cohesive and sustainable communities devoid of conflict, crime and corruption: focusing on fragile states and human security as well as examining the effectiveness of safety and security programmes across the continent.
3. Sustainable resource management and use, rural development, food security and land reform: AISA will intensify studies on food security strategies across the continent and investigate natural resource management in Africa that positively impact on economic growth and sustainable livelihoods.
Each year AISA researchers, through approved research projects strive to cover a combination of the above thematic areas in varying degrees at the national, sub-regional and continental levels. The shareholder’s compact agreed to annually between the Minister and Chair of AISA council incorporates the targets AISA is expected to meet in the annual performance plan and what the Auditor General and Parliament amongst others judge AISA by.
Research is undertaken through three programmes, namely, 1. Governance and Security; 2. Sustainable Development; and 3. Science and Technology.
21THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
In addition, AISA collects, collates and analyses data on Africa’s development through its Geo-information systems. Data analysed is presented as maps and as special publications (i.e. Africa at a Glance and Africa A-Z) produced by AISA’s Cartography unit. Both GIS and Cartography service research programmes and external clients.
Model through which AISA executes its mandate:
Research conducted in the 2013/2014 addressed the strategic objectives outlined in the 2013/2014 Annual Performance Plan. These are:
implementing the AISA Research Agenda on “Seeking solutions to Africa’s developmental challenges”;promoting knowledge and understanding of African affairs through leading experts in the Social Sciences, Humanities, Natural Sciences and Technology;
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GIS &
CARTOGRAPHYGOVERNANCE &
SECURITY
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
SPECIAL PROJECTS
AISA RESEARCH AGENDA
increasing the awareness of AISA’s profile;increasing AISA’s revenue;positioning AISA as a platform for public debate and specialised discourse on African affairs; andbroadening research capacity building and training across Africa.
2013/2014 Research geographical spread
Petroleum Revenue Management
• China’s Mineral Approach• Peace Missions & Community
Security
Ecotourism & Gender
Botswana
Congo DRC
Ghana
Kenya
Mauritius
Namibia
Rwanda
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Boundries
COUNTRIES OF FOCUS
LEGEND AFRICA
Multiculturalism in Education
• Waste to Energy• Food Systems• Techno-Industrial Support for
Traditional Medicine
Election Observation
From Waste to Energy
Post Conflict Reconstruction
Energy Mix
22 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
In the year 2013/2014, research was conducted in nine African countries. These are Botswana, Mauritius, Kenya, Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Ghana, Namibia, Zimbabwe and South Africa. Through partnerships with the embassies of China and Azerbaijan, AISA was able to extend its research to China and the South Caucasus region. Research outside South Africa was mainly conducted by Research Specialists and Chief Research Specialists. Junior researchers focussed their research within South Africa.
Outputs from conducted research, journal articles, policy briefs, books and book chapters, were based on three broad thematic areas of the research agenda. These are:- a) Engendering developmental states in Africa;b) Building cohesive and sustainable communities
devoid of conflict, crime and corruption; andc) Sustainable resource management and use, rural
development, food security and land reform.
The fieldwork undertaken by researchers was aimed at collecting empirical and primary data from studied countries and the focus this financial year was on: i. From waste to energy: a study on innovations in
municipal solid waste management in two African cities, Nairobi and eThekwini.
ii. Review of the governance and socio-economic impact of Ghana’s Petroleum Revenue Management Act 815 of 2011.
iii. Ecotourism and its impact on gender relations in rural Botswana.
iv. Exploration of attitudes towards multiculturalism in the schools of the Kunene Region in Namibia.
v. A sustainable food security system for the urban poor in Mamelodi East: A case study of household food consumption.
vi. An analysis of effective energy mix for developing economies.
vii. Two decades of mitigating re-representation: An analysis of post-conflict reconstruction in Rwanda and South Africa.
viii. Peace missions and community security: Peace, security and cooperation framework for the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
ix. Comparative assessment of the techno-industrial interventions in processing African Traditional Medicines in South Africa, Cameroon and China.
x. An Assessment of China’s Mineral Industrial Approach to the DRC.
xi. Azerbaijan as a Regional Economic Driver: Opportunities and Challenges.
AISA 2013/2014 Research projects
Governance and Security Programme
The Governance and Security programme carries out research and promote policy dialogue on governance, democracy, peace, security and development processes, issues and developments in Africa. In 2013/2014 Governance and Security Programme focused on four main research projects. They are:
“Key Issues in Zimbabwe’s 31 July 2013 Harmonised Elections” was conducted by Sehlare Makgetlaneng who is the first Africa Institute of South Africa (AISA) scholar to be rated by the National Research Foundation. This research provided an in-depth analysis of Zimbabwe’s harmonised or presidential, parliamentary and local government elections. It examined Zimbabwe’s elections in the context of fairness, preparedness and regional impact. It analysed how the representatives of the state, public institutions, capital, civil society organisations, scholars, political analysts, media and intellectuals of Zimbabwe viewed Zimbabwe’s elections. Given the fact that the researcher was a member of the Southern African Development Community Observer Mission to Zimbabwe’s 2013 elections, the research study also examined how some individuals who are not Zimbabwean nationals and citizens viewed Zimbabwe’s 2013 elections during his observations of elections. Issues of interest were the election date, reforms and their implementation, lack of forward movement in the implementation of reforms and the performance of the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) in its efforts to secure the implementation of reforms during its negotiations with the Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF), ZANU-PF’s status as the ruling party without any interruption since 1980 and its consequences in its competition with the MDC. Also of interest was whether the government of national unity was structurally in favour of ZANU-PF or the MDC, whether sanctions were for ZANU-PF or the MDC and whether the United States was a liability or an asset to the MDC. The research generated two journal articles submitted for publication and a seminar presentation. Five policy briefs have been published. The researcher presented his findings at the North-West University, Potchefstroom
23THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Campus. He served as a leader of the AISA delegation, which consisted of Ms. Ithuteng Nkhereanye, Projects Manager, and Mr, Ntshembo Mathye, Governance and Security Programme research intern, to the South African component of the SADC Observer Mission to Zimbabwe’s elections.
“An Assessment of China’s Mineral Industrial Approach to the DRC” was conducted by Funeka Yazini April.
Over the past decades the governance of natural resources has remained a challenge because African governments have been mortgaging their mineral resources at significant costs of zero job creation, zero mineral beneficiation, increased debt, increased de-industrialization, and increased poverty. However, China through its model of infrastructure development in exchange for minerals has begun to change the landscape of resource governance and industrial development. Given the impact of China on mineral industrialization on the continent which is set to increase as African governments have now embraced China for industrial growth, it is critical to assess China’s approach towards the Africa resource infrastructure model. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and China mineral-infrastructure agreement was proposed as a case study of this research project. The DRC-China agreement is one of the most well-known embodiments of the increasing Chinese mineral-infrastructure agreements on the African continent. This research, whose objectives were to determine whether the China-DRC model could be implemented to promote industrial growth and whether the China-DRC model can be utilized in the MPRDA legislative Act for implementations in provinces like Limpopo and Northwest in South Africa, was conducted in Katanga province, DRC, February 13 -27, 2014.
Through the assistance of the Department of International Relations and Cooperation (DIRCO) the research was expanded by comparing China’s mineral industrial model with the American mining industrial model in the DRC. The researcher was therefore able to visit both Chinese and American mining institutions. The American industrial model is more conducive in addressing socio-economic factors which have contributed to challenges such as Marikana, while the Chinese model is more effective for large scale growth such as roads and infrastructure development.
The findings of this research will be published in accredited journals and a report will be submitted to DIRCO.
“Two decades of mitigating re-representation: An analysis of post-conflict reconstruction in Rwanda and South Africa”, was conducted by Nicasius Achu Check. Two decades ago, the African continent witnessed two dramatic and opposing events: first, was the Rwandan genocide of 1994 and secondly, was the peaceful transition from an apartheid government to democracy in South Africa. The two scenarios, though episodic from 1990 with the release of Nelson Mandela from jail in South Africa and the invasion of Rwanda by the RPF from Uganda, culminated in what many have termed the remaking of modern Africa.
The principal objective for this research was to investigate the level of redress in post-genocide Rwanda and post-conflict South Africa and how other African countries can benefit from the Rwandan and South African model. The study is important in understanding post-conflict nation building dynamics in Africa and how other countries on the globe can benefit from such experiences. The field trip was undertaken in Kigali, Rwanda and surrounding towns. It focused principally on respondents with a deep understanding of the Rwandan post-genocide reconstruction initiatives with a bit of bias towards the ordinary Rwandans and how they perceived reconciliation. The methodological approach was case study in nature and based primarily on interviews and reports pertaining to Rwanda’s mitigation of reconciliation in the post-genocide epoch. Though the trip coincided with the re-occurrence of armed conflict between the M23 and the government of Congo in eastern DR Congo, it did not in any way affect the planned interviews which had been arranged by the research assistant. The South African scenario was based on the review of relevant literature and policy documents pertaining to reconciliation and redress in the country. Lessons learnt from the research were that though major strides have been achieved in both South Africa and Rwanda in terms of redress, a lot still needs to be done to heal the wounds inflicted by centuries of segregation and the alienation of particular ethnic groups in the developmental agenda of both countries. Firstly, the government of both countries need to recognize the ethnic, racial and cultural differences as areas of cooperation not issues that should divide the people. Secondly, there is need for redress to mitigate the challenges caused by centuries of segregation and exclusion.
The findings of the research have been accepted for publication as a journal article in the India Journal of African Studies.
24 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
“Peace Missions and Community Security: Peace, Security and Cooperation Framework for the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Region” was conducted by Sylvester Maphosa. The research was conducted in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (Bukavu and Goma).
Despite many efforts at building peace, the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) continue to suffer from recurring cycles of conflict and persistent violence by armed groups. The sources of insecurity are multifarious contingent with the notion of security which itself connotes different things to different people. Largely, the sources include widespread militarization of social life, politics and economy in the region. Community life and relationships remain torn by intractable violence which generates mistrust and fear, alcohol and drug abuse, depression, internalized cruelty and trauma, interpersonal and household violence, rape, collapsed ties and meeting opportunities between families and ethnic groups and tribes living in the same villages or quarters, resource predation, and inactive community members to address local matters. At the political level, continuing violence undermines countrywide fledgling democratic hard work and dilutes peace initiatives that should be indispensable pillars for reconciliation and development. Fragile conditions also promote authoritarian tendencies at local governance level which reduce accountability and distort representation in policy-making that exacerbate physical hardships like poverty and under-development. The guarantee for national reconciliation and capabilities to foster enduring peace therefore locate within constructive social, political and economic conditions the promotion of human development and the protection of human rights.
On 24 February 2013 eleven countries of Africa signed a Peace, Security and Cooperation Framework for the Democratic Republic of the Congo and region (the PSC Framework), under the auspices of four guarantors, namely, the Secretary-General of the UN, the Chairperson of the AU Commission, the Chairperson of the SADC and the Chairperson of ICGLR (11+4 Framework). Seen as a “framework of hope” the 11+4 epitomizes an avenue of hope for the people of the region to “do more than just attend to the consequences of conflict, or to manage crises of the kind seen … [t]here is a chance to resolve its underlying causes and to stop it for good.” The objective of this study therefore was to explore the normative architecture on the protection of civilians, women and children in eastern DRC and examine how the 11+4 Mechanism and affected communities are operationalizing this concept. The purpose for this was to overcome important knowledge
gaps through in-depth case study analysis of the impact of the 11+4 Mechanism in stimulating community security in the eastern DRC. Despite a fragile buffer created by reinvigorated MONUSCO with FIB presence, many civilians, women and children live under extreme insecurity. The resumption of and intensification of fighting in several pockets of Goma and surrounding Nyiragongo territory in Kivu, put thousands of people in conditions of extreme vulnerability and severely restricted humanitarian access. Largely, the PSC Framework outlines national, regional and international actions to end violence. The operationalization of the mandate is a continuing process of different events and actors, albeit under grim conditions.
Sustainable Development
The sustainable development programme focuses on socio-economic and environmental development issues within the African continent. Its thematic areas include urban planning and development, food security, sustainable production and consumption, land and water resources management, tourism; gender, and methods of improving health systems in Africa. The programme provides policy advice, professional and technical support as well as capacity building. In 2013/2014, the following projects were undertaken:-.
“From waste to energy: a study on innovations in municipal solid waste management in two African cities, Nairobi and eThekwini” was conducted by Dr Trynos Gumbo. Influenced by AISA’s research niche and theme of renewable energy generation this comparative study investigated innovation trends in the management and treatment of municipal solid waste in Africa by drawing comparison between the city of Nairobi and the eThekwini municipality. What the study has unearthed is that for almost a decade now, the eThekwini municipality has demonstrated to the continent that it is possible for African cities to achieve the twin objectives of generating clean renewable energy sources that contributes to economic development while at the same time reducing urban social and environmental problems associated with improper disposal of waste, a common blot on the African city-landscape. The municipality of eThekwini was the first city council not only in South Africa but also in the continent as a whole to initiate and implement a landfill gas to electricity project. Although there are currently no landfill gas to electricity projects in Nairobi, the Kenya Power previously made proposals to determine the levels of methane gas being released at Dandora; the country’s only designated and officially recognised dumpsite. There was also a
25THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
team that attempted to study the elements of gases such as carbon dioxide, sulphites and nitrates and methane at the dumpsite. Efforts have also been made by the Kenyan Government to improve municipal solid waste management through the enacting of a wide range of policy, institutional and legislative frameworks. In both cities there have been great efforts to promote the participation of a wide range of stakeholders such as the private sector, communities, youth groups and non-governmental organisations in the quest to ensure sustainable municipal solid waste management. The study produced a policy brief and a journal article. Research findings were presented at various seminars and conferences.
“Review of the governance and socio-economic impact of Ghana’s Petroleum Revenue Management Act 815 of 2011” was conducted by Dr Olivia Lwabukuna. The study was carried out in Tema and Accra, Ghana. The crux of the study was to explore the socio-economic and governance related impact and issues pertaining to the Petroleum Revenue Management Act which was promulgated in 2011 as well as its institutional implementation mechanisms. The Act and related institutions represent a central theme as far as extractive governance in Ghana is concerned. It is a symbol and indication by Ghana of an attempt to circumvent the resource curse that has plagued most resource rich African countries. The findings of the research included a better understanding and interpretation of Ghana’s Petroleum Revenue Management Act. They provided a better view of Ghana’s overall extractive governance architecture. What transpired is that there are numerous other significant institutional players in Ghana. These include monitoring and oversight mechanisms, as well as supporting statutory mechanisms that need to come into effect before the whole system can be effective. The results also included recognition that in as much as governance initiatives were set up in Ghana, and some were working well, small, yet key challenges remained including capacity, funding as well as dissemination issues. It was realised that it is still too early to notice any meaningful socio-economic impacts in Ghana, considering that the system is relatively new and extraction, especially within oil and gas sectors is yet to pick up at optimal levels. Compared to most resources rich African countries it emerged that Ghana is still one of Africa’s stable economies, and the initiatives at hand proved the existence of a mature democracy where the tri-sectoral partnership between government, civil society and private extractors are well respected and functioning. The study further revealed that good lessons can be obtained from the extractive governance system of Ghana,
as far as revenue management is concerned. The study produced one journal article and a policy brief. Findings were presented at a seminar and campus lecture at the University of KwaZulu-Natal.
“Exploration of attitudes towards multiculturalism in the schools of the Kunene Region in Namibia” was conducted by Dr Olga Bialostocka attempts to respond to the question: Does primary education in Namibia cater for a multicultural society? Informed by the concept of peace education, an element of which is multicultural education, the research entails studying attitudes of pupils and school personnel towards multiculturalism. It aims at exploring the awareness of and respect for the country’s cultural diversity in the school setting, understood as a condition for creating a learning environment that would be conducive for children of all cultural groups. The project, which has been designed as a pilot study, was conducted in the chosen primary schools in the Kunene Region of Namibia. The research will yield a policy brief, a journal article and a book chapter. The results were presented at an AISA seminar and some findings were discussed during a Peace Education panel session at the 4th Africa Unity for Renaissance conference 2014.
“Ecotourism and its impact on gender relations in rural Botswana” was conducted by Claudia Forster –Towne. The research was undertaken at an ecotourism camp in Botswana, Meno A Kwena, and its neighbouring community Moreomaoto. This research aimed to understand the total social organisation of labour (using Gluckmann’s theory) and how different labour, both in the home and out, interact and influence one another. The research was critical in its design and sought to understand not only what ‘opportunities’ are available to women (as identified in Botswana’s National Ecotourism Strategy) but to also identify how these ‘opportunities’ are viewed and what they mean in terms of other labour obligations. Further, the research sought to disrupt the binary construction of tourism labour being beneficial for women but troublesome for men by undertaking highly localised and in-depth research which avoided such Cartesian splits. Botswana has a National Ecotourism Strategy which highlights both the positive and negative familial impacts tourism may have. This research used a gendered lens to link the reproductive and productive lives of those working at the camp as well as to consider some of the social impacts the camp has on a rural community in Botswana. In-depth interviews informed by a life history approach were conducted. This research is important not only in its theoretical and methodological contributions but also because gender in
26 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
tourism, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, has been a neglected field of inquiry. A paper on the research topic was accepted for presentation at the Gender, Work and Organisation Conference at Keele University in June 2014. Research findings will also be shared with students at the University of Botswana. A journal article and 1 policy brief will be published from this work and this research also forms the genesis of an MA in Tourism currently being undertaken at the University of Johannesburg.
“A sustainable food system for the urban poor in Mamelodi East: A case study of household food consumption” was conducted by Charl van der Merwe. Urban population growth provides new and changing sets of developmental challenges. One of these challenges that particularly seem to be on the rise is urban food insecurity. The main argument is that because of an apparent rural bias towards food security concerns in international, regional and national policy agendas the plight of urban poor, including their vulnerability to food insecurity, is left unattended and thus under researched. Directly linked to this apparent rural bias towards food security issues is the perception that food insecurity in cities can be solved by simply increasing the levels of production of small farmers and agricultural production in rural areas. Furthermore general opinion seems to view food security mainly as a problem of availability of food. This however continues to enforce the view that food security is a rural agricultural issue and an issue of producing sufficient amounts of food, and does not account for the daily struggles of urban dwellers to gain access to that food. This research study therefore sought to increase the understanding of the depth of food insecurity in South African cities and the sustainability of current food systems in South African cities by using food supply and distribution and food consumption patterns of poor urban households as a lens through which urban food insecurity can be assessed. The study shows that financial resources coupled with unemployment or a lack of stable permanent employment is still one of the biggest hindrances in ensuring sustainable household food security and that social grants are still the biggest financial resource for the survival of poorer households in South Africa. In terms of access to food the study highlights the importance of ‘spaza’ shops for the food security of poor urban households. Urban agriculture in the form of vegetable gardens, ranging from very small to very big, was in some study sites a very critical source of food for households and the larger community. The research findings were already presented on two occasions – at the researcher’s post-fieldwork seminar as well as during a Campus Lecture at the University of Venda. Furthermore the research will have
three written research outputs – a policy brief, a journal article and the researcher’s Masters Dissertation.
Science and Technology Programme
The programme seeks to provide evidence based guidance on policy developments in areas of urban dynamics, green economy, energy systems, and human induced hazards. The programme strives to establish, participate in and maintain networks across Africa that will contribute to the successful development and prosperity of the continent. Factors and the environment that enable the Science and technology programme to conduct its research in Africa are:a) The increasing role of Science innovation in guiding
government policies and development strategies. b) The need to analyse public understanding of science
so as to provide governments with insight into society’s attitudes, understanding, aspirations and opinions regarding Science.
In 2013/2014 the Science and Technology programme focused on global environmental change, an overarching challenge facing the world today. The programme embarked on field based “analysis of effective energy mix for developing economies”, a research conducted by Shingirirai Mutanga. The fieldwork based research showed that emerging economies’ development priorities are shaping energy markets. Emerging economies are expected to make up the bulk of growth in demand for energy in the coming decades, with countries outside the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) accounting for 83 percent of expected growth in energy demand between 2008 and 2035. As the global centers of expansion, these countries will increasingly influence how new energy markets evolve–commercial frameworks, technology sharing and development, regulations, and preferences for fuels and technologies that meet their societies’ needs. In addition like most small islands, developing states with no indigenous reserves of fossil fuels, and no electricity interconnection, the case of Mauritius demonstrates its vulnerability to the risk of being without power and transport in the event of geo-political, economic or natural crisis. Policy development to ensure energy security thus will involve diversification of energy resources.
AISA Research Capacity
During the reporting financial year Research Division was operating at 100% capacity. We had 15 researchers.
27THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Sixty percent of AISA researchers have PhDs, 10% have Masters Qualifications and 30% are registered for their PhDs. This is a huge improvement compared to previous years. The full research capacity contributed significantly towards AISA meeting its targets and in some instances exceeding them.
AISA Internship programme
In line with South Africa’s human capital development strategy, AISA’s internship programme provides an opportunity to young South African graduates to gain work exposure and experience in research. A total of six interns were hosted by the AISA research division in the current reporting year. These made significant contribution to AISA’s publication outputs in the form of policy briefs and media comments (Appendix table C). AISA’s interns participate in all AISA flagship projects which gives them practical training in project management and conference organization. One of our interns secured a job at AISA as a junior researcher; others are employed in government departments and the private sector.
Research Outputs
The research output for AISA continued to grow, with footprints of research and publication being extended to the South Caucasus region, China and Africa at large. Twenty two journal articles (16 of which were published in accredited journals); 40 policy briefs, 3 books, 51 book chapters, and 2 occasional papers and 1 seminar proceedings were published in the 2013/2014 Financial Year. In addition presentations were made, nationally and internationally, at 68 conferences/seminars and workshops (Appendices A, B and C).
Expert opinions and Media visibility
The influence of AISA as the first point of contact for social and political developments in the continent has increased significantly over the years. AISA researchers are constantly invited by the media to comment on events and developments as they happen in Africa. Invitations increased from 90 to 104 in this reporting year. The issues researchers are requested to comment on include:• Political climate in Africa • Conflict and conflict resolution in Africa• The African Union• Environment• Climate change• Science and Technology• Investment trends and environment in Africa• Food security in Africa• Facts and some statistical data on Africa• Elections in Africa• Future predictions of Africa• Country Profiles
The inputs of AISA researchers on these issues has been impressive, with demand for AISA opinions on African affairs being on its highest levels (Appendix C).
Geo-information services and Cartography
The AISA Geo-information services and Cartography prides itself with a state of the art Web based portal (AISA geo-portal) which is a data gateway to Africa, with spatial data sets and spatial data services on socio-economic, demographic and geographical data for the continent. The portal contains a collection of historical maps on Africa estimated at 5 000.
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Cartography unit continue to serve as an integral arm for AISA’s research programmes. It plays a pivotal role in knowledge creation and understanding of African affairs. The unit serves as research laboratory and provide a kit of tools for data collection, collation and analysis in implementing AISA’s
Publications No. of publications
Published journal articles 22
Monographs/occasional/ technical Papers 2
Published book chapters 51
Books 3
Published policy briefs 40
Submitted journal articles 9
Submitted book chapters 4
Submitted Proceedings 1
Conferences/ seminars/workshops/lectures 68
Media Visibility No.
Radio 45
Television 20
Print media 9
Online media 30
Total 104
28 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Research Agenda. The unit retained its strategic vision of becoming an innovative geospatial hub for promoting excellence in the production and dissemination of spatial information on Africa.
Specific products are:• Geo-portal: www.ai-geoportal.org.za• Africa Fast Facts• Africa Focus.• Thematic Maps on Africa• Africa at a Glance• Africa A-Z Continental and Country Profiles• Historical Photo Collection
During this reporting period the unit has ensured maintenance and upgrading of AISA Geo-portal. This has seen the release of a new aesthetic look of the portal. Essentially the portal remains as a platform for accessing spatial datasets and data services in particular socio-economic, demographic and geographical; data for the continent.
The unit continues to provide a wide range of services to its clients. During this Financial Year the unit has witnessed a rising demand for its services from its researchers and external clients. The production of AISA’s unique Maps on Africa has risen from 50 to 55. Such maps include land
use change patterns, maps on epidemics, humanitarian crisis, IDPs and mapping of human induced hazards such as floods. Other maps produced were specific flagship products such as Africa in Focus, Africa at a glance and Africa A-Z.
Capacity Building in GIS and GIS Knowledge Dissemination.
The unit managed to participate in school outreach programmes together with the library and documentation services. The provinces visited were KZN, Free State and North West. The main purpose of the outreach was to provide career guidance to Grade 12 learners encouraging the learners to take up research and GIS as possible careers and to promote African awareness. It has been observed that many learners are not exposed to the field of social science and have no knowledge of careers such as GIS and Cartography.
The unit also participated in key international forums in the GIS sector among them was the Africa Geospatial Forum conference where AISA team, Ms Elize Van As and Mr Muhammad Oumar exhibited as an institutional partner and Mutanga Shingirirai convened the session on GIS applications in hazards and also presented on the role of GIS in monitoring human vulnerability to climate change extremes such as floods.
Cataloguing and Digitising of Maps and Photo collection
This exercise had begun the previous financial year with AISA holding a collection of unique maps and photos on Africa dating back to early 1960. The digitisation process aims at ensuring that these are well preserved and easily accessible by many South Africans, and the world at large. A total of 12 maps and 64 photos were digitised, edited and CATALOGUED on the WIZCAT.
29THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AISA’s Flagship publications
Through its flagship publications Africa A to Z, The State of Africa and Africa at a Glance, AISA provides an up to date information on the profiles of all 54 member countries of Africa and also gives an analysis of the state of an identified discipline or area of importance in Africa. These three important books are published once in two years and in 2012/2013 AISA published Africa A to Z and The State of Africa. The 2013/14 flagship book Africa at a Glance has been compiled for publication but awaits update on vital information that can only be obtained after the elections that have to take place in the months of May to August 2014. Publishing the book without this information would defeat the purpose as it is also published once in two years. This book will therefore be published in October 2014.
Published Books
Three books were published in 2013/2014 through the commissioning and engagement of AISA Research Fellows. These books also contain book chapters contributed by AISA researchers. Details on each book can be obtained from the report by the Publications Division. The books are:• Indigenous People’s Rights edited by R. Laher and K.
SingOei. • Renegotiating the social contract in Africa, edited by
Dr O. Osha. • African Union Ten Years After: Solving African
problems with Pan-Africanism and the African Renaissance edited by Mammo Muchie, Phindile Lukhele-Olorunju and Benjamin Akpor.
Fifth Archie Mafeje Memorial Lecture
In collaboration with the Archie Mafeje Research Institute (AMRI) and the Kara Heritage Institute AISA held its Fifth Annual Archie Mafeje Memorial Lecture on the 28th of
March 2014 at the Kara Heritage Institute. The Annual Archie Mafeje Memorial Lecture Series celebrates the memory of the late Prof Archie Mafeje, an inspiring figure who worked tirelessly to highlight the importance of being an African through self-knowledge, self‐control and self-emancipation. The Annual Memorial Lecture is one of the many ways in which AISA is preserving the ideas and the intellectual capital of African scholars. Dr Wally Serote gave a keynote address titled “Reflection on Africa’s intellectuals who have shaped the developmental agenda of Africa: past and present”. Also on the panel were Professor Somadoda Fikeni and Mr Khwezi ka-Mpumulwana. The Archie Mafeje family was represented by Ms Boni Swana. The paper presentations will be published under AISA proceedings. Third Scramble for Africa Conference now renamed Africa Unity for Renaissance Conference
The theme for the year was ‘Fifty years after the founding of the OAU: Africa must unite or perish’’. It took place in May 2013 and was hosted by AISA in partnership with the Tshwane University of Technology (TUT), Thabo Mbeki Leadership Institute (TMALI), Statistics South Africa (STATSA), National Research Foundation (NRF), Department of Arts and Culture (DAC), Department of International Relations and Cooperation (DIRCO), Ditsong Museum and the Centre for Black Arts and African Civilization (Nigeria). This conference brought together scholars from Africa and the Diaspora, Canada, USA, UK, Turkey and South America. Topics presented and debated covered areas such as the African Union and Pan-Africanism, trade and development; African Independence, Afro-centricity vs Coloniality. A 24 chapter book from this conference has been submitted for publication. The conference always concludes with a Declaration and the celebration of the May 25 Africa Day.
Africa Day Celebration
In 2013, the AU declared the whole year as a year of celebrating Africa and the OAU at 50. AISA in collaboration with the Kara Heritage Institute celebrated Black Month on 2 February 2014. This offered an opportunity to Africans to return to the African roots as Sir Seretse Khama noted that, “The achievement of the Pan African ideals of self-worth, self-reliance and independence are pillars of the African (i.e. 21st) Century. Africans cannot achieve these ideals without self-knowledge, mastery of the African history and culture”.
30 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AISA Campus lecture Series and seminars
AISA’s campus lecture series seeks to share African experience with university students and the public that is interested in gaining knowledge about Africa. In 2013/2014 a total of 577 students were reached at the Universities of Venda, North West, KZN and Johannesburg. For the first time, this year, AISA researchers also shared their knowledge with the FETs.
AISA Ambassadorial Forums
The Ambassadorial Forum is one of AISA’s flagship projects that provides a platform for Diplomats, Civil Society and Think tanks to define their foreign policies, investments and market opportunities of their countries. It is a pivotal part of AISA’s outreach strategy of which its main partner has been the City of Tshwane. The continued partnership with the City of Tshwane remains an important part of AISA’s strategy. Being residence to at least 132 diplomatic missions, the City of Tshwane can be viewed as Africa’s leading capital of excellence.
AISA Young Graduates and Scholars’ Conference
This conference took place in February 2014 and it attracted over 200 students representing seven African countries. We also had students from Germany and Japan participating. There were 48 papers presented by young graduates and scholars. The quality of the papers that were presented by these young scholars has improved over the years and this makes it possible for AISA to publish
31THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
a selected few in a peer-reviewed book. The conference combined the paper presentation session and an academic debate both of which carried prize tags for the overall best paper, best presenter, best debater and other small prizes linked to the different sub-themes we had. The French embassy, Erasmus Mundus fellowship, DST/NRF, American (Fulbright) Embassy, German Embassy and Earth Science made presentations on fellowship programmes that the AYGS participants could consider for building themselves up academically. This year’s conference was in partnership with the University of Johannesburg and we had eight South African universities participating.
AISA Partnerships
AISA partners continue to be of great value in implementing AISA’s strategy. With limited resources our partners have served as reliable alternatives. The following projects have been successfully implemented with partners in 2013/2014:
AISA’s Young Graduate and Scholars Conference in partnership with the University of Johannesburg, ICSU and Kara Heritage Institute.
Celebrating Fifteen Years of South Africa-China diplomatic relations in partnership with the Embassy of China and DIRCO.
Proposed Special Economic Zones: one stop shop for South Africa. Proceedings published in partnership with Department of Trade and industry.Africa Conference in partnership with the Tshwane University of Technology (TUT), Thabo Mbeki Leadership Institute (TMALI), Statistics South Africa (STATSA), National Research Foundation (NRF), Department of Arts and Culture (DAC), Department of International Relations and Cooperation (DIRCO), Ditsong Museum and the Centre for Black Arts and African Civilization (Nigeria).
Campus lecture Series in partnership with South African tertiary institutions and the Department of Defence.
In addition following project have been established with partners:-
Fellowship for AISA Researcher awarded by the Embassy of Azerbaijan:
Through its annual fellowship programme, the Embassy of Azerbaijan awarded Dr Makgetlaneng a fellowship. Through the fellowship opportunity Dr Makgetlaneng served as a Visiting Research Fellow at the Center for Strategic Studies, Economic Analysis and Global Affairs Department in Baku, Azerbaijan from January to April 2014. His research fellowship topic was: Azerbaijan as a Regional Economic Driver. He presented a paper, Azerbaijan as a Regional Economic Driver: Opportunities and Challenges. The fellowship programme is jointly organised by the Azerbaijan International Development Agency and the Center for Strategic Studies. It is designed to provide foreign research fellows with extensive knowledge on Azerbaijan’s geopolitics, energy and foreign policy strategy as well as regional security issues, involving the South Caucasus and Central Asia.
32 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
SafeThink Scholarship Programme, in partnership with the Embassy of France
Through its Safethink Scholarship programme the embassy of France continues to partner with AISA and other Think tanks in providing South Africans with an opportunity to study in any of the prestigious institutions in France. The programme was launched in 2010 with the view of strengthening the connections between South African research institutions and their French counterparts. The programme objectives are i) to integrate French, European and francophone African Scientific networks, ii) establish sustainable cooperation between South African Think Tanks and their French Counterparts.
South Africa’s Competitiveness research programme in partnership with Brand SA
Brand South Africa and AISA signed a cooperation agreement with the purpose of collaborating on a strategic research project titled South Africa In(c). Brand South Africa’s work, as official marketing and reputation management Agency of South Africa, deals in the realm of perception management. The collaborative research is based on a unique multi-disciplinary methodological and theoretical approach. It aims to assist with the development of insight into perceptions of selected African countries on South Africa.
Economic Policy Forum (EPF) in partnership with CIRD and GIZ
The economic Policy Forum is an alliance of think tanks from emerging economies as well as from selected developed economies, including Germany. The key objective of EPF is to provide a platform for knowledge sharing and collaborative, policy-oriented research on key economic policy challenges faced by emerging economies, in particular on the stability of the world economy and the quality of growth. In supporting research findings into domestic and international reform processes, EPF seeks to contribute to better-informed policy making, in emerging economies and globally. In addition, EPF aims at strengthening the capacity of think tanks to better shape policy making processes. AISA has been e member of EPF since its inception two years ago.
33THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Resource mobilisation
The research division was able to raise more than R2 million through partnerships, sponsorships and commissioned work. This represents a significant improvement from previous years.
Revenue Stream Activity
In Kind Contribution Sponsored fellowship (Dr Sehlare Makgetlaneng to Baku, Azerbaijan)
Sponsored conference participation (Dr Thokozani Simelane to China)
Sponsored conference participation (Dr Thokozani Simelane to Baku, Azerbaijani)
Sponsored symposium/book launch participation (Dr Thokozani Simelane, Mr Shingirirai Mutanga and Mr Solani Ngobeni to Mauritius)
Sponsored conference participation (Shingirirai Mutanga to India)
Sponsored conference participation ( Ntsako Nkuna to China)
Sponsored conference participation ( Dr Sylvester Maphosa to Addis Ababa, Kenya/ Nairobi and USA)
Sponsored conference participation ( Mr Check Achu to Addis Ababa)
Sponsored conference participation (Barbara Mashope to China)
Sponsored conference participation ( Dr Trynos Gumbo and Simamkele Boloka to Cape Town)
Election observation in Zimbabwe (Dr Makgetlaneng, Ms Ithuteng Nkhereanye and Mr Marvin Mathye
Sponsorships FOCAC Conference Attendance in Tanzania (Ms Yazini April)
Conference attendance in Cape Town (Dr Trynos Gumbo)
Archie Mafeje Memorial Lecture
Celebrating 15 years of South Africa China Diplomatic Relations
AISA Young Graduate and Scholars Conference
Scramble for Africa Conference
Africa Day Celebration
Commissioned work SAIIA commissioned Occasional Paper
CSIR Commissioned research on book project
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
PUBLICATIONSDIVISION
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
37THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Solani NgobeniDirector: Publications
Pamela MorwaneEditorial Assistant
Mmakwena ChipuAssistant Editor
Nonjabulo DladlaAssistant Editor
Shihlovo ShishaveleIntern
Kate SpeirsIntern
Rosemary LepuleAdministration Officer
Dumisani KewutiSales Representative
Publications Division
38 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
PUBLICATIONS DIVISION
The Publications Division is a conduit through which the research outputs of the Africa Institute of South Africa (AISA) are disseminated. Our publications are from diverse contributors – both internally and externally – with a keen interest in African issues. Africa Insight, which is our flagship journal, is an IBSS accredited and peer-reviewed journal. The division publishes policy briefs, newsletters, monographs, occasional papers and books.
Books
1. Bondage of Boundaries and Identity Politics in Postcolonial Africa: The ‘Northern Problem’ and Ethno-Futures
What has confounded African efforts to create cohesive, prosperous and just states in postcolonial Africa? What has been the long-term impact of the Berlin Conference of 1884-5 on African unity and African statehood? Why is postcolonial Africa haunted by various ethnonational conflicts? Is secession and irredentism the solution? Can we talk of ethno-futures for Africa? These are the kinds of fundamental questions that this important book addresses.
Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni and Brilliant Mhlanga’s book introduces the metaphor of the ‘northern problem’ to dramatise the fact that there is no major African postcolonial state that does not enclose within its borders a disgruntled minority that is complaining of marginalization, domination and suppression. The irony is that in 1963 at the formation of the OAU, postcolonial African leaders embraced the boundaries arbitrarily drawn by European colonialists and institutionalised the principle of inviolability of ‘bondage of boundaries’ thereby contributing to the problem of ethno-national conflicts.
The successful struggle for independence of the Eritrean people and the secession of South Sudan in 2011 have encouraged other dominated and marginalised groups throughout Africa to view secession as an option. Ndlovu-Gatsheni and Mhlanga successfully assembled competent African scholars to deal exhaustively with various empirical cases of ethno-national conflicts throughout the African continent as well as engaging with such pertinent issues as Pan-Africanism as a panacea to these problems. This important book delves deeper into complex issues of space, languages, conflict, security, nation-building, war on terror, secession, migration, citizenship, militias, liberation, violence and Pan-Africanism.
2. Nationalism and National Projects in Southern Africa: New Critical Reflections
Despite the fact that nationalism and its national projects have in recent years been severely criticised by postcolonial theorists for being essentialist, fundamentalist and archaic; by feminists for being patriarchal and exclusive; by global financial institutions for being antagonistic to development and globalisation; by pan-Africanists for being anti-continental unity; and by those Africans born after decolonization for being irrelevant; Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni and Finex Ndhlovu’s book convincingly argue that nationalism has defied its death and displayed remarkable resilience and resonance. Since the end of the Cold War, what has been poignant has been the enduring contest, tensions and contradictions between the growth of various forms of transnationalism on the one hand and a resurgence of territorial as well as other narrow and xenophobic forms of nationalism on the other. In this important book, Ndlovu-Gatsheni and Ndhlovu provides new critical reflections on nationalism and its national projects in Southern Africa covering South Africa, Zimbabwe and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC, a member of SADC). The national question is interrogated from different disciplinary vantage points to reveal how it impinges on contemporary challenges of nation-building, development, devolution of power, language questions, and citizenship on the one hand and ethnicity, nativism and xenophobia on the other.
3. African Union Ten Years After: Solving African problems with Pan-Africanism and the African Renaissance
This book deals with The Africa Union Ten Years After: Putting Africa First is Putting Humanity First. This is the second in a series of books to be produced each year by holding annual conferences on the multi-faceted issue of African liberation.
39THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
The key themes of the book explore ways of strengthening and improving the efficiency of the African Union, unity amongst African countries, building ownership of the African Union by the people and communities and the entrenchment of Pan-Africanism as a viable programme of action to unite Africans by appreciating differences. In addition, the thought of the key figures of Pan-Africanism and black emancipation such as Sylvester Williams and Frantz Fanon is re-positioned to even greater contemporary relevance so that thoughts that stimulate Africans to stand up together to go far and never again all into humiliation are enriched. We trust this book will add interest, identity and fresh thinking on how Africans move forward together by promoting, with high social and trust capital, Pan-Africanism and the African Renaissance to enter a post-colonial era where policies and actions are determined by the united agency of free Africans the world over.
4. Laying the BRICS of a New Global Order: from Yekaterinburg 2009 to eThekwini 2013
The contributions in this compilation on the emergence of a new global order through BRICS serve to illustrate the complexities inherent in the creation of such a coalition – alternatively referred to as a “grouping”, “association” or “forum” – with each country differently situated geo-politically as well as ideologically and culturally, and in some instances even in conflict with one another in matters of regional peace and security. The fact that there are important commonalities of converging interests, amongst others, the status of emerging economic powers and the furtherance of South-South cooperation as well as reforming global governance, cannot and should not hide complexities and contradictions. These are clearly apparent both within and between the BRICS countries. These diversities are also clear from the varied perspectives of the chapter authors in this compilation, which is why we have assembled this collection relatively loosely as a means of expressing our intellectual and analytic convergences and divergences within and across BRICS. Each chapter contributor writes from a different discipline, country and regional perspective, and it is this diversity that enriches the debate and conversation. As such, there remains enormous room for debate on the subject matter of this book and the diverse contributions open up the parameters of the debate even further. The aim is to ensure that scholars, commentators and practitioners continue to engage critically with theory and practice related to global multilateralism, and BRICS in particular.
5. The Educational Dream: Rethinking Educational Transformation in Zimbabwe
The role of education in human wellbeing and social development cannot be overestimated. After a number of highly commendable policies on education in the first decade of independence, the education system in Zimbabwe has taken a tumble that needs both examining and rectifying. This volume analyses the challenges facing the education system in Zimbabwe and explores and scrutinises theoretical and practical possibilities for restoring the educational dream that was initiated at independence in 1980. The book is targeted at academics, scholars, college and university students, policy makers and other stakeholders and advocates a multi-pronged approach that must involve all stakeholders if educational retransformation, reconstruction and restoration are to be achieved. The authors provide a range of recommendations for a project that would restore the educational dream in Zimbabwe.
6. The Future We Chose: Emerging Perspectives on the Centenary of the ANC
This book foregrounds emerging and different perspectives on the centenary of the ANC which was celebrated in February 2012. Differing in tenor, methodology and style, we present nineteen chapters that tackle various epochs and events in the making of the centenary of the oldest political organisation in Africa. The book offers new angles to our understanding of what sustained the ANC over one hundred years in spite of all the internal and external contradictions.
There is arguably a view that part of what distinguishes the ANC from other revolutionary movements in the continent is that from the turn of the twentieth century its founders prioritised national unity across tribal, ethnic, linguistic, religious, gender and racial identities. This ideal of national unity informed their responses to the formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910 and the declaration of the South African Republic in 1961. In principle, the leadership was opposed not to these manifestations of concrete nation state formation but to the practice of excluding the majority of South African citizens according to racial markers.
40 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
As a contribution to the historiography of the ANC and that of South Africa which it was established to liberate, the book tackles the following critical questions: what traits in the ANC’s genetic code have kept it alive for one hundred years? Is the ANC on course to meeting its historical mission of building an equitable, non-racial, non-sexist and socially-democratic society as articulated in the Africans’ Claims, the Freedom Charter and the Strategy and Tactics documents? Finally, would the ANC continue to retain relevance for a bicentenary especially as it now contends with new internal and external contradictions in an increasingly unequally society and unipolar world order? This new hypothetical architecture, hopefully, will be employed by many others engaged in the study of the rise and fall of political organisations.
7. Africa Yearbook (9) 2012
The Africa Yearbook covers major domestic political developments, the foreign policy and socio-economic trends in sub-Sahara Africa – all related to developments in one calendar year. The Yearbook contains articles on all sub-Saharan states, each of the four sub-regions (West, Central, Eastern, Southern Africa) focusing on major cross-border developments and sub-regional organizations as well as one article on continental developments and one on African-European relations. While the articles have thorough academic quality, the Yearbook is mainly oriented to the requirements of a large range of target groups: students, politicians, diplomats, administrators, journalists, teachers, practitioners in the field of development aid as well as business people.
The Africa Yearbook has won the ASA 2012 Conover-Porter Book Award!
8. Social Contract in Africa
This book employs the event of the Arab Spring revolution of 2011 to reflect on the event itself and beyond. Some of the chapters address the colonial encounter and its lingering reverberations on the African socio-political landscape. Others address the aftermath of large scale societal violence and trauma that pervade the African context. The contributions indicate the range of challenges confronting African societies in the postmodern era. They also illustrate the sheer resilience and inventiveness of those societies in the face of apparently overwhelming odds.
What is the nature of political power in contemporary Africa as constituted from below instead of being a state-driven phenomenon? What constitutes sovereignty without recourse to the usual academic responses and discourses? These two questions loom behind most of the deliberations contained in this book with contributions from an impressive field of international scholars.
9. Building Peace from Within: An Examination of Community-Based Peacebuilding and Transitions in Africa
This book seeks to examine how successful models of building ‘peace from within’ in the African context function. It draws emerging lessons to provide critical recommendations on policy, practice and academia – our primary audience. While there are numerous examples of failures of conflict resolution in Africa, shown by intractable conflict axes, less attention is paid to successes. While acknowledging the challenges that exist, this edited volume provides positive examples of building peace from within in fragile contexts through many forms of initiatives and actions at different levels: community-based (through individual and/or collective local peace initiatives), government (through ministries and/or departments), and regional (through external and/or multilateral infrastructure for peace). As a guiding principle the notion of building peace from within draws from the idea of community regeneration, which describes voluntary and peaceful activities of grassroots actors that reflect their broader interests of building peaceful communities and existence.
10. Indigenous People in Africa: Contestations, Empowerment and Group Rights
Decolonisation in Africa did not lead to an era of extensive restitution of land to indigenous peoples whose ancestral homelands were forcefully seized by European colonialists. Since independence most African nation-states have failed to remedy the ongoing dislocation of indigenous communities. Instead the view adopted – either through express
41THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
policy or benign neglect – is that the imperatives of a modern developmental state is incompatible with the recognition of indigenous property systems. Consequently, most post-colonial African states actively block or stifle claims of past appropriations while asserting contemporary land grabs. This undemocratic injustice is manipulated by ‘new’ political and economic elites in much the same manner – and often with the same violent outcomes – as it was during the era of European colonisation.
This is the troubling context of indigenous life in post-colonial Africa. It was against this backdrop that the decade-long struggle for recovery of Endorois land in Kenya ensued. Though that struggle continues, what is significant for indigenous rights in Africa and elsewhere is that the Endorois case led to a groundbreaking decision by the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR). The decision provides a critical and provocative space to evaluate the place and meaning of customary based property rights systems in Africa.
The Endorois case establishes a new and vibrant continental narrative on the relationship between the post-colonial African nation-state and indigenous peoples. This space will no doubt prompt reflective discussions about the character and content of the post-colonial nation-state: its developmental aspirations, the context and substance of indigeneity and indigenous rights, the role of ancestral land and natural resources, the purpose of culture and language preservation, gender equity imperatives, environmental conservation, democratic representation and citizenship, among others.
This volume is an attempt to provide this intersectional and reflexive space. The thinking behind the book began in Lamu in mid-2010. It was a time when growing community resistance emerged towards the Kenyan government’s plan to build a second seaport under a trans-frontier infrastructural project known as the Lamu Port- South Sudan-Ethiopia Transport Corridor (LAPSSET). The editors agreed that a book that draws community activists, academics, researchers and policy makers into a discussion of the predicament of indigenous rights and development against the backdrop of the Endorois case was timely and needed.
Assembled here are the original contributions of some of the leading contemporary thinkers in the area of indigenous and human rights in Africa. The book is an interdisciplinary effort with the single purpose of thinking through indigenous rights after the Endorois case but it is not a singular laudatory remark on indigenous life in Africa. The discussion begins by framing indigenous rights and claims to indigeneity as found in the Endorois decision and its related socio-political history. Subsequent chapters provide deeper contextual analysis by evaluating the tense relationship between indigenous peoples and the post-colonial nation-state. Overall, the book makes a peering and provocative contribution to the relational interests between state policies and the developmental intersections of indigeneity, indigenous rights, gender advocacy, environmental conservation, chronic trauma and transitional justice.
Africa Insight
Africa Insight Vol 43 (1)
1. The Middle East, North America and the ‘Arab Spring’:Towards revolutionary change or authoritarian adaptation?Garth le Pere
2. The Making if the New Turkish Foreign and Security Policy towards Africa:The Rationale, Roots and DynamicsAbdurrahim Siradag
3. The Lord’s Resistance Army in the DRC:The Problem of Ungoverned Spaces and Related Regional InsecurityTheo Neethling
42 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
4. Conceptual Definition, Content Validity and Dimensionality of the International Construct:A South African Higher Education PerspectivePumela Msweli
5. Dynamics and Politics of Small Arms and Light Weapons in Violent Conflicts Arms Control and its Challenges in SomaliaLyn Snodgrass and Philip Arthur Njuguna Mwanika
6. The Political Economy of Carbon Tax in South Africa:A Critical AnalysisThembani Mbadlanyana
7. An Analysis of Factors that Negatively Affect the performance of Ward Committees in the Buffalo City MunicipalityReuben Masango, Primrose Mfene and Thandisizwe Henna
8. Good Governance and Effective Public Administration in AfricaKedibone Phago
9. Book Review:African foreign policy and diplomacy from antiquity to the 21st century, Volume 1Reviewed by Oluwaseun Bamidele
Africa Insight Vol 43 (2)
1. South Africa’s SAFARI:From nuclear weapons to nuclear medicineJo-Ansie van Wyk
2. Measuring Empowerment in the Democratic Developmental StateFanie Cloete and Christelle Auriacombe
3. Applying East Asian Media Diplomacy Models to African Media:A First StepCobus van Staden
4. Does South Africa Still Need the Southern African Customs Union in the Advancement of its Long-Term Strategic Interests in Southern Africa and Africa?Sehlare Makgetlaneng
5. An Assessment of Community Members’ Knowledge of Drug-resistant Tuberculosis and HIV and AIDS in the Eastern Cape Province, South AfricaThanduxolo Fana, Thokozile Mayekiso and Calvin Gwandure
6. Peacebuilding in the Midst of Violence:A Systemic Approach to Building Peace in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the CongoSylvester Bongani Maphosa
7. Managing Political Risk:Corporate Social Responsibility as a Risk Mitigation Tool – A Focus on the Niger Delta, Southern NigeriaSiri Moen and Derica Lambrechts
43THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
8. Collective Emotion and Communal Memory:Psychopolitical Dimensions of Intractable Violent ConflictLyn Snodgrass and Shana Lamb
9. Book Review:Restorative Justice in Africa:From Trans-Dimensional Knowledge to a Culture of HarmonyReviewed by Sabelo Ndlovu-Gatsheni
Africa Insight Vol 43 (3)
1. Taiwan–Swaziland Relations:Interrogating an Enduring BondAlbert K Domson-Lindsay
2. Re-imaging Ethnicity:Revisiting the Politics of Violence in the Great Lakes Region of AfricaNicasius Achu Check
3. Public Policy Responses to the Global Financial and Economic Crisis:Lessons from South AfricaTheresa Moyo
4. Political Opportunism, Corruption and Underdevelopment in AfricaWaziri B Adisa
5. Can a New Export Promotion Strategy Revitalise Zimbabwe’s Economy?Macleans Mzumara, Marianne Matthee and Ermie Steenkamp
6. Modes of Innovation and the Prospects for Economic Integration in AfricaMario Scerri
7. Professionalism in Meeting Social Assistance:Interventions Adopted by the South African Social Security AgencyThoko Mayekiso, Derek Taylor and Enaleen Draai
8. Digital Communication, Democracy and Active Citizen Engagement in South AfricaCharl van der Merwe and Narnia Bohler-Muller
9. Book Review:Laying the BRICS of a New Global Order:From Yekaterinburg 2009 to eThekwini 2013Reviewed by Chris Saunders
Africa Insight Vol 43 (4)
1. The Madagascar Crisis, SADC Mediation and the changing Indian Oceanic order Siphamandla Zondi and Busisiwe Khaba
2. Advancing African interest at the UN: South Africa’s Voting Behaviour Suzanne Elizabeth Graham
44 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
3. A Comparative Analysis of Local Governance between South Africa and China Funeka Yazini April
4. Weaving the Web of Resilience: Managing Community Knowledge as Resource for Resilience and Lasting Peace in Africa Andreas Velthuizen
5. The Festering Sore of Corruption in Africa and its Implications for Democratic Consolidation Adeniyi S Basiru
6. Who owns Mediation at the African Union (AU)? Understanding the Causes of the AU Mediation Ineffectiveness in the Libya Crisis of 2011 Eric Blanco Niyitunga
7. Nigeria’s South African Policy 1973-1993: A study in Historical Materialism and International Relations Ojie Chikwuemeka Ojione
8. Anthropological Perceptions of Gender in Soccer: The Case of Tsakane Schools in Gauteng Province David Legodi Bogopa
9. An Investigation into Kyoto Protocol’s CDM as Kenya’s Green Economy Transition Mechanism Brenda Nyambura and Godwell Nhamo
10. What Constrains Effective Public Financial Management in Africa Democracies? A Preliminary Analysis Benon C Basheka and Kedibone Phago
11. Spatial analysis of Human Exposure and Vulnerability to Coastal Flooding in Dar as Salam, Tanzania Shangirirai Mutanga, Barnabas Mwiruki and Abel Ramoelo
POLICY BRIEFS
1. African-American Perceptions of Obama 2. Decentralised South-South Cooperation and South Africa’s Post-conflict Support in Africa: What Role for
SADPA? 3. Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) and Sustainable Natural Resources Exploitation in Africa: Lessons from Diamond Mining
in Chiadzwa, Zimbabwe4. South Africa’s Foreign Policy: Striving towards Mandela’s Ideals5. Health Care Reform in the US and in South Africa: Does New Policy Cure the Disease or Merely Alleviate the Symptoms?6. Providing for teachers who educate in disadvantaged communities in South Africa and the United States7. The Aftermath of the BRICS Fifth Summit: The Contradictions of International Political Economy8. Integrating employment creation and skills development: The case of Expanded Public Works Programmes in South
Africa9. Dani Wadada Nabudere’s Theoretical Explanation of Imperialism: 10. Has South Africa managed to coordinate SADC’s response to Zimbabwe11. Of Rent Seekers and Agencies: Insurgencies and Arms Proliferation in the Great Lakes Region of Africa 12. The Pros and Cons of the Criminal Jurisdiction of the Proposed African Court of Justice and Human Rights 13. Failure to tap the service potential of South African police reservists 14. We Need to Do Better, and We Can: One Group Surrendering is Hardly a Return to Peace and Prosperity15. Liberation Heritage Route: Reminiscent of the Painful Past or a Road to the Future?16. Green Revolution: One Group Surrendering is Hardly a Return to Peace and Prosperity17. The Future of Emerging Economies’ Energy Mix: Lessons from Mauritius18. On South Africa’s Intervention on the African Continent: Utopia and Myth Distinguished
45THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
19. The Supremacy of the United Nations in the Maintaining International Peace and the Question of its Reform20. The Architecture that Works in Housing the Urban Poor in Developing Countries: Formal Land Access and Dweller
Control 21. State and Non-State Actors in South African Public Policy
OCCASIONAL PAPERS
1. Emerging economies and the new dynamics of South-South cooperation by Fritz Nganje and Mzukisi Qobo2. 3. Africa and Developmental Diplomacy in the Global South: The Challenge of Stabilization by Francis Kornegay
LECTURES AND CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
1. Archie Mafeje – Land Reform, Land Grabbing and Agricultural Development in Africa in the Twenty-First Century
2. Proceedings of the BRICS Think Tank Workshop – 5th BRICS Academic Forum
INSTITUTIONAL PUBLICATIONS
1. Annual Report of AISA 2012/2013 2. Catalogue 2013/2014 3. AISA Updated Author Guidelines 2013
PROMOTION AND MARKETING OF BOOKS AT CONFERENCES ATTENDED
1. Freedom Day Seminar (Jesse Jackson)
2. SALO Seminar (Building Regional & International Consensus in Zimbabwe)
3. Thabo Mbeki Foundation Annual Lecture Lecture
4. Scramble for Africa conference
5. AMRI Annual Lecture
6. BRICS Summit (IGD)
7. Africa Day Conference
8. Wits Business School Seminar on International Affairs
9. MISTRA Publishing Seminar
10. ECAS2013
11. HSRC BRICS seminar series
12. Horace Campbell NATO seminar
Sheraton Hotel, Pretoria
Burgers Park Hotel
UNISA
Manhattan hotel
UNISA
IGD
UFS
Wits Business School
MISTRA Offices in Woodmead
Lisbon
HSRC
Burgers Park Hotel
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Seminar
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
April 2013
April 2013
May 2013
May 2013
May 2013
May 2013
May 2013
May 2013
June 2013
June 2013
July 2013
August 2013
46 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
PROMOTION AND MARKETING OF BOOKS AT CONFERENCES ATTENDED
13. PASA Annual General Meetings
14. Limpopo Summer Lectures
15. FOCAC-China Forum
16. HSRC Lecture Series: The BRICS Development Bank and Public Infrastructure Investment: Providing Basic Services for Sustainable Human Development
17. South African Positive Social Sciences Symposium
18. Sustainable Learning Environments and Social Justice Colloquium
19. South African Association of Political Studies
20. SAIIA/BPC Conference ‘BRICS and Africa – A Partnership for Sustainable Development?’
21. BRICS CONFERENCE
22. COGTA / BRICS conference
23. UNISA Summer School
24. SALO workshop
25. AYGS
26. Archie Mafeje Memorial Lecture
PASA-Vineyard Hotel Cape Town
University of Limpopo
DIRCO
The HSRC
North West University, Vaal Campus
University of the Free State, Bloemfontein Campus
UNISA, Kgorong
Crowne Plaza Hotel, Rosebank
Hosted by COGTA, Durban ICC
Durban
UNISA, Pretoria
Burgerspark Hotel, Pretoria
University of Johannesburg
Kara Heritage Institute, Pretoria
None
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
August 2013
September 2013
September 2013
September 2013
October 2013
October 2013
October 2013
November 2013
November 2013
November 2013
January 2014
February 2014
February 2014
March 2014
47THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
BOOK LAUNCHES
BOOK LAUNCHES
1. Triumph and Prosperity of Education In Africa
2. Restorative Justice in Africa
3. TMALI Book Series Launch Symposium
4. Triumph and Prosperity of Education In Africa
5. Bondage of Boundaries and Identity Politics in Postcolonial Africa
6. Nationalism and National Projects in Southern Africa
7. FOCAC
8. Laying the BRICS of a New Global Order
9. The African Union Ten Years After
10. The Future We Chose – Emerging Perspectives on the Centenary of the ANC
11. The Future We Chose – Emerging Perspectives on the Centenary of the ANC
12. The Future We Chose – Emerging Perspectives on the Centenary of the ANC
Event Venue/Host Promotion/Marketing type Date
Ditsong
UNISA
UNISA
NMMU
TUKS
UNISA
DIRCO
Burgers Park Hotel
NRF
Liliesleaf, Rivonia
Marco’s African Place, Cape Town
Kashmir Restaurant, Umhlanga, Durban
Book Launch/Exhibition
Book Launch/Exhibition
Book Launch/Exhibition
Book Launch/Exhibition
Book Launch/Exhibition
Book Launch/Exhibition
Book Launch/Exhibition
Book Launch/Exhibition
Book Launch/Exhibition
Book Launch/Exhibition
Book Launch/Exhibition
Book Launch/Exhibition
May 2013
May 2013
August 2013
September 2013
September 2013
September 2013
September 2013
November 2013
November 2013
January 2014
February 2014
March 2014
1. London Book Fair
2. Frankfurt Book Fair
Event Venue/Host Promotion/Marketing type Date
London
Frankfurt
Exhibition
Exhibition
April 2013
October 2013
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
LIBRARY ANDDOCUMENTATION
SERVICES
50 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Salamina MolamuManager: LDS
Sam MokgohloaInformation Monitor
Tshepiso MakhobotloaneCataloguer
Phelokazi Nongxa-TokoyiInformation Specialist
Abel ModiseLibrarian
Charlene BadenhorstAdministrative Assistant
Thabiso KobediPrint Room Operator
Khumbelo TheweliIntern
Library and Documentation Services
51THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
1. Background information
The Library and Documentation Services (LDS) was established in 1960 and has been growing ever since. It is the leading library on Africa and African affairs and always supports the institutional vision of being ‘the indispensable African voice on African affairs’.
Key Performance Indicator (KPI) Targets
The following key performance targets were set for the financial year 2013/14:
1.1 Expanding the LDS holdings; 1.2 Providing efficient and effective services to
clients; 1.3 Creating increased awareness of AISA mandate,
products and services; and 1.4 Knowledge creation and dissemination.
2. Expanding the LDS Holdings
LDS supports the mandate of AISA through growing the specialised collection of materials on Africa and African affairs. It seeks to hold publications on politics, economics, social issues, security, peacekeeping, human rights, elections and geo-political issues in Africa. During the year, 101 books were procured, of which only 45 were received during this reporting period. Furthermore 159 exchange publications, 13 annual reports (14 volumes) and 62 donations were received. LDS received 349 individual direct subscription periodicals this financial year. One new additional periodical titled, China Action Money was added in the collection.
The library collection is not only built through purchases but through exchanges as well. Exchanges occur through agreements made with other institutions whereby they provide us with various publications and we provide the same service. This year saw a decline in the number of exchange publications received. To date 134 exchange publications have been cancelled due to lack of funds from the institutions that we have agreements with. Because of online publishing and the decline of hardcopy material some
work no longer exists and some institutions are no longer interested in exchanges.
LDS holdings are also expanded through an electronic database (DM5) of daily newspaper articles covering political, economic and social aspects on Africa. A total of 1 689 newspaper articles were profiled on DM5. Through this database AISA’s own researchers and external clients can keep up to date with the latest information on Africa in the printed media.
3. Providing efficient and effective services to clients
Clients in this regard refer to researchers, internal and external, other internal departments, government departments, city councils/municipalities, private sector organisations, multi-national companies, non-governmental organisations, embassies, tertiary institutions and the general public. Clients are mostly from the Department of International Relations and Cooperation (DIRCO), South African National Defence Force (SANDF), Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA), local universities, such as North West University (NWU), University of Zululand (Unizulu), Thabo Mbeki African Leadership Institute of UNISA (TMALI), and also international universities, such as the University of Bologna in Italy. Embassies such as the Nigerian High Commission and other institutions like the South African National Academy of Intelligence also access our services.
Figure 1: AISA Library clients
LIBRARY AND DOCUMENTATION SERVICES
AcademicsEmbassiesCorporatesIndivuduals
StudentsGovernmentAISA ResearchersOther
9%
9%
13%
17.9%10.5% 13.7%
25.13%
23.12%
44.23%30.16%
28.15%
52 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AISA researchers and staff utilise the library more than other user groups. Figure 1 outlines client’s usage of the library during the reporting period. Clients generated a number of enquiries ranging from social issues to political, education, economic, developmental issues, industrial development, drugs, terrorism, and international relations. Other topics include the impact of global warming on human security, South African foreign policy, Africa-China relations, economic integration in SADC, and South Africa’s role in the economic development of the SADC region, to name but a few.
The library subscribes to various databases namely: 1. African Journals Online (AJOL): This is a database
of online academic journals that allows paid for and open access to African-origin research output.
2. Wizcat: Allows LDS to perform everyday library activities, such as cataloguing, circulation, patron data facilities, acquisitions, serials management and access to library holdings’ records. This web based database allows our clients to search the library catalogue from anywhere in the world via the internet.
3. SABINET Request: Facilitates access to electronic information with value added access to both hard copies and electronic collection from African wide library and information organisations. Enhances resources sharing for and from LDS.
4. DSpace: An open source repository software focused on delivering digital content to end users. It enables institutions to capture and describe digital works using a submission workflow platform and distributes those digital works over the web through a search and retrieval system. This is of great value for remote access to LDS electronic resources and for preservation purposes.
5. EBSCOHOST: Political Science Complete Product: An electronic system that contains full text for journals, indexing, abstracts, reference books, monographs and conference papers including those of the International Political Science Association. It has a worldwide focus on globalisation of contemporary political discourse.
6. Economic Intelligence Unit (EIU): This provides quarterly country reports, profiles and country forecasts on more than 200 countries.
7. E-Technologies – DM5: It assists the library in building valuable and current information that assists AISA researchers and external clients in doing research and keeps them updated on the
latest information published in the print media. The information is collected and profiled into e-docs from different sources like newspaper clippings, internet sources and journal articles.
8. SABINET: Sabicat facilitates access to electronic information. It provides both library and digital collection of management systems. It hosts a large collection of access journals and these journal collections are widely used by both local and international organisations.
The value added by subscriptions to several databases is the wider scope of access to information for all its users. AISA also contributes new books and journals, bibliographic information and abstracts to NISC database, currently known as EBSCOhost, which allows marketing of the organisation and increases revenue as royalties are paid for any access to the database by clients.
As required by the Auditor General, and for the promotion of efficient administration and management of AISA records, LDS provides guidance on maintenance, retention and storage of official AISA records based on a legal and official file plan. Record Management inspections are carried out in the Publications division, CEO’s Office, COO’s Office, Finance division, Human Resources division, Internal Auditor’s Office, Administration division and the Research division. Reference numbers are given out according to the file plan.
Visits are continuously made to researchers to promote the library databases. Researchers and interns are trained to use the LDS databases. Articles based on researchers’ fields of interest were sent out to keep them abreast with the latest development in their fields of research. As a way of increasing the lifespan of LDS’s journals preservation methods are undertaken through a binding project.
4. Creating increased awareness of AISA’s mandate, products and services
This target is fulfilled through school outreach programmes, seminars, conferences and the hosting of different events and meetings. The LDS hosted 4 seminars during this financial year. LDS hosted the first seminar in conjunction with the University of Limpopo Information Studies Department on 16 August 2013. The main purpose of the seminar was to provide
53THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
information to the University of Limpopo 3rd level Information Studies’ students about the library systems and the processes that are followed to ensure library customer’s satisfaction at all times. This was more of a workshop intended to expose students to the practical side of the theory they had acquired during their studies. Three other seminars took a format of a series with FET Colleges on 4, 11 and 18 October 2013 at Rustenburg, Brits and Mankwe respectively. This series was themed “Know your Africa”. It helped students at these colleges to know and understand Africa and also enhanced their studies, especially on climate change issues.
The Library and Documentation Services (LDS) has been disseminating information on African affairs to schools since 2005. The aims and objectives of the school outreach are: 1. to promote knowledge about African affairs at
a grassroots level as has been stipulated in the AISA Act (no 68 of 2001);
2. to disseminate information about AISA and its role on the African continent;
3. to promote AISA and its core objectives amongst schools and information centres and;
4. to encourage a culture of reading amongst youth/learners.
For this reporting period, the LDS interacted with 269 schools as follows:
Figure 2: Areas with schools visited for road show exhibitions in North West Province from 28 October to 01 November 2013
- Kokstad Municipality
- Umzimkhulu Municipality - Ubuhlebezwe Municipality
- Bulwer Municipality
Taung
Welkom
Kroonstad
See figure 2
Namakgale in Phalaborwa and Giyani
Total
Area visited Province Date Number of schools
KwaZulu-Natal
North West
Free State
Free State
North West
Limpopo
20-24 May 2013
17-18 July 2013
26-30 August 2013
14-18 October 2013
28 October – 01 November 2013
11-14 February 2014
81
28
22
15
19
104
269
The objective of these visits was to encourage learners to take up research and GIS as possible careers and to promote African awareness. The visits were coupled with exhibitions showcasing AISA products and services.
54 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Over and above schools outreach programmes LDS participated in the “Know Your Africa” seminars that were held in collaboration with the Cartography and Research divisions. These were at Orbit College’s three campuses in Rustenburg on 4 October 2013, Brits on 11 October 2013 and Mankwe on 18 October 2013. The objective of the seminars was to create awareness of AISA LDS’s services, AISA as an institution, to encourage students to take up research and GIS as possible careers and to promote African awareness through presentations of research papers on African affairs that research had conducted.
5. Creating increased awareness of AISA’s mandate, products and services
The LDS has embarked on a digitisation project culminating in an institutional repository. The aim is to enable access to the full text collection electronically and achieve the lifelong preservation of the collection. To this end, progress has been made on the AISA Institutional Repository web page, although it is still work in progress. The foundation had been laid and LDS will continue building it by adding more content (accessible at http://aisadoc-house.ai.org.za/). Articles based on researchers’ field of interest were sent out to keep them abreast with the latest developments in their field (SDI service).
Future Plans
LDS shall ensure the expansion of the institutional repository, and by doing so will ensure the preservation of AISA’s rare collection. There has been increased virtual development of the library and remote access to the library materials, not merely access to the catalogue without full text articles, because not all the clients of AISA are favourably situated geographically to visit AISA Library as they wish, and so full text, remotely accessible material needs to be provided.
Figure 3: LDS staff members exhibiting at North West Province from 28 October to 01 November 2013
Figure 4: LDS staff member interacting with learners in Phalaborwa, Limpopo Province February 2014
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
CORPORATEAFFAIRS,
OUTREACH ANDINTERNATIONAL
LIAISON (OIL)SERVICES
58 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Emily SuhlanePersonal Assistant (CEO)
Solly LebeloAdministrator
Sam LekalaEvents Officer
Adziliwi NematandaniCommunications Officer
Lindiwe MasholokuCommunications Assistant
Office of the CEO
CORPORATE AFFAIRS, OUTREACH AND INTERNATIONAL LIAISON (OIL)
59THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
The Corporate Affairs Division resides within the Office of the CEO. Corporate Affairs is responsible for governance, compliance, branding and communication issues, whilst being a vital link between the Office of the CEO and the various stakeholders. There are two units under Corporate Affairs: Governance and Outreach and International Liaison (OIL).
The Governance unit within the Corporate Affairs Division ensures that AISA holds scheduled Council and Council Committee meetings; collates and submits Strategic Plans, Annual Performance Plans, Shareholder’s Compacts and Quarterly and Annual Reports to the Executive Authority. In addition, the unit responds to parliamentary questions. Furthermore, the unit is responsible for monitoring and evaluating issues related to the implementation of the strategic and annual plans. This unit provides secretariat services to Council, its Committees, and staff meetings.
The Governance unit is responsible for monitoring the compliance with all relevant legislations, consolidating performance management information, coordination of AISA activities, facilitating alignment of divisional strategies
to the AISA strategy, playing an advisory role, promoting best practices and providing executive support.
Corporate Affairs is informed by the following:
• The provision of Public Finance Management Act (PFMA), 1999 (Act No.1 of 1999) as amended;
• Treasury Regulations as issued in terms of the PFMA and applicable to all Public Entities;
• King 111 promotes the highest standards of corporate governance in South Africa; and
• Various Acts of Parliament that establish Entities reporting to the Minister of Science and Technology.
The OIL unit promotes the mandate of AISA to various stakeholders by forming strategic linkages with government, science councils, academic institutions, the diplomatic community, business, media and civil society. AISA’s mandate is not one of conducting research in a vacuum. The objective of the institute is to develop and disseminate knowledge about Africa as widely as possible. OIL pursues this element by serving as the external arm of excellence.
CORPORATE AFFAIRS, OUTREACH AND INTERNATIONAL LIAISON (OIL)
26 April 2013
30 April 2013
DATE TOPIC PRESENTERS VENUE
Reflections on the South African Freedom Agenda: Past, Present and Future
AISA hosted Reverend Jesse Louis Jackson on 26 April 2013 at the Sheraton Hotel in Pretoria ahead of his receiving the Order of OR Tambo in silver for dedicating his life to challenge societies and governments to recognise that all people are born equal, and that everyone is indeed equal.
Foreign Policy of Azerbaijan towards Africa, investment and partnership Opportunities
His Excellency, Elkhan Polukh Polukhov, Ambassador of the Republic of Azerbaijan to South Africa gave an overview of the relations between Azerbaijan and South Africa, which dates back 21 years.
Reverend Jesse Jackson, President, Rainbow Push, is an international Civil Rights Activist and a 2013 Recipient of the South African Presidential Order of Companions of Oliver Tambo Award
H E Elkhan Polukh Polukhov, Ambassador of the Republic of Azerbaijan to South Africa
Sheraton Hotel
AISA
Table 1: Ambassadorial Forum
60 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
7 May 2013
8 May 2013
10 May 2013
DATE TOPIC PRESENTERS VENUE
Restorative Justice in Africa
AISA and UNISA co-hosted the launch of the book titled Restorative Justice in Africa, co-authored by Professor Dani Wadada Nabudere (late) and Professor Andreas Velthuizen from UNISA. The book was inspired by the need for post-conflict societies to manage knowledge resources. The book demonstrates knowledge management challenges for restorative justice in Africa.
Azerbaijan and South Africa. Managing conflict in Africa: South Africa’s conflict resolution initiatives in Africa
AISA hosted a delegation from Azerbaijan led by Dr Anar Valiyev who gave an overview and background of Azerbaijan to South Africa. Mr Check’s presentation was on Managing conflict in Africa: South Africa’s conflict resolution initiatives in Africa.
Triumph and Prosperity of Education in Africa
AISA launched a book titled The Triumph and Prosperity of Education in Africa co-edited by Professor Tuntufye Mwamwenda and Professor Phindile Lukhele-Olorunju. The book examined education on the African continent for the past 30 years, with emphasis on the two decades, when Ministers of Education of the African Union (AU) made various resolutions and goals of what they want to achieve at four various levels of the education system, namely early childhood development, primary, secondary and university education.
Prof Andreas Velthuizen, UNISA
Dr Anar Valiyev, Dean: School of Public and International Affairs, Azerbaijan Diplomatic Academy
Mr Nicasius Achu Check, Research Specialist in Governance and Security Programme at AISA
Prof Tuntufye Mwamwenda, Consultant and Education Specialist
Professor Phindile Lukhele-Olorunju, Interim CEO, AISA
UNISA
AISA
Ditsong National Museum of Cultural History, Visagie Street, Tshwane
61THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
The Question of the Malvinas Islands and its Implications for Peace and Security in the South AtlanticHis Excellency, Mr Carlos Sersale Cerisano gave an introductory statement. Dr Marcelo Kohen presented on the Malvinas Islands sovereignty dispute over the three archipelagos namely, Malvinas Island, South Georgias and South Sandwich.
The latest developments in Kenya and how they will shape the future foreign policy of Kenya towards South Africa and AfricaHis Excellency, Ambassador Patrick Wamoto gave a brief on the recent March 2013 elections that had taken place in Kenya. He gave an analysis of Kenya’s 50 years of independence and how certain factors influenced Kenyan foreign policy. He also spoke about Kenya’s New liberal constitution and mentioned that the economic success of Kenya now depended on its policy towards Africa.
South Africa – China Diplomatic Relations at 15 YearsChina remains a close ally of South Africa after 15 years of diplomatic relations. This was highlighted by the Chinese ambassador to South Africa His Excellency, TIAN Xuenjun during his opening address at the South Africa-China Diplomatic Relations at 15 Years Ambassadorial Forum, which was held at the Department of International Relations and Cooperation (DIRCO) Conference Centre in September. The ambassador emphasised the importance of unity in this relationship. “Unity gives us strength. No matter how the international situation changes, China and South Africa should always remain good friends, good brothers and good partners”.Deputy Minister of International Relations and Cooperation, Mr Marius Fransman gave the South African account on this relationship saying that SA recognises the fact that more still needs to be done. He stated that “our vision of two nations are bound by history to realise their common goals and aspirations and that we are inspired by our common developmental aspirations”.
3 June 2013
9 July 2013
19 September 2013
DATE TOPIC PRESENTERS VENUE
H.E. Mr. R. Carlos Sersale di Cerisano, Ambassador of the Republic of Argentine to South Africa
Dr Marcelo Kohen, Professor of International Law, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva
His Excellency Ambassador Patrick S. Wamoto, High Commissioner of the Republic of Kenya
Hon Mr M Fransman MP, Deputy Minister of IR & CO; Acting Executive Mayor, Cllr Mashego, City of Tshwane;Ambassador TIAN Xuejin of the Embassy of the People’s Republic of ChinaHE. Mr. SHU Zhan, Ambassador at the Department of African AffairsMinistry of Foreign Affairs; HE. Mr. LIU Guijin, Dean of the China-Africa International Business SchoolZhejiang Normal University; and Professor LI Anshan, Dean of the Center for African StudiesCollege of International RelationsPeking University
AISA
AISA
DIRCO
62 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Georgia’s Overview and Foreign Policy Priorities: Challenges, Opportunities and New Partnerships (focus on South Africa
His Excellency Mr. Beka Dvali delivered a talk on recent developments between Georgia and the Republic of South Africa. Mrs Eka Akobia spoke about the foreign policy of Georgia. Ms Teona Giuashvili gave a presentation on the Russia-Georgia Conflict and Mr Levan Tsintsadze gave a brief overview of Georgia’s economy.
Courting Politics or Justice? Kenyan perspectives on the relationship between Africa and the International Criminal CourtHigh Commissioner of the Republic of Kenya to South Africa, Ambassador Patrick Wamoto reiterated that Kenyans have a choice to make as to whether they want to associate themselves with the West because a large segment of the Kenyan people that initially supported the International Criminal Court (ICC) now view the court as a representative of unwarranted Western interference in African Affairs. Kenya will continue to look to Africa and the BRICS countries for strategic partnership as part of its geostrategic alignment.
Communist Party of China AISA hosted a high level delegation from the Communists Party of China. The delegation was led by Mr Wang Ersheng and his talk reflected on reforms in China, the relations between China and South Africa, and the rest of Africa. The delegation consisted of Mr Kong Genhong and Mr Pan Wei.
20 September 2013
12 November 2013
21 February 2014
DATE TOPIC PRESENTERS VENUE
H.E. Mr. Beka Dvali, Ambassador of the Republic of Georgia to South AfricaMrs Eka Akobia – Director, Department of Asia, Africa, Australia and the Pacific Rim Countries
Ms Teona Giuashvili – Director, Department of International OrganisationsMr Levan Tsintsadze – Director, Department of International Economic Relations
His Excellency Ambassador Patrick Wamoto, High Commissioner of the Republic of Kenya
Mr Wang Ersheng, Deputy Minister of the Organisation Department of the CPC Central CommitteeMr Kong Genhong, Deputy DirectorGeneral of the Research Office,International Department of the CPCCentral CommitteeMr Pan Wei, Professor and Director of the Center for Chinese and Global Affairs, Beijing University
AISA
AISA
AISA
63 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Africa and the war in Libya
Prof Vladimir Shubin delivered a presentation on Africa and the war in Libya. The presentation was based on a paper presented at the international conference on 14 -16 June 2012 which was convened by the Africa Research Centre, University of PECS.
It takes a village, but it starts with parents: a seminar on the root cause of child abuse, molestation and violence against children
AISA organised a seminar on the root causes of child abuse, molestation and violence against children. The presentations were addressed by Dr Amelia Kleijn, an independent social worker and consultant together with AISA’s Interim Chief Executive Officer, Professor Phindile Lukhele-Olorunju.Dr Kleijn’s presentation was titled Why do some men rape babies? and according to her, it dovetails on Prof Lukhele-Olorunju’s article titled It takes a village, but it starts with parents which was published in the Star newspaper on 12 February 2013.
Arts of the contact Zone in the 21st Century South Africa.
Preparing for peace: The AU Regional Cooperation Initiative for the Elimination of the LRA in Central Africa. Dr Sylvester Bongani Maphosa and Prof Alphonse Keasley presented papers at a seminar organised by AISA. Prof Keasley presented on the topic Arts of the Contact Zone in 21st Century South Africa and Dr Maphosa presented on Preparing for peace: The AU Regional Cooperation Initiative for the Elimination of the LRA in Central Africa.
24 April 2013
14 May 2013
5 June 2013
DATE TOPIC PRESENTERS VENUE
Prof Vladimir Shubin, Principal Research Fellow of the Institute for African Studies, the Russian Academy of Sciences and Professor of African History and Politics at the Russian State University for the Humanities
Prof Phindile Lukhele-Olorunju, Interim CEO: AISA
Dr Amelia Kleijn, Consultant, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), the Department of Social Development (DSD) and Khulisa Management Services
Dr Alphonse Keasley, AISA Research Fellow. Assistant Vice Chancellor at the University of Colorado-Boulder (CU-B)
Dr Sylvester Bongani Maphosa, Chief Research Specialist in Governance and Security Programme at AISA
AISA
AISA
AISA
SEMINARS
Table 2: Seminars presented by invited scholars at AISA during the financial year 2013/2014
64 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Overview of Burundi Security and Governance Situations AISA hosted Mr Abel Tito Joshua a politician based in Tanzania (originally from Burundi). Mr Joshua was a visiting fellow of the Institute for Global Dialogue (IGD) in Pretoria. He presented on An overall situation in Burundi after the 1972 genocide.
Capacity Building for AISA Interns AISA hosted a capacity building workshop for interns. The workshop was facilitated by Dr Sylvester Maphosa who presented on “Introduction to research methods”; Dr Trynos Gumbo presented on “Statistical Analysis and Computational Analysis”; Dr Thokozani Simelane presented on “Professional Writing” and Ms Pamela Morwane presented on “How to write policy brief”.
Food, Energy and Nutrition Security in Africa. Towards Improvement of Energy System Sustainability in Africa AISA in collaboration with the International Council for Science – Regional Office for Africa (ICSU-ROA) hosted a joint seminar addressed by Professor Tito Fernandes and Prof. Hilary Inyang currently the Duke Energy Distinguished Professor of Environmental Engineering and Science and Professor of Earth Science at the University of North Carolina, Charlotte, USA. Prof Fernandes provided a lecture on “Food Security and Nutritional Changes in Africa”, and Prof. Inyang delivered a lecture on “Towards Improvement of Energy System Sustainability in Africa”.
12 July 2013
6 August 2013
28 August 2013
DATE TOPIC PRESENTERS VENUE
Mr Abel Tito Joshua, Tanzania
Dr Sylvester Maphosa, Chief Research Specialist, Governance and Security ProgrammeDr Trynos Gumbo, Research Specialist, Sustainable Development ProgrammeDr Thokozani Simelane, Acting Research DirectorMs Pamela Morwane, Editorial Assistant
Prof Tito Fernandes, Scientific Director: Lurio University Nampula, Mozambique (Member, ICSU RCA)
Prof Hilary Inyang, Vice-Chancellor, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana (Member, ICSU RCA)
AISA
AISA
AISA
65THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Innovations in Municipal Solid Waste Management in Africa: lessons from Nairobi and eThekwini Dr Trynos Gumbo went on fieldwork to one of the dumping site at eThekwini, Kwazulu-Natal. In his presentation, Dr Gumbo observed the initiatives in improving the management of municipal solid waste in African countries, with special reference to South Africa and Kenya. It also highlighted the experiences, prospects and challenges of converting municipal solid waste to gas and electrical energy in the two countries. The work demonstrated that currently there are very few waste to energy projects on the African continent.
The Global Trends and China in the next Decade: An AISA Briefing in line with the Contemporary World Multi-lateral Dialogue 2013 in Beijing, China The seminar was co-presented by Ms Ntsako Nkuna and Mr Jeffrey Sehume on “Global Politics”. The objective of the seminar was to determine whether South Africa effectively shapes its African agenda in China’s foreign policy objectives, particularly FOCAC which serves as a soft power tool for China.
Dreamers or Chancers? Interrogating Migrant Micro-Entrepreneurship Resilience in Soweto, Johannesburg, South Africa Ms Simamkele Bokolo and Dr Trynos Gumbo co-presented a paper examining the South African informal economy: the recent incessant rise of immigrant participation in informal spaza trading activities in high density residential areas commonly known as townships.
22 October 2013
30 October 2013
29 January 2014
DATE TOPIC PRESENTERS VENUE
Dr Trynos Gumbo, Research Specialist, Sustainable Development Programme, AISA
Ms. Ntsako Nkuna, Research Intern, AISA
Mr Jeffrey Sehume, MISTRA: International Governance
Ms Simamkele Bokolo, Research Intern, Sustainable Development Programme: AISA
Dr Trynos Gumbo, Research Specialist, Sustainable Development Programme: AISA
AISA
AISA
AISA
66 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Sustainable Development in Africa: Resource Governance. Food Security Revenue Management Act Dr Olivia Kokushubila Lwabukuna and Mr Charl van der Merwe jointly presented their fieldwork findings on 5 March 2014. Dr Lwabukuna’s presentation was on “Resource governance for sustainable development: Reviewing the role of Ghana’s 2011 Petroleum Revenue Management Act” and Mr Charl van der Merwe’s presentation was on “Sustainable access to food for the urban poor in the Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality: a study of household food consumption in Mamelodi”.
5 March 2014, AISA
DATE TOPIC PRESENTERS VENUE
Dr Olivia Kokushubila Lwabukuna, Research Specialist, Sustainable Development Programme, AISA
Mr Charl van der Merwe, Junior Researcher, Sustainable Development Programme, AISA
AISA
Fifty Years after the founding of the OAU: Africa must unite or perish
Africa Expo - African History Month Symposium and Celebration
AYGS conference - 8th Annual AISA Young Graduates and Scholars Conference
20 – 21 May 2013
7 February 2014
17 – 19 February 2014,
DATE TOPIC PRESENTERS VENUE
African scholars from Africa and diaspora
Dr Nthabiseng Taole, NRF
Professor Phindile Lukhele-Olorunju, Interim CEO: AISA
Dr Mathole Motshega, Chairman: Kara Heritage Institute
Prof Mammo Muchie, DST/NRF SARChI Chairholder
Prof David Mosoma, National Interfaith Council of South Africa
Keynote Speaker: Mr Mduduzi Manana, Deputy Minister of Higher Education and Training
Manhattan Hotel, Pretoria
Kara Heritage Institute
University of Johannesburg
CONFERENCES
Table: 3 Conferences organised by AISA and partners during the financial year 2012/2013
Details on above Seminars are reported in the Research Division.
67THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Archie Mafeje Memorial Lecture28 March 2014,
DATE TOPIC PRESENTERS VENUE
Keynote speakers: Dr Wally Serote
Dr Somadoda Fikeni, Consultant, Human Science Research Council (HSRC)
Ms Boni Swana, Archie Mafeje Family Member
Khwezi kaMpumlwana, World Heritage Specialist: Liberation Heritage National Heritage Council (an agency of the Department of Arts and Culture)
Kara Heritage Institute
INTERNAL COMMUNICATION
Besides the fact that AISA Focus Newsletter kept employees abreast with the institutes’ events, the 2013/2014 financial year internal communication was dominated by the news on the incorporation of AISA into the HSRC. Here we published a sizable number of newsflashes and internal memos. We worked hand in glove with various incorporation committees and subcommittees to ensure that every piece of information is delivered to all employees. On top of notice boards, we also added lift posters for urgent messages as well as to cover those who do not have email facilities.
EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION
Corporate IdentityTo increase the institute’s visibility, AISA communications branded AISA in almost every event that the institute was part of. Our branding varied from shark fin banners, pull-up banners to backdrop banners. We also ensured that AISA brand is clearly visible and represented on material such as identity cards, event programmes and conference bags. For an example, during the 2013 Scramble for Africa Conference which was held at the Manhattan Hotel, our shark fin banners were clearly visible at the entrance of the hotel which is in the Pretoria CBD. We were also visible in major events such as the Freedom Day Seminar and China-South Africa Diplomatic Relations at 15 Years.
WebsiteIn the 2013/2014 financial year, the interconnectivity of various cyber platforms continued to play a role in our cyber communication. Through this interconnectivity we saw one news item being shared in various online
platforms. For an example, one story could be shared on the AISA website, social media - Facebook and Twitter pages. The same applies to videos uploaded on AISA YouTube channel which were shared on both the website and the AISA social media pages.
Our monthly newsletter was shared on the website and social media pages. Twenty policy briefs, produced by the Publications Division, were made accessible on the AISA website. The 10 books that were published in the 2013/2014 financial year were also placed on the website.
Our website traffic fluctuated depending on special projects held at that period. For example, our first quarter had more than 29 000 unique visits due to the Scramble for Africa Conference which was held in May 2013 while the third quarter had just above 22 000 visitors due to the December holidays. AISA had 103 827 unique visitors in total for the year.
Media ExposureAISA brand continued to dominate the media when it came to the analysis of issues relating to African Affairs. Our special and international projects continued to attract both local and international media, be it print, radio, television or online. For the Annual Scramble for Africa and AISA Young Graduates and Scholars Conferences, we signed a partnership agreement with the SABC Channel Africa, a radio station which broadcasts to more than 48 African countries. We interacted with media reactively and proactively interacted with various media houses throughout the financial year which in turn has broadened our media contact network.
Detailed information on above conferences is reported under Research Division.
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
HUMANRESOURCES
DIVISION
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
71THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Ingrid CanhamHR Manager
Tshepiso MangwalePayroll Administrator
Nomsa MiyaHR Administrator
Deon Van der VyverHR Manager
Lindiwe NgcoboHR Intern
Dinah TlouPayroll Administrator
Human Resources Division
72 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
The HR Team
The Human Resources division staff are trained professionals who recognise people as the most valuable asset, and are committed to their effective recruitment, development and utilisation. We continuously endeavour to respond to the needs of AISA in a fair, just, equitable and consistent manner, by utilising internal systems, policies and procedures. We have increasingly moved towards a ‘customer focus’ approach and over the years have played a more strategic role in the institution. Despite having a staff compliment of only 3 permanent employees and 1 intern, we still achieved maximum results.
The division of labour is deemed equal with much emphasis on team work to achieve on our desired divisional outputs. Our division strongly supports the core values of AISA which include creating and maintaining a workplace that provides participation, responsibility, integrity, development and above all excellence in what we do, hence we endeavour to live true to our AISA values - acronym PRIDE.
Our responsibility
We have a twofold responsibility both to the employee and the employer and at best hope to create a harmonious relationship between these parties for their mutual benefit. We do this by managing and developing all available talents and energies of people who are available in the institution as potential contributors to the creation and realisation of the institution’s mission, vision and strategic goals.
We accomplish this through providing guidance on strategic HR initiatives and maximizing HR services by consistently streamlining processes that increase the efficiency and effectiveness of our services.
HR as a Strategic Business Partner
Over the years we have developed our role of becoming a Strategic Business Partner in the institution by using our “customer focus” strategy, whereby HR management attended key management and staff meetings. The HR business partner approach has been instrumental in assisting divisions to identify, develop and implement
strong HR solutions in our attempt to dissolve the silo mentality across the institution.
This approach has enabled broader and comprehensive discussions related to recruitment, learning, organizational structure, and talent management. Furthermore, it has helped in meaningful discussions related to:
• Diversity;• Equity;• Mentoring;• career development;• performance management;• recognition; • Rewards; • maintaining well developed HR policies; • Improvement in the utilisation of the existing HR data
and systems; and• Improved communication between HR and its
stakeholders.
Our People
AISA is comprised of a diverse work force in which we continue to increase diversity through the recruitment of people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. Despite the many challenges facing AISA during this year like the announcement of the incorporation of AISA into the HSRC, the anticipated reduction of the MTEF allocation, change in leadership at the end of the contract of the former CEO and introduction of the Interim CEO, our staff have their real commitment by the vast improvement in their productivity as compared to previous years. It is known that the strength of AISA is bound to the strength of its employees. We commend the inventive means adopted by AISA management to continue delivering value and excellent services while being confronted with a restricted budget and challenges of change. Special thanks to staff that have supported management in the cost saving initiatives whilst also assisting in improving on our outputs and service delivery.
HUMAN RESOURCES DIVISION
73THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Table 1: Total number of employees in each Occupational level as at 31 March 2014
Occupational Male Female White Foreign Total numberlevels Male National of employees
A C I A C I W W Male Female
Top management 1 1
Senior management 2 1 3
Professional 4 1 6 4 1 5 1 22
Skilled 6 7 2 15
Semi-skilled 5 1 4 1 11
Unskilled 1 3 4
Total Permanent 18 1 1 21 1 0 7 1 5 1 56
Non – permanent employees 1 3 1 1 6
Grand Total 19 1 1 24 1 0 8 2 5 1 62
• Theabovetablereflectstheoccupationallevelsperemployeeasat31March2014.• Thenon-permanentemployeesreferstointernsandfellows. (4 interns were funded through the National Research Foundation and are not included in the table above).• Wehadthefollowing6fellowsduringtheyear:• DrLegotlo(SouthAfrican);• DrOsha(Nigeria);• ProfMoheefromMauritius;• DrLaher(SouthAfrica);• ProfKeasley(America);and• DrPrassad(India).
People with Disabilities
AISA was unsuccessful in appointing any employees with disabilities for the period under review. We are cognizant of this challenge and are seeking opportunities to remedy the situation.
Gender track record
Women remained the highest gender in terms of percentage at 54.8% of the total employment at AISA. We have been able to maintain a relatively balanced demographic management team and will continue to improve in this area. In terms of the management team, comprising of 4 members the female gender ratio was 2:2. In support of our Pan African mandate we have employed individuals from the African continent within our core business division which is the research division.
We have also, through partnerships, gained experience from various professionals and expanded our stakeholders and networks to further enhance our popular Archie Mafeje memorial lecture, Ambassadorial Forums and seminars.
74 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Commissioned work remained a key component of AISA and we endeavored to acquire international skills in order to deliver on our mandate.
Table 2 : Demographic and countries where commissioned work was sourced during the financial year ending 31 March 2014
RSA 8 5 13
Ladysmith 0 1 1
Ghana 1 0 1
Nigeria 1 0 1
DRC 1 0 1
Cameroon 1 0 1
Uganda 1 1 2
Kenya 1 0 1
Mauritius 3 1 4
Total Per Gender 16 8 24
Country ( Outside the continent)
China, London, France, Canada, USA, London 9 1 10
Total Per Gender 9 1 10
Sum Total ( On and outside the continent) 26 9 35
Country ( On the continent) Male Female Total
Table 3: Quality of Scientific capacity as at 31 March 2014
Staff Number Race Gender South African Current Previous Qualification /Non South Year Year African
Research staff 8 7 African 3 Female 3 South Africans 50% 40%with PhD 1 White 5 Males 5 Non South degrees Africans Research staff with 1 Africans 3 Females 3 South Africans 20% 40%Masters degrees 3 2 White Staff enrolled for 1 White 1 Female 5 South African 48% 6% Masters or PhD 7 1 Coloured 6 Males 2 Non South degrees 5 Africans African Total 18
75THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
• AISA as at 31 March 2014 had 13 researchers. As a research institute we encourage all our researchers to improve on their academic qualifications. We also had two Interns that has Masters Degrees.
• Please note that the above table excludes our fellows.
Note: This is more or less in line with the demographics of the Tshwane area.
Note: We have seen an increase in all of the age groups. The Institute remained well positioned in terms of the age demographics and with a good succession plan we will be able to meet the mandate of the Institute.
Employee Mix
We are consistently mindful to keep a balance on the employee mix to ensure business continuity. This mix enables us to look at issues from different perspectives
Table 5: Race Distributions as at 31 March 2014
Figure 2: Race Distributions as at 31 March 2014
African 48 80%
Coloured 2 4%
Indian 1 1%
White 9 15%
Grand total 60 100%
Race Distributions as at 31 March 2014
Race Total Percentage
Table 4: Employee Age Distribution Analysis as at 31 March 2014
Employee Age Distribution Analysis as at 31 March 2014
Gender 18-29 Percentage 30- 44 Percentage 45+ PercentageFemale 9 15 17 28.3 6 10
Male 5 8.3 17 28.3 6 10
Total 14 23.3 34 56.6 12 20
2012/13 7 12% 32 53% 14 23%
African
Coloured
Indian
White
Grand Total
3%2%
15%
100%
80%
76 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Learning from the exit interviews
The exit interviews of employees are regularly reviewed to assist in planning within the HR team and to improve HR services to our customers. The main contributing factors for staff turnover were mainly financial considerations, career development, personal growth and lack of effective communication. The cost to our institution when employees leave included loss of productivity, other staff members having to carry more responsibilities thus taking them away from their core functions and time away of managers to recruit new employees.
Retaining Employees
AISA has seen a significant increase in staff leaving the institution from 2012/13 (see Table 6 and Figure 3). The turnover could be attributed to many factors but we have to accept that the internal environment could be linked to the incorporation into the HSRC.
Employee retention generally seeks to attract employees to the institute through various recruitment strategies, and to retain those already employed through motivation, reward, and nurturing employees’ productivity. A key aspect in this financial year was allowing employees to best use their skills and knowledge in areas that would improve their productivity.
AISA does not have an endless financial pool but we have tried to be more inclusive, improve communication and feedback through regular staff meetings and circulars from the office of the Interim CEO. We also regularly communicated on employees taking ownership of their work responsibilities and making them feel that they were valued members of the institution.
Administration and HRIS
For improved Human Resources administration, AISA has invested time in 2013 to review and simplify work processes and improve staff access to relevant administrative information. We are increasingly using the shared drive as a communication tool to make information more accessible to staff.
Table 6: Appointments and Resignations as at 31 March 2014
Appointments 16 18 26
Resignations 13 11 18
End of Contract 5 2 5
Retirement 0 0 2
Dismissal 1 0 1
Deceased 0 1 0
Appointments and Terminations as at 31 March 2014
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14
Figure 3: Appointments and Terminations as at 31 March 2014
77THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Table 7: Training and Development as at 31 March 2014
Training provided Number of officials trained
Research Division
Publication Division
Human Resources
Office of the CEO
Finance Division
Group Training Across Divisions
PhD 2 (Bursary)Master’s in Business Admin 1 (Bursary)Supervisory Skills 1Minutes taking 2
MPhil (Internal Auditing) 1 (Bursary)Supervisory Skills 1Minutes taking 1
National Diploma in General Management 1 (Bursary)B-Tech in BA 1 (Bursary)CIMA 1
Management Training 9Power Speaking Training 8Business Ethics & Etiquette 24Occupational Health & Safety 7MS Word 2013 13
Supervisory Skills 1
VIP Payroll 2
Rewarding Employees
The Performance incentives are awarded to staff who have performed exceptionally well and contributed to an “over and above” performance besides meeting the expectations of their key performance areas. These encourage staff in their
There has been an improved usage of the VIP HR systems which has allowed HR administrators to focus on other responsibilities. The electronic application of leave via the Employee Self Service (ESS) system has also contributed to greater efficiency in terms of serving our employees.
Developing Employees
The training and development of staff ensures that AISA continues to improve its performance through a new, major and accelerated emphasis on training and professional capacity building. The role of Training is focused on creating a greater alignment between staff skills/competencies and the strategic priorities of AISA. Identifying and assessing training needs and developing programmes to meet those needs; the HR division continued to organise staff development activities to attract and retain highly skilled employees and to ensure that they can achieve divisional and individual objectives.
We have refined and strengthened the induction program. The new induction program was implemented in February 2012. It includes a full-day session and supporting material including a reference handbook. However as from January 2014 the approach shifted to more individualised induction sessions. Whenever new employees were appointed, they were inducted immediately by attending induction sessions within each division of AISA. Feedback from newly appointed employees proved that this approach was picking the fruits of an improved approach to inducting new employees.
78 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
professional and personal development activities. We believe that this reward serves a dual purpose in terms of individual progress and divisional enhancement in the long term. Four employees were reward for long service (Table 8). AISA staff members received performance bonuses in 2013/14 (Table 9).
Recognition of Long Service Awards
AISA has taken an initiative of offering long service awards as per the policy to the following four employees in 2013:
Performance management
The divisions’ performance management programme integrates organisational, divisional and individual planning, and provide staff with a clear understanding of our business priorities. The performance agreements, work plans and personal development plans addressed work objectives, learning goals, divisional and AISA values for a specific financial year. AISA undertook a post-implementation review of the performance management system to gather feedback and measure areas for improvement. It is hoped that the initial findings from this review will yield better results in the next assessment of staff. Furthermore this rewarding system will motivate staff to improve on their quality of work.
Workplace relations
We managed to sign the Interim Organisational Rights Agreement between AISA and PSA. The major labour concern last year were policies that were amended and updated without necessarily involving staff sufficiently. Due to incorporation this process could not be completed on time. Many potential grievances were resolved amicably and employee relations in general improved significantly.
Table 8:
Ms. Justa Kruger 20 10% of their deemed monthly salary
Ms. Angeline Lepule 20 10% of their deemed monthly salary
Mr. Sam Lekala 20 10% of their deemed monthly salary
Ms. Elize van As 20 10% of their deemed monthly salary
Name Years of Service % Award
Table 9: Performance Incentives
Top management
Senior management
Professional
Skilled
Semi-skilled
Unskilled
Total Permanent
Occupational levels
Male Female WhiteMale
ForeignNational
Total number of recipients
Total amount
awardedA C I A C I W W Female Male
79THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Table 10: Labour disputes
Verbal Warnings 2 1 2
Written Warnings 0 1 2
Final Warnings 1 2 0
Dismissal 1 1 1
Disciplinary 1 2 0
Letter responses 3 0 0
Grievances 1 3 1
CCMA 0 1 0
Labour Court 0 0 0
High Court /Magistrate Court 1 1 0
Between legal Counsel 0 0 0
Total 10 12 6
Types 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014
Lessons learnt from our labour disputes
We have improved our labour relations skills during the reporting year. We have had a significant reduction of labour relations disputes and managed to resolve many internally which is indicative that we are becoming more compliant in adhering to the policy prescripts. Many of the external labour disputes were carry overs from previous years.
Communication
There has been an improvement in this regard with more staff meetings and frequent communications from the Office of the CEO.
Audits Performed
As per the Internal Audit plan for the 2013/2014 financial year, we had the following scheduled audits performed within the Human Resources Division as listed below. • PerformanceManagementandEvaluationaudit• Payrollaudit• Leaveaudit
Performance management remains our greatest concern both by internal and external auditors. We have reviewed the findings and have put in place corrective action.
80 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Table 12: Sick leave utilisation for the period 1 April 2013 - 31 March 2014
Verbal Warnings 2 1 2
Top Management - - -
Senior Management 13 3 4.3
Professionals 78 12 6.5
Skilled 69 13 5.30
Semi-Skilled 62 14 4.43
Unskilled 23 4 5.75
Total 245 46 5.33
Occupational Annual Leave taken Number of Average Days per Categories Employees Utilising Employee Annual Leave
Table 11: Annual leave utilization for the period 1 April 2013 - 31 March 2014
Top Management 17 1 17
Senior Management 60 5 12
Professionals 390.83 24 16.28
Skilled 266 16 16.62
Semi-Skilled 315 27 11.67
Unskilled 72 5 14.40
Total 1120.83 78 14.35
Occupational Annual Leave taken Number of Average Days per Categories Employees Utilising Employee Annual Leave
Sick leave was taken by most of AISA staff over the period. The average amount of days taken by these employees was 5.33 days per employee, which has slightly decreased from the previous year of 6.5. This remains favourable as compared to the national norm which is six days. Leave patterns which are outside of the norm are monitored and addressed as they arise.
Capped leave is an inheritance of the past. Management has reduced capped leave substantially in the past 5 years. The number of days were reduced from 1091 days. Accumulated leave always represents a financial risk for the institution and creates a growing liability on an annual basis. AISA will continue to encourage staff to reduce the number of leave days.
Table 13: Capped leave utilisation for the period 1 April 2013 - 31 March 2014
Top Management - - - -
Senior Management - - - -
Professionals - - - -
Skilled 14 5 9 2
Semi-Skilled - - - -
Unskilled - - - -
Total 14 5 9 2
Occupational Total Capped Total Capped Remaining Number of Categories Taken Capped Leave Employees
81THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Table 14: Leave pay-out for the period 1 April 2013 - 31 March 2014
Leave pay-out has slightly increased from R78, 238 in the prior year.
Top Management - - -
Senior Management 2.67 R 6 555.99 1
Professionals 62.82 R55 795.72 6
Skilled 32.24 R25 798.47 2
Semi-Skilled 70.60 R28 580.76 14
Unskilled 17.01 R 9 647.56 1
Total 185.34 R126 318.50 24
Occupational Total Leave Days Total Amount Number of Categories Paid Out Employees
82 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
SWOT analysis of HR
• The ability of a small HR team to deliver results.
• Reduction in time span in filling of vacancies.
• The quantity of work remains high.
• The ability to create positions that meet the needs of
AISA.
• Increase in the employment of PhD holders.
• Meeting our external legal compliance.
• Payment of staff every time.
• Better utilisation of the current HR information systems.
• Ability to recognise our weaknesses and attempt to
address them.
• Significant improvement in turnaround times.
Technological Improvement in IT systems
- HR Intranet ( generate documents electronically)
- E- Recruitment
- E-PMDS
Using our ESS system more effectively
The introduction of a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system. The CRM software will help track staff queries
and requests while providing an electronic repository of documents and auditable track records. The system will reduce
duplication and enhance knowledge management in the area of human resources.
Development of an HR Client Service Charter to our clients, guaranteeing the service standards they can expect, and
how they can give feedback or make complaints. More importantly for internal clients to have an understanding of their
rights and obligations under the service charter.
• Constant number of vacant posts throughout the year
which resulted in constant recruitment of employees.
• Not improving on HR IT systems to keep abreast of
technological advances in Industry e.g.:-
o E-recruitment system
o PMDS.
• The number of audits related to non-compliance in
the year.
• The lack of divisional managers taking accountability
for talent and people management.
• No formal Wellness Program in place to provide
employees with diverse opportunities of work-life
balance.
• Not meeting our equity target of disabled persons.
• Progression and mobility: As in any small
organization there is little to no scope for progression
within the organization.
Strengths Weaknesses
Opportunities
ConclusionAISA staff is resilient with an extremely high work ethic existent within the organization. The size of the Institution has developed a generalist work force that is able to perform many functions within the division. This makes them more marketable and mobile. It also allows us to achieve on the huge mandate despite our size. It is with admiration that we applaud our staff as AISA bows out and is incorporated into the HSRC with effect from 1 April 2014.
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
FINANCE,ADMINISTRATION
AND INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
86 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Elsie MaritzChief Financial Officer
Jaya PillayAdministration Officer
Mpho RambudaSenior Accountant
Tebogo TholeFinance/Supply Chain Manager
Rachel RabambiDebtors/Creditors Clerk
Lizzy MotaungOffice Manager
Thinadzanga NevariStock Controller/Procurement Clerk
Mamello ThelediReceptionist
Phomolo SekamothoIntern: Finance
Finance, Administration and Information Technology
Finance
Administration
87THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Khensani MalulekeGeneral Assistant
Duduzile Mntambo General Assistant
Stanley MoshidiIT Specialist
Administration
Information Technology
Portia MahupaGeneral Assistant
Simon ManakaGeneral Assistant
88 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
The Finance, Administration and Information Technology Division is structured as a support function within the institution for the purpose of fulfilling our mandate on knowledge generation on African affairs. The division’s main objective is to assist in managing the relevant resources and provides business facilities and IT infrastructure within the operational environment.
The division aligned its operations with the following organisational strategic objectives during the 2013/14 financial year:
Improve the control environment and compliance to legislation and risk management
The firm oversight of the Audit Committee during the 2013/14 financial year was once again a confirmation of its commitment and zero tolerance approach to the overall financial and control environment of AISA. Reporting and monitoring continued throughout the year and additional reports and updates were requested for critical areas identified in the prior year. Major emphasis was placed on the upgrading of the IT infrastructure and security environment to address the internal control deficiencies related to information technology.
AISA continued with an in-house internal audit function and the external audit function was performed by the office of the Auditor-General. The internal audit was conducted in terms of the approved three-year internal audit plan and internal audit reports were submitted to the Audit Committee on a quarterly basis or as and when an audit was completed.
The following final internal audit reports were issued:• Performance Information – Quarters 1, 2 and 3• Financial Discipline Reviews – Quarters 1, 2 and 3• Research Audit• Performance Management and Evaluation
FINANCE, ADMINISTRATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Finance, Administration and IT Strategic Objectives 2013/14 % Prioritization
Increase AISA’s visibility and enhance its profile.
Develop and maintain AISA’s IT infrastructure 25
Improve business efficiencies 5
Induce a performance culture within AISA
Ensure all policies are relevant, clearly outlined and communicated to staff 5
Improve effectiveness of performance assessments throughout AISA 5
Improve the control environment and compliance to legislation and risk management
Achieve financial management excellence through efficient and effective controls and processes 15
Liaise with and correct all control environment deficiencies identified by the auditors 10
Effective management and safe-guarding of assets 10
Ensure that AISA’s budget is utilised effectively in pursuance of its mandate 5
Manage the institute’s cash flow to facilitate operations 5
Mobilise resources to augment the parliamentary grant 5
Assess, monitor and mitigate risks and the impact thereof 10
89THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
• Leave Accuracy Review• Payroll Audit – outsourced to external service provider
The following follow up reviews were also conducted through the internal auditor:• Auditor General Findings for 2012/2013• Internal Audit Findings for FDRs Quarters 1,2 & 3 (2013/2014)•The internal auditor also embarked on the following consulting projects:• Risk Management Reviews and Risk Workshop• AISA Staff Training on Project Management•The following additional projects were also undertaken:• Audit Committee Self-Assessment• Council Assessment of Audit Committee•AISA made significant progress in terms of addressing audit findings over the past few years which led to a more stable internal control environment. Management, Internal Audit and Audit Committee worked relentlessly to move from disclaimers and qualified audit opinions to unqualified audit opinions.
In addition to the above AISA has summarized the past three year’s results in terms of the assessments conducted by the office of the Auditor-General in terms of evaluating the fundamentals of the AISA internal control environment. This was divided into three major categories:• Leadership;• Financial and Performance Reporting; and• Governance
The table below reflects the audit opinions expressed over the past 5 years:
2009/10 Unqualified
2010/11 Unqualified and Clean
2011/12 Unqualified
2012/13 Unqualified
2013/14 Unqualified
90 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
LeadershipCategory and specific controls Area of assessment Year of assessment
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14
Provide effective leadership on a culture of honesty, ethical business practices and good governance, protecting and enhancing the best interests of the entity
Establish and communicate policies and procedures to enable and support the understanding and execution of internal control objectives, processes and responsibilities
Exercise oversight responsibility regarding financial and performance reporting and compliance and related internal controls
Develop and monitor the implementation of action plans to address internal control deficiencies
Implement effective HR Management to ensure that adequate and sufficiently skilled resources are in place and that performance is monitored
Establish an IT governance framework that supports and enables the business, delivers value and improves performance
Financial
Financial
Financial
Financial N/A
N/A
N/A
Financial
Financial
Performance Objectives
Performance Objectives
Performance Objectives
Performance Objectives
Performance Objectives
Performance Objectives
Compliance with laws and regulations
Compliance with laws and regulations
Compliance with laws and regulations
Compliance with laws and regulations
Compliance with laws and regulations
Compliance with laws and regulations
Below is a consolidated table with all the results:
*The “Not applicable” areas refers to the areas which was not audited due to incorporation. A Governance Framework was developed and approved by Council to ensure that it supports and enables the business processes.
91THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Financial and Performance Management
Category and specific controls Area of assessment Year of assessment
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14
Implement proper record keeping in a timely manner to ensure that complete, relevant and accurate information is accessible and available to support financial performance reporting
Review and monitor compliance with applicable laws and regulations
Implement controls over daily and monthly processing and reconciling of transactions
Design and implement formal controls over IT systems to ensure the reliability of the system and the availability, accuracy and protection of information
Prepare regular, accurate and complete financial and performance reports that are supported and evidenced by reliable information
Financial
Financial
Financial
N/A
N/A
Financial
Financial
Performance Objectives
Performance Objectives
Performance Objectives
Performance Objectives
Performance Objectives
Compliance with laws and regulations
Compliance with laws and regulations
Compliance with laws and regulations
Compliance with laws and regulations
Compliance with laws and regulations
92 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Governance
Category and specific controls Area of assessment Year of assessment
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14
Implement appropriate risk management activities to ensure that regular risk assessments, including consideration of IT risks and fraud prevention, are conducted and that a risk strategy is developed and monitored to address the risks.
Ensure that there is an adequately resourced and functioning internal audit unit that identifies internal control deficiencies and recommends corrective action effectively
Ensure that the Audit Committee promotes accountability and service delivery through evaluating and monitoring responses to risks and providing oversight over the effectiveness of the internal control environment including financial and performance reporting and compliance with laws and regulations.
Financial
Financial
Financial
Performance Objectives
Performance Objectives
Performance Objectives
Compliance with laws and regulations
Compliance with laws and regulations
Compliance with laws and regulations
The internal control graph provided above reflects an overall improvement in terms of leadership and governance. The deterioration in financial reporting is as a result of the finalisation of assets and revaluation estimates and audit reports received at a very late stage of the audit.
Num
ber of areas assessed and results
Year of assessment
Interventionrequired
In progress Good Not assessed (IT)
2011/12 2012/13 2013/14
Internal Control Assessment Results
93THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Risk Management
Management quarterly submits a Risk Report to Audit Committee and Council. This includes strategic, human capital, finance and information technology risks. The Risk Report supports the Risk Management Policy which is based on the overall strategy of the institution. The Risk Management Policy also provides guidance in terms of the institution’s risk ratings and risk tolerance.
AISA identified 27 (2012/13: 37) risks during the financial year under review. The divisional risks below were identified within AISA during the 2013/14 financial year. The risks below reflect the inherent risk profile (Table 1) as well as the residual exposure after action plans (Table 2) were implemented:
Table 1
RISK NO STRATEGIC RISKS IDENTIFIED INHERENT RISK
SCORE
Office of the Chief Executive Officer
1.1.1 Disbandment of AISA (incorporation) 5
1.1.2 Limited increase in public sector funding 5
1.1.3 Failure to generate additional revenue 3
1.1.4 Ineffective governance protocol 4
1.1.5 Legislative uncertainty 5
1.1.6 Brand Dilution 4
Research
2.1.1 Performance targets not met 4
2.1.2 Limited coverage of AISA mandate 4
2.1.3 Lack of clarity on roles of management positions 4
Publications
3.1.1 Compromised quality in terms of scholarship content of published research outputs 3
3.1.2 Plagiarism 5
3.1.3 Non-compliance with supply chain and inventory policies and procedures 3
3.1.4 Publication costing model not consistent with mandate 3
Library and Documentation Services
4.1.1 Limited access and utilization of library resources (location) 2
4.1.2 Limited accessibility of library material 3
4.1.3 Loss of library books (assets) 3
4.1.4 Loss of rare materials 4
4.1.5 Abuse of internet access by external clients 2
Outreach and International Liaison
5.1.1 Limited marketing of AISA 4
Finance, Administration and Information Technology
6.1.1 Non-compliance with financial legislation and statutory requirements 3
6.1.2 Travel and disbursement irregularities 3
94 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
RISK NO STRATEGIC RISKS IDENTIFIED INHERENT RISK
SCORE
Finance, Administration and Information Technology
6.1.3 Monitoring and evaluation of Information Technology function 3
6.1.4 Lack of business continuity 2
6.1.5 Inadequate management of supplier database 4
6.1.6 Pension fund liabilities 3
Human Resources
7.1.1 Non-compliance with labour legislation 3
7.1.2 Shortage of skilled researchers in market in African studies 5
Table 1 (continued)
RISK RISK IDENTIFIED INHERENT CONTROL RESIDUAL NO RISK SCORE LIKELIHOOD RISK ASSESSMENT EXPOSURE SCORE
Office of the CEO
1.1.1 Disbandment of AISA (incorporation) 5 5 25
1.1.2 Limited increase in public sector funding 5 3 15
1.1.3 Failure to generate additional revenue 3 3 9
1.1.4 Ineffective governance protocol 4 3 12
1.1.5 Legislative uncertainty 5 5 25
1.1.6 Brand Dilution 4 2 8
Research
2.1.1 Performance targets not met 4 3 12
2.1.2 Limited coverage of AISA mandate 4 1 4
2.1.3 Lack of clarity on roles of management positions 4 3 12
Publications
3.1.1 Compromised quality in terms of scholarship content of published research outputs 3 3 9
3.1.2 Plagiarism 5 2 10
3.1.3 Non compliance with supply chain and inventory policies and procedures 3 2 6
3.1.4 Publication costing model not consistent with mandate 3 2 6
Table 2
95THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
RISK RISK IDENTIFIED INHERENT CONTROL RESIDUAL NO RISK SCORE LIKELIHOOD RISK ASSESSMENT EXPOSURE SCORE
Library and Documentation Services
4.1.1 Limited access and utilization of library resources (location) 2 4 8
4.1.2 Limited accessibility of library material 3 2 6
4.1.3 Loss of library books (assets) 3 2 6
4.1.4 Loss of rare materials 4 2 8
4.1.5 Abuse of internet access by external clients 2 1 2
Outreach and International Liaison
5.1.1 Limited marketing of AISA 4 3 12
Finance
6.1.1 Non-compliance with financial legislation and statutory requirements 3 2 6
6.1.2 Travel and disbursement irregularities 3 3 9
6.1.3 Monitoring and evaluation of Information Technology function 3 2 6
6.1.4 Lack of business continuity 2 1 2
6.1.5 Inadequate management of supplier database 4 3 12
6.1.6 Pension fund liabilities 3 3 9
Human Resources
7.1.1 Non-compliance with labour legislation 3 2 6
7.1.2 Shortage of skilled research staff in market in African studies 5 3 15
Table 2 (continued)
Risk Management
The Finance, Administration and Information Technology Division contributes to this strategic objective in terms of:• Improving effectiveness of performance assessments throughout AISA; and• Ensuring that all policies are relevant, clearly outlined and communicated to staff.•Performance measurement is essential to determine how well the institution is executing on its strategy and to implement corrective measures where necessary. Reporting on performance measures is seldom a financial sustainability topic but forms an essential element of corporate governance. The effectiveness of the Finance, Administration and Information Technology Division is mostly determined by the expressed opinion of the Auditor-General. This directly relates to the assessment of the internal control environment within this division and how well it was managed. Performance reporting enables Council to measure the level of executing the strategy and to determine how well the institution performed against its predetermined objectives. This includes but is not limited to the quality, comparability, credibility of information and whether management met their agreed-upon objectives. This is supported by internal and external audit procedures which verify the accuracy of this information or the extent to which practices, regulations and policies were followed. Finally, external reporting of
96 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
performance is how AISA communicates its performance and financial results to DST, our shareholder, and other stakeholders.The Administration unit’s primary function is to provide administrative and auxiliary support within the institution and to improve business efficiencies. This includes managing the re-allocation of assets, facility rental and maintenance, sub-letting, security, fleet, telephone, cell phone, 3G, access control, mail, insurance renewals and claims as well as contract management.
AISA entered into a lease agreement for a five year period and the agreement came to an end on 30 June 2014. The AISA building and premises were rented at a cost of R65.25 per square meter, per month for 3,419m². The escalation rate annually increased with 10% at a fixed rate for the lease period. The total value of the lease agreement over the five year period amounted to R12,564,000 inclusive of escalation costs, but excluding costs related to rates, taxes, water and electricity. Turnover rental is not applicable. A R70,000 deposit is currently being held by the landlord. AISA sub-letted office space on the fourth floor to SADET. The sub-letting fees were determined on the same rates charged in the existing lease agreement with the landlord.
The building was maintained during the financial year and AISA made use of internal services to clean and maintain the premises. Four General Assistants were utilised to perform this function. Repair and maintenance to the building amounted to R32,811 for the 2013/14 financial year (R69,252 : 2012/13).The following policies were reviewed for the 2013/14 financial year in support of further enhancing a culture of good corporate governance and compliance:
Finance Policies
• Delegation of Authority and Approval Framework• Procurement Policy• Fraud Prevention Policy• Revenue and Debtors Policy• Travel and Disbursement Policy• Asset Management Policy• Inventory Management Policy• Petty Cash Policy• Budget Management Policy• Materiality Framework
Information Technology Policies
• IT Network Protection Policy• IT Backup Policy• IT User Account Policy• IT Password Policy• IT Change Management Policy• IT Hardware and Software Policy• IT Patch Management Policy• IT End User Policy• IT Disaster Recovery Policy• IT Governance Framework
Administration Policies
• Contract Management Policy
Performance Information (Predetermined Objectives)
• Performance Information Policy
97THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Risk Management
• Risk Management Policy
Terms of Reference (Charters)
• Audit Committee Terms of Reference• IT Committee Terms of Reference• Research Committee Terms of Reference• Council Terms of Reference
Increase AISA’s visibility and enhance its profile
The information technology environment mainly contributes to meeting this objective. It mainly focusses on maintaining AISA’s IT infrastructure to improve business efficiencies through technological advancements. Information technology was an area which received attention during the 2013/14 financial year in finalizing the virtual environment and replacement of old desktops. An IT Governance Framework was developed and implemented to ensure that IT supports the institution’s objectives. The framework also provides a platform to protect its information, capitalizing on opportunities and gaining a competitive advantage. The framework also guides management in terms of IT resources, applications, information, infrastructure, human capacity and IT risk management. AISA adopted certain critical areas of COBIT and King III in terms of good practice to provide a sound foundation and implementation of an IT framework and management of the IT environment.
IT Report - Highlights, lowlights and Milestones
Since the installation of a new server and desktop software, upgrade of the bandwidth as well as messaging server software to Exchange 2010, we managed to maintain an acceptable maximum uptime across all our in-house information systems infrastructure without any third party support for most of the period in the year under review. The outsourced services (2MB Winet line and Mimecast email carrier) performed their services as expected.
We managed to maintain a stable environment considering that most of the technology and infrastructure was upgraded from the familiar environment which our onsite skill set was used to maintaining prior to the information systems environment overhaul. We overcame the challenges of supporting this new environment without external support from third parties who assisted us in the initial installation and configuring of some of the elements around the server environment.
Certification in all supported areas of the server’s technology as well as client software was also obtained.
The certificate validates the skill competency in the Microsoft subject matter an IT personnel manages in a networked environment.
The existing information systems infrastructure consists of nine servers, three physical servers and six virtual machines.
An Integrated IT and Payroll Audit was conducted
AISA appointed a service provider during the 3rd quarter to conduct an integrated IT and Payroll Audit. The report was submitted to Audit Committee and most of the findings were addressed.Management ensured that the IT environment was assessed and aligned to the institutions strategic objectives, ensuring that the IT infrastructure is maintained to keep up with the latest technology in order to enhance the business efficiencies effectively.
Incorporation
An IT Sub-Committee was established and a detailed IT Project Plan was implemented to ensure a smooth transition in terms of IT infrastructure and alignment of operating requirements.
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
100 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Country of incorporation and domicile South AfricaNature of business and principal activities Conduct research, development and create awareness through, among other things, publications, seminars, conferences, the media, collation and storage of information on African affairs.Members Dr B Hlatshwayo (Chairperson) Ms S Padayachy (Non Executive) Prof Y Sadie (Non Executive) Prof N Biekpe (Non Executive) Adv S N Khutsoane (Non Executive) Dr T Auf der Heyde (Non Executive) Prof S Kongwa (Non Executive) Dr N Ramdhani (Non Executive) Dr T Sidzumo - Mazibuko (Non Executive) Prof J Daniel (Non Executive) Dr S Zondi (Non Executive) Prof Phindile Lukhele - Olorunju (Interim Chief Executive Officer) Registered office Africa Institute of South Africa 1 Embassy House, Cnr Bailey Lane and Edmond Street Arcadia, Pretoria, South Africa
Business address Africa Institute of South Africa 1 Embassy House, Cnr Bailey Lane and Edmond Street Arcadia, Pretoria South Africa
Postal address P O Box 630 Pretoria South Africa 0001
Bankers ABSA Bank Limited Corporation for Public Deposit (SARB)
Auditors Auditor - General South Africa
Secretary Vacant
Public Entity Schedule 3A Public Institution established by Act 68 of 2001
Attorneys Legal Sense Madikizela Nyati Attorneys
Level of assurance These financial statements have been audited in compliance with the applicable requirements of the Public Audit Act, 2004 (No. 25 of 2004).
Internal Auditors Inhouse Africa Institute of South Africa
General Information
101THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
The reports and statements set out below comprise the Annual Financial Statements presented to parliament:
Index Page
Council’s Responsibilities and Approval 102
Audit Committee Report Statement of Accountability 104
Report of the Auditor General 106
Council’s Report 109
Statement of Financial Position 116
Statement of Financial Performance 117
Statement of Changes in Net Assets 118
Cash Flow Statement 119
Statement of Comparison of Budget and Actual Amounts 120
Accounting Policies 123
Notes to the Financial Statements 141
Index
102 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
The Council is required by the Public Finance Management Act, 1999 (Act No 1 of 1999) and the Africa Institute of South Africa, Act no 68 of 2001 (Act No 68 of 2001), to maintain adequate accounting records. It is also responsible for the content and integrity of the Annual Financial Statements and related financial information included in this report, as well as to ensure that the annual financial statements fairly present the state of affairs of the Institute as at the end of the financial year. The President assented The Africa Institute of South Africa Repeal Act, (Act No 21 of 2013), on 10 December 2013 and the effective date of incorporation was 1 April 2014, determined by the Minister of Science and Technology and published in the Government Gazette.
All assets, liabilities, rights and obligations were transferred by statute on the effective date, 1 April 2014, to the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC). The Council had to ensure that the results of its operations and cash flows for the period under review, were in conformity with the Standards of Generally Recognised Accounting Practices (GRAP) issued by the Accounting Standards Board. The external auditors are engaged to express an independent opinion on the Annual Financial Statements and were given unrestricted access to all financial records and related data.
The Annual Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with South African Statements of Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (GRAP), issued by the Accounting Standards Board in accordance with Section 55 of the Public Finance Management Act, 1999 (Act No 1 of 1999).
The Council acknowledges that it was ultimately responsible for the system of internal financial controls established by the Institute. It attaches considerable importance to maintaining a strong control environment up until incorporation becomes effective.
To enable the Council to fulfil these responsibilities, they set standards for internal control aimed at reducing the risk of error or loss in a cost effective manner. The standards include the proper delegation of responsibilities within a clearly defined framework, effective accounting procedures and adequate segregation of duties to ensure an acceptable level of risk.
The controls of the Institute were monitored to ensure that all employees maintained the highest level of ethical standards. The Institute’s business was conducted in a manner above reproach in all reasonable circumstances.
The focus of risk management was on identifying, assessing, managing and monitoring all known forms of risk within the Institute. While risks cannot be fully eliminated, the Institute endeavoured to minimise it by ensuring that appropriate infrastructure, controls, systems and ethical behaviour are applied and managed within predetermined procedures and constraints.
The Council members are of the opinion (based on the information and explanations given by management), that the system of internal control provided reasonable assurance that the financial records may be relied on for the preparation of the annual financial statements. However, any system of internal financial control can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance against material misstatement or loss.
Council’s Responsibilities and Approval
103THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
The Council members have reviewed the Institute’s cash flow forecast for the year to 31 March 2014 and, in the light of this review and the current financial position, they are satisfied that the Institute has, or has access to adequate resources to continue its operational functions for the next MTEF (Medium Term Expenditure Framework) period.
The Institute is significantly dependent on the Department of Science and Technology for continued funding of its operations.
The Annual Financial Statements are prepared on the basis that the Institute is a going concern and that the Department of Science and Technology has neither the intention, nor the need to liquidate or curtail materially, the scale of the Institute’s operations as the Institute’s funding is ring fenced for the next MTEF period. The operations of AISA were transferred as a going concern effective 1 April 2014.
The members of the Council were responsible for the Annual Financial Statements of the Institute. The role of the Council was to provide assurance that the internal controls were in place and effective throughout the period under review. It was Managements responsibility to have implemented these controls.
The external auditors are responsible for independently reviewing and reporting on the Institute’s annual financial statements.
The Annual Financial Statements have been examined by the Institute’s external auditors and their report is presented in the Annual Financial Statements.
The Annual Financial Statements set out on pages 116 to 166 have been prepared on the going concern basis.
Dr B Hlatshwayo(Chairperson)
Prof Phindile Lukhele-Olorunju (Interim Chief Executive Officer)
104 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
We are pleased to present our report for the financial year ended 31 March 2014.
Audit Committee members and attendance
Introduction
The Audit Committee, a sub committee of the Africa Institute of South Africa’s (AISA) Council was essentially responsible for the following: • guiding the organization to develop and implement an effective Risk Management Strategy and Implementation Plan;• ensuring that the organization had an Internal Audit function that was effective in its assessment of controls;• ensuring that AISA had an effective Financial Policy Framework that was regularly updated to be in line with GRAP; • The Audit Committee Charter was reviewed;• review the plan and scope of the external audit in terms of high risk areas and adequacy of audit coverage;• ensure that there are no restrictions or limitations placed on the auditors • recommending the annual financial statements for approval to the accounting authority; and• maintaining oversight of audit reviews and update management and Council of any corrective measures to be effected.
Audit Committee responsibilities
The Audit Committee complied with all the responsibilities arising from Section 55(1)(a) of the PFMA, Treasury Regulations 27 (1) (10) and its Terms of Reference (charter) and contributed to the maintenance of effective corporate governance within AISA. In addition, the Audit Committee also guided the finalisation of the annual financial statements during the period under review.
Audit Committee Structure
The Audit Committee consisted of the members listed hereunder and met 5 times during the period under review. Name of member Number of meetings attended Mrs S Padayachy (Chairperson) 4 Prof Y Sadie 3 Prof S Kongwa 5 Prof DP van der Nest 5 The effectiveness of internal control
The system of internal controls applied by the entity over financial and risk management is effective, efficient and transparent. In line with the PFMA and the adoption of some best practices of the King III Report on Corporate Governance requirements, Internal Audit provides the Audit Committee and management with assurance that the internal controls are appropriate and effective. This was achieved by means of the risk management process, as well as the identification of corrective actions and suggested enhancements to the controls and processes. From the various reports of the Internal Auditor, the Audit Report on the financial statements, and the management report of the Auditor General South Africa, it was noted that no matters were reported that indicate any material deficiencies in the system of internal control or any deviations therefrom. Accordingly, we can report that the system of internal control over financial reporting for the period under review was efficient and effective.
The Audit Committee is satisfied with the content and quality of monthly and quarterly reports prepared and issued by the management and auditors of the entity during the year under review.
Evaluation of financial statements
The evaluation of the annual financial statements will be conducted through the oversight of the HSRC Audit and Risk Committee in light of the Africa Institute of South Africa Repeal Act, (Act No 21 of 2013), effective 1 April 2014. The Audit and Risk Committee has:
Audit Committee Report - Statement of Accountability
105THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
• reviewed and discussed the audited financial statements to be included in the annual report, with the Auditor General and the internal auditor;
• reviewed the Auditor General of South Africa’s management report and management’s response thereto;• reviewed changes in accounting policies and practices;• reviewed the institution’s compliance with legal and regulatory provisions;• reviewed significant adjustments resulting from the audit.
The Audit Committee concurs with and accepts he Auditor General of South Africa’s report on the financial statements, and are of the opinion that the audited financial statements should be accepted and read together with the report of the Auditor General of South Africa.
Internal audit
The Audit Committee was satisfied that the internal audit function was operating effectively and provided assurance that risks were mitigated.
Auditor General of South Africa
The Audit Committee met with the Auditor General of South Africa to ensure that there are no unresolved matters.
Performance Management
The Audit Committee is of the opinion that performance management and reporting could further improve to reflect the performance of the institution against pre determined and agreed targets.
Information Technology
Information Technology was prioritised for the year under review and emphasis was placed on the security and compliance component of the Information Technology environment. IT Infrastructure updates were also undertaken and Governance Frameworks were developed, monitored and evaluated.
Extraordinary event/significant organisational change
The President signed the Africa Institute of South Africa Repeal Act, (Act No 21 of 2013), on 10 December 2013 which disestablished the institution as a legal entity, with effect 1 April 2014 and by implication dissolved the Accounting Authority structure of the institution.
Appreciation
I would like to express my sincere appreciation to AISA’s management, employees, the internal auditor as well as the Department of Science and Technology for their unwavering support to improve the control environment of AISA. Last but not least, I would like to thank the Auditor General for testing controls and advising AISA of further improvements.
Herewith, a special word of appreciation to the members of the Audit Committee for their diligence, inputs and non compromising stance of holding individuals accountable and responsible within the ambit of legislation without increasing the risk profile of AISA.
Chairperson of the Audit Committee
Audit Committee Report - Statement of Accountability
106 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Introduction
1. I have audited the financial statements of the Africa Institute of South Africa (AISA) set out on pages 116 to 166, which comprise the statement of financial position as at 31 March 2014, the statement of financial performance, statement of changes in net assets, cash flow statement and statement of comparison of budget to actual amounts for the year then ended, as well as the notes, comprising a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information.
Accounting Authority’s responsibility for the financial statements
2. The accounting authority is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these financial statements in accordance with South African Standards of Generally Recognised Accounting Practice (SA Standards of GRAP) and the requirements of the Public Finance Management Act of South Africa, 1999 (Act No. 1 of 1999) (PFMA), and for such internal control as the accounting authority determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
Auditor-General’s responsibility
3. My responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on my audit. I conducted my audit in accordance with the Public Audit Act of South Africa, 2004 (Act No. 25 of 2004) (PAA), the general notice issued in terms thereof and International Standards on Auditing. Those standards require that I comply with ethical requirements, and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.
4. An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgement, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.
5. I believe that the audit evidence I have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for my audit opinion.
Opinion
6. In my opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Africa Institute of South Africa as at 31 March 2014, and its financial performance and cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with the SA Standards of GRAP and the requirements of the PFMA.
Emphasis of matters
7. I draw attention to the matters below. My opinion is not modified in respect of these matters.
Restatement of corresponding figures
8. As disclosed in note 28 to the Annual Financial Statements, prior period errors occurred and were corrected. The errors refers to incorrect allocation of rental expense for the prior year, assets additions for the prior year incorrectly accounted for in the current year and a UIF error relating to amounts payable to employees. These amounts have been restated and disclosed in the annual financial statements.
REPORT OF THE AUDITOR-GENERAL TO PARLIAMENT ON
THE AFRICA
107THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Going concern
9. As disclosed in note 30 to the financial statements and the council’s report, the financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis. However, attention should be drawn to the announcement of the minister of Science and Technology that AISA was incorporated into the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) on 1 April 2014. AISA would not have been in a position to continue as a going concern with its current mandate. AISA continues to exist under the management of the HSRC.
10. The legal process of repealing the AISA act was completed effective from 1 April 2014. All the assets, liabilities and human resources were transferred to the HSRC.
REPORT ON OTHER LEGAL AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
11. In accordance with the PAA and the general notice issued in terms thereof, I report the following findings on the reported performance information against predetermined objectives for selected objectives presented in the annual performance report, non-compliance with legislation as well as internal control. The objective of my tests was to identify reportable findings as described under each subheading but not to gather evidence to express assurance on these matters. Accordingly, I do not express an opinion or conclusion on these matters.
Predetermined objectives
12. I performed procedures to obtain evidence about the usefulness and reliability of the reported performance information for the following selected objectives presented in the annual performance report of the entity for the year ended 31 March 2014:• Programme1:ProduceandencourageknowledgeproductionanddisseminationonAfricanaffairsonpages170
to 181.• Programme3:BuildingtheAISAimageandincreasingourvisibilityonpages184to190.
13. I evaluated the reported performance information against the overall criteria of usefulness and reliability.
14. I evaluated the usefulness of the reported performance information to determine whether it was presented in accordance with the National Treasury’s annual reporting principles and whether the reported performance was consistent with the planned objectives. I further performed tests to determine whether indicators and targets were well defined, verifiable, specific, measurable, time bound and relevant, as required by the National Treasury’s Framework for managing programme performance information (FMPPI).
15. I assessed the reliability of the reported performance information to determine whether it was valid, accurate and complete.
16. I did not raise any material findings on the usefulness and reliability of the reported performance information for the selected objectives.
Additional matter
17. I draw attention to the following matter:
Report on the Financial Statements (continued)
108 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Achievement of planned targetss
18. Refer to the annual performance report on [page(s) 170 to 202 for information on the achievement of planned targets for the year.
Compliance with laws and regulations
19. I performed procedures to obtain evidence that the public entity had complied with applicable legislation regarding financial matters, financial management and other related matters. My findings on material non-compliance with specific matters in key legislation, as set out in the general notice issued in terms of the PAA, are as follows:
Annual financial statements and annual reports
20. The financial statements submitted for auditing were not prepared in accordance with the prescribed financial reporting framework as required by section 55(1) (a) of the Public Finance Management Act. Material misstatements of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, payables, revenue, operating expenditure, irregular expenditure, fruitless and wasteful expenditure, employee costs and prior period errors identified by the auditors in the submitted financial statement were subsequently corrected , resulting in the financial statements receiving an unqualified audit opinion.
Internal control
21. I considered internal control relevant to my audit of the financial statements, annual performance report and compliance with laws and regulations. The matters reported below are limited to the significant internal control deficiencies that resulted in the findings on non-compliance with legislation included in this report.
Financial and performance management
22. Non-compliance with section 55(1) (a) of the PFMA could have been prevented had management properly reviewed the accuracy of the amounts supporting the financial statements.
Pretoria31 July 2014
Report on the Financial Statements (continued)
109THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
The Council submits its report for the year ended 31 March 2014.
1. Incorporation
The Africa Institute of South Africa (AISA) was a statutory body and was first established in 1960 as a non profit organisation, until its transformation by an act of parliament, i.e. the Africa Institute of South Africa Act (Act No 68 of 2001), which accorded it the status of a statutory body and made it a public institution. AISA was incorporated on 04 July 1960 and obtained its certificate to commence business on the same day.
The President assented The Africa Institute of South Africa Repeal Act, (Act No 21 of 2013), on 10 December 2013 and the Minister of Science and Technology determined the effective date of incorporation as 1 April 2014.
All assets, liabilities, rights and obligations were transferred by statute on the effective date, 1 April 2014, to the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC).
AISA will continue with its operations under the management of the HSRC.
2. Review of activities
Main business and operations
The principal activities of AISA are knowledge production, education, training, the promotion of awareness on Africa, for Africans and the international community. During the year under review there were no major changes in the activities of the Institute.
The Council was satisfied with the overall performance of the Institute, although there are still areas that require review and improvement in the next financial year.
The operating results and state of affairs of the institute are fully set out in the attached Annual Financial Statements and
do not in our opinion require any further comment. The net surplus of the Institution was R2,048,932 (2013: Surplus Restated: R4, 957,292). Approval was obtained from
National Treasury to retain the accumulated surplus funds as per note 11 in the Notes to the Annual Financial Statements for the prior year. The accumulated surplus funds will be utilized to cover the VAT shortfall in terms of the grant allocation. The increase in net surplus for the current year relates to the revaluation of assets.
3. Going concern
We draw attention to the fact that at 31 March 2014, the Institution had an accumulated surplus of R13,061,588 (2013: Restated R11, 012,606).
The Annual Financial Statements have been prepared on the basis of accounting policies applicable to a going concern. Accordingly, it presumes that funds will be available to finance future operations and that the realisation of assets and settlement of liabilities, contingent obligations and commitments will occur in the ordinary course of business. The former Minister of Science and Technology announced that AISA will be incorporated into the HSRC. The legal process of
Council’s Report
110 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
repealing the AISA Act was completed and is effective 1 April 2014. The AISA MTEF (Medium Term Expenditure Framework) budget was ring fenced for the next three years. All staff, assets, rights, obligations and liabilities were transferred to the HSRC.
The Africa Institute of South Africa received a grant from the Department of Science and Technology to the amount of R35, 237,000 (2013: R33, 643,000).
4. Subsequent events
A fire within the Library and Documentation Division destroyed a number of library holdings during April 2014 after the reporting period. The estimated value of the damaged holdings amounts to approximately R173, 700.
5. Council Members’ interest in contracts
The Council members had no interests to declare with reference to contracts awarded by AISA for the year under review.
6. Financial Statements The Annual Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with GRAP, issued by the Accounting Standards
Board in accordance with Section 55 of the Public Finance Management Act, (Act No. 29 of 1999). Accounting policies for material transactions, events or conditions not covered by the GRAP reporting framework have
been developed in accordance with paragraphs 7, 11 and 12 of GRAP 3 and the hierarchy approved in Directive 5 issued by the Accounting Standards Board.
The Annual Financial Statements have been prepared on an accrual basis of accounting and are in accordance with historical cost convention, unless specifically stated otherwise.
The principal accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these Annual Financial Statements are set out below.
Assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses have not been offset except where offsetting is required or permitted by a standard of GRAP.
The accounting policies are applied consistently with those used to present the previous year’s Annual Financial Statements, unless explicitly stated. The details of any changes in accounting policies are explained in the relevant policy.
There are no changes in accounting policies for the year under review. The International Financial Reporting Standards were not applied. Effective GRAP standards were considered in the preparation of the Annual Financial Statements.
7. Borrowing limitations
In terms of the Africa Institute of South Africa Act, 2001 (Act No 68 of 2001), Section 6(f), neither AISA nor it’s members had the authority to borrow funds on its own behalf without prior approval from the Minister.
Council’s Report
111THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
8. Council Members The Council members of the Institute during the year and at the date of this report are as follows:
Name NationalityDr B Hlatshwayo (Chairperson) South AfricanMs S Padayachy (Non Executive) South AfricanProf Y Sadie (Non Executive) South AfricanProf N Biekpe (Non Executive) South AfricanAdv S N Khutsoane (Non Executive) South AfricanDr T Auf der Heyde (Non Executive) South AfricanProf S Kongwa (Non Executive) South AfricanDr N Ramdhani (Non Executive) South AfricanDr T Sidzumo - Mazibuko (Non Executive) South AfricanProf J Daniel (Non Executive) South AfricanDr S Zondi (Non Executive) South AfricanProf Phindile Lukhele - Olorunju (Interim Chief Executive Officer) South African
9. Secretary
The Institute had no Council Secretariat for the financial year under review and a number of employees shared the responsibility.
The Council Secretariat function took place at the following address for the period under review: Business address Embassy House, 1 Bailey Lane and Edmond Street, Arcadia, Pretoria South Africa
Postal address P O Box 630 Pretoria South Africa 0001
Council’s Report
112 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Council’s Report10. Member and executive managers emoluments (Amounts in Rand)
Non Executive Members of Council
Fee/Salary 13th Performance Acting Travel Other Total Total Cheque Incentives Allowance Allowance 2014 2013 R R R R R R R R
Non Executive Members
Dr B Hlatshwayo 103 406 - - - 2 070 1 740 107 216 114 735Prof N Biekpe 41 159 - - - 1 041 2 038 44 238 19 705Mrs S Padayachy 43 373 - - - 2 372 - 45 746 51 932Prof Y Sadie 59 731 - - - 3 749 - 63 481 57 526Dr S Zondi 30 909 - - - 1 367 - 32 276 29 875Prof S Kongwa 95 710 - - - 9 150 - 104 860 100 471Adv S Khutsoane 32 528 - - - 607 - 33 135 31 583Dr T Sidzumo Mazibuko 24 385 - - - 401 - 24 786 24 434Prof J Daniel 22 432 - - - 227 3 440 26 099 16 685 Dr N Ramdhani 32 528 - - - 359 - 32 887 30 083
486 161 - - - 21 343 7 218 514 724 477 029
Independent Members Prof DP van der Nest 23 048 - - - - - 23 048 11 784
Executive Management Chief Executive Officer - - - - - - - 730 622Interim CEO/Director Research 689 254 34 847 54 262 178 102 42 000 3 643 1 002 108 810 908 Chief Financial Officer 774 740 - 37 147 - 22 500 177 834 564 772 797Interim Director Research 505 173 - 25 677 76 955 48 000 25 717 681 522 588 615Director Publications 667 728 - 37 147 - 60 000 24 739 789 614 746 966Chief Audit Executive 560 562 - 29 439 - 71 000 13 800 674 801 628 657Manager Human Resources 1 243 800 - 30 488 - - 6 556 280 844 548 555Manager Human Resources 2 378 817 - - - - 15 430 394 247 204 818
3 820 074 34 847 214 160 255 057 243 500 90 062 4 657 700 5 031 938
113THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Council’s ReportMeeting attendance
Meetings Audit Research HRFin Council Total Total % scheduled Committee Committee Committee 2014 2013 Attendance
Dr B Hlatshwayo 13 - 2 2 5 9 12 92Prof N Biekpe 9 - 4 - 5 9 5 100Mrs S Padayachy 10 4 - - 5 9 10 90Prof Y Sadie 14 3 4 - 5 12 11 86Dr S Zondi 9 - 3 - 4 7 7 78Prof S Kongwa 14 5 - 4 5 14 16 100Adv S Khutsoane 9 - - 4 4 8 8 89Dr T Sidzumo Mazibuko 9 - 3 - 3 6 5 67Prof J Daniel 13 - 2 1 3 6 3 46Dr N Ramdhani 9 - 3 - 4 7 7 78Dr D van der Nest 5 5 - - - 5 3 100Dr T Auf der Huyde 10 - 2 - 1 3 5 30
114 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
11. Corporate governance
General
The Council was committed to business integrity, transparency and professionalism in all its activities. As part of this commitment, the Council supported the highest standards of corporate governance and the ongoing development of best practice. Council was disolved with effect 1 April 2014.
The Institution confirms and acknowledges its responsibility to total compliance with the Public Finance Management Act, 1999, (Act No. 1 of 1999) and the Africa Institute of South Africa Act, 2001 (Act No. 68 of 2001). The Council discussed the responsibilities of management in this respect, at Council meetings and monitored the Institution’s compliance on a quarterly basis.
The salient features of the Institution’s adoption of the Acts are outlined below:
Council members
The Council acknowledges its responsibilities as to strategy, compliance with internal policies, external laws and regulations, effective risk management and performance measurement, transparency and effective communication both internally and externally by the Institute;
The Council was a unitary structure and comprised:
• at least seven members, but not more than ten, appointed by the Minister of Science and Technology in the prescribed manner;
• a representative from the Department of Science and Technology;• a maximum of two members co opted by the Council in consultation with the Minister; and• the Chief Executive Officer of the Institute, who is ex officio and does not have voting powers.
Chairperson and Chief Executive
Dr Hlatshwayo was a non executive and independent member appointed by the Minister of Science and Technology.
The roles of Dr Hlatshwayo as Chairperson and Prof Phindile Lukhele Olorunju in her capacity as the interim Chief Executive Officer were separated, and responsibilities were divided between them, so that no individual had unfettered powers of discretion.
Executive meetings
The Council met on 5 separate occasions during the financial year.
Non executive members had access to all information provided by members of management of the Institution.
Audit and Risk Committee
Mrs S Padayachy served as the chairperson of the Audit Committee for the financial year under review. The Committee met 5 times during the financial year to review matters relevant to their portfolio.
Members of the Audit Committee were appointed via a formal election process at a Council meeting. Notwithstanding that non executive members of Council are appointed by the Minister of the Department of Science and Technology, National Treasury requires that public entities appoint independent members to the Audit Committee in addition to the above.
Council’s Report
115THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Human Resource and Finance Committee
Dr Sam Kongwa in the absence of Prof J Daniel served as the chairperson of the Human Resource and Finance Committee for the financial year under review. The Committee met 4 times during the financial year to review matters relevant to their portfolio.
Members of the Human Resource and Finance Committee were appointed via a formal election process at a Council meeting. Non executive members of Council were appointed by the Minister of the Department of Science and Technology. Research Committee
Prof Y Sadie served as the chairperson of the Research Committee for the financial year under review. The Committee met 4 times during the financial year to review research matters, relevant to their portfolio.
Internal audit
The Institution had an in house internal audit function for the period under review. This is in line with the compliance requirements stipulated in the Public Finance Management Act, 1999 (Act No 1 of 1999).
12. Controlling entity
The Institution’s controlling entity is the Department of Science and Technology.
13. Special resolutions
Council did not pass special resolutions during the financial year under review. 14. Auditors
The Auditor General South Africa will continue in office in accordance with the Public Audit Act, 2004 (Act No 5 of 2004), and Section 16 of the Africa Institute of South Africa Act, 2001 (Act No. 68 of 2001) and chapter six, part four, Section 56 of the Public Finance Management Act, 1999 (Act No.1 of 1999)
15. Bankers
ABSA Bank Limited and the South African Reserve Bank
16. The Standing Committee on Public Accounts (SCOPA)
The Africa Institute of South Africa was not requested to appear before the Standing Committee on Public Accounts in the prior year and there are no outstanding matters to attend to in this regard.
Council’s Report
116 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Statement of Financial Position as at 31 March 2014Amount in Rand Note(s) 2014 2013 Restated Assets Current Assets
Inventories 2 1 758 554 1 238 922
Receivables from exchange transactions 3 952 856 668 274
Cash and cash equivalents 4 14 778 850 11 001 555
17 490 260 12 908 751
Non Current Assets
Property, plant and equipment 5 7 360 245 2 929 074
Intangible assets 6 111 592 654 843
7 471 837 3 583 917 Total Assets 24 962 097 16 492 668
Liabilities
Current Liabilities
Operating lease liability 7 125 063 556 884
Payables from exchange transactions 8 4 879 595 3 340 463
Post retirement medical aid obligation 9 1 026 000 1 078 070
Provision for Performance Incentives 10 533 157 504 645
6 563 815 5 480 062 Total Liabilities 6 563 815 5 480 062 Net Assets 18 398 282 11 012 606 Net Assets
Revaluation of assets 5 5 336 744 -
Accumulated surplus 11 13 061 538 11 012 606
Total Net Assets 18 398 282 11 012 606
117THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Statement of Financial PerformanceAmount in Rand Note(s) 2014 2013 Restated Revenue from exchange transactions: Sale of goods 12 343 257 223 777
Cost of sales 13 (681 986) (101 440)
Gross (deficit)/surplus (338 729) 122 337
Other revenue from exchange transactions 14 660 025 488 062
Revenue from non exchange transactions
- Government Grant 15 35 237 000 33 643 000
Other Revenue from non exchange transactions- Special Projects 16 1 185 731 926 044
Operating expenses 17 (17 316 096) (14 292 905)
Employee related costs 18 (18 232 524) (17 142 469)
Gross (deficit)/surplus (338 729) 122 337
Operating surplus 1 195 407 3 744 069
Investment revenue 19 853 525 615 226
Fair value adjustments - 597 997
Surplus for the year 2 048 932 4 957 292
118 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Statement of Changes in Net Assets Revaluation Accumulated Total net Amount in Rand reserve surplus assets Balance at 01 April 2012 - 6 055 314 6 055 314
Changes in net assets
Surplus for the year (Restated) 4 957 292 4 957 292
Total changes - 4 957 292 4 957 292
Balance at 01 April 2013 11 012 606 11 012 606
Changes in net assets
Revaluation of assets 5 336 744 - 5 336 744
Surplus for the year 2 048 932 2 048 932
Total changes 5 336 744 2 048 932 7 385 676
Balance at 31 March 2014 5 336 744 13 061 538 18 398 282
Note(s)
119THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Cash Flow StatementAmount in Rand Note(s) 2014 2013 Restated Cash flows from operating activities
Receipts
Sale of goods and services 343 257 223 777
Grants 35 237 000 33 643 000
Investment revenue 853 525 615 226
Other receipts 1 814 084 1 405 858
38 247 866 35 887 861
Payments
Employee costs (18 232 524) (17 142 469)
Suppliers (15 396 029) (13 330 229)
(33 628 553) (30 472 698)
Net cash flows from operating activities 22 4 619 313 5 415 163
Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment 5 (801 564) (286 563)
Acquisition of intangible assets 6 (40 454) (174 534)
Net cash flows from investing activities (842 018) (461 097)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 3 777 295 4 954 066
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year 11 001 555 6 047 489
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 4 14 778 850 11 001 555
120 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Statement of Comparison of Budget and Actual AmountsBudget on Accrual Basis
Final and Actual Difference Reference Approved amounts on between final Budget comparable budget andAmount in Rand basis actual
Statement of Financial Performance
Revenue Revenue from exchange transactions Sale of goods 259 832 343 257 83 425 Increase in umber of publications sales
Skills Development Refund 20 000 40 877 20 877 Exceeded projected budget incomeRoyalties received 90 000 175 018 85 018 Increase in access of AISA publicationsRental income 118 598 121 843 3 245 -Discount received 1 297 1 076 (221) - Insurance pay out - 10 900 10 900 Computer equipmentLibrary Income 55 769 2 071 (53 698) Dependant on external visitorsMembership & Subscriptions 170 711 288 032 117 321 Increase in membership Sundry Income 20 000 20 208 208 Interest received 629 003 853 525 224 522 Total revenue from exchange transactions 1 365 210 1 856 807 491 597 Revenue from non exchange transactions Government Grants 35 237 000 35 237 000 - - Special Project Income 2 834 793 1 185 731 (1 649 062) Special project income did not materializeTotal revenue from non exchange transactions 38 071 793 36 422 731 (1 649 062) Total revenue 39 437 003 38 279 538 (1 157 465) Expenditure Personnel (21 716 303) (18 232 524) 3 483 779 Vacancies Depreciation and amortisation (955 450) (803 032) 152 418 Disposal of AssetsDisposal of assets - (1 487 810) (1 487 810) General Expenses (16 765 250) (15 707 240) 1 058 010 Total expenditure (39 437 003) (36 230 606) 3 206 397 Surplus before taxation - 2 048 932 2 048 932 Actual Amount on Comparable Basis as Presented in the Budget and Actual Comparative Statement - 2 048 932 2 048 932
121THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Statement of Comparison of Budget and Actual AmountsBudget on Accrual Basis
Final and Actual Difference Reference Approved amounts on between final Budget comparable budget andAmount in Rand basis actual
Statement of Financial Position
AssetsCurrent Assets Inventories 1 800 000 1 758 554 (41 446) Receivables from exchange transactions 420 000 952 856 532 856 Increase in pre paid expenditure and trade receivablesCash and cash equivalents 14 501 555 14 778 850 277 295 16 721 555 17 490 260 768 705 Non Current Assets Property, plant and equipment 2 800 000 7 360 245 4 560 245 Disposal of assets
remaining at AISA building
Intangible assets 937 000 111 592 (825 408) Write offs due to incorporation 3 737 000 7 471 837 3 734 837 Total Assets 20 458 555 24 962 097 4 503 542 Liabilities Current Liabilities Operating lease liability 125 063 125 063 - Payables from exchange transactions 5 217 820 4 879 595 (338 225) Decrease in trade
payablesPost-retirement medical aid obligation 1 302 000 1 026 000 (276 000) Provision for performance incentives 533 157 533 157 - 7 178 040 6 563 815 (614 225) Total Liabilities 7 178 040 6 563 815 (614 225) Net Assets 13 280 515 18 398 282 5 117 767 Net Assets Reserves Revaluation reserve - 5 336 744 5 336 744 Revaluation of assets
Accumulated surplus 13 280 515 13 061 538 (218,977)
Total Net Assets 13 280 515 18 398 282 5 117 767
122 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Statement of Comparison of Budget and Actual AmountsBudget on Accrual Basis
Final and Actual Difference Reference Approved amounts on between final Budget comparable budget andAmount in Rand basis actual
Cash Flow Statement
Cash flows from operating activitiesPayments Employee costs (21 716 303) (18 232 524) 3 483 779 VacanciesSuppliers (17 720 700) (15 396 029) 2 324 671 Work in progress (39 437 003) (33 628 553) 5 808 450 Net cash flows from operating activities - 4 619 313 4 619 313 Cash flows from investing activitiesPurchase of property, plant, equipment and intangibles - (842 018) (842 018) Purchased through operational funding Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (670 000) 3 777 295 3 777 295 Employee related cost savings due to vacanciesCash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 14 501 555 11 001 555 (3 500 000) Surplus retained for VAT offset Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 13 831 555 14 778 850 277 295
123THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
1. Basis of preparation
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Standards of Generally Recognised Accounting Practice (GRAP), issued by the Accounting Standards Board in accordance with Section 122(3) of the Africa Institute of South Africa, Act no 68 of 2001.
These financial statements have been prepared on an accrual basis of accounting and are in accordance with historical cost convention as the basis of measurement, unless specified otherwise. They are presented in South African Rand.
These accounting policies are consistent with the previous period.
1.1 Significant judgements and sources of estimation uncertainty
In preparing the financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts represented in the financial statements and related disclosures. Use of available information and the application of judgement is inherent in the formation of estimates. Actual results in the future could differ from these estimates which may be material to the financial statements.
Significant judgements include:
Trade receivables
The Institute assesses its trade receivables for impairment at the end of each reporting period, in determining whether an impairment loss should be recorded in surplus or deficit. Management makes judgements as to whether there is observable data indicating a measurable decrease in the estimated future cash flows of a financial asset. Trade receivables are initially measured at fair value (transaction price).
Allowance for slow moving, damaged and obsolete stock
An allowance for inventory write down to the net realisable value is made. Management have made estimates of the direct cost to sell on certain inventory items. The write down is included in the cost of sales.
Provisions
Provisions were raised and management determined an estimate based on the information available. Additional disclosure of these estimates of provisions are included in note 10 Provisions.Provisions are recognised when the institute has:• a present obligation as a result of a past event;• a reliable estimate can be made of the obligation and • it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits or service potential will be required
to settle the obligation
The amount of a provision is the best estimate of the expenditure expected to be required to settle the present obligation at the reporting date.
Where the effect of time value of money is material, the amount of a provision is the present value of the expenditures expected to be required to settle the obligation.
The discount rate is a pre tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability.
Where some or all of the expenditure required to settle a provision is expected to be reimbursed by another party, the reimbursement shall be recognised when, and only when, it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be
Accounting Policies
124 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
received if the Institution settles the obligation. The reimbursement shall be treated as a separate asset. The amount recognised for the reimbursement shall not exceed the amount of the provision.
Provisions are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate. Provisions are reversed if it is no longer probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits or service potential will be required.
Provisions are not recognised for future operating deficits. Post retirement obligation
The present value of the post retirement medical aid obligation depends on a number of factors that are determined on an actuarial basis using a number of assumptions. The assumptions used in determining the net cost include the discount rate. Any changes in these assumptions will impact on the carrying amount of post retirement obligations.
The Institution determines the appropriate discount rate at the end of each year through a valuation. The interest rate is used to determine the present value of estimated future cash outflows and is required to settle the obligations. In determining the appropriate discount rate, the Institution considers the interest rates of high quality corporate bonds that are denominated in the currency in which the benefits will be paid, and that have terms to maturity approximating the terms of the related liability.
Other key assumptions for post retirement medical aid obligations are based on current market conditions.
Effective interest rate
The Institution used the prime interest rate to discount future cash flows.
Allowance for doubtful debts
On debtors, an impairment loss is recognised in surplus and deficit when there is objective evidence that it is impaired. The impairment is measured as the difference between the debtors carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate, computed at initial recognition.
AISA did not make provision for any doubtful debts for the financial year under review.
Related Parties
Transactions between related parties is disclosed in the nature of the related party relationship as well as information about the transactions and outstanding balances necessary for an understanding of the potential effect of the relationship on the financial statements. This disclosures are separately disclosed for each category of related parties and could include:• the amount of the transactions; • the amount of outstanding balances, including terms and conditions and guarantees; • provisions for doubtful debts related to the amount of outstanding balances; and • expense recognised during the period in respect of bad or doubtful debts due from related parties.
1.2 Property, plant, equipment and intangibles
Property, plant, equipment and intangibles will be transferred to the Human Science Research Council (HSRC) with effect 1 April 2014. For the financial year under review the following accounting policies were applicable:
Property, plant, equipment and intangibles are tangible non current assets (including infrastructure assets) that are held for use in the production or supply of goods or services, rental to others, or for administrative purposes, and are expected to be used during more than one period.
Accounting Policies
125THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
The cost of an item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles is recognised as an asset when:• it is probable that future economic benefits or service potential associated with the item will flow to the entity;
and• the cost of the item can be measured reliably.
Property, plant, equipment and intangibles is initially measured at cost.
The cost of an item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles is the purchase price and other costs attributable to bring the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. Trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the cost.
Where an asset is acquired through a non exchange transaction, its cost is its fair value as at date of acquisition. Where an item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles is acquired in exchange for a non monetary asset or monetary assets, or a combination of monetary and non monetary assets, the asset acquired is initially measured at fair value (the cost). If the acquired item’s fair value was not determinable, it’s deemed cost is the carrying amount of the asset(s) given up.
When significant components of an item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant, equipment and intangibles.
Costs include costs incurred initially to acquire or construct an item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles and costs incurred subsequently to add to, replace part of, or service it. If a replacement cost is recognised in the carrying amount of an item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles, the carrying amount of the replaced part is derecognised.
The initial estimate of the costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located is also included in the cost of property, plant, equipment and intangibles, where the entity is obligated to incur such expenditure, and where the obligation arises as a result of acquiring the asset or using it for purposes other than the production of inventories.
Recognition of costs in the carrying amount of an item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles ceases when the item is in the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.
Major spare parts and stand by equipment which are expected to be used for more than one period are included in property, plant, equipment and intangibles. In addition, spare parts and stand by equipment which can only be used in connection with an item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles are accounted for as property, plant, equipment and intangibles.
Major inspection costs which are a condition of continuing use of an item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles and which meet the recognition criteria above are included as a replacement in the cost of the item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles. Any remaining inspection costs from the previous inspection are derecognised.
Property, plant, equipment and intangibles is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and any impairment losses which is carried at revalued amount being the fair value at the date of revaluation less any subsequent accumulated depreciation and subsequent accumulated impairment losses.
Revaluations are made with sufficient regularity such that the carrying amount does not differ materially from that which would be determined using fair value at the end of the reporting period.
Accounting Policies
126 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
When an item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles is revalued, any accumulated depreciation at the date of the revaluation is restated proportionately with the change in the gross carrying amount of the asset so that the carrying amount of the asset after revaluation equals its revalued amount.
When an item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles is revalued, any accumulated depreciation at the date of the revaluation is eliminated against the gross carrying amount of the asset and the net amount restated to the revalued amount of the asset.
Any increase in an asset’s carrying amount, as a result of a revaluation, is credited directly to a revaluation surplus. The increase is recognised in surplus or deficit to the extent that it reverses a revaluation decrease of the same asset previously recognised in surplus or deficit.
Any decrease in an asset’s carrying amount, as a result of a revaluation, is recognised in surplus or deficit in the current period. The decrease is debited directly to a revaluation surplus to the extent of any credit balance existing in the revaluation surplus in respect of that asset.
The revaluation surplus in equity related to a specific item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles is transferred directly to retained earnings as the asset is used. The amount transferred is equal to the difference between depreciation based on the revalued carrying amount and depreciation based on the original cost of the asset.
The useful lives of items of property, plant, equipment and intangibles have been assessed as follows:
Item Average useful lifeLibrary Books 20 YearsProperty 50 YearsFurniture and Fittings 10 YearsMotor Vehicles 5 YearsComputer Equipment 3 Years
The residual value, and the useful life and depreciation method of each asset are reviewed at the end of each reporting date. If the expectations differ from previous estimates, the change is accounted for as a change in accounting estimate.
Reviewing the useful life of an asset on an annual basis does not require the entity to amend the previous estimate unless expectations differ from the previous estimate.
Each part of an item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles with a cost that is significant in relation to the total cost of the item is depreciated separately.
The depreciation charge for each period is recognised in surplus or deficit unless it is included in the carrying amount of another asset.
Items of property, plant, equipment and intangibles are derecognised when the asset is disposed of or when there are no further economic benefits or service potential expected from the use of the asset.
The gain or loss arising from the derecognition of an item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles is included in surplus or deficit when the item is derecognised. The gain or loss arising from the derecognition of an item of property, plant, equipment and intangibles is determined as the difference between the net disposal proceeds, if any, and the carrying amount of the item.
Accounting Policies
127THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Assets which the entity holds for rentals to others and subsequently routinely sell as part of the ordinary course of activities, are transferred to inventories when the rentals end and the assets are available for sale. These assets are not accounted for as non current assets held for sale. Proceeds from sales of these assets are recognised as revenue. All cash flows on these assets are included in cash flows from operating activities in the cash flow statement.
1.3 Intangible assets
An asset is identifiable if it either:• is separable, i.e. is capable of being separated or divided from an entity and sold, transferred, licensed,
rented or exchanged, either individually or together with a related contract, identifiable assets or liability, regardless of whether the entity intends to do so; or
• arises from binding arrangements (including rights from contracts), regardless of whether those rights are transferable or separable from the entity or from other rights and obligations.
A binding arrangement describes an arrangement that confers similar rights and obligations on the parties to it as if it were in the form of a contract.
An intangible asset is recognised when:• it is probable that the expected future economic benefits or service potential that are attributable to the asset
will flow to the entity; and• the cost or fair value of the asset can be measured reliably.
The entity assesses the probability of expected future economic benefits or service potential using reasonable and supportable assumptions that represent management’s best estimate of the set of economic conditions that will exist over the useful life of the asset.
Where an intangible asset is acquired through a non exchange transaction, its initial cost at the date of acquisition is measured at its fair value as at that date.
Expenditure on research (or on the research phase of an internal project) is recognised as an expense when it is incurred.
Intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortisation and any impairment losses.
An intangible asset is regarded as having an indefinite useful life when, based on all relevant factors, there is no foreseeable limit to the period over which the asset is expected to generate net cash inflows or service potential. Amortisation is not provided for these intangible assets, but they are tested for impairment annually and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. For all other intangible assets amortisation is provided on a straight line basis over their useful life.
The amortisation period and the amortisation method for intangible assets are reviewed at each reporting date. Reassessing the useful life of an intangible asset with a finite useful life after it was classified as indefinite is an indicator that the asset may be impaired. As a result the asset is tested for impairment and the remaining carrying amount is amortised over its useful life.
Accounting Policies
128 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Internally generated brands, mastheads, publishing titles, customer lists and items similar in substance are not recognised as intangible assets.
Internally generated goodwill is not recognised as an intangible asset.
Amortisation is provided to write down the intangible assets, on a straight line basis, to their residual values as follows:Item Useful lifeComputer software, other 3 years
1.4 Financial instruments
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or a residual interest of another entity. Three elements are required to be present before a financial instrument can exist, namely a contract, a financial asset and a financial liability or an residual interest. In terms of the statement, a contract is an agreement between two or more parties that has clear economic consequences that the parties have little, if any, discretion to avoid, because the agreement is enforceable by law.
The amortised cost of a financial asset or financial liability is the amount at which the financial asset or financial liability is measured at initial recognition minus principal repayments, plus or minus the cumulative amortisation using the effective interest method of any difference between that initial amount and the maturity amount, and minus any reduction (directly or through the use of an allowance account) for impairment or uncollectibility.
Credit risk is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will cause a financial loss for the other party by failing to discharge an obligation.
Currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates.
Derecognition is the removal of a previously recognised financial asset or financial liability from an entity’s statement of financial position.
Financial assets and liabilities
AISA has the following financial assets and liabilities: Capital market instruments, money market instruments which are classified as financial assets at fair value through surplus or deficit, cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables which are classified as loans, receivables, trade and other payables. Classification of financial assets and liabilities
The entity has the following types of financial assets (classes and category) as reflected on the face of the statement of financial position or in the notes thereto:
Class Category Receivables from exchange transactions Financial asset measured at fair value
Accounting Policies
129THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
The entity has the following types of financial liabilities (classes and category) as reflected on the face of the statement of financial position or in the notes thereto: Class Category Payables from exchange transactions Financial liability measured at fair value Post retirement medical aid obligation Financial liability measured at fair value Provisions for Performance Incentives Financial liability measured at fair value Initial recognition
The entity recognises a financial asset or a financial liability in its statement of financial position when the entity becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
The entity recognises financial assets using trade date accounting.
Initial measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities
The entity measures a financial asset and financial liability initially at its fair value plus transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of the financial asset or financial liability.
1.5 Leases
A lease is classified as a finance lease if it transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership. A lease is classified as an operating lease if it does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership.
When a lease includes both land and buildings elements, the entity assesses the classification of each element separately.
Operating leases - lessor
Operating lease revenue is recognised as revenue on a straight line basis over the lease term with escalating costs linked to the lease agreement entered into and between the lessee, currently stated 10% annually and costs are determined by the number of square meters utilised.
Income for leases is disclosed under revenue in statement of financial performance.
Operating leases - lessee Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense on a straight line basis over the lease term. The difference between the amounts recognised as an expense and the contractual payments are recognised as an operating lease asset or liability. Leases of assets under which all the risks and benefits of ownership are effectively retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payment made under operating leases is charged to the statement of financial performance.
Accounting Policies
130 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Leases of property, plant and equipment where the Institute assumes substantially all the benefits and risks of ownerships are classified as finance leases. Finance leases are capatilised at the estimated present value of the underlying lease payments. Each lease payment is allocated between the liability and finance charges so as to achieve a constant rate on the finance balance outstanding. The corresponding rental obligation, net of finance charges, is included in other non current borrowings. The interest element of the finance charge is charged to the statement of financial performance over the lease period.
When an operating lease is terminated before the lease period has expired, any payment required to be made to the lessor by way of penalty is recognised an expense in the period in which termination takes place.
1.6 Inventories
Inventories are initially measured at cost except where inventories are acquired through a non exchange transaction, then their costs are their fair value as at the date of acquisition.
Subsequently inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value.
Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and current replacement cost where they are held for;• distribution at no charge or for a nominal charge; or• consumption in the production process of goods to be distributed at no charge or for a nominal charge.
Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of operations less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale, exchange or distribution.
Current replacement cost is the cost the entity incurs to acquire the asset on the reporting date.
The cost of inventories comprises of all costs of purchase, costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.
The cost of inventories of items that are not ordinarily interchangeable and goods or services produced and segregated for specific projects is assigned using specific identification of the individual costs.
The cost of inventories is assigned using the weighted average cost formula. The same cost formula is used for all inventories having a similar nature and use to the entity.
When inventories are sold, the carrying amounts of those inventories are recognised as an expense in the period in which the related revenue is recognised. If there is no related revenue, the expenses are recognised when the goods are distributed, or related services are rendered. The amount of any write down of inventories to net realisable value or current replacement cost and all losses of inventories are recognised as an expense in the period the write down or loss occurs. The amount of any reversal of any write down of inventories, arising from an increase in net realisable value or current replacement cost, are recognised as a reduction in the amount of inventories recognised as an expense in the period in which the reversal occurs.
Accounting Policies
131THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
1.7 Impairment of non cash generating assets
Cash generating assets are those assets held by the entity with the primary objective of generating a commercial return. When an asset is deployed in a manner consistent with that adopted by a profit orientated entity, it generates a commercial return.
Non cash generating assets are assets other than cash generating assets and are utilized for service delivery purposes.
Impairment is a loss in the future economic benefits or service potential of an asset, over and above the systematic recognition of the loss of the asset’s future economic benefits or service potential through depreciation (amortisation).
Carrying amount is the amount at which an asset is recognised in the statement of financial position after deducting any accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses thereon. A cash generating unit is the smallest identifiable group of assets held with the primary objective of generating a commercial return that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets.
Costs of disposal are incremental costs directly attributable to the disposal of an asset, excluding finance costs and income tax expense.
Depreciation (Amortisation) is the systematic allocation of the depreciable amount of an asset over its useful life.
Fair value less costs to sell is the amount obtainable from the sale of an asset in an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable, willing parties, less the costs of disposal.
Recoverable service amount is the higher of a non cash generating asset’s fair value less costs to sell and its value in use.
Useful life is either:(a) the period of time over which an asset is expected to be used by the entity; or(b) the number of production or similar units expected to be obtained from the asset by the entity.
Criteria developed by the entity to distinguish non cash generating assets from cash generating assets are as follow:
Cash generating assets: Inventory.
Non Cash generating assets: All other assets that are specifically used for operational running.
1.8 Employee benefits
Employee benefits are all forms of consideration given by an entity in exchange for service rendered by employees.
A qualifying insurance policy is an insurance policy issued by an insurer that is not a related party (as defined in the Standard of GRAP on Related Party Disclosures) of the reporting entity, if the proceeds of the policy can be used only to pay or fund employee benefits under a defined benefit plan and are not available to the reporting entity’s own creditors (even in liquidation) and cannot be paid to the reporting entity, unless either:
Accounting Policies
132 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
• the proceeds represent surplus assets that are not needed for the policy to meet all the related employee benefit obligations; or
• the proceeds are returned to the reporting entity to reimburse it for employee benefits already paid.
Termination benefits are employee benefits payable as a result of either:• an entity’s decision to terminate an employee’s employment before the normal retirement date; or• an employee’s decision to accept voluntary redundancy in exchange for those benefits.
Other long term employee benefits are employee benefits (other than post employment benefits and termination benefits) that are not due to be settled within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service.
Vested employee benefits are employee benefits that are not conditional on future employment.
Composite social security programmes are established by legislation and operate as multi employer plans to provide post employment benefits as well as to provide benefits that are not consideration in exchange for service rendered by employees.
A constructive obligation is an obligation that derives from an entity’s actions where by an established pattern of past practice, published policies or a sufficiently specific current statement, the entity has indicated to other parties that it will accept certain responsibilities and as a result, the entity has created a valid expectation on the part of those other parties that it will discharge those responsibilities. Actuarial assumptions
Actuarial assumptions are unbiased and mutually compatible.
Financial assumptions are based on market expectations, at the reporting date, for the period over which the obligations are to be settled.
The rate used to discount post employment benefit obligations (both funded and unfunded) reflect the time value of money. The currency and term of the financial instrument selected to reflect the time value of money is consistent with the currency and estimated term of the post employment benefit obligations.
Post employment benefit obligations are measured on a basis that reflects:• estimated future salary increases;• the benefits set out in the terms of the plan (or resulting from any constructive obligation that goes beyond those
terms) at the reporting date; and• estimated future changes in the level of any state benefits that affect the benefits payable under a defined
benefit plan, if, and only if, either:• those changes were enacted before the reporting date; or• past history, or other reliable evidence, indicates that those state benefits will change in some predictable
manner, for example, in line with future changes in general price levels or general salary levels.
Assumptions about medical costs take account of estimated future changes in the cost of medical services, resulting from both inflation and specific changes in medical costs.
Accounting Policies
133THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
1.9 Provision and Contingencies
A provision was raised and management determined an estimate based on the information available. Additional disclosure of the estimates of the provision are included in note 10.
Provisions are recognised when:• the entity has a present obligation as a result of a past event;• it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits or service potential will be required
to settle the obligation; and• a reliable estimate can be made of the obligation.
The amount of a provision is the best estimate of the expenditure expected to be required to settle the present obligation at the reporting date.
Where the effect of time value of money is material, the amount of a provision is the present value of the expenditures expected to be required to settle the obligation.
The discount rate is a pre tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability.
Where some or all of the expenditure required to settle a provision is expected to be reimbursed by another party, the reimbursement is recognised when, and only when, it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received if the entity settles the obligation. The reimbursement is treated as a separate asset. The amount recognised for the reimbursement does not exceed the amount of the provision.
Provisions are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate. Provisions are reversed if it is no longer probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits or service potential will be required, to settle the obligation.
Where discounting is used, the carrying amount of a provision increases in each period to reflect the passage of time. This increase is recognised as an interest expense.
A provision is used only for expenditures for which the provision was originally recognised.Provisions are not recognised for future operating deficits. If an entity has a contract that is onerous, the present obligation (net of recoveries) under the contract is recognised and measured as a provision.
No obligation arises as a consequence of the sale or transfer of an operation until the entity is committed to the sale or transfer, that is, there is a binding arrangement.
After their initial recognition contingent liabilities recognised in entity combinations that are recognised separately are subsequently measured at the higher of:• the amount that would be recognised as a provision; and• the amount initially recognised less cumulative amortisation.
Accounting Policies
134 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Contingent assets and contingent liabilities are not recognised. Contingencies are disclosed in note 24.
A financial guarantee contract is a contract that requires the issuer to make specified payments to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because a specified debtor fails to make payment when due in accordance with the original or modified terms of a debt instrument.
Loan commitment is a firm commitment to provide credit under pre specified terms and conditions.
The entity recognises a provision for financial guarantees and loan commitments when it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits and service potential will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate of the obligation can be made.
Determining whether an outflow of resources is probable in relation to financial guarantees requires judgement. Indications that an outflow of resources may be probable are:• inancial difficulty of the debtor;• defaults or delinquencies in interest and capital repayments by the debtor;• breaches of the terms of the debt instrument that result in it being payable earlier than the agreed term and the
ability of the debtor to settle its obligation on the amended terms; and• a decline in prevailing economic circumstances (e.g. high interest rates, inflation and unemployment) that
impact on the ability of entities to repay their obligations.
Where a fee is received by the entity for issuing a financial guarantee and/or where a fee is charged on loan commitments, it is considered in determining the best estimate of the amount required to settle the obligation at reporting date. Where a fee is charged and the entity considers that an outflow of economic resources is probable, an entity recognises the obligation at the higher of:• the amount determined using in the Standard of GRAP on Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent
Assets; and• the amount of the fee initially recognised less, where appropriate, cumulative amortisation recognised in
accordance with the Standard of GRAP on Revenue from Exchange Transactions.
1.10 Revenue from exchange transactions
Revenue is the gross inflow of economic benefits or service potential during the reporting period when those inflows result in an increase in net assets, other than increases relating to contributions from owners.
An exchange transaction is one in which the entity receives assets or services, or has liabilities extinguished, and directly gives approximately equal value (primarily in the form of goods, services or use of assets) to the other party in exchange.
Fair value is the amount for which an asset could be exchanged, or a liability settled, between knowledgeable, willing parties in an arm’s length transaction.
Measurement
Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of trade discounts and volume rebates.
Accounting Policies
135THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Sale of goods
Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when all the following conditions have been satisfied:• the Institution has transferred to the purchaser the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods;• the Institution retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership
nor effective control over the goods sold;• the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;• it is probable that the economic benefits or service potential associated with the transaction will flow to the
Institution; and• the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.
Rendering of services
When the outcome of a transaction involving the rendering of services can be estimated reliably, revenue associated with the transaction is recognised by reference to the stage of completion of the transaction at the reporting date. The outcome of a transaction can be estimated reliably when all the following conditions are satisfied:• the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;• it is probable that the economic benefits or service potential associated with the transaction will flow to the
entity;• the stage of completion of the transaction at the reporting date can be measured reliably; and• the costs incurred for the transaction and the costs to complete the transaction can be measured reliably.
When services are performed by an indeterminate number of acts over a specified time frame, revenue is recognised on a straight line basis over the specified time frame unless there is evidence that some other method better represents the stage of completion. When a specific act is much more significant than any other acts, the recognition of revenue is postponed until the significant act is executed.
When the outcome of the transaction involving the rendering of services cannot be estimated reliably, revenue is recognised only to the extent of the expenses recognised that are recoverable.
Interest, royalties and dividends
Revenue arising from the use by others of entity assets yielding interest, royalties and dividends is recognised when:• It is probable that the economic benefits or service potential associated with the transaction will flow to the
entity, and• The amount of the revenue can be measured reliably.
Interest is recognised, in surplus or deficit, using the effective interest rate method.
Royalties are recognised as they are earned in accordance with the substance of the relevant agreements.
Dividends, or their equivalents are recognised, in surplus or deficit, when the Institution’s right to receive payment has been established.
Service fees included in the price of the product are recognised as revenue over the period during which the service is performed.
Accounting Policies
136 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
1.11 Revenue from non exchange transactions
Revenue comprises gross inflows of economic benefits or service potential received and receivable by an entity, which represents an increase in net assets, other than increases relating to contributions from owners.
Conditions on transferred assets are stipulations that specify that the future economic benefits or service potential embodied in the asset is required to be consumed by the recipient as specified or future economic benefits or service potential must be returned to the transferor.
Control of an asset arise when the entity can use or otherwise benefit from the asset in pursuit of its objectives and can exclude or otherwise regulate the access of others to that benefit.
Exchange transactions are transactions in which one entity receives assets or services, or has liabilities extinguished, and directly gives approximately equal value (primarily in the form of cash, goods, services, or use of assets) to another entity in exchange. Fines are economic benefits or service potential received or receivable by entities, as determined by a court or other law enforcement body, as a consequence of the breach of laws or regulations.
Non exchange transactions are transactions that are not exchange transactions. In a non exchange transaction, an entity either receives value from another entity without directly giving approximately equal value in exchange, or gives value to another entity without directly receiving approximately equal value in exchange.
Restrictions on transferred assets are stipulations that limit or direct the purposes for which a transferred asset may be used, but do not specify that future economic benefits or service potential is required to be returned to the transferor if not deployed as specified.
Stipulations on transferred assets are terms in laws or regulation, or a binding arrangement, imposed upon the use of a transferred asset by entities external to the reporting entity.
Transfers are inflows of future economic benefits or service potential from non exchange transactions, other than taxes.
Recognition
An inflow of resources from a non exchange transaction recognised as an asset is recognised as revenue, except to the extent that a liability is also recognised in respect of the same inflow.
As the entity satisfies a present obligation recognised as a liability in respect of an inflow of resources from a non exchange transaction recognised as an asset, it reduces the carrying amount of the liability recognised and recognises an amount of revenue equal to that reduction.
Accounting Policies
137THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Measurement
Revenue from a non exchange transaction is measured at the amount of the increase in net assets recognised by the entity.
When, as a result of a non exchange transaction, the entity recognises an asset, it also recognises revenue equivalent to the amount of the asset measured at its fair value as at the date of acquisition, unless it is also required to recognise a liability. Where a liability is required to be recognised it will be measured as the best estimate of the amount required to settle the obligation at the reporting date, and the amount of the increase in net assets, if any, recognised as revenue. When a liability is subsequently reduced, because the taxable event occurs or a condition is satisfied, the amount of the reduction in the liability is recognised as revenue.
Transfers
Apart from Services in kind, which are not recognised, the entity recognises an asset in respect of transfers when the transferred resources meet the definition of an asset and satisfy the criteria for recognition as an asset.
The entity recognises an asset in respect of transfers when the transferred resources meet the definition of an asset and satisfy the criteria for recognition as an asset.
Transferred assets are measured at their fair value as at the date of acquisition.
Gifts and donations, including goods in kind
Gifts and donations, including goods in kind, are recognised as assets and revenue when it is probable that the future economic benefits or service potential will flow to the entity and the fair value of the assets can be measured reliably.
Services in kind
Services in kind are not recognised.
1.12 Cost of sales When inventories are sold, the carrying amount of those inventories is recognised as an expense in the period in which the related revenue is recognised. The amount of any write down of inventories to net realisable value and all deficits of inventories are recognised as an expense in the period the write down or loss occurs. The amount of any reversal of any write down of inventories, arising from an increase in net realisable value, is recognised as a reduction in the amount of inventories recognised as an expense in the period in which the reversal occurs.
The related cost of providing services recognised as revenue in the current period is included in cost of sales.
Contract costs comprise:• costs that relate directly to the specific contract;• costs that are attributable to contract activity in general and can be allocated to the contract on a systematic
and rational basis; and• such other costs as are specifically chargeable to the customer under the terms of the contract.
Accounting Policies
138 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
1.13 Translation of foreign currencies
Foreign currency transactions
The financial statements are presented in South African Rand since that is the currency in which the majority of the transactions are denominated.
The following are approximate values of currency at the statement of financial performance date for selected currencies:
The information provided is based on an average for the year under review.Current financial year Previous financial yearGBP = R16,56 GBP = R 12,21
USD = R10,24 USD = R 7,70
EURO = R13,86 EURO = R 9,50
A foreign currency transaction is recorded, on initial recognition in Rands, by applying to the foreign currency amount the spot exchange rate between the functional currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.
At each reporting date:• foreigncurrencymonetaryitemsaretranslatedusingtheclosingrate;• nonmonetary items thataremeasuredin termsofhistoricalcost ina foreigncurrencyare translatedusing the exchange rate at the date of the transaction; and• nonmonetaryitemsthataremeasuredatfairvalueinaforeigncurrencyaretranslatedusingtheexchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined.
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on translating monetary items at rates different from those at which they were translated on initial recognition during the period or in previous financial statements are recognised in surplus or deficit in the period in which they arise.
When a gain or loss on a non monetary item is recognised directly in net assets, any exchange component of that gain or loss is recognised directly in net assets. When a gain or loss on a non monetary item is recognised in surplus or deficit, any exchange component of that gain or loss is recognised in surplus or deficit.
Cash flows arising from transactions in a foreign currency are recorded in Rands by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the Rand and the foreign currency at the date of the cash flow.
1.14 Comparative figures
Where necessary, comparative figures have been reclassified to conform to changes in presentation in the current year.
1.15 Fruitless and wasteful expenditure
Fruitless expenditure means expenditure which was made in vain and would have been avoided had reasonable care been exercised.
Accounting Policies
139THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
All expenditure relating to fruitless and wasteful expenditure is recognised as an expense in the statement of financial performance in the year that the expenditure was incurred. The expenditure is classified in accordance with the nature of the expense, and where recovered, it is subsequently accounted for as revenue in the statement of financial performance.
1.16 Irregular expenditure
Irregular expenditure as defined in section 1 of the PFMA is expenditure other than unauthorised expenditure, incurred in contravention of or that is not in accordance with a requirement of any applicable legislation, including (a) this Act; or(b) the State Tender Board Act, 1968 (Act No. 86 of 1968), or any regulations made in terms of the Act; or(c) any provincial legislation providing for procurement procedures in that provincial government.
National Treasury practice note no. 4 of 2008/2009 which was issued in terms of sections 76(1) to 76(4) of the PFMA requires the following (effective from 1 April 2008):
Irregular expenditure that was incurred and identified during the current financial and which was condoned before year end and/or before finalisation of the financial statements must also be recorded appropriately in the irregular expenditure register. In such an instance, no further action is also required with the exception of updating the note to the financial statements.
Irregular expenditure that was incurred and identified during the current financial year and for which condonement is being awaited at year end must be recorded in the irregular expenditure register. No further action is required with the exception of updating the note to the financial statements.
Where irregular expenditure was incurred in the previous financial year and is only condoned in the following financial year, the register and the disclosure note to the financial statements must be updated with the amount condoned.
Irregular expenditure that was incurred and identified during the current financial year and which was not condoned by the National Treasury or the relevant authority must be recorded appropriately in the irregular expenditure register. If liability for the irregular expenditure can be attributed to a person, a debt account must be created if such a person is liable in law. Immediate steps must thereafter be taken to recover the amount from the person concerned. If recovery is not possible, the accounting officer or accounting authority may write off the amount as debt impairment and disclose such in the relevant note to the financial statements. The irregular expenditure register must also be updated accordingly. If the irregular expenditure has not been condoned and no person is liable in law, the expenditure related thereto must remain against the relevant programme/expenditure item, be disclosed as such in the note to the financial statements and updated accordingly in the irregular expenditure register.
1.17 Research and development expenditure
Expenditure on research is recognised as an expense when it is incurred.
An asset arising from development is recognised when:• it is technically feasible to complete the asset so that it will be available for use or sale.• there is an intention to complete and use or sell it.
Accounting Policies
140 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
• there is an ability to use or sell it.• it will generate probable future economic benefits or service potential.• there are available technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell
the asset.• the expenditure attributable to the asset during its development can be measured reliably.
1.18 Budget information
Entity are typically subject to budgetary limits in the form of appropriations or budget authorisations (or equivalent), which is given effect through authorising legislation, appropriation or similar.
General purpose financial reporting by entity shall provide information on whether resources were obtained and used in accordance with the legally adopted budget.
The approved budget is prepared on a cash basis and presented by economic classification linked to performance outcome objectives.
The approved budget covers the fiscal period from 2013/04/01 to 2014/03/31. The budget for the economic entity includes all the entities approved budgets under its control.
The financial statements and the budget are on the same basis of accounting therefore a comparison with the budgeted amounts for the reporting period have been included in the Statement of comparison of budget and actual amounts.
The Statement of comparative and actual information has been included in the financial statements as the recommended disclosure when the financial statements and the budget are on the same basis of accounting as determined by National Treasury.
1.19 Changes in Accounting Policies
AISA shall account for a change in accounting policy resulting from the initial application of a standard or interpretation in accordance with the transitional provisions, if any, in that standard or interpretation, and when AISA changes an accounting policy upon initial application of a standard or an interpretation that does not include specific transitional provisions applying to that change or changes in accounting policy voluntarily, it shall apply the change retrospectively.
1.20 Offset
Transactions are offset when such offsetting reflects the substance of the transaction or event. Where a legally enforceable right to offset exists for recognised financial assets and financial liabilities, and there is an intention to settle the liability and realise the asset simultaneously, or to settle on a net basis all related financial effects are offset. Financial assets and liabilities are only offset if allowed by the standard.
Accounting Policies
141THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Notes to the Financial StatementsAmount in Rand 2014 2013
2. Inventories Receipts
Work in progress 356 786 252 464 Consignment Stock 32 433 1 249 Stock on Hand 1 369 335 985 209
1 758 554 1 238 922
Write down of inventory
Inventory to the value of R187,303 was written down from cost to net realisable value.
3. Receivables from exchange transactions
Trade receivables 321 372 67 291 Staff loans 11 441 504 Prepaid expenses 537 454 508 287 Deposit Building 73 039 73 039 Sundry debtors 9 550 19 153
952 856 668 274
Age Analysis of trade receivables at reporting date
120 days 90 days 60 days 30 days Current
R100,000 R410 R70 - R220,892
The percentage split for trade receivables are: 68,73% Current 0,02% 60 days 0,12% 90 days 31,13% +120 days
Reconciliation of provision for bad debt
Solar Hybrid - 50 737 Employee Cost - 5 808 Amounts written off as uncollectible - (56 545)
- -
4. Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of: Cash on hand - 1 030
Bank balances 14 778 850 11 000 525
14 778 850 11 001 555
142 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Not
es to
the
Fina
ncia
l Sta
tem
ents
5.
Prop
erty,
pla
nt, e
quip
men
t and
inta
ngib
les
Am
ount
in R
and
2014
20
13
Cos
t A
ccum
ulat
ed
Car
ryin
g C
ost
Acc
umul
ated
C
arry
ing
depr
ecia
tion
and
valu
e
depr
ecia
tion
and
va
lue
ac
cum
ulat
ed
accu
mul
ated
im
pairm
ent
impa
irmen
t
Prop
erty
35
0 00
0 -
350
000
91 7
55
(33
338)
58
417
Fu
rnitu
re a
nd fi
xture
s 2
115
373
(1 0
57 6
86)
1 05
7 68
7 2
338
063
(1 1
60 6
76)
1 17
7 38
7 M
otor
veh
icle
s 18
9 69
7 (5
6 51
5)
133
182
189
697
(151
758
) 37
939
IT
equ
ipm
ent
3 63
2 71
7 (1
816
117
) 1
816
600
3 51
9 00
8 (2
519
092
) 99
9 91
6Fi
ttings
& in
terio
r 16
514
(8
257
) 8
257
294
012
(119
158
) 17
4 85
4Lib
rar y
boo
ks
4 17
3 77
5 (1
79 2
56)
3 99
4 51
9 64
2 40
4 (1
61 8
43)
480
561
T ota
l
10 4
78 0
76
(3 1
17 8
31)
7 36
0 24
5 7
074
939
(4 1
45 8
65)
2 92
9 07
4
Re
conc
iliat
ion
of p
rope
rty, p
lant
, equ
ipm
ent a
nd in
tang
ible
s –
2014
O
peni
ng
Addi
tions
Di
spos
als
Reva
luat
ions
De
prec
iatio
n To
tal
bala
nce
Prop
erty
58
417
-
- 29
3 41
8 (1
835
) 35
0 00
0 Fu
rnitu
re a
nd fi
xture
s 1
177
387
1 70
3 (9
5 61
3)
162
850
(188
640
) 1
057
687
Mot
or v
ehic
les
37 9
39
- -
133
182
(37
939)
13
3 18
2 IT
equ
ipm
ent
999
916
775
685
(736
259
) 1
209
161
(431
903
) 1
816
600
Fittin
gs &
inte
rior
174
854
4 08
2 (1
38 0
80)
(3 3
72)
(29
227)
8
257
Libra
ry b
ooks
48
0 56
1 20
094
(1
5 14
2)
3 54
1 50
5 (3
2 49
9)
3 99
4 51
9
2
929
074
801
564
(985
094
) 5
336
744
(722
043
) 7
360
245
AFRI
CA
INST
ITU
TE O
F SO
UTH
AFR
ICA
Fina
ncia
l Sta
tem
ents
for t
he y
ear e
nded
31
Mar
ch 2
014
143THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Not
es to
the
Fina
ncia
l Sta
tem
ents
5.
Prop
erty,
pla
nt, e
quip
men
t and
inta
ngib
les
(con
tinue
d)
Am
ount
in R
and
2014
20
13
Reco
ncili
atio
n of
pro
perty
, pla
nt, e
quip
men
t and
inta
ngib
les
– 20
13
O
peni
ng
Addi
tions
As
sets
Disp
osal
s U
sefu
l life
De
prec
iatio
n To
tal
bala
nce
fo
und
ad
justm
ents
Prop
erty
60
252
-
- -
- (1
835
) 58
417
Fu
rnitu
re a
nd fi
xture
s 1
318
904
49 2
90
- (9
524
) 12
344
(1
93 6
27)
1 17
7 38
7M
otor
veh
icle
s 37
939
-
- -
37 9
39
(37
939)
37
939
IT e
quip
men
t 89
5 64
0 14
3 50
4 52
709
(4
8 32
1)
370
010
(413
626
) 99
9 91
6Fi
ttings
& in
terio
r 20
1 69
3 48
3 -
- 1
835
(29
157)
17
4 85
4 Lib
rary
boo
ks
470
886
40 5
27
- (7
10)
- (3
0 14
2)
480
561
2
985
314
233
804
52 7
09
(58
555)
42
2 12
8 (7
06 3
26)
2 92
9 07
4
AFRI
CA
INST
ITU
TE O
F SO
UTH
AFR
ICA
Fina
ncia
l Sta
tem
ents
for t
he y
ear e
nded
31
Mar
ch 2
014
Exte
rnal
ser
vice
pro
vide
rs w
ere
appo
inte
d to
con
duct
aud
its o
f the
ass
ets
of A
ISA
for t
he p
urpo
se o
f com
plet
enes
s an
d re
valu
atio
n.
Prop
erty
Prop
erty
was
reva
lued
at R
350,
000
with
eva
luat
ion
of R
293,
418
(Prio
r yea
r boo
k va
lue
: R58
,417
)
The
reva
luat
ion
amou
nt fo
r pro
perty
was
bas
ed o
n th
e pr
obab
le s
ales
pric
e pr
ovid
ed b
y an
Esta
te A
gent
.
Mot
or V
ehic
le
The
mot
or v
ehic
le w
as re
valu
ed a
t R13
3,00
0. (P
rior y
ear b
ook
valu
e: R
37,9
39)
144THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Accounting Policies5. Property, plant, equipment and intangibles (continued)
The revaluation amount was based on a market related valuation conducted by an independent service provider and was used in the recommendation of the valuations by the independent service provider.
Furniture, fittings and interior
The revaluation adjustment for furniture, fittings and interior amounted to R159,478 and net book value was stated at R1,065,944 (Prior year book value : R1,352,241).
IT equipment
Computer equipment that was older than 18 months, and was found to be in a good condition was assigned an estimated remaining useful life of 18 months. The revaluation of IT equipment amounted to R1,209,161 and the net book value stated at R1,816,600. (Prior year book value : R999,916).
Library holdings (books and journals)
The Library holdings were valued by an independent service provider. The value of the holdings increased from R480,561 to R3,994,519. The fair value of the material (journals and monographs) was assumed to be the selling price in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date 31 March 2014. Assumptions used for the library holdings valuation by the external service provider included the following:
Material that is readily available in public domain and free issues were assumed to have a NIL value.
Where the price of a particular book or material could not be determined, the price of a similar topic by the same author was used. If the information was not available, the lowest price of other similar books on the same topic was used.
Some books and journals that could not practically be valued individually, they were grouped into similar categories and an average unit price to be used was determined. This was then assumed to be the unit price of each of the material in that category.
The prices were only available in foreign currency, the price was converted to South African Rand, using the exchange rate as at 31 March 2014.
A register containing the information required is available for inspection at the registered office of the institution.
145THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Notes to the Financial Statements6. Intangible assets
2014 2013
Cost Accumulated Carrying Cost Accumulated Carrying amortisation value amortisation value and and accumulated accumulated impairment impairment
Computer software 225 931 (114 339) 111 592 2 564 241 (1 909 398) 654 843
Reconciliation of intangible assets - 2014 Opening Additions Disposals Amortisation Total balance
Computer software 654 843 40 454 (502 716) (80 989) 111 592
Reconciliation of intangible assets 2013 Opening Additions Useful life Amortisation Total balance adjustments
Computer software 644 113 174 534 175 869 (339 673) 654 843
Useful life adjustments Useful life adjustments was considered in line with the valuation reports issued by the external service provider. Trademark AISA has a registered trademark for publishing purposes only and does not generate direct income through the trademark. The trademark (logo) appears on all AISA publications and income generated to the sales of publications are disclosed under note 13. Useful life was not considered in this regard. The trademark was transferred upon effective date of incorporation. 7. Operating lease liability
Gross investment in the lease due within one year 2 944 587 2 676 897 Straight-lined (2 512 766) (2 512 816)
431 821 164 081
Balance of lease asset/liability prior year (556 884) (720 965)
(125 063) (556 884)
146 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Notes to the Financial StatementsAmount in Rand 2014 2013
7. Operating lease liability (continued)
Present value of minimum lease payments duewithin one yearBalance at the beginning of the year for remaining 3 months payment due 684 787 684 788 Payments due for this year 2 259 799 1 992 109 Payments during the year (2 944 587) (2 676 897) Due within 1 year 753 266 2 944 587 Due within 1 and 5 years - 753 266
753 265 2 944 587
753 265 3 697 853 The operating lease refers to the rental of the building for a five year period. The lease agreement commenced on 01 July 2009 and will terminate on 30 June 2014. The remaining value of the settlement is stated at R753,265 at 31 March 2014. (2013: R6,374,747). The lease accrual reduced from R556,884 to R125,063.
None of the trade and other receivables have been pledged as security for liabilities or contingent liabilities.
8. Payables from exchange transactions Trade payables 5 405 54 725 Income Received in advance 3 172 598 1 929 845 Accrued expenses 923 761 823 066 Employee related cost deductions payable 130 957 9 792 Accrued leave pay 646 874 514 676
Other payables - 8 359
4 879 595 3 340 463
Fair value of trade and other payables
Past due by 1 to 30 days 797 113 723 420 Past due by 31 to 60 days 131 026 -
Past due by more than 60 days 1 027 -
929 166 723 420 Fair value of trade and other payables were considered but there were no outstanding material payables for longer than 60 days.
147THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Notes to the Financial StatementsAmount in Rand 2014 2013
9. Post Retirement Medical Aid Obligation
The valuation of the obligation was performed by an external service provider and was performed in line with the requirements of GRAP25. The Projected Unit Credit Method was used to determine the present value of the defined obligation.
Under this method the present value of the obligation is calculated as:
• The full discounted value of expected future benefit payments to continuation members and their qualifying dependants; and
• The proportion of the discounted values of all future benefit payments expected to be made to current active employees that have already been accrued.
• For each active employee, this proportion is the number of years of past service in relation to the total expected years of service. This results in straight line recognition of the cost of the benefits over his or her working lifetime (ignoring the effect of discounting)
In order to value the future benefit payments, a number of assumptions had to be made, such as the rate at which medical scheme contributions increase, the rate at which employees leave the company and the death rates experienced by employees and pensioners.
GRAP25 further requires the valuation to be a “realistic” reflection of the liability. The assumptions used are neither imprudent nor conservative and reflect our best estimate of the relevant factors.
Assumptions used
The economic assumptions for the 31 March 2014 valuation are reflected below inclusive of prior year comparison figures: Gross discount rate : 8,62% (2013: 6,65%) Healthcare cost inflation: 8,26% (2013: 7,17%) Net discount rate: 0,33% (2013: 0,49%)
The estimated discount rate was set equal to the yield on a zero coupon government bond with a term of 9 years.
GRAP 25 requires that the discount rate used in the valuation be determined by reference to market yields on government bonds as at the Statement of Financial Position date. In line with GRAP 25 and current market practice, government bond yields are therefore used when setting our best estimate rate assumption.
The currency and term of the government bonds shall be consistent with the currency and estimated term of the post employment benefit obligations.
148 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
9. Post Retirement Medical Aid Obligation (continued)
The estimated discount rate was set equal to the yield on the BEASSA zero coupon yield curve with a term of 9 years, the expected duration of the liability based on the current membership data, as at 31 March 2014.
Demographic assumptions
The demographic assumptions for the 31 March 2014 valuation are shown below:
Key demographic assumptions 31 March 2014 31 March 2013
Post retirement mortality PA (90) rated down 1 year PA (90) rated down 1 year for males and females plus 1% future for males and females mortality improvement from 2013
Expected retirement age 60 years for males and females 60 years for males and females Percentage of widows continuing 100% Not detailed in previous valuation
Spouse and principal member Actual details Male 4 years older than female age difference
Child mortality n/a Not detailed in previous valuation
Age to which child payments are No value will be placed Not detailed in previous valuation made on benefits payable to child dependants
Assumptions are set which are consistent with market practice and with investigations performed where there is a significant amount of data. The mortality assumptions are also in line with those commonly used in the retirement industry.
Post retirement mortality
PA (90) is commonly used in the retirement industry. However, given the fact that pensioners are living longer than at the time the information was compiled, we have rated the PA (90) table down by one year for both males and females. This means that the mortality rate assumed for an individual in the valuation is the rate provided in the table for an individual one year younger. This is consistent with last year’s assumption.
There is a strong argument for inclusion of mortality improvements in the assumption (1.00% to 1.50% per annum at all ages would be reasonable), given the improvements that have occurred at the post retirement ages in most developed countries over the past forty years, as well as the evidence of improvements observed by larger actuarial service providers in South Africa. We therefore included a 1% per annum mortality improvement factor from 2013 onwards. No mortality improvements was included at the previous valuation.
Notes to the Financial Statements
149THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
9. Post Retirement Medical Aid Obligation (continued)
Spouse and principal member age difference
Actual age differences are applied for continuation members. For the previous valuation it was assumed that males will be four years older than their wives.
Child dependants
No value has been placed on benefits payable to child dependants. The impact is likely to be immaterial and not allowing for child dependants is generally applied by other actuaries in the market place. Details regarding this assumption were not given in the previous report.
Defined benefit obligation
The actuarial present value of all benefits were based on past service and projected subsidy levels and (if applicable) future indexation of benefits.
The following summary statistics are in respect of continuation members, as well as their dependants as at the current and previous valuation date. Continuation members 31 March 2014 31 March 2013
Males Females Males Females
Number of continuation members 5 0 6 0
Average age of continuation members 75.1 n/a 73.1 n/a
Actual percentage married 60% n/a 67% n/a
Average total monthly premium *- principal 2,817 n/a 2,620 n/a
Average total monthly premium *- dependants 2,660 n/a 2,492 n/a
*The average total monthly premium is subject to a subsidy percentage.
Current employees are not entitled to the post retirement medical subsidy at both the current and previous valuation dates.
Paragraph 101 of Directive 4 required that upon adoption of GRAP 25, the entity are required to present a reconciliation of the net liability determined using its previous accounting policy, and the net liability determined using the Standard of GRAP on Employee Benefits, showing separately the effect of:• Unrecognised actuarial gains and losses;• Unrecognised past service costs; and• Other changes
Notes to the Financial Statements
150 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Notes to the Financial StatementsAmount in Rand 2014 2013
9. Post Retirement Medical Aid Obligation (continued)
The reconciliation of the net defined benefit obligation (“DBO”) as required by GRAP 25 is presented below:
Period and description DBO Plan Asset Net Asset ceiling Position
R’000 R’000 R’000 R’000
As at 31 March 2012** (1,523) - - (1,523)(Current service cost) - - - -(Interest cost (133) - - (133)Curtailment 644 644Actuarial gain/(loss)* (287) - - (287)
Cash movement Benefits payments 201 201 Employer contributions - - - -
As at 31 March 2013 (1,078) - - (1,078)(Current service cost) - - - -(Interest cost) (69) - - (69)Gain/(loss) from change infinancial assumptions 73 - - 73Actuarial gain/(loss) from changedemographic assumptions (56) - - (56)Experience gains/(losses) 7 - - 7Cash movementBenefits payments 97 - - 97Employer contributions - - - -
As at 31 March 2014 (1,026) (1,026)
*A split of the actuarial gain/loss arising from a change in financial assumptions, a change in demographic assumptions or an experience gain/(loss) was not provided in the previous actuarial valuation report.**The build up of the liability from 31 March 2012 to 31 March 2013 was obtained from the previous valuation report conducted by ARCH Actuarial Consulting.
Projections for the next financial period are disclosed below:
As at 31 March 2014 1,026) - - (1,026)(Current service cost) - - - -(Interest cost) (85) - - (85)
Cash movement
Expected benefits payments 80 - - 80
Expected as at 31 March 2015 (1,031) - - (1,031)
Current service cost
151THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Notes to the Financial StatementsAmount in Rand 2014 2013
9. Post Retirement Medical Aid Obligation (continued)
This is the increase in the liability resulting from members having worked for an additional year. An additional year of service increases the proportion of their total liability that is regarded as accrued under the Projected Unit Credit Method.
Interest Cost
This represents the increase in the liability resulting from the future subsidies being one year closer to the valuation date. It was calculated as the opening liability plus the current service cost less benefit payments expected during the year multiplied by the discount rate used in the previous valuation.
Actuarial gains (losses)
The value of the liability will change over the year due to changes in actuarial assumptions as well as actual membership experience (withdrawals, deaths etc.) being different from that assumed at the previous valuation date. The results were prepared in line with the following accounting policy:
Actuarial gains and losses during the valuation period, arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions, are recognised immediately in the Statement of Financial Performance. The total actuarial gains/(losses) for the employer during the financial year ending 31 March 2015 arose as a result of the following factors:
Analysis Gain/(loss) R 1) Change in model (including interest for the year) (320)
2) Actual exits vs. expected 333
3) Change in economic assumptions 73
4) Change in demographic assumptions (56)
5) Actual vs. expected increase in subsidies (28)
6) Other miscellaneous items 22
Actuarial gain/(loss) 24
The model and methodology used during this valuation resulted in a loss of R320,000.
The reasons for the difference can be attributed to the following:• The previous valuation report applied an age differential of 4 years to calculate the age of the spouses. At
the current valuation actual ages of the spouses were utilized.• Previous valuation comprised of 3 males and 3 females as members. All 6 continuations members are males:• Change in medical aid options and medical aid service providers.
152 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Notes to the Financial StatementsAmount in Rand 2014 2013
9. Post Retirement Medical Aid Obligation (continued)
Actual exits during the year were more than expected which resulted in a gain of R333,000.
An increase in the net discount rate from 0,49% to 0.33% caused a decrease in the DBO, resulting in a gain of R73,000.
The loss of 56,000 due to a change in demographic assumptions arose due to an allowance for improvement in mortality assumptions.
The actual subsidy increases were higher than expected. This will increase the liability and lead to an actuarial loss of approximately R28,000.
There is an unexplained actuarial gain of approximately R22,000, which was not further investigated.
A sensitivity analysis for the healthcare cost inflation, discount rate and the post retirement mortality improvement assumptions were performed as at the valuation date. Sensitivity on defined benefit obligation as at 31 March 2014
Healthcare cost inflation 1% decrease Base (CPI + 2%) 1% increase (941) (1,026) (1,124)Discount rate 1% decrease Base (8.62%) 1% increase (1,125) (1,026) (924)
Post retirement mortality improvements 0.5% improvement Base (1% improvement) 1.5% improvement (997) (1,026) (1,058)
Healthcare cost inflation
In the past, healthcare cost inflation has typically exceeded the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”) by a margin of 1% to 2%.
The inflation assumption methodology apply the real and nominal yield curves to determine the inflation assumption as this provides information on the outlook on inflation at specific durations. Therefore, the best estimate inflation assumption is calculated as the difference between the nominal and real yield curves at the point corresponding to the duration of the liability, including a 0.5% inflation risk premium adjustment to make appropriate allowance for the current economic environment. A margin of 2% was added to this value to determine the healthcare cost inflation assumption.
The CPI inflation between the gross discount rate and healthcare cost inflation rate is more important than the individual values. The net discount rate is also a highly significant assumption in the respective valuations.
153THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Notes to the Financial Statements
Amount in Rand 2014 2013 9. Post Retirement Medical Aid Obligation (continued)
The future medical benefits are projected in line with the healthcare cost inflation rate and discounted at the gross discount rate. This is equivalent to discounting the benefits at their current level at the net discount rate.
The net discount rate therefore depends on the relationship between the gross discount rate and the healthcare cost inflation rate respectively. Using the gross discount and healthcare cost inflation rates as shown above, the resulting net discount rate is 0.33% (calculated as (1 + discount rate)/(1 + healthcare cost inflation rate) 1) for the period ending 31 March 2014.
Benefit rules
Subsidy levels
There is currently no policy regarding the post retirement healthcare subsidy in place. The continuation members inform AISA on a monthly basis, of their medical aid contributions. AISA then pays a specified subsidy of their medical aid contributions based on the following subsidy and benefit rules as was detailed in the previous valuation report.
AISA offered employees and continuation members the opportunity of belonging to one of several medical aid schemes, most of which offer a range of options pertaining to levels of cover.
Upon retirement, an employee may continue membership of the medical scheme. Upon a member’s death in retirement, the surviving dependants may continue membership of the medical scheme.
All continuation members receive a 30% subsidy of their total contributions to their chosen medical aid option. Upon a member’s death in retirement, the surviving dependants will continue to receive the same 30% subsidy.
The assumption was used that continuation members will remain on their current medical options.
Post Retirement Medical Aid ObligationOpening balance (1 078 070) (1 523 321) Interest cost (69 000) (133 000)Curtailment - 664 251 Actuarial gain/(loss) - (287 000)Gain/(loss) from change in financial assumptions 73 000 -Gain/(loss) from change in demographic assumptions (56 000) -Experience gains/(losses) 7 070 -Cash movements - -Benefit payments 97 000 201 000
(1 026 000) (1 078 070)
154 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
10. Provision for performance incentives
Designated at fair valueProvision for performance incentives balance brought forward 504 645 296 011 Performance incentives paid (504 645) (296 011) Provision for performance incentives current year Performance incentive over expensed - 504 645 Terms and conditions Provision for performance incentives current year 533 157 - Terms and conditions
533 157 504 645
11. Accumulated surplus
Ring fenced internal funds and reserves within accumulated surplus – 2014
Rollover Total
Opening balance 13 061 538 13 061 538 VAT Shortfall (13 061 538) (13 061 538)
- - Ring fenced internal funds and reserves within accumulated surplus – 2014
Rollover Total
Opening balance 11 012 606 11 012 606Carried forward to 2013/14 (11 012 606 ) (11 012 606)
- -
12. Revenue from exchange transactions
Sale of goods 343 257 223 777
Notes to the Financial Statements
155THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
13. Cost of sales
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
Cost of SalesPurchases 307 800 153 835 Inventory write down 187 303 55 165 Stock adjustment 186 883 (107 560)
681 986 101 440
14. Other revenue from exchange transactions
Skills Development refund 40 877 70 192Royalties received 175 018 88 917Rental income third party 121 843 107 816 Discount received 1 076 1 158Debt impairment recovered - 43 512Insurance payout 10 900 8 095Library Income 2 071 2 888Membership and Subscriptions 288 032 155 186Sundry Income 20 208 10 298
660 025 488 062
15. Government grants and subsidies Revenue from non exchange transactions
Government grant 35 237 000 33 643 000
16. Other Revenue from non exchange transactions
Special Projects 1 185 731 926 044
Notes to the Financial Statements
156 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
17. Expenditure by Nature
General and Administrative Expenditure Advertising & Marketing 364 906 573 400 Auditors remuneration 1 697 369 1 393 033 Bank charges 77 605 70 409 Library and Documentation Services 1 600 399 751 388 Consumables 232 814 168 114 Bad debts written off - 56 545 Refreshments and entertainment 88 278 88 329 Parliamentary portfolio committees 32 977 32 126 Insurance 142 202 123 089 Cleaning material 633 5 499Corporate Affairs and Office of CEO 1 036 333 1 406 923IT expenses 647 962 580 670 Memberships and subscriptions 19 073 29 585 Licenses 246 273 204 751Fuel and oil 21 166 18 168Disposal of assets 1 457 039 15 370 Research expenditure 2 383 331 2 025 744 Training and development 320 712 232 130 Publication expenditures 614 297 661 355 Stationery and printing 257 443 233 296
Operating Expenditure Amortisation Intangibles 80 989 339 673 Depreciation Books 32 499 30 143 Depreciation Computer equipment 431 905 413 626 Depreciation Fitting and interior 29 227 29 157 Depreciation Furniture and fixtures 188 640 193 627 Depreciation Land and buildings 1 835 1 835 Depreciation Motor vehicles 37 939 37 939 Water and electricity 368 194 439 018 Rates and Taxes 375 536 329 551 Security 446 253 368 628 Telephone and communication 512 177 438 358 Subsistance allowance (Per diem) 47 637 26 121 Repair and Maintenance - Vehicle 7 021 10 167Repair and Maintance - Building 47 061 69 252 Professional fees 526 481 255 182Postage and courier services 125 966 78 019 Travel - Local 45 853 49 820 Rent Building - operating lease 2 770 071 2 512 865
17 316 096 14 292 905
Notes to the Financial Statements
157THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
18. Employee related costs
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
Basic salaries 15 339 541 14 625 164Performance Incentive Provision 508 207 504 645Medical aid contributions - 2 048 UIF (41 416) 236 857SDL 161 753 151 067Group life insurance 45 567 50 006Leave paid 252 994 (244 835)Pensioners expense 63 830 147 348Workers compensation 605 29 141 Pension fund contributions 1 052 933 989 494Overtime payments 1 371 143 Long service awards 11 764 - 13th Cheques 157 374 239 464Acting allowances 255 056 94 692Temporary positions 60 508 34 973Car allowance 348 807 485 776Housing benefits and allowances 65 700 86 400Post retirement benefit obligation (reduction) (52 070) (445 251) Other - 32Bereavement expenses - 5 000Settlement expenses - 150 305
18 232 524 17 142 469
19. Investment revenue
Bank - Interest received 853 525 615 226 Total interest earned are calculated by using the effective interest rate on financial instruments.
20. Impairment of assets
The institution did not incur any impairment losses on assets.
21. Auditors’ remuneration
Audit Fees external 1 697 369 1 393 033
Notes to the Financial Statements
158 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
22. Cash generated from operations
Surplus 2 048 932 4 957 292 Adjustments for: Depreciation and amortisation 803 032 1 045 999 Surplus/(Deficit) on sale or disposal of non current assets 1 487 810 (15 370) Debt impairment - 56 545 Movements in operating lease liability (431 821) (146 651) Movements in provisions 28 512 208 684 Other non cash items - (597 997) Changes in working capital: Inventories (519 632) (400 041) Receivables from exchange transactions (284 580) (41 128) Payables from exchange transactions 1 539 130 793 081 Post retirement medical aid obligation (52 070) (445 251)
4 619 313 5 415 163
23. Commitments
Special Projects not completed • Redefine Properties 771 917 -• University of South Africa 114 600 114 600• Africa Expo funding 233 639 293 639• Tracker 1 307 -• Multi Choice 4 593 -• Altech Auto Page 20 294 -
Mimecast 19 631 -• Internet Solutions 116 075 -• Wizcat 60 687 -
1 342 743 408 239
This committed expenditure relates to special projects entered into agreements between the related parties. At year end the projects were incomplete and the remainder of the funding was allocated to income received in advance. The book project for R114,600 was not completed at financial year end. Other commitments to the amount of R994,504 refer to contractual obligations that will continue after incorporation date due to service providers.
Notes to the Financial Statements
159THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
23. Commitments (continued)
Operating leases as lessor (income)
Minimum lease payments due
- within one year 31 006 118 598 A portion of the institution’s premises is held to generate rental income. Rental of office space is expected to generate rental yields of 10% on an ongoing basis. Lease agreements are non cancellable and have a remaining term of 3 months. There are no contingent rents receivable and the agreement will not be considered for renewal as the current lease agreement ends in June 2014 and AISA will move to the HSRC premises.
24. Contingencies
Contingent liabilities
The liabilities listed below are listed as there are uncertainties relating to the amounts and timing of the outflows.
Employees contribution to pension fund in terms of total cost to company
ABSA Consultants and Actuaries conducted an actuarial valuation for all employees who incorrectly contributed in terms of their total cost to company remuneration structure to the previous defined benefit plan. In terms of the defined benefit plan this was incorrectly contributed and as per the valuation a liability to an estimated value of R1,985,547 was calculated. Nineteen employees and 5 former employees were identified. The nineteen active employees were addressed through the distribution of the R1,598,201 but a possible liability could arise for the R1,985,547 plus growth.
The possible liability was included in the scope of the pension fund audit which is currently being conducted by an independent service provider. In addition to this a legal opinion was also requested in terms of the right to claim by the former employees prior to consideration of recognising the liability. Contingent assets
Shares and dividends
AISA currently holds to two potential assets which are currently disclosed under income received in advance. This income relates to shares and dividends which were paid out in March 2014 prior to incorporation. The value of the sold shares and dividends received amounted to R248,128.41 There is uncertainty in terms of the possible distribution of the shares and whether the full income resides with the institution or should be distributed to the members who contributed to the group life scheme at the date when demutualisation shares were issued.
Shares and dividends were also paid into the AISA Pension Fund, which will also require consideration of distribution to members and/or the institution.
Notes to the Financial Statements
160 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
24. Contingencies (continued)
Pension Fund Surplus
AISA also has a pension fund surplus currently stated under income received in advance to the amount of R2,574,539 (2012/13: R1,521,606.54) The accumulative amount refers to the holiday period granted by the Financial Services Board to offset the surplus valuated at the date of conversion from a defined benefit to a defined contribution fund in 2010.
Both matters were also included in the scope of the pension fund audit.
25. List of standards adopted and issued but not yet effective
Below is a list of GRAP Standards that have been issued but not yet effected as well as standards adopted during the period:
Name and number Standard or Interpretation
GRAP Standards approved and effective GRAP 1 Presentation of Financial StatementsGRAP 2 Cash Flow StatementsGRAP 3 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and ErrorsGRAP 4 The Effects of changes in Foreign Exchange Rates GRAP 5 Borrowing Costs GRAP 6 Consolidated and Seperate Financial StatementsGRAP 7 Investments in AssociatesGRAP 8 Interest in Joint Ventures GRAP 9 Revenue from Exchange TransactionsGRAP 10 Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationery Economies GRAP 11 Construction ContractsGRAP 12 InventoriesGRAP 13 LeasesGRAP 14 Events after reporting datesGRAP 16 Investment PropertyGRAP 17 Property, Plant and EquipmentGRAP 19 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent AssetsGRAP 21 Impairment of Non Cash generating AssetsGRAP 23 Revenue from Non Exchange transactions GRAP 24 Presentation of Budget information in Financial StatementsGRAP 25 Employee BenefitsGRAP 26 Improvement of Cash generating assets
Notes to the Financial Statements
161THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
25. List of standards adopted and issued but not yet effective (continued)
GRAP 27 Agriculture (Replaces GRAP 101) GRAP 31 Intangible Assets (Replaces GRAP 102)GRAP 100 Non Current Assets held for sale and Discontinued OperationsGRAP 101 Agriculture (Relaced by GRAP 27)GRAP 102 Intangible Assets (Replaced by GRAP 31) GRAP 103 Heritage Assets GRAP 104 Financial Instruments
GRAP Standards approved and not yet effective
GRAP 18 Segment ReportingGRAP 20 Related Party DisclosuresGRAP 105 Transfer of functions between entities under common controlGRAP 106 Transfer of functions between entities not under common controlGRAP 107 Mergers GRAP 108 Statutory Receivables
26. Related parties
Africa Institute of South Africa is an Institution established by the Africa Institute of South Africa Act, Act 68 of 2001. In terms of the Act, the Minister of Science and Technology appoints Council Members, to whom they are accountable. The Department of Science and Technology provides funding to AISA in terms of the Act. The core funding of AISA comes from the Department of Science and Technology, other strategic partners from whom AISA received funding are listed hereunder:
Related party balances
Related Parties Department of Science and Technology - Grant 35 237 000 33 643 000 National Research Foundation - Special Project 20 000 -South African Institute of International Affairs 15 000 46 000 Tshwane University of Technology - Special Project 300 000 - Department of International Relations and Cooperation 64 515 151 905 Department of Arts and Culture 300 000 -Embassy of the Republic of China 234 563 -Thabo Mbeki African Leadership Institute 100 000 -University of South Africa - Special Project 114 600 114 600
36 385 678 33 955 505
Notes to the Financial Statements
162 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
26. Related parties (continued)
Key management information
Class Description Number Council members Non Executive 11 Executive Management Interim Chief Executive Officer 1 Senior Management Institutional Management Members 5
Management information is disclosed in detail on page 112.
27. Members’ emoluments
Member emolument information is set out in detail on page 112.
28. Prior period errors
Prior period errors were identified and corrected. The errors refers to incorrect allocation of rental for the prior year, assets additions for the prior year incorrectly accounted for in the current year and a UIF error relating to amounts payable to employees. The impact of the errors are detailed below:
Statement of financial position Receivables from exchange transactions was understated - 257 306 Trade payables was understated - UIF - (154 372) Property Plant and Equipment was understated - 52 709 Statement of Financial Performance Rates and Taxes was overstated - (257 306) Employee related cost for prior year was understated UIF - 154 372 Acquisition of assets was understated - (52 709)
29. Financial Risk management
Financial risk management
The Institution’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including currency risk, fair value interest rate risk, cash flow interest rate risk and price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk.
The Institution’s overall risk management process focuses on the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to minimise potential adverse effects on the entity’s financial performance. The entity uses derivative financial
Notes to the Financial Statements
163THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
29. Financial Risk management (continued)
instruments to hedge certain risk exposures. Risk management is carried out by the Finance Division under the overall Risk Management Policy approved by the Council. The Council provides guiding principles for overall risk management, as well as written policies covering areas, such as foreign exchange risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, use of derivative financial instruments and non derivative financial instruments, and investment of excess liquidity.
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that will derive if the Institute has insufficient funds available to settle obligations when they are due. The Institute has limited risk due to the recurring nature of its income.
The Institution’s risk to liquidity is a result of the funds available to cover future commitments. The Institute manages liquidity risk through an ongoing review of future commitments.
Cash flow forecasts are prepared and monitored. AISA is solvent with total assets less current liabilities at R18,398,282 (inclusive of revaluation of assets). In terms of liquidity, the Institution is liquid with the current ratio at 2,66:1 (2012/13: R2,36:1 restated) which means that for every R1 of current liabilities the entity has R2,66 (2012/13: R2,36 restated) of current assets to cover its liabilities.
Foreign Exchange Risk
Foreign exchange risk is the risk that fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate in South African Rand (“ZAR”) due to changes in foreign exchange rates.
AISA operates internationally and is exposed to foreign exchange risk that arises from various currency exposures, primarily with respect to the Euro, US dollar and the UK pound. Foreign exchange risk arises from future commercial transactions (sales of books/publications), international travel and subscriptions with foreign organisations. The institute does not hedge and did not enter into any forward exchange contracts during the period under review. The Institution did not incurr any foreign exchange loss for the period under review and the risk is therefore limited to the extent that transactions occur. The total value of foreign exchange transactions for the 2013/14 financial year amounted to R416,579 (2012/13 : R335,613).
Foreign Currency Sensitivity
At year end, the Institute is exposed to fluctuations mainly in US dollar, GBP and Euro as some trade receivable balances are denominated in these currencies. The potential exposure on these balances resulting from fluctuations in the currencies. ZAR exchange rate would not result in a significant impact on the statement of financial performance as the Institution has no significant interest bearing assets. The Institution’s income and operating cash flows are dependent of changes in market interest rates.
Notes to the Financial Statements
164 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
29. Financial Risk management (continued) Interest rate risk
The Institute’s cash flow interest rate arises from cash and cash equivalents, loan receivables and finance lease obligations. The Institute is not exposed to fair value interest rate risk as the Institute does not have any fixed interest bearing financial instruments carried at fair value.
Interest rates are constantly monitored and appropriate steps are taken to ensure that the institution’s exposure to interest rate fluctuations is limited. Interest Rate Sensitivity
A change of 50 basis points in the South African prime interest rate at the reporting date would have decreased profit or loss before. This analysis assumes that all other variables remain constant. The analysis is performed on the same basis for 2013.
The prime interest rate at year end was 9% (2013: 8.5%).
Other Price Risks
The institute is not exposed to risk arising from fluctuations in other market prices.
Credit risk
Credit risk is managed on an individual basis.
The maximum exposure to credit risk is represented by the carrying amount of each financial asset in the statement of financial performance (net of impairment losses where relevant). At statement of financial position date there were no significant concentrations of credit risk.
Credit risk consists mainly of cash deposits, cash equivalents, and trade debtors. The Institution only deposits cash with major banks with high quality credit standing and limits exposure to any counter party.
Trade receivables comprise a widespread customer base. Management evaluated credit risk relating to customers on an ongoing basis. If customers are independently rated, these ratings are used. Otherwise, if there is no independent rating, risk control assesses the credit quality of the customer, taking into account its financial position, past experience and other factors. Exposure to credit risk on loan and other receivable balances is monitored as part of the Finance Division’s daily procedures. Cash investments are only placed with reputable financial institutions. The exposure to Credit risk is limited as the Institution endeavors to recover outstanding debt within 30 days.
Notes to the Financial Statements
165THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
30. Going concern
The Minister of Science and Technology announced that AISA will be incorporated into the HSRC. The legal process of repealing the AISA Act was completed and effective 1 April 2014. The AISA MTEF (Medium Term Expenditure Framework) budget was ring-fenced for the next three years. All staff, assets, rights, obligations and liabilities were transferred to the HSRC.
The Africa Institute of South Africa received a grant from the Department of Science and Technology to the amount of R35 237 000 (2013 : R33 643 000). This grant will continue to be received as a programme under the HSRC.
31. Fruitless and wasteful expenditure
Fruitless and wasteful expenditure : Re printing of book cover 13 677 -Fruitless and wasteful expenditure - Default interest (Workmans Compensation) 605 - Fruitless and wasteful expenditure - Default interest (Auditor General) 1 981 - Fruitless and wasteful expenditure - Surcharge levy as late request for printing of banners 3 783 - Recovered (1 981) -
18 065 - The re-printing of the book cover was written off and expensed against publication expenditure. The interest paid in terms of the workmans compensation was written off and expensed against workmans compensation as the employee left the organisation. Interest of earned on the late payment of the invoice was deducted from the employee.
32. Irregular expenditure
Opening balance - 164 845 Add: Irregular Expenditure current year 587 963 34 717 Add: Irregular Expenditure prior year identified in current year - 2 698 Less: Amounts condoned (177 744) (148 129) Less: Amounts recovered (4 255) (54 131)
Awaiting condonation 405 964 -
Notes to the Financial Statements
166 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2014
Amount in Rand 2014 2013
32. Irregular expenditure (continued)
Analysis of expenditure awaiting condonation per age classification
Current year 405 964 - Details of irregular expenditure Non Compliance: Supply Chain Management 585 598 - Non Compliance : Internal Policies 2 365 37 415
587 963 37 415 Details of irregular expenditure condoned/recovered Non Compliance: Supply Chain Management & Internal Policies 177 744 Internal Policies 2 365 Interest paid recovered : Fruitless & Wasteful 1 890
181 999 Irregular expenditure was listed as a result of non compliance with Supply Chain Management procedures and Internal Policies as well as a fraudulent tax clearance certificate found on the data file whilst the service provider had valid tax clearance certificates in place.
33. Actual operating expenditure versus budgeted operating expenditure Refer to Statement of Comparison of Budget and Actual amounts on pages 120 to 122.
Notes to the Financial Statements
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
ANNUAL PERFORMANCE
REPORT
170 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
ject
ives
Pe
rfor
man
ce
Indi
cato
r
Activ
ityBu
dget
YT
D
Actu
al
YT
D Bu
dget
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Com
men
ts
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
1. P
rodu
ce
and
enco
urag
e kn
owle
dge
prod
uctio
n an
d di
ssem
inat
ion
on
Afric
an a
ffairs
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
21 Jo
urna
l Arti
cles
were
pub
lishe
d in
accre
dited
jour
nals.
Varia
nce
due
to th
e ap
point
ment
of 2
new
re
sear
cher
s.
44%
Budg
et v
arian
ce.
Depe
nden
t on
fieldw
ork
atte
ndan
ce a
nd n
umbe
r of
vac
ancie
s dur
ing th
e pe
riod
unde
r rev
iew
as w
ell a
s imp
act o
f ac
ting
posit
ions.
Dire
ctors:
Rese
arch
And
Publi
catio
ns
31 M
arch
20
14
21 Exce
eded
.1.
1 Pr
oduc
e hi
gh
leve
l and
qua
lity
rese
arch
out
puts
1.1.
1 In
tern
al Re
sear
cher
s to
publ
ish: 2
0 Jo
urna
l ar
ticle
s
2020
210
1 228 818
690 447
538 371
23
106
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
ANN
UAL
PER
FORM
ANC
E RE
PORT
171THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
ject
ives
Pe
rfor
man
ce
Indi
cato
r
Activ
ityBu
dget
YT
D
Actu
al
YT
D Bu
dget
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Com
men
ts
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et e
xcee
ded
33 P
olicy
brie
fs we
re pu
blish
ed.
Varia
nce
due
to th
e ap
point
ment
of 2
new
re
sear
cher
s.
80%
Budg
et v
arian
ce.
Budg
et o
ver e
stima
ted
and
some
costs
wer
e inc
urre
d in
prior
yea
r
Dire
ctors:
Re
sear
chAn
d Pu
blica
tions
31
Mar
ch
2014
33 Exce
eded
.1.
1.2
Rese
arch
ers
and
inte
rns t
o pu
blish
Pol
icy
brie
fs (1
2 fro
m In
tern
s & 1
2 fro
m Re
sear
cher
s)
2424
330
54 500
11 027
43 473
68
136
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
172 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
1.Pr
oduc
e an
d en
cour
age
know
ledg
e pr
oduc
tion
and
diss
emin
atio
n on
Af
rican
affa
irs
Afric
a In
sight
Vol
43(1
), 43
(2) a
nd
43(3
) with
a to
tal
of 2
4 Jo
urna
l arti
cles
have
bee
n pu
blish
ed.
Afric
a In
sight
Vol
43(4
) is i
n pr
oduc
tion
to b
e pu
blish
ed in
May
20
14. D
elays
wer
e du
e to
late
revie
w re
ports
.
55%
Budg
et v
arian
ce.
Afric
a Jo
urna
l stil
l to
be p
ublis
hed
for Q
4.
To b
e pu
blish
ed in
the
next
fina
ncial
yea
r. Co
nfer
ence
took
plac
e in
Febr
uary
201
4.
“Pro
pose
d sp
ecial
ec
onom
ic zo
nes”
was
pu
blish
ed.
SA-C
hina
proc
eedin
gs
subm
itted
in M
arch
20
14. T
o be
pub
lishe
d in
the
next
fina
ncial
ye
ar
Inclu
ded
in pu
blica
tions
ex
pend
iture
Inclu
ded
in pu
blica
tions
ex
pend
iture
21Ex
ceed
ed.
0No
t Ach
ieved
1Ac
hieve
d.
1.1
Prod
uce
high
level
and
quali
ty re
sear
ch
outp
uts
1.1.
3 Pu
blica
tions
Di
vision
to p
ublis
h
Jour
nal a
rticle
s in
Afric
a In
sight
1.1.
4 Pu
blica
tions
div
ision
to p
ublis
h pr
ocee
dings
from
the
AYGS
Con
fere
nce
1.1.
5 Pu
blica
tions
div
ision
to p
ublis
h
Amba
ssad
orial
For
a
– Pr
ocee
dings
45 1 1
48 1 1
24 0 1
24 1 0
312 672
141 672
171 069
0 0 0
8 0 0
16 0 0
6 0 1
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
173THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
To b
e pu
blish
ed in
the
next
fina
ncial
yea
r. Co
nfer
ence
took
plac
e in
March
201
4.
Inclu
ded
in pu
blica
tions
ex
pend
iture
0No
t Ach
ieved
1.1.
3 Pu
blica
tions
Di
vision
to p
ublis
h
Jour
nal a
rticle
s in
Afric
a In
sight
11
01
00
06
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
Dire
ctor :
Re
sear
ch31
Mar
ch
2014
174 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
ject
ives
Pe
rfor
man
ce
Indi
cato
r
Activ
ityBu
dget
YT
D
Actu
al
YT
D Bu
dget
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Com
men
ts
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
The
follo
wing
boo
ks
were
pub
lishe
d:
1. “
Socia
l Con
tract
in Af
rica”
with
9 ch
apte
rs by
Olus
anya
Osh
a.
2. “
Indig
enou
s Pe
ople’
s Righ
ts” w
ith
9 ch
apte
rs by
Ridw
an
Lahe
r/Ko
rir.
3. “
Chall
enge
s fac
ing
educ
ation
in S
outh
Afric
a” b
y W
ilfre
d Le
gotlo
with
12
chap
ters.
83%
Budg
et v
arian
ce.
Paym
ents
for s
ome
of th
e co
ntrib
utor
s wer
e ef
fecte
d in
prior
yea
r
Dire
ctor :
Re
sear
ch 3
1 Ma
rch
2014
30 Exce
eded
.1.
1.7
R
esea
rch
Divi
sion
to p
ublis
h m
inim
um o
f 24
Book
chap
ters
from
fe
llows
.
2424
300
340 000
56 698
283 302
00
030
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
175THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
ject
ives
Pe
rfor
man
ce
Indi
cato
r
Activ
ityBu
dget
YT
D
Actu
al
YT
D Bu
dget
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Com
men
ts
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et m
et.
The
book
title
d “A
frica
n Un
ion:
ten
year
s afte
r” b
y Ma
mmo
Much
ie,
Phind
ile Lu
khele
-Ol
orun
ju an
d Be
njami
n Ak
por w
ith 2
8 ch
apte
rs wa
s pub
lishe
d.49
% Bu
dget
var
iance
.
Rese
arch
an
d Pu
blica
tions
28 Exce
eded
.1.
1.8
Res
earc
h Di
visio
n to
pub
lish
at le
ast 2
4 Bo
ok
chap
ters
from
co
mm
issio
ning
. 1.
1.9
Res
earc
h &P
ublic
atio
ns to
pu
blish
(60
Book
chap
ters
)- 6
boo
ks
from
pub
licat
ions
2424
280
285 482
146 636
138 846
00
280
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
176 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
ject
ives
Pe
rfor
man
ce
Indi
cato
r
Activ
ityBu
dget
YT
D
Actu
al
YT
D Bu
dget
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Com
men
ts
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
The
follo
wing
boo
ks
were
pub
lishe
d:
1.“T
he b
onda
ge o
f bo
unda
ries”
.
2.“T
he N
ation
alism
”
3.“T
he fu
ture
we
chos
e”.
4.“A
frica
in a
chan
ging
globa
l env
ironm
ent”
.
5.“L
aying
the
BRIC
S of
a ne
w glo
bal o
rder
”.
6.”R
ethin
king
educ
ation
al tra
nsfo
rmat
ion in
Zim
babw
e”.
7.“B
reak
thro
ugh”
.
8.“T
MALI”
.
Varia
nce
is du
e to
a nu
mber
of a
utho
rs wh
o co
ntrib
uted
to th
e pu
blica
tions
.
-22%
Bud
get v
arian
ce.
Dire
ctor :
Re
sear
ch 3
1 Ma
rch
2014
171
Exce
eded
1.1.
9 R
esea
rch
&Pub
licat
ions
to
publ
ish (6
0 Bo
okch
apte
rs )-
6 b
ooks
fro
m p
ublic
atio
ns
6060
171
0
374 687
455 510
-80 823
036
7362
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
177THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et m
et.
Afric
a In
sight
accre
dited
from
IBSS
an
d DH
ET.
44%
Budg
et V
aria
nce
To b
e pu
blish
ed in
the
next
fina
ncial
yea
r.
Varia
nce
due
to co
nside
ratio
ns o
f the
im
porta
nt e
lectio
ns
that
will
be h
eld in
Af
rica
from
March
20
14 o
nwar
ds
(esp
ecial
ly th
ose
in No
rth A
frica
) and
ch
ange
s in
leade
rship
which
will
take
plac
e.
The
book
wou
ld ha
ve
been
use
less i
f prin
ted
with
out t
hese
chan
ges.
77%
Budg
et V
arian
ce.
ing o
f Afri
ca
at a
Glan
ce st
ill to
take
plac
e. W
ork
in pr
ogre
ss.
1Ac
hieve
d
0No
t Ach
ieved
1.2
Publi
sh a
nd
Diss
emina
te o
ther
high
level
outp
ut
1.2.
1 Pu
blica
tions
div
ision
to R
etain
the
accre
ditat
ion o
f Afri
ca
Insig
ht
1.2.
2 Pu
blica
tions
Di
vision
to p
ublis
h Af
rica
at a
Glan
ce
1200
TOTA
L
1
1203 1
1308 0
026 1
-
2 753
963
1 545
885
1 208
078
08 0
155 0
0124 0
0121 0
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
148 011
44 685
192 696
--
Dire
ctor:
Publi
catio
n 31
Mar
ch
2014
Dire
ctor
Rese
arch
Dire
ctor:
Publi
catio
n31
Mar
ch
2014
178 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Publi
shed
onc
e ev
ery
two
year
s: W
ill be
pu
blish
ed in
201
4/15
.
Publi
shed
onc
e ev
ery
two
year
s: W
ill be
pu
blish
ed in
201
4/15
.
Targ
et m
et.
Afric
a Ye
ar B
ook
was
publi
shed
.
Varia
nce d
ue to
delay
s fro
m the
supp
liers.
-23%
Over
expe
nditu
re
Varia
nce d
ue
to de
lays f
rom
the su
pplie
rs.-23
% Ov
er ex
pend
iture
48 Partia
lly
achie
ved.
77%
Budg
et v
aria
nce
Publi
shed
once
every
two
years
: Will
be
publi
shed
in
2014
/15.
Publi
shed
once
every
two
years
: Will
be
publi
shed
in
2014
/15.
1 Ac
hieve
d.
1.2.
3 Pu
blica
tions
Div
ision t
o pub
lish Af
rica
A-Z 1.2.
4 Pu
blica
tions
Div
ision t
o pub
lish St
ate
of Afr
ica
1.2.
5 Pu
blica
tions
Div
ision t
o pub
lish Af
rica
Yearb
ook
1.3.
1 LD
S Unit
to
Acqu
ire bo
oks t
o inc
rease
know
ledge
res
ource
s
1.3
Expa
nd an
d ma
intain
the L
ibrary
ho
lding
s in o
rder
to cre
ate ac
cess t
o inf
ormati
on on
Afric
an
affair
s to v
ariou
s sta
keho
lders
1 5TO
TAL
1 1 100
- 3- 1 98
0 20 1 48
0 10 0 50
192 6
9650 000
44 68
5
61 266
148 0
11
-11 266
0 00 0 0
0 10 0 13
0 10 1 25
0 00 0 10
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
179THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
The
numb
er re
ceive
d de
pend
s on
partn
ers.
This
decli
ne is
due
to
vario
us re
ason
s suc
h as
clos
ing d
own
of ex
chan
ge p
artn
ers,
publi
shing
term
inatio
n an
d fin
ancia
l co
nstra
ints d
ue to
re
cess
ion.
163
Partia
lly
achie
ved.
1.3.
2 LD
S to R
eceive
ex
chan
ge pu
blica
tions
an
nuall
y
1.3
Expa
nd an
d ma
intain
the L
ibrary
ho
lding
s in o
rder
to cre
ate ac
cess t
o inf
ormati
on on
Afric
an
affair
s to v
ariou
s sta
keho
lders
360
300
163
137
--
-47
4324
49
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
Varia
nce
due
to b
ette
r re
lation
ship
with
supp
liers.
16%
Budg
et v
arian
ce.
Surp
lus w
as re
locat
ed
to a
ccom
moda
te pe
riodic
al sh
ortfa
ll.
Targe
t met.
LDS s
ubscr
ibed t
o two
pe
riodic
als.
48 Partia
lly
achie
ved.
366
Excee
ded.
1.3.
4 LD
S to S
ubscr
ibe
to ne
w pe
riodic
als
bi-an
nuall
y and
2 2
20
157 625
132 251
25 374
00
11
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
1.3.
3 LD
S to M
aintai
n ex
isting
perio
dicals
150
100
366
083
9810
778
180 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
DM5,
Req
uest,
Sab
icat,
EBSC
O an
d Ec
onom
ist
Inte
lligen
ce d
atab
ases
we
re m
ainta
ined.
Varia
nce
due
to la
te su
bscri
ption
.
5 Partia
lly
achie
ved.
1.3.
5 LD
S to M
aintai
n ex
isting
datab
ases
1.3
Expa
nd an
d ma
intain
the L
ibrary
ho
lding
s in o
rder
to cre
ate ac
cess t
o inf
ormati
on on
Afric
an
affair
s to v
ariou
s sta
keho
lders
66
51
0 3
02
Targ
et m
et.
Subs
cribe
d to
a n
ew
data
base
calle
d AJ
OL.
-15%
Bud
get v
arian
ce.
Over
exp
endit
ure
as a
resu
lt of
the
exch
ange
ra
te fl
uctu
ation
s.
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
Digit
isatio
n of
boo
ks
cond
ucte
d on
09
Dece
mber
201
3 an
d su
bmitt
ed in
Janu
ary
2014
to th
e Un
iversi
ty of
Pre
toria
.
Direct
or Re
search
and
Mana
ger: L
DS31
Marc
h 20
14
1 Achie
ved.
26 Achie
ved.
555 543 34 934
640 621 449 006
-85 078 -414 072
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
1.3.
6 LD
S to S
ubscr
ibe
to ne
w da
tabas
es bi-
annu
ally
1.3.
7 Dig
itisati
on of
othe
r AIS
A pub
licatio
ns(A
ISA
Book
s) by
LDS U
nit
1 24
1 24
1 26
0 0
1 0
0 0
0 0
0 26
-9%
Budg
et
619
TOTA
L50
758
518
876
3 168
834 1
38-70
970
131
157
157
140
181THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
. 1063
map
s and
188
ph
otos
wer
e dig
itise
d.
Varia
nce
was d
ue to
mo
re m
aps a
nd p
hoto
s be
ing d
igitis
ed to
mee
t th
e lib
rary
pre
scrip
ts.
-118
5% B
udge
t Va
rianc
e. D
igitiz
ation
inv
oice
was s
ubmi
tted
afte
r 201
2/13
fin
ancia
l yea
r and
fo
rmed
par
t of
comm
itmen
ts un
der
budg
et -
accu
mulat
ed
surp
lus fu
nds.
1.3.
8 Ma
ps an
d pho
to co
llecti
on by
Carto
graph
y un
it
1.3
Expa
nd an
d ma
intain
the L
ibrary
ho
lding
s in o
rder
to cre
ate ac
cess t
o inf
ormati
on on
Afric
an
affair
s to v
ariou
s sta
keho
lders
550
596
1251
016
086
947
5812
51Ex
ceede
d.
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
23%
Budg
et v
aria
nce
Tota
l Stra
tegi
c Obj
ectio
n 1
1 872
188
3 744
761
2 873
714
133%
Bud
get v
aria
nce
574
TOTA
L62
012
770
34 93
444
9 006
-414 0
7216
086
947
84
182 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et m
et.
The
GIS
semi
nars
were
held
in Q1
and
Q2.
6% B
udge
t var
iance
Dire
ctor
Rese
arch
Mont
hly
Dire
ctor
Rese
arch
31
Mar
ch
2014
2 Achie
ved.
2.1.
1 The
GIS U
nit to
put
togeth
er an
d part
icipate
in
Geo S
cienc
e cen
tric
netw
orks a
cross
Africa
for
GIS da
ta an
d reso
urces.
Partic
ipate
in En
viron
menta
l Inf
ormati
on Sy
stems
(E
IS) Af
rica N
etwork
2. Im
prove
the c
apac
ity
of un
iversi
ties a
nd
institu
tions
of hi
gher
learni
ng in
Afric
an
studie
s prog
ramme
s thr
ough
our C
ampu
s Le
cture
Seri
es (C
LS)
12
20
192 805
11
00
Targ
et m
et.
Camp
us Le
cture
Ser
ies
held
at th
e Or
bit F
ET,
Brits
and
Man
kwe
FET
and
the
Unive
rsity
of V
enda
and
the
Unive
rsity
of K
wa-Zu
lu Na
tal.
7% B
udge
t var
iance
.
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
4 LD
S Se
mina
rs we
re he
ld.82
% Bu
dget
var
iance
. LD
S se
mina
rs we
re he
ld in
colla
bora
tion
with
rese
arch
semi
nars
which
resu
lted
in co
st sa
vings
.
48 Partia
lly
achie
ved.
4 Excee
ded.
5 Achie
ved.
2.1.
2 Re
search
Divis
ion
to Ho
st sem
inars
at ide
ntifie
d five
Tertia
ry Ins
titutio
ns
2.1.
3 Re
search
divis
ion
to en
gage
with
stud
ents
throu
gh its
Flag
ship
projec
ts
2.1.
4 LD
S sem
inars
to be
held
annu
ally
600 2
650 2
726 4
0 0
123 827 20 289
114 551 3 722
9 276 16 567
0 0
0 1
149 3
577 0
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
55
50
00
32
2. In
creas
e the
res
ervoir
and q
uality
of
resea
rchers
and
deve
lop an
d imp
lemen
t ca
pacit
y buil
ding
progra
mmes
181 647
11 158
11%
Budg
et v
aria
nce
608
TOTA
L65
973
70
336 9
2129
9 921
37 00
01
215
557
9
183THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
ject
ives
Pe
rfor
man
ce
Indi
cato
r
Activ
ityBu
dget
YT
D
Actu
al
YT
D Bu
dget
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Com
men
ts
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
4 LD
S Se
mina
rs we
re he
ld.
82%
Budg
et v
arian
ce.
LDS
semi
nars
were
held
in co
llabo
ratio
n wi
th re
sear
ch se
mina
rs wh
ich re
sulte
d in
cost
savin
gs.
Targ
et m
et.
6 Fe
llows
wer
e ap
point
ed to
boo
st AI
SA re
sear
ch a
nd
activ
ities
.
2.2
Deve
lop a
nd
ment
or y
oung
re
sear
cher
s/
grad
uate
s ann
ually
to
impr
ove
their
kn
owled
ge a
nd
incre
ase
their
qu
ality
of o
utpu
ts on
Afri
can
affa
irs
2.3
Enha
nce
our
rese
arch
net
work
s an
d co
llabo
ratio
n by
emp
loying
dis
tingu
ished
fe
llows
to b
oost
AISA
rese
arch
and
ac
tiviti
es
Dire
ctors:
Re
sear
ch,
Publi
catio
ns,
mana
gers:
HR
, LDS
, CA,
CF
O
Dire
ctor
Rese
arch
31 M
arch
20
14
13 Exce
eded
.
6 Achie
ved.
2.2.
1 AI
SA to
ap
point
Inte
rns
2.3.
1 Re
sear
ch
divisi
on to
eng
age
Fello
ws
Includ
ed in
emplo
yee r
elated
costs
Includ
ed in
Strat
egic
Objec
tive 1
un
der 1
.1.9
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
10 6
10 6
13 6
0 0
10 4
2 0
1 0
0 2
10 6
TOTA
L
TOTA
L
10 6
13 6
0 0
- -
- -
- -
10 4
2 0
1 0
0 2
184 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
ject
ives
Pe
rfor
man
ce
Indi
cato
r
Activ
ityBu
dget
YT
D
Actu
al
YT
D Bu
dget
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Com
men
ts
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et m
et.
AYGS
conf
eren
ce h
eld
from
17-1
9 Fe
brua
ry 20
14.
35%
Budg
et v
arian
ce.
Costs
wer
e su
ppor
ted
by e
xter
nal f
unde
rs by
me
ans o
f fun
ding
or ex
pens
es p
aid d
irectl
y by
fund
ers.
Targe
t exce
eded
.Co
-opera
tion a
greem
ents
were
signe
d with
the K
ARA
Herita
ge In
stitut
e, Un
iversi
ty of
Johan
nesb
urg, B
rand S
A, TU
T, La
kshm
an Ka
dirga
mar
Institu
te an
d the
Depa
rtmen
t of
Arts a
nd Cu
lture.
Varia
nce w
as du
e to
stake
holde
rs sh
owing
gre
ater in
terest
in AI
SA
flags
hip pr
ojects
.
65%
Budg
et va
rianc
e. Fu
nding
raise
d lim
ited
throu
gh si
gned
MOU
’s
2.4
Host
an AY
GS
conf
eren
ce a
nnua
lly
to d
issem
inate
rese
arch
out
puts
by
youn
g an
d em
ergin
g sc
holar
s
3.1
Deve
lop
stake
holde
r int
ellige
nce
for
targ
eted
nee
d sa
tisfa
ction
at
natio
nal,
regio
nal
and
inter
natio
nal
levels
3. B
uild
the
AISA
im
age
and
incre
ase
our v
isibil
ity
Dire
ctor
Rese
arch
31 M
arch
20
14
CEO,
Di
recto
rs:
Rese
arch
, Pu
blica
tions
, Ma
nage
r CA
31 M
arch
20
14
1 Achie
ved.
26 Exce
eded
.
2.4.
1 Re
sear
ch
divisi
on to
Hos
t th
e an
nual
AYGS
Co
nfer
ence
3.1.
1 Re
sear
ch
divisi
on to
cond
uct
a mi
nimum
nu
mber
of r
esea
rch
cons
ultat
ions a
t re
giona
l, na
tiona
l, an
d In
tern
ation
al co
nfer
ence
s
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
1 14
1 13
1 26
0 0
0 4
0 17
0 3
1 2
1TO
TAL
Tota
l for
Stra
tegi
c Obj
ectiv
e 2
11
040
5 264
741 9
80
264 9
65
564 8
26
140,0
9435
% Bu
dget
varia
nce
177 0
9424
% Bu
dget
varia
nce
00
01
405 264 289 407
264 965 278 184
140 094 113 223
185THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
ject
ives
Pe
rfor
man
ce
Indi
cato
r
Activ
ityBu
dget
YT
D
Actu
al
YT
D Bu
dget
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Com
men
ts
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
Co-op
erat
ion
agre
emen
ts we
re sig
ned
with
the
KARA
He
ritag
e In
stitu
te,
Unive
rsity
of
Joha
nnes
burg
, Bra
nd
SA, T
UT, L
aksh
man
Kadir
gama
r Ins
titut
e an
d th
e De
partm
ent o
f Ar
ts an
d Cu
lture
.
Varia
nce
was d
ue to
sta
keho
lders
show
ing
grea
ter i
nter
est i
n AI
SA
flags
hip p
rojec
ts.
65%
Budg
et v
arian
ce.
Fund
ing ra
ised
limite
d th
roug
h sig
ned
MOU’
s
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
11 A
mbas
sado
rial f
ora
were
held
.
Varia
nce
was d
ue to
Em
bass
ies sh
owing
gr
eate
r int
eres
t in
AISA
fla
gship
pro
jects.
95%
Budg
et v
arian
ce.
Fora
wer
e he
ld at
AIS
A fa
ciliti
es.
Dire
ctor
Rese
arch
31 M
arch
20
14
Dire
ctor
Rese
arch
31 M
arch
20
14
6 Exce
eded
.
11 Exce
eded
.
3.1.
2 AI
SA to
Sign
an
d mo
nitor
MOU
’s wi
th st
rate
gic
stake
holde
rs to
adva
nce
the
agen
da
of A
ISA
3.1.
3 Re
sear
ch
divisi
on to
Hos
t Am
bass
ador
ial
fora
and
emb
assy
ca
mpaig
ns
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
4 9
4 9
6 11
0 0
3 6
0 3
1 1
2 2
2 467 574 82 329
863 130 4 400
1 604 464 77 929
186 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
ject
ives
Pe
rfor
man
ce
Indi
cato
r
Activ
ityBu
dget
YT
D
Actu
al
YT
D Bu
dget
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Com
men
ts
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et e
xcee
ded
33 P
olicy
brie
fs we
re pu
blish
ed.
Varia
nce
due
to th
e ap
point
ment
of 2
new
re
sear
cher
s.
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
9 Me
eting
s wer
e he
ld to
enh
ance
AI
SA re
sear
ch a
nd
publi
catio
ns.
Varia
nce
was d
ue to
th
e ce
lebra
tions
of t
he
AU A
frica
yea
r.
100%
Bud
get v
arian
ce.
Media
inte
racti
on to
ok
place
at s
ched
uled
even
ts.
Targ
et m
et.
4 su
rvey
s wer
e co
nduc
ted.
Dire
ctor
Rese
arch
31 M
arch
20
14
Dire
ctor
Rese
arch
31 M
arch
20
14
Dire
ctor
Rese
arch
31 M
arch
20
14
33 Exce
eded
.
9 Exce
eded
.
4 Achie
ved.
3.1.
4 A
ISA
to pr
oduc
e 24
poli
cy
brief
s and
thes
e wi
ll be
plac
ed o
n th
e int
erne
t in
full.
3.1.
5 C
orpo
rate
Affa
irs d
ivisio
n to
Hold
mee
tings
with
me
dia h
ouse
s
3.1.
6
Res
earch
Di
vision
to C
ondu
ct su
rvey
s at e
vent
s
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
40 6 4
30 6 4
33 9 4
0 0 0
6 3 0
8 0 0
13 1 2
6 5 2
- -5 489
5 489
- --
- -
187THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
ject
ives
Pe
rfor
man
ce
Indi
cato
r
Activ
ityBu
dget
YT
D
Actu
al
YT
D Bu
dget
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Com
men
ts
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
11 A
ISA
news
lette
rs we
re p
ublis
hed
on
line
and
distri
bute
d to
stake
holde
rs.
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
Traffi
c to
the
webs
ite
was i
ncre
ased
to
103,
827
uniqu
e vis
itors.
Varia
nce
was d
ue to
at
tracti
ons t
owar
ds
AYGS
and
Afri
ca D
ay
conf
eren
ces.
77%
Budg
et v
arian
ce.
Web
site
were
not
furth
er e
nhan
ced
due
to in
corp
orat
ion.
Dire
ctor
Rese
arch
31 M
arch
20
14
Mana
ger:
CA31
Mar
ch
2014
11 Exce
eded
.
103,
827
Exce
eded
.
3.1.
7
Corp
orat
e Af
fairs
divi
sion
to Pr
oduc
e mo
nthly
AI
SA o
nline
ne
wslet
ters
3.2.
1 C
orpo
rate
Affa
irs d
ivisio
n to
Incre
ase
traffi
c on
the
webs
ite b
y 5%
an
nuall
y (T
otal
numb
er o
f vis
itors)
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
1010
110 0
23
15
-
36 574
36 574
29 322
26 913
22 680
24 912
103 827
126 9
4029
020
97 92
0
--
87To
tal S
trate
gic o
bjec
tive
3.1
60%
Budg
et v
aria
nce
7610
00
2 844
799
1 145
714
1 69
9 085
2431
2223
3.2
Deve
lop a
comp
rehe
nsive
ex
tern
al Co
mmun
icatio
n an
d Br
and
Stra
tegy
to
impr
ove
bran
ding,
mark
eting
, visi
bility
an
d pr
omot
e aw
aren
ess a
nd
cons
cious
ness
of
Afric
a
188 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
ject
ives
Pe
rfor
man
ce
Indi
cato
r
Activ
ityBu
dget
YT
D
Actu
al
YT
D Bu
dget
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Com
men
ts
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
Visib
ility
of re
sear
ch
was i
ncre
ased
.
Varia
nce
was d
ue to
at
tracti
ons t
owar
ds
AYGS
and
Afri
ca D
ay
conf
eren
ces.
Varia
nce
due
to a
numb
er o
f fiel
dwor
k se
mina
rs pr
esen
ted
by re
sear
cher
s out
side
AISA
pre
mise
s.
Targ
et m
et.
Arch
ie Ma
feje
memo
rial
lectu
re h
eld o
n 28
Ma
rch 2
014.
81%
Budg
et v
arian
ce.
Venu
e wa
s pro
vided
at
no co
st.
Dire
ctors:
Re
sear
ch,
Publi
catio
ns,
Mana
gers
CA, L
DS31
Mar
ch
2014
102
Exce
eded
.
10 Parti
ally
achie
ved.
1 Achie
ved.
3.2.
2
Res
earch
Di
vision
to In
creas
e vis
ibilit
y th
roug
h au
dio v
isual
chan
nels,
onli
ne
and
med
ia
3.2.
3 Th
e nu
mber
of se
mina
rs re
cord
ed b
y Co
rpor
ate
Affa
irs
and
viewe
d by
pu
blic p
ublic
3.3.
1 Re
sear
ch
Divis
ion to
Hos
t th
e Ar
chie
Mafe
je Me
moria
l lec
ture
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
90 17 1
90 17 1
102 10 1
0 7 0
30 2 0
21 2 0
29 4 0
22 2 1
-
85 45
8
-
16 38
4
-
-
69 07
4
--
Tota
l Stra
tegi
c obj
ectiv
e 3.
277
% Bu
dget
var
ianc
e7
126 9
4029
020
97 92
0
36 681
36 681
29 354
26 936
22 713
24 936
103 9393.
3 Co
ordin
ate
proje
cts to
incre
ase
AISA
visi
bility
crea
te mo
re a
ware
ness
of A
ISA
even
ts an
d ac
tiviti
es
189THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
ject
ives
Pe
rfor
man
ce
Indi
cato
r
Activ
ityBu
dget
YT
D
Actu
al
YT
D Bu
dget
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Com
men
ts
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
See
1.1.
8
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
Varia
nce
due
to m
ore
scho
ols p
artic
ipatin
g in
the
prog
ramm
e.
59%
Budg
et v
arian
ce.
Surp
lus re
sulte
d fro
m co
st sa
vings
due
to
large
r sch
ool g
roup
pa
rticip
ation
in a
spec
ific d
emog
raph
ic ar
eas.
Targ
et m
et.
Afric
a Ex
po w
as
hoste
d.
Dire
ctor
Rese
arch
31 M
arch
20
14
0 Not A
chiev
ed.
254
Exce
eded
.
1 Achie
ved.
3.3.
2 Re
sear
ch
&Pub
licat
ions
Divis
ions t
o Pr
oduc
e a
mono
grap
hs fr
om
the
Arch
ie Ma
feje
lectu
re
3.3.
3 LD
S to
Prom
ote
awar
enes
s of
AIS
A th
roug
h th
e sc
hool
outre
ach
prog
ramm
e
3.3.
4 AI
SA to
Hos
t an
Afri
ca E
xpo
in ce
lebra
tion
of A
frica
Da
y
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
1 170 1
1 175 1
0 254 1
1 0 0
0 72 0
0 44 0
0 34 0
0 104 1
-
Includ
ed un
der s
pecia
l pro
jects/
MOU
252 656
102 374
150,282
--
190 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
ject
ives
Pe
rfor
man
ce
Indi
cato
r
Activ
ityBu
dget
YT
D
Actu
al
YT
D Bu
dget
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Com
men
ts
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
See
1.1.
8
The
Lond
on b
ook
fair
was m
oved
to th
e fir
st qu
arte
r 201
4/15
by
orga
nizer
s.
7 Bo
ok la
unch
es w
ere
hoste
d.
Varia
nce
was d
ue to
sta
keho
lders
show
ing
grea
ter i
nter
est i
n AI
SA
publi
catio
ns.
-11%
Bud
get v
arian
ce.
Over
exp
endit
ure.
Dire
ctor
Rese
arch
31 M
arch
20
14
2 Parti
ally
achie
ved.
7 Exce
eded
.
3.3.
5 P
ublic
ation
s Di
vision
to A
ttend
bo
ok fa
irs
3.3.
6 Pu
blica
tions
&
Rese
arch
Di
vision
s to
Hos
t bo
ok la
unch
es
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
3 170
3 175
2 254
1 0
1 72
0 44
1 34
0 104
285 507
316 103
-30 596
180
Tota
l Stra
tegi
c Obj
ectiv
e 3.
3
Tota
l for
Stra
tegi
c Obj
ectiv
e 3
30%
Budg
et v
aria
nce
55%
Budg
et v
aria
nce
184
265
262
3 621
3 595
360
434 8
62
1 609
596
188 7
59
1 985
764
7546
3710
7
191THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
AISA
had
60
Staf
f me
mber
s as a
t 31
March
201
4.
60
Exce
eded
1
Achie
ved.
4.1
Attra
ct, m
otiva
te an
d re
tain
suita
ble
and
comp
eten
t em
ploye
es
4. D
evelo
p a
perfo
rman
ce le
d cu
lture
with
in AI
SA
4.1.
1 HR
to E
nsur
e th
at d
ivisio
ns a
re fu
lly ca
pacit
ated
as
per
the
fund
ed
posit
ions V
acan
t po
sition
s are
be
filled
wi
thin
3 mo
nths
of
beco
ming
vac
ant
4.1.
2
HR
to E
nsur
e th
at n
ew
intak
es a
re p
rope
rly
induc
ted
into
the
orga
nizat
ion
58 - 58To
tal
58 1 59
60 1 61
0In
clude
d in
Adm
inist
rativ
e ex
pend
iture
0 0
- -
- -
- --
50 0 50
56 0 56
62 1 63
60 0 60
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
Mana
ger
HR 31 M
arch
20
14
Targ
et m
et in
Q3.
192 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
To b
e ad
dres
sed
afte
r inc
orpo
ratio
n0 No
t Ac
hieve
d.
0 Not
Achie
ved.
2
Achie
ved.
2
Achie
ved.
4.2
Perfo
rman
ce,
rete
ntion
and
su
cces
sion
of em
ploye
es
4.2.
1 HR
to e
nsur
e An
nual
revie
w of
succ
essio
n pla
n
4.2.
2 H
R to
ens
ure
Annu
al re
view
of re
tent
ion st
rate
gy
4.2.
3
All
divi
sions
to
cond
uct 2
For
mal
asse
ssme
nts
4.2.
4 Co
uncil
to
appr
ove
Alloc
ation
of
per
form
ance
inc
entiv
es
1 1 2 1 5To
tal 4
.2
1 1 2 1 5
0 0 2 1 3
1-
--
1 0 0 2
- - 508 207
508 2
07
- - 533 157
533 1
57
- - 24 950
24 95
0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 1
0 0 1 0 1
0 0 1 0 1
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
Mana
ger
HR 31 M
arch
20
14
To b
e ad
dres
sed
afte
r inc
orpo
ratio
n
Targ
et m
et.
Asse
ssme
nts w
ere
cond
ucte
d.
Targ
et m
et.
Appr
oved
in Q
2.5%
Bud
get v
arian
ce
5% B
udge
t var
iance
193THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Varia
nce
was d
ue
to a
dher
ing to
the
Natio
nal T
reas
ury
guide
lines
on
expe
nditu
re a
nd a
numb
er o
f dat
e sh
ifting
du
e to
inco
rpor
ation
me
eting
s.
2
Parti
ally
achie
ved.
1
Achie
ved.
10Ac
hieve
d.
11
Exce
eded
4.3
Impr
ove
emplo
yee
enga
geme
nt
4.3.
1
All
staff
to U
nder
take
Te
am B
uildin
g ex
ercis
e by
obs
ervin
g sig
nifica
nt n
ation
al da
ys
4.3.
2 H
R an
d CA
M to
Con
duct
an
inter
nal e
mploy
ee
enga
geme
nt su
rvey
4.3.
3 HR
and
CAM
to
Hold
Staf
f mee
tings
4.3.
4 Ho
st IM
M me
eting
s
4 1 10 10
4 1 10 10
2 1 10 11
2
142 703
58 933
83 770
0 0 0
- - -
- - -
- - -
0 0 1 1
2 0 2 3
0 1 2 2
0 0 5 5
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
Mana
ger:
CA 31 M
arch
20
14
Targ
et m
et.
Inte
rnal
emplo
yee
enga
geme
nt su
rvey
wa
s con
ducte
d in
Q3.
Targ
et m
et.
Staf
f mee
tings
wer
e he
ld.
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
Varia
nce
due
to u
rgen
t inc
orpo
ratio
n iss
ues
that
nee
ded
to b
e ad
dres
sed.
194 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et m
et.
Skills
gap
s ana
lyses
wa
s con
ducte
d in
Q1.
59%
Budg
et v
aria
nce
Targ
et m
et.
ETDP
-SEP
A W
SP w
as
subm
itted
.
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
Traini
ng co
nduc
ted
for
memb
ers.
1Ac
hieve
d
1Ac
hieve
d
3Ex
ceed
ed.
4.4
Crea
te a
n en
viron
ment
to
impr
ove
the
acad
emic
requ
ireme
nt o
f sta
ff
4.4.
1 HR
to
Unde
rtake
a S
kills
Gaps
ana
lysis
for
indivi
duals
and
div
ision
s
4.4.
2 HR
to
Ensu
re th
at g
aps
are
includ
ed in
th
e pe
rform
ance
de
velop
ment
–pla
n at
tach
ed to
the
PMDS
do
cume
nts
4.4.
3
HR
to E
nsur
e th
at ide
ntifi
ed tr
aining
is
unde
rtake
n an
d an
125TO
TAL
1 1
125 1 1
124 0 3
02 1 0
- -
142,7
03
255 026
58,93
3
320 712
83,77
0
-65 686
12 0 0
07 0 0
05 0 1
010 0 2
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
- -
- -
Mana
ger
HR 31 M
arch
20
14
195THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
26%
Budg
et v
arian
ce.
Defic
it wa
s rec
over
ed
thro
ugh
surp
lus o
n re
sear
ch fi
eldwo
rk bu
dget
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
Rese
arch
ers r
egist
ered
fo
r PhD
and
Mas
ter’s
de
gree
s.
Targ
et m
et.
3rd
party
pay
ment
s we
re co
nduc
ted.
CEO,
Dire
ctors
Rese
arch
, Pu
blica
tions
, CFO
, Ma
nage
rs: C
A,
HR, L
DS31
Mar
chTa
rget
met
.
3rd
Quar
ter S
HC w
as
subm
itted
to D
ST o
n 20
Janu
ary
2014
.
4Ex
ceed
ed.
12Ac
hieve
d.
4Ac
hieve
d
on-th
e job
ass
essm
ent
is do
ne to
ass
ess
ROI a
fter t
he tr
aining
int
erve
ntion
4.4.
4 M
anag
emen
t to
Enc
oura
ge
rese
arch
ers t
o at
tain
Maste
rs an
d Ph
Ds
wher
e ap
prop
riate
5.1.
1
3r
d Pa
rty p
ayme
nts
5.1.
2 S
hare
holde
rs Co
mpac
t
5.1
Ensu
re e
ffecti
ve
corp
orat
e go
vern
ance
Ensu
re th
at all
man
dato
ry re
ports
legis
lative
re
quire
ment
are
5. Im
prov
e th
e co
ntro
l and
go
vern
ance
en
viron
ment
and
co
mplia
nce
to leg
islat
ion
3 12 4
3 12 4
4 12 4
0 0 0
Includ
ed in
emplo
yee r
elated
costs
3 3 1
0 3 1
0 3 1
1 3 1
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
Total
66
110
50
15
320 7
12 -
255 1
34 -
-65 68
6
-
-26%
Budg
et va
rianc
e
196 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et m
et.
APP
subm
itted
to D
ST
in th
e 2n
d qu
arte
r.
Targ
et m
et.
Targ
et m
et.
Wor
k Sk
ills P
lan
Targ
et m
et.
SP su
bmitt
ed to
DST
in
the
2nd
quar
ter.
Targ
et m
et.
Subm
itted
and
table
d in
Parli
amen
t in
Q2.
-11%
Bud
get v
arian
ce.
Addit
ional
page
s and
inc
reas
e in
ing
costs
.
1Ac
hieve
d
2Ac
hieve
d
1Ac
hieve
d
1Ac
hieve
d
1Ac
hieve
d
timeo
usly
subm
itted
to
DST
, Nat
ional
Treas
ury,
Depa
rtmen
t of
Labo
ur, P
arlia
ment
5.1.
3 An
nual
Perfo
rman
ce p
lan
5.1.
4
ENE/
MTEF
5.1.
5 St
rate
gic P
lan
5.1.
6 An
nual
Repo
rt
5.1.
7W
ork
skills
plan
1 2 1 1 1
1 2 1 1 1
1 2 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0
- - - -207 134
- - - -230 211
-23 077- - - -
0 0 0 0 1
1 0 1 1 0
0 1 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
197THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Targ
et m
et.
Cond
ucte
d in
April
2013
.
subm
ited
Targ
et m
et.
Comp
ensa
tion
paid.
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
Coun
cil a
nd C
ommi
ttee
meet
ings w
ere
atte
nded
as p
er sc
hedu
le.0%
Bud
get v
arian
ce
CEO,
Ma
nage
r: CA 31
Mar
ch
2014
-11%
Bud
get v
arian
ce
1Ac
hieve
d
1Ac
hieve
d
5Ex
ceed
ed
4Ac
hieve
d
4Ac
hieve
d
5.1.
8 E
mploy
ment
Equit
y Pla
n
5.1.
9 Co
mpen
satio
n Fu
nd p
ayme
nts
Tota
l
5.2.
1 Co
uncil
mee
tings
5.2
Coun
cil M
eetin
gsHo
ld mi
nimum
nu
mber
of C
ounc
il an
d Co
mmitt
ee
meet
ings a
nnua
lly5.
2.2
HRFI
N
5.2.
3 Re
sear
ch
Comm
ittee
- 1 23 4 4 4
1 1 24 4 4 4
1 1 24 5 4 4
0 0 0 0 0 0
-
207
134
729 597
230
211
726 595
-23
077
3 002
--
0 0 6 2 1 1
0 0 7 1 1 1
0 0 5 1 1 1
1 1 6 1 1 1
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
Inclu
ded
in em
ploye
e re
lated
co
sts
198 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
0% B
udge
t var
iance
Targ
et m
et.
Unqu
alifie
d au
dit
repo
rt ob
tain
in Q2
.
Targ
et m
et.
Audit
Com
mitte
e sa
tisfa
ction
surv
ey w
as
cond
ucte
d in
Q3.
Targ
et m
et.
Meet
ings w
ere
held
with
Aud
it Ch
air.
CFO,
CAE
31 M
arch
20
14
CFO,
CAE
31 M
arch
20
14
5Ac
hieve
d
1
Achie
ved
1
Achie
ved
3
Pa
rtia
lly
achie
ved.
5.2.
4 Au
dit
Comm
ittee
5.3.
1 Ob
tain
unqu
alifie
d au
dit
repo
rt an
d re
duce
ne
gativ
e fin
dings
5.3.
2.1
Audit
Com
mitte
e sa
tisfa
ction
surv
eys
5.3.
2.2
A mi
nimum
num
ber
of p
rivat
e me
eting
s he
ld
5.3.
1 Ac
hieve
fin
ancia
l ma
nage
ment
exce
llenc
e
5.3.
2 In
tern
al Au
dit
Tota
l
5 1 1 417
5 1 1 471
5 1 1 318
0 0 0 0 0
729
597
- - -
726
595
- - -
3 00
2 - - -
2 0 0 16
1 1 0 14
1 0 1 14
1 0 0 04
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
199THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
4
Achie
ved
1
Achie
ved
with
the
Chair
of
Audit
Com
mitte
e an
d Ch
ief A
udit
Exec
utive
Targ
et m
et.
Audit
Com
mitte
e Ex
ecut
ive su
mmar
y su
bmitt
ed to
Aud
it Co
mmitt
ee.
Targ
et m
et
Defic
iencie
s co
rrecte
d.
CFO,
CAE
31 M
arch
20
14
5.3.
2.3
Prep
are
and
issue
qu
arte
rly In
tern
al au
dit re
ports
to A
udit
Comm
ittee
.
5.3.
3.1
Liaise
with
and
co
rrect
all co
ntro
l en
viron
ment
al de
ficien
cies i
dent
ified
by
the
audit
ors
5.3.
3 Au
dit fi
nding
s
Tota
l
4 1-- -
-- -
-- --
10
4 110
4 110
0 00
1 02
1 03
1 03
1 12
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
200 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
1
Achie
ved
2
Pa
rtia
lly
Achie
ved.
5.3.
4.1
Asse
ss an
d mi
tigat
e th
e im
pact
of th
e to
p ris
ks a
cross
AIS
A on
a
quar
terly
bas
is;
Risk
Reg
ister
5.3.
4 Ri
sk
mana
geme
nt
Targ
et m
et in
Q1.
Risk
ass
essm
ents
repo
rts w
ere
subm
itted
to A
udit
Comm
ittee
.
CFO,
CAE
31 M
arch
20
14
5.3.
4.2
Dev
elop
risk
appe
tite
to ad
dres
s cha
lleng
es
ident
ified
in th
e ris
k re
giste
r to
limit
expo
sure
s. R
eview
ris
k ap
petit
e an
d sta
teme
nt a
t lea
st on
ce p
er a
nnum
.
Tota
l
14
-- -
-- -
-- -5
14 5
12 3
02 2
11 2
00 0
00 0
01 1
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
201THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
2
Pa
rtia
lly
Achie
ved.
6
Exce
eded
.
5.3.
5.1
Pr
ovide
re
levan
t inf
orma
tion
tech
nolog
y su
ppor
t an
d as
sess
AIS
A’s
curre
nt IC
T pro
file
again
st pr
ojecte
d re
quire
ment
s to
ena
ble A
ISA
to d
evelo
p an
d im
pleme
nt a
n IC
T inf
rastr
uctu
re p
lan.
5.3.
5.2
Hold
a nu
mber
of r
egula
r IT
Comm
ittee
mee
tings
an
d su
bmit
quar
terly
re
ports
.
5.3.
5 Ma
intain
an
d Im
prov
e IT
Infra
struc
ture
Targ
et m
et in
Q1.
Targ
et e
xcee
ded.
Varia
nce
was d
ue
to IC
T cha
lleng
es
that
nee
ded
to b
e ad
dres
sed.
CFO,
CAE
31 M
arch
20
14
1 4
Inclu
ded
in ru
nning
ex
pend
iture
1 4
1 6-
0 0-
1 4
0 2
0 0
0 0-
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
202 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Tota
l
Admi
nistra
tive
Expe
nditu
re
Runn
ing E
xpen
ditur
e
Emplo
yee
Relat
ed C
osts
-383
%
Audit
Fee
s and
lega
l fee
s
-165
%
Reva
luatio
n an
d dis
posa
l of a
sset
s due
to in
corp
orat
ion
9%
Unde
rutil
izatio
n is
as a
resu
lt of
vac
ancie
s and
froz
en p
osts
55
7-
0-
52
00
- 753 660 8 769 798 19 963 827
2 890 272 8 919 464 18 232 524
-2 136 612 -149 666 1 731 303
Stra
tegi
c Ob
jecti
ves
Perfo
rman
ce
Indi
cato
rAc
tivity
Budg
et
YT
D
Actua
l
YTD
Budg
et
Varia
nce
YT
D
RR
RVa
rianc
es
Comm
ents
Baseline (Prior Year)
Annual Target
Q1 Actual Output
Q2 Actual Output
Q3 Actual Output
Q4 Actual Output
Annual Actual Output
Outstanding Output:Current year
Respo
nsibil
ity/
Targe
t date
Finan
ceSta
tus as
at
31 M
arch
2014
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
APPENDICES
206 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
APP
END
IX A
20
13
-20
14
PU
BLIS
HED
JO
URN
AL
ART
ICLE
S, M
ON
OG
RAPH
S A
ND
OC
CA
SIO
NA
L PA
PERS
AN
D I
NV
ITED
LEC
TURE
PA
PERS
A
ccre
dit
ed
by
Aut
hor
(s)
Title
Ty
pe
Ach
u, C
.
Re-Im
agin
g Et
hnic
ity: R
evis
iting
the
Polit
ics
in th
e G
reat
Lak
es R
egio
n of
Afri
ca- V
olum
e 43
, Iss
ue 3
of D
ecem
ber
2013
, Pub
lishe
d in
Afr
ica
Insig
ht.
Jour
nal a
rticl
e
IBSS
Two
deca
des
of m
itiga
ting
re-r
epre
sent
atio
n: A
n an
alys
is o
f pos
t-con
flict
rec
onstr
uctio
n in
Rw
anda
and
Sou
th A
frica
. Acc
epte
d fo
r pu
blic
atio
ns in
the
Indi
an J
ourn
al o
f Afr
ican
St
udie
s, M
arch
201
4 Jo
urna
l arti
cle
IB
SS
Gum
bo, T
.
On
the
edge
of m
alfe
asan
ce: I
nfor
mal
Afri
can
imm
igra
nt tr
ader
s in
the
Joha
nnes
burg
inne
r ci
ty. A
ccep
ted
for
publ
icat
ion
in S
ocio
logy
Stu
dy (I
SSN
215
9-55
26, U
SA),
Mar
ch 2
014.
Jo
urna
l arti
cle
Scal
ing-
Up
Susta
inab
le R
enew
able
Ene
rgy
Gen
erat
ion
from
Mun
icip
al S
olid
Was
te in
the
Afri
can
Con
tinen
t: Le
sson
s fro
m e
Thek
win
i, So
uth
Afri
ca. A
ccep
ted
for
publ
icat
ions
C
onsi
lienc
e: T
he J
ourn
al o
f Sus
tain
able
Dev
elop
men
t, M
arch
201
4.
Jour
nal a
rticl
e
Mak
getla
neng
, S.
Sout
h A
frica
’s C
ontri
butio
n to
Sou
ther
n A
frica
n Re
gion
al In
tegr
atio
n: F
arew
ell t
o Ill
usio
ns o
n So
uthe
rn A
frica
n C
usto
ms
Uni
on p
ublis
hed
in A
fric
an R
enai
ssan
ce, V
ol. 1
0, Is
sue
2,
Sept
embe
r 20
13.
Jour
nal a
rticl
e
Sout
hern
Afri
can
Regi
onal
Inte
grat
ion:
Bes
t and
Effe
ctiv
e th
roug
h So
uthe
rn A
frica
n C
usto
ms
Uni
on o
r So
uthe
rn A
frica
n D
evel
opm
ent C
omm
unity
?” p
ublis
hed
in A
sia
and
Afr
ica
Toda
y,
No.
10,
Nov
embe
r 20
13.
Jour
nal a
rticl
e
IBSS
Doe
s So
uth
Afri
ca s
till n
eed
the
Sout
hern
Afri
can
Cus
tom
s U
nion
in th
e ad
vanc
emen
t of i
ts lo
ng-te
rm s
trate
gic
inte
rests
in S
outh
ern
Afri
ca a
nd A
frica
?” P
ublis
hed
in A
fric
a In
sight
, Vol
. Jo
urna
l arti
cle
D
HET
/ IB
SS
207THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
43, N
o. 2
, Sep
tem
ber
2013
.
Apr
il, Y
.
Enha
ncin
g Lo
cal G
over
nanc
e C
apac
ity fo
r In
dustr
ial D
evel
opm
ent:
In th
e ca
se o
f the
Eas
tern
C
ape.
Acc
epte
d fo
r pu
blic
atio
n by
Jou
rnal
of P
ublic
Adm
inist
ratio
n, J
an 2
014.
Jo
urna
l arti
cle
IB
SS/
ISI
A C
ompa
rativ
e A
naly
sis
of L
ocal
Gov
erna
nce
betw
een
Sout
h A
frica
and
Chi
na, A
ccep
ted
for
publ
icat
ions
in th
e A
fric
a In
sight
Jou
rnal
, Mar
ch 2
014.
Jo
urna
l arti
cle
DH
ET/
IBSS
Fors
ter-
Tow
ne, C
.
Whi
te h
obby
/ bl
ack
oppo
rtuni
ty: P
erce
ptio
ns a
nd m
otiv
atio
ns o
f pol
ice
rese
rvis
ts in
Jo
hann
esbu
rg, p
ublis
hed
in S
outh
Afr
ican
Crim
e Q
uart
erly
No.
46
Dec
201
3.
Jour
nal a
rticl
e D
HET
Labo
ur, i
nequ
ality
and
cal
ls fo
r re
pres
enta
tive
polic
e. P
ublis
hed
in N
ordi
c A
frica
Insti
tute
, Ja
nuar
y 20
14.
Occ
asio
nal P
aper
Map
hosa
, S.
Peac
ebui
ldin
g in
the
Mid
st of
Vio
lenc
e: A
Sys
tem
ic A
ppro
ach
to B
uild
ing
Peac
e in
the
Easte
rn
Dem
ocra
tic R
epub
lic o
f the
Con
go. P
ublis
hed
in A
fric
a In
sight
, Vol
. 3 S
epte
mbe
r 20
13.
Jour
nal a
rticl
e
DH
ET/
IBSS
Kagg
wa,
M.
Mut
anga
, S.
Sim
elan
e, T
.
Sout
h A
frica
’s G
reen
Eco
nom
y Tr
ansi
tion:
Impl
icat
ions
for
Reor
ient
ing
the
Econ
omy
Tow
ards
a
Low
-Car
bon
Gro
wth
Tra
ject
ory,
Pub
lishe
d by
the
Sout
h A
fric
an In
stitu
te o
f Int
erna
tiona
l A
ffairs
, Dec
embe
r 20
13.
Occ
asio
nal P
aper
Sim
elan
e, T
.
Mag
nify
ing
driv
ers
of c
ity tr
ansf
orm
atio
n th
roug
h sy
stem
dyn
amic
s m
odel
s. P
ublis
hed
in
Adv
ance
d M
ater
ials
Res
earc
h V
olum
es 7
79-7
80, S
epte
mbe
r 20
13.
Jour
nal a
rticl
e IS
I
The
Inno
vatio
n La
ndsc
ape
of S
outh
Afri
ca u
nder
New
Inte
llect
ual P
rope
rty M
anag
emen
t Pol
icy,
Pu
blis
hed
in S
A In
nova
tion
Sum
mit
Jour
nal o
n Re
sear
ch, S
cien
ce, T
echn
olog
y an
d In
nova
tion
1(1)
:40-
45. A
ugus
t 201
3.
Jour
nal a
rticl
e
208 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Van
Der
Mer
we,
C.
Dig
ital C
omm
unic
atio
n, D
emoc
racy
and
Act
ive
Citi
zen
Enga
gem
ent i
n So
uth
Afri
ca. P
ublis
hed
in A
fric
a In
sight
Vol
ume
43 (3
), D
ecem
ber
2013
. Jo
urna
l arti
cle
DH
ET/
IBSS
The
poss
ible
rel
atio
n be
twee
n bi
ofue
ls, a
gric
ultu
re a
nd th
e de
man
d fo
r fo
od in
Sou
th A
frica
n ci
ties,
acc
epte
d fo
r pu
blic
atio
n O
ctob
er 2
013
as R
esea
rch
Not
e in
the
Afr
ican
Jou
rnal
of
Scie
nce,
Tec
hnol
ogy,
Inno
vatio
n an
d D
evel
opm
ent (
AJS
TID
). Jo
urna
l arti
cle
DH
ET
Knox
, S.
Peac
ebui
ldin
g em
bodi
ed; b
eyon
d co
mpl
icity
in s
ubju
gatio
n th
roug
h co
nsid
erat
ion
of a
ffect
ive
com
plex
ities
and
cor
pore
ality
. Acc
epte
d fo
r pu
blic
atio
n in
the
Afr
ican
Ren
aiss
ance
, Vol
ume
11, N
o. 1
, 201
4.
Jour
nal a
rticl
e
Sekh
ejan
e, P
, H
oure
ld N
N,
Abr
aham
se H
.
Mul
ti-O
rgan
elle
Loc
aliz
atio
n of
Met
alla
ted
Phth
aloc
yani
ne P
hoto
sens
itize
r in
Col
orec
tal C
ance
r C
ells
(DLD
-1 a
nd C
aCo-
2) E
nhan
ces
Effic
acy
of P
hoto
dyna
mic
The
rapy
, Pub
lishe
d in
the
Jour
nal o
f Pho
to-e
nerg
y, M
arch
201
4.
Jour
nal a
rticl
e
ISI
Leka
ba, F
. U
NSC
Ref
orm
and
the
Dile
mm
as o
f Afri
can
Con
tinen
tal I
nteg
ratio
n, A
ccep
ted
for
Publ
icat
ion
in A
fric
a Se
curit
y Re
view
. V
olum
e 23
, No
4. N
ovem
ber
2013
. Jo
urna
l arti
cle
DH
ET
Mut
anga
S, M
wiru
ki
B, R
amoe
lo A
Fl
ood
haza
rd m
appi
ng a
nd m
onito
ring
for
disa
ster
risk
redu
ctio
n in
Tan
zani
a us
ing
geos
patia
l te
chni
ques
. Acc
epte
d fo
r pu
blic
atio
n in
Afr
ica
Insig
ht V
olum
e 43
(4),
Mar
ch 2
014.
Jo
urna
l arti
cle
DH
ET/I
BSS
Mba
dlan
yana
, T
The
Polit
ical
eco
nom
y of
Car
bon
Tax
In S
outh
Afri
ca: A
Crit
ical
Ana
lysi
s. P
ublis
hed
in A
frica
In
sigh
t Vol
ume
43, N
o 1,
Jun
e 20
13.
Jour
nal A
rticl
e D
HET
/ IB
SS
Thab
ani M
dlon
gwa
The
Afri
can
Rena
issa
nce
a ke
y co
mpo
nent
in c
eleb
ratin
g 50
yea
rs o
f the
Afri
can
unio
n (A
U).
Publ
ishe
d in
The
Fra
nk ta
lk J
ourn
al V
ol 6
, Jul
y 20
13: A
frica
and
the
glitt
erin
g pr
ize.
Ste
ve
Biko
Fou
ndat
ion,
Bra
amfo
ntei
n Jo
urna
l Arti
cle
Xoya
ne, A
G
over
nmen
t Pol
icie
s th
at p
rom
ote
qual
ity o
f edu
catio
n in
six
SA
DC
cou
ntrie
s (B
otsw
ana,
Le
soth
o, N
amib
ia, S
outh
Afri
ca, Z
ambi
a an
d Zi
mba
bwe,
acc
epte
d fo
r Pu
blic
atio
ns in
Afr
ican
Jo
urna
l of S
cien
ce, T
echn
olog
y, In
nova
tion
and
Dev
elop
men
t, M
arch
201
4.
Jour
nal A
rticl
e D
HET
209THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
20
13
-20
14
PU
BLIS
HED
BO
OK
CH
APT
ERS
Mak
getla
neng
, S
The
Stat
e, P
oliti
cs a
nd th
e D
emoc
ratic
Con
solid
atio
n of
Afri
ca
Cha
pter
in A
frica
n Pe
rspe
ctiv
e on
G
loba
lisat
ion
and
Inte
rnat
iona
l Re
latio
ns
Ind
igen
ous
Peop
le’s
Rig
hts
Edit
ed b
y R
idw
an
Lahe
r a
nd K
orir
Sin
g’O
ei 2
01
4
Ridw
an L
aher
and
Ko
rir S
ing’
Oei
In
trodu
ctio
n
Cha
pter
in In
dige
nous
Peo
ple’
s Ri
ghts.
Edi
ted
by R
idw
an L
aher
an
d Ko
rir S
ing’
Oei
Cyn
thia
Mor
el
Indi
geno
us p
eopl
es a
s eq
uals
unde
r th
e A
frica
n C
harte
r: T
he E
ndor
ois
Com
mun
ity v
ersu
s Ke
nya
Cha
pter
in In
dige
nous
Peo
ple’
s Ri
ghts.
Edi
ted
by R
idw
an L
aher
an
d Ko
rir S
ing’
Oei
Felix
Nda
hind
a H
isto
rical
dev
elop
men
t of i
ndig
enou
s id
entif
icat
ion
and
right
s in
Afri
ca
Cha
pter
in In
dige
nous
Peo
ple’
s Ri
ghts.
Edi
ted
by R
idw
an L
aher
an
d Ko
rir S
ing’
Oei
Mel
akou
Teg
egn
The
Impa
ct o
f Dom
inan
t Env
ironm
ent P
olic
ies
on In
dige
nous
Peo
ples
in A
frica
C
hapt
er in
Indi
geno
us P
eopl
e’s
Righ
ts. E
dite
d by
Rid
wan
Lah
er
and
Korir
Sin
g’O
ei
Soya
ta M
aiga
G
ende
r an
d in
dige
nous
peo
ples
’ rig
hts
Cha
pter
in In
dige
nous
Peo
ple’
s Ri
ghts.
Edi
ted
by R
idw
an L
aher
an
d Ko
rir S
ing’
Oei
Paul
Gol
dsm
ith
Con
stitu
tiona
l ref
orm
and
min
ority
exc
lusi
on: T
he c
ase
of th
e Ba
juni
and
Lam
u co
unty
C
hapt
er in
Indi
geno
us P
eopl
e’s
Righ
ts. E
dite
d by
Rid
wan
Lah
er
and
Korir
Sin
g’O
ei
Geo
rge
Muk
undi
W
achi
ra a
nd T
uuli
Karja
la
Adv
ocac
y fo
r in
dige
nous
peo
ples
’ rig
hts
in A
frica
: Dyn
amic
s, m
etho
ds a
nd m
echa
nism
s C
hapt
er in
Indi
geno
us P
eopl
e’s
Righ
ts. E
dite
d by
Rid
wan
Lah
er
and
Korir
Sin
g’O
ei
210 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Laur
a A
. You
ng
A c
halle
ngin
g ne
xus:
Tra
nsiti
onal
justi
ce a
nd in
dige
nous
peo
ples
in A
frica
C
hapt
er in
Indi
geno
us P
eopl
e’s
Righ
ts. E
dite
d by
Rid
wan
Lah
er
and
Korir
Sin
g’O
ei
Ridw
an L
aher
Th
e pa
st is
nev
er ju
st in
the
past:
Indi
geno
us p
eopl
es a
nd a
fram
ewor
k fo
r co
nfro
ntat
ion
and
redr
ess
Cha
pter
in In
dige
nous
Peo
ple’
s Ri
ghts.
Edi
ted
by R
idw
an L
aher
an
d Ko
rir S
ing’
Oei
Ridw
an L
aher
and
Ko
rir S
ing’
Oei
C
oncl
usio
n C
hapt
er in
Indi
geno
us P
eopl
e’s
Righ
ts. E
dite
d by
Rid
wan
Lah
er
and
Korir
Sin
g’O
ei
Soci
al
Con
tra
ct i
n A
fric
a E
dit
ed b
y O
lusa
nya
Osh
a 2
01
4
Sany
a O
sha
Intro
duct
ion
Cha
pter
in S
ocia
l Con
tract
in
Afri
ca O
lusa
nya.
Edi
ted
by S
anya
O
sha
Toyi
n Fa
lola
Tr
ansn
atio
nalis
atio
n, e
natio
naliz
atio
n an
d de
terr
itoria
lisat
ion:
Con
tem
pora
ry c
ultu
res
in th
e co
ntex
t of g
loba
lisat
ion
Cha
pter
in S
ocia
l Con
tract
in
Afri
ca O
lusa
nya.
Edi
ted
by S
anya
O
sha
Seth
N A
sum
ah
Afri
can
rela
tiona
l dem
ocra
cy: R
efra
min
g di
vers
ity, e
cono
mic
dev
elop
men
t and
soc
iety
-cen
tere
d go
vern
ance
for
the
twen
ty-fi
rst c
entu
ry
Cha
pter
in S
ocia
l Con
tract
in
Afri
ca O
lusa
nya.
Edi
ted
by S
anya
O
sha
Stev
e M
cGiff
en
Euro
pean
‘dem
ocra
cy p
rom
otio
n’:
Dyn
amic
ver
sus
pass
ive
revo
lutio
n in
the
Ara
b Sp
ring
C
hapt
er in
Soc
ial C
ontra
ct in
A
frica
Olu
sany
a. E
dite
d by
San
ya
Osh
a
Tsel
iso
Thip
anya
ne
Ara
b Sp
ring:
Impl
icat
ions
for
Sout
h A
frica
and
Sw
azila
nd
Cha
pter
in S
ocia
l Con
tract
in
Afri
ca O
lusa
nya.
Edi
ted
by S
anya
O
sha
211THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Nig
el C
Gib
son
No
long
er w
ith th
e bo
urge
oisi
e: F
anon
ian
cons
ider
atio
ns o
n so
cial
mov
emen
ts an
d fo
rms
of
orga
nisa
tion
Cha
pter
in S
ocia
l Con
tract
in
Afri
ca O
lusa
nya.
Edi
ted
by S
anya
O
sha
Sabe
lo J
Ndl
ovu-
Gat
shen
i W
hat i
s be
yond
dis
cour
ses
of a
lterit
y? R
efle
ctio
ns o
n th
e co
nstit
utio
n of
the
pres
ent a
nd
cons
truct
ion
of A
frica
n su
bjec
tivity
Cha
pter
in S
ocia
l Con
tract
in
Afri
ca O
lusa
nya.
Edi
ted
by S
anya
O
sha
Sule
E E
gya
Lite
ratu
re a
s po
litic
al c
ritiq
ue in
Nig
eria
: Mob
ilisa
tion,
dia
logu
e an
d in
dict
men
t C
hapt
er in
Soc
ial C
ontra
ct in
A
frica
Olu
sany
a. E
dite
d by
San
ya
Osh
a
Uyi
law
a U
suan
lele
an
d V
icto
r O
saro
Ed
o
Vio
lent
eth
no-c
omm
unal
con
flict
s as
a le
gacy
of i
ndire
ct r
ule
in A
frica
: Und
ersta
ndin
g th
e Je
sse-
Urh
obo-
Beni
n-Ed
o la
nd c
onfli
cts
of 1
998
Cha
pter
in S
ocia
l Con
tract
in
Afri
ca O
lusa
nya.
Edi
ted
by S
anya
O
sha
Sany
a O
sha
Trag
edy,
Los
s, F
inal
ity
Cha
pter
in S
ocia
l Con
tract
in
Afri
ca O
lusa
nya.
Edi
ted
by S
anya
O
sha
Sany
a O
sha
Con
clus
ion
Cha
pter
in S
ocia
l Con
tract
in
Afri
ca O
lusa
nya.
Edi
ted
by S
anya
O
sha
The
Afr
ica
n U
nion
Ten
Yea
rs A
fter
: So
lvin
g A
fric
an
pro
ble
ms
wit
h Pa
n-A
fric
ani
sm a
nd t
he A
fric
an
Rena
issa
nce
Edit
ed b
y M
am
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndil
e Lu
khel
e-O
loru
nju
& O
ghe
nero
bor
Akp
or 2
01
3
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Ph
indi
le L
ukhe
le-
Olo
runj
u &
O
ghen
erob
or A
kpor
Intro
duct
ion
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Rotim
i Aja
yi a
nd
Segu
n O
shew
olo
Gad
hafi
and
the
Afri
can
Uni
on: T
he E
nd o
f an
Era?
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
212 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Baba
Am
ani
Olu
banj
o Bu
ntu
Know
Thy
Sel
f; A
frica
n U
nion
and
the
Nee
d fo
r A
frica
n-C
entre
d Ed
ucat
ion
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
John
Gas
u Th
e A
frica
n U
nion
and
the
Dem
ocra
tic P
roje
ct: E
xam
inin
g th
e C
halle
nges
for
Task
A
ccom
plis
hmen
t
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Leep
o M
odis
e Th
e Im
pact
of M
odel
‘C’ S
choo
ling
on A
frica
nisa
tion
of P
oten
tial A
frica
n In
telle
ctua
ls
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Trev
or B
udhr
am
Elite
Cor
rupt
ion
and
the
Impa
ct o
n A
frica
n Ec
onom
ic G
row
th a
nd H
uman
Wel
lbei
ng
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Ade
laja
Odu
koya
C
orru
ptio
n an
d Po
verty
in A
frica
: Int
erro
gatin
g th
e Pr
oble
mat
ic o
f Ref
orm
with
out D
evel
opm
ent
in N
iger
ia
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Aze
ez O
lani
yan
Pane
l of t
he W
ise
and
the
Futu
re o
f Con
flict
Res
olut
ion
in A
frica
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Mph
o M
Mat
lala
and
In
grid
Sin
clai
r
Mas
hope
ng G
o a
Boel
wa:
Rev
isiti
ng O
ur P
ast a
s Im
pera
tive
to H
uman
isin
g La
w E
nfor
cem
ent i
n So
uth
Afri
ca
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Val
ery
Ferim
A
frica
n So
lutio
ns to
Afri
can
Prob
lem
s: T
he F
ault
line
in C
onfli
ct R
esol
utio
n in
Afri
ca.
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
213THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
M
uchi
e, P
hind
ile L
ukhe
le-O
loru
nju
& O
ghen
erob
or A
kpor
Wilf
red
Iyek
olo
A R
etur
n of
Hos
tiliti
es?
The
Com
preh
ensi
ve P
eace
Agr
eem
ent a
nd th
e Fu
ture
of a
Tw
o-St
ate
Suda
n
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Hai
lem
icha
el T
. D
emis
sie
and
Mam
mo
Muc
hie
Afri
ca a
nd th
e Im
pend
ing
Nan
o-di
vide
: A
n O
verv
iew
on
Tem
pora
l and
Nor
mat
ive
Pers
pect
ives
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Phin
dile
Luk
hele
-O
loru
nju
Exam
inin
g th
e Ro
le o
f Wom
en in
Alle
viat
ing
Pove
rty
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Shin
girir
ai M
utan
ga
Rene
wab
le E
nerg
y an
d D
evel
opm
ent i
n A
frica
. Ref
lect
ions
on
the
role
of t
he A
frica
n U
nion
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Poph
iwa
Ned
son
Afri
can
Uni
on’s
Pos
ition
on
Org
anic
Agr
icul
ture
: Wha
t Are
the
Bene
fits
of G
over
nanc
e at
C
ontin
enta
l Lev
el?
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Ogh
ener
obor
B.
Akp
or, M
axw
ell K
. Bo
akye
and
Mam
mo
Muc
hie
Afri
ca a
nd th
e M
DG
on
Impr
oved
Drin
king
Wat
er S
uppl
y an
d Sa
nita
tion:
Cas
e of
Nig
eria
and
G
hana
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
214 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Taka
lani
Sam
uel
Mas
hau
and
Nom
usa
Raph
esu
Are
Min
eral
Res
ourc
es in
Afri
ca E
nric
hing
Afri
cans
? : T
radi
ng w
ith th
e W
orld
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Ale
xis
Hab
iyar
emye
N
atur
al R
esou
rces
for
Afri
can
Dev
elop
men
t und
er S
ino-
Am
eric
an G
eostr
ateg
ic R
ival
ry
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Mar
tin K
aggw
a Fi
nanc
ing
EU’s
Eco
nom
ic P
artn
ersh
ip A
gree
men
ts in
Afri
ca: I
mpl
icat
ions
of a
ltern
ativ
e fu
ndin
g in
itiat
ives
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Elia
kim
Ow
ino
and
Geo
rge
Cha
cha
A ‘W
anna
be A
ttitu
de’ –
Afri
ca’s
New
Hur
dle
to it
s’ T
rans
form
atio
n an
d A
chie
ving
the
MD
Gs
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Kasa
y Se
ntim
e Pa
n-A
frica
n U
nity
a P
re-R
equi
site
for
Pro-
Act
ive
Resp
onse
to C
limat
e C
hang
e
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Kim
ani S
. K. N
ehus
i H
uman
ity a
nd th
e En
viro
nmen
t in
Afri
ca: E
nviro
nmen
talis
m b
efor
e th
e En
viro
nmen
talis
ts
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Sabe
lo J
. Ndl
ovu-
Gat
shen
i D
ecol
onia
l Epi
stem
ic P
ersp
ectiv
e an
d Pa
n-A
frica
n U
nity
in th
e 21
st Cen
tury
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Tend
ayi S
ithol
e Fa
noni
an T
houg
ht a
nd Im
plic
atio
ns fo
r pa
n-A
frica
n U
nity
C
hapt
er in
the
Afri
can
Uni
on T
en
Year
s A
fter.
Edi
ted
by M
amm
o
215THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Dav
id L
. Hor
ne
21st C
entu
ry P
an A
frica
nism
: Leg
itim
izin
g th
e A
frica
n D
iasp
ora
6th R
egio
n.
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Hun
ter
Hav
lin
Ada
ms,
III
Refra
min
g Tr
ans-
Atla
ntic
Sla
very
as
Hum
anic
ide:
Res
olvi
ng H
idde
n W
ound
s an
d Pr
iorit
izin
g a
New
Vis
ion
of A
frica
n H
uman
ity
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Osc
ar B
rath
wai
te
Brea
king
the
Cyc
le o
f Col
onia
lism
and
Dep
ende
ncy
in A
frica
: The
Rol
e of
the
Afri
can
Dia
spor
a
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Alm
az N
egas
h M
akin
g a
Cas
e fo
r th
e U
tilis
atio
n of
Afri
can
Dia
spor
a in
Pro
mot
ing
Econ
omic
Dev
elop
men
t of
the
Con
tinen
t
C
hapt
er in
the
Afri
can
Uni
on T
en
Year
s A
fter.
Edi
ted
by M
amm
o M
uchi
e, P
hind
ile L
ukhe
le-O
loru
nju
& O
ghen
erob
or A
kpor
Car
olin
e M
arks
M
adon
go
Beyo
nd S
elf-a
ctua
lisat
ion:
Issu
es a
nd C
halle
nges
Exp
erie
nced
by
Youn
g A
frica
ns S
eeki
ng
Asy
lum
in L
ondo
n an
d Bu
ildin
g Re
silie
ncy
for
a w
ay fo
rwar
d
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Ph
indi
le L
ukhe
le-
Olo
runj
u &
O
ghen
erob
or A
kpor
Con
clus
ion
– Be
yond
Sta
te A
nd G
eogr
aphy
Cha
pter
in th
e A
frica
n U
nion
Ten
Ye
ars
Afte
r. E
dite
d by
Mam
mo
Muc
hie,
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u &
Ogh
ener
obor
Akp
or
216 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
20
13
-20
14
SU
BMIT
TED
JO
URN
AL
ART
ICLE
S &
BO
OK
CH
APT
ERS
Aut
hor(
s)
Title
Ty
pe
Pub
lica
tion
Sta
tus
Mut
anga
, S.
The
Futu
re o
f Reg
iona
l Ene
rgy
Mix
: An
anal
ysis
of e
ffect
ive
ener
gy
mix
pot
entia
l for
Mau
ritiu
s.
Jour
nal a
rticl
e Su
bmitt
ed to
the
Jour
nal o
f Re
gion
al E
nerg
y, J
anua
ry 2
014.
An
anal
ysis
of e
ffect
ive
ener
gy m
ix fo
r de
velo
ping
eco
nom
ies,
The
C
ase
of M
aurit
ius.
Jo
urna
l arti
cle
Subm
itted
to J
ourn
al o
f Reg
iona
l En
ergy
, Jan
uary
201
4.
Gum
bo, T
.
Intro
duci
ng th
e D
iffer
entia
l Com
plex
ity M
odel
of I
n fo
rmal
isat
ion
(DC
MI)
of P
ost-C
olon
ial A
frica
n C
ities
. Jo
urna
l arti
cle
Subm
itted
to A
JSTI
D.
Inno
vatio
ns in
low
cos
t hou
sing
pro
visi
on a
ppro
ache
s fo
r th
e ur
ban
poor
in le
ss d
evel
oped
cou
ntrie
s: le
sson
s fro
m s
ites
with
out
serv
ices
sch
emes
in Z
imba
bwe
Jour
nal A
rticl
e Su
bmitt
ed to
Bui
lt an
d H
uman
En
viro
nmen
t Rev
iew
Fors
ter-
Tow
ne, C
. Th
e un
iform
fetis
h: S
outh
Afri
can
polic
e re
serv
ists
and
the
poss
ibili
ty o
f cha
nges
to th
e un
iform
. Jo
urna
l arti
cle
To b
e re
-sub
mitt
ed in
Pol
icin
g an
d So
ciet
y Jo
urna
l bef
ore
Aug
ust
2014
.
Lwab
ukun
a, O
. H
ow G
hana
topp
ed S
SA r
esou
rce
gove
rnan
ce in
dex
2013
: Leg
al,
gove
rnan
ce a
nd b
usin
ess
less
ons
for
Afri
ca’
Jour
nal a
rticl
e Su
bmitt
ed to
Inte
rnat
iona
l Hum
an
Righ
ts Jo
urna
l Oct
ober
201
3.
Van
der
Mer
we,
C
An
expl
orat
ory
study
of f
ood
reta
il, p
urch
asin
g an
d co
nsum
ptio
n in
Dur
ban,
Joh
anne
sbur
g an
d Pr
etor
ia
Jour
nal a
rticl
e Sb
mitt
ed to
Act
a A
cade
mia
, 28
Febr
uary
201
4
Bial
osto
cka,
O.
Libe
ratio
n H
erita
ge R
oute
: usi
ng th
e pa
st to
bui
ld th
e fu
ture
Jo
urna
l arti
cle
Subm
itted
for
publ
icat
ion
cons
ider
atio
n in
His
toria
Jou
rnal
, Ja
nuar
y 20
14.
Lukh
ele-
Olo
runj
u,
P, M
utan
ga, S
, M
apho
sa, S
An
over
view
of t
he s
tate
of s
cien
ce, t
echn
olog
y an
d in
nova
tion
(STI
) in
Afri
ca.
Jour
nal a
rticl
e Su
bmitt
ed to
Afri
ca In
sigh
t, M
arch
20
14
Ach
u, C
. &
Leka
ba, F
. St
ate
Secu
rity
and
Tran
s-bo
rder
eth
nic
pola
rity
in th
e G
reat
Lak
es
regi
on o
f Afri
ca:
The
DRC
/Rw
anda
imbr
oglio
Bo
ok C
hapt
er
Subm
itted
at R
hode
s U
nive
rsity
, A
ugus
t 201
3.
217THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
APP
END
IX B
20
13
-20
14
PU
BLIS
HED
PO
LIC
Y B
RIEF
S
Aut
hor
(s)
Title
Pras
ad, T
. C
oppe
r M
inin
g A
nd E
nviro
nmen
tal C
halle
nges
In Z
ambi
a, T
he T
hink
er, V
ol 5
9, J
anua
ry 2
014.
Fors
ter-
Tow
ne, C
Fa
ilure
to ta
p in
to th
e se
rvic
e po
tent
ial o
f Sou
th A
frica
n Po
lice
rese
rvis
ts, P
olic
y br
ief N
o 97
, Pub
lishe
d at
AIS
A O
ctob
er 2
013.
Apr
il, Y
.
Why
Afri
ca N
eeds
the
BRIC
S D
evel
opm
ent B
ank
Ver
sus
the
Inte
rnat
iona
l Mon
etar
y Fu
nd a
nd th
e W
orld
Ban
k. P
ublis
hed
in th
e Th
inke
rTh
e Th
inke
r, V
olum
e 37
, Jul
y 20
13.
SA s
houl
d ta
ke e
duca
tiona
l lea
f fro
m B
razi
l Pub
lishe
d in
Pol
ity.o
rg A
ugus
t 28,
201
3 w
ww
.pol
ity.o
rg.z
a.
Sout
h A
frica
Chi
na D
iplo
mat
ic R
elat
ions
and
thei
r Im
pact
on
the
Glo
bal P
latfo
rm, P
ublis
hed
in th
e Th
inke
r: V
olum
e 54
, Aug
ust 2
013.
Ach
u, C
.
Impe
dim
ents
to d
evel
opm
ent a
nd in
tegr
atio
n in
cen
tral A
frica
sub
-re
gion
: som
e re
flect
ions
. Bo
ok C
hapt
er
Subm
itted
at A
ISA
, Jun
e 20
13
Inte
grat
ion
in th
e C
entra
l Afri
can
Sub
regi
on: T
he R
ole
of C
ivil
Soci
ety
in th
e C
onso
lidat
ion
and
Insti
tutio
nalis
atio
n of
Par
ticip
ator
y D
emoc
racy
Bo
ok C
hapt
er
Subm
itted
at G
erm
any
Uni
vers
ity,
Aug
ust 2
013.
Mak
getla
neng
, S
Sout
h A
frica
’s A
frica
Pol
icy
with
in th
e C
onte
xt o
f BRI
CS
Inte
rests
,”
in T
atia
na D
eych
and
Evg
eny
Kore
ndya
sov
(edi
tors
), BR
ICS
as a
N
ew G
loba
l Act
or: I
ts Ro
le a
nd P
rosp
ects
for
Afri
ca. M
osco
w:
Insti
tute
for
Afri
can
Stud
ies,
Rus
sian
Aca
dem
y of
Sci
ence
s, 2
013.
Book
Cha
pter
M
osco
w: I
nstit
ute
for
Afri
can
Stud
ies,
Rus
sian
Aca
dem
y of
Sc
ienc
es, 2
013.
Apr
il, Y
So
uth
Afri
ca-C
hina
Rel
atio
ns a
t 15
year
s C
onfe
renc
e Pr
ocee
ding
s
Con
fere
nce
proc
eedi
ngs
A
ISA
. Acc
epte
d fo
r pu
blic
atio
n.
Mar
ch 2
3, 2
014
218 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Sim
elan
e, T
2013
Eco
nom
ic p
olic
y fo
rum
gro
wth
, tra
nsfo
rmat
ion,
ref
orm
: em
ergi
ng e
cono
mie
s in
the
next
dec
ade.
Pub
lishe
d N
ovem
ber
2013
, with
Urb
anis
atio
n an
d M
igra
tion
Polic
y In
itiat
ive
sect
ion
of th
e EP
F w
ebsi
te, H
aiko
u, C
hina
.
G77
+C
hina
’s in
fluen
ce o
n cl
imat
e ch
ange
neg
otia
tions
and
out
com
es o
n w
orld
env
ironm
enta
l man
agem
ent d
irect
ion
how
saf
e is
food
from
stre
ets
of S
outh
Afri
ca a
nd M
ozam
biqu
e. P
ublis
hed
Dec
embe
r 20
13.
Van
der
Mer
we,
C
Und
ersta
ndin
g ur
ban
food
sec
urity
and
pur
chas
ing
patte
rns,
Vol
ume
11 N
o 5
Nov
embe
r 20
13. P
ublis
hed
at H
SRC
.
Act
ive
Citi
zen
Parti
cipa
tion
2.0
– th
e ca
se o
f Sou
th A
frica
(co-
auth
ored
with
Pro
f Nar
nia
Bohl
er-M
ulle
r). P
ublis
hed
on P
olity
.org
.za
on
19 J
uly
2013
. Ava
ilabl
e at
: http
://w
ww
.pol
ity.o
rg.z
a/ar
ticle
/act
ive-
citiz
en-p
artic
ipat
ion-
20-r
ecom
men
datio
ns-fo
r-so
uth-
afric
a-ju
ly-
2013
-201
3-07
-19.
Bial
osto
cka,
O.
Libe
ratio
n H
erita
ge R
oute
– r
emin
isce
nt o
f the
pai
nful
pas
t or
a ro
ad to
the
futu
re. P
ublis
hed
at A
ISA
, Pol
icy
brie
f No
100,
Nov
embe
r 20
13.
Mak
getla
neng
, S.
Afri
ca In
stitu
te o
f Sou
th A
frica
’s R
elat
ions
hip
with
Dan
i Wad
ada
Nab
uder
e. P
ublis
hed
in P
olity
on
11 O
ctob
er 2
013.
Sout
hern
Afri
can
Cus
tom
s U
nion
’s P
lace
with
in S
outh
ern
Afri
can
regi
onal
inte
grat
ion,
Pub
lishe
d in
Pol
ity L
aw &
Eco
nom
ic N
ews,
on
8 N
ovem
ber
2013
.
Sout
h A
frica
’s C
ontri
butio
n to
Sou
ther
n A
frica
n Re
gion
al In
tegr
atio
n: F
arew
ell t
o Ill
usio
ns o
n So
uthe
rn A
frica
n C
usto
ms
Uni
on p
ublis
hed
in A
frica
n Re
nais
sanc
e, V
ol. 1
0, Is
sue
2, S
epte
mbe
r 20
13.
Why
Sou
ther
n A
frica
n C
usto
ms
Uni
on s
houl
d no
t be
an E
cono
mic
Com
mun
ity, p
ublis
hed
at P
olity
Law
& E
cono
mic
New
s, 9
Dec
embe
r 20
13.
Sout
h A
frica
’s C
orpo
rate
Exp
ansi
on in
to A
frica
: Key
Issu
es,”
Pub
lishe
d in
Pol
ity, L
aw &
Eco
nom
ic N
ews,
29
Janu
ary
2014
.
Dan
i Wad
ada
Nab
uder
e’s
Theo
retic
al E
xpla
natio
n of
Impe
rialis
m: A
n Ex
empl
ary
Con
tribu
tion
to it
s C
oncr
ete
Und
ersta
ndin
g, P
ublis
hed
by A
frica
Insti
tute
of S
outh
Afri
ca, N
o. 9
4, S
epte
mbe
r 20
13.
Mut
anga
, S
The
Futu
re o
f Em
ergi
ng E
cono
mie
s’ E
nerg
y M
ix: L
esso
ns fr
om M
aurit
ius,
Pub
lishe
d A
ISA
Pol
icy
Brie
f No
103,
Jan
uary
201
4
Leka
ba, F
. Th
e af
term
ath
of th
e BR
ICS
fifth
sum
mit-
the
cont
radi
ctio
ns o
f int
erna
tiona
l pol
itica
l eco
nom
y Pu
blis
hed
July
201
3, A
ISA
.
The
Supr
emac
y of
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
in M
aint
aini
ng In
tern
atio
nal P
eace
and
the
Que
stion
of i
ts Re
form
, Pub
lishe
d at
AIS
A P
olic
y Br
ief
No
06 J
anua
ry 2
014.
219THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
The
Afte
rmat
h of
the
BRIC
S Fi
fth S
umm
it: T
he C
ontra
dict
ions
of I
nter
natio
nal P
oliti
cal E
cono
my,
Pub
lishe
d at
AIS
A A
ugus
t 201
3.
Map
hosa
, B.
We
Nee
d to
Do
Bette
r, a
nd W
e C
an: O
ne G
roup
Sur
rend
erin
g is
Har
dly
a Re
turn
to P
eace
and
Pro
sper
ity, A
ISA
Pol
icy
Brie
f No.
99
(Dec
embe
r 20
13).
Lwab
ukun
a, O
. Tr
acin
g A
frica
’s p
rogr
ess
and
pote
ntia
l: To
war
ds th
e po
st 20
15 d
evel
opm
ent a
gend
a? P
ublis
hed,
Pam
bazu
ka N
ews
Issue
643
Aug
ust
2013
.
Gum
bo, T
.
Publ
ic-P
rivat
e pa
rtner
ship
s (P
PPs)
and
sus
tain
able
nat
ural
res
ourc
es e
xplo
itatio
n in
Afri
ca: L
esso
ns fr
om D
iam
ond
Min
ing
in C
hiad
zwa,
Zim
babw
e. A
ISA
Brie
fing
No
88. 5
pp, J
une
2013
.
Tow
ards
a G
reen
Ene
rgy
Revo
lutio
n in
Afri
ca: R
efle
ctio
ns o
n W
aste
-to-E
nerg
y Pr
ojec
ts, P
olic
y br
ief N
o 10
1. P
ublis
hed
at A
ISA
D
ecem
ber
2013
.
The
Arc
hite
ctur
e th
at W
orks
in H
ousi
ng th
e U
rban
Poo
r in
Dev
elop
ing
Cou
ntrie
s: F
orm
al L
and
Acc
ess
and
Dw
elle
r C
ontro
l, Pu
blis
hed
aA
ISA
Pol
icy
Brie
f 105
Jan
uary
201
4.
Hou
sing
the
urba
n po
or in
Afri
ca: e
xper
ienc
es o
f un-
serv
ices
hou
sing
plo
ts. H
SRC
Rev
iew
, 12(
1): 2
7-30
, Mar
ch 2
014.
Sekh
ejan
e, P
. So
uth
Afri
can
Nat
iona
l Hea
lth In
sura
nce
(NH
I) Po
licy:
Pro
spec
ts an
d C
halle
nges
for
its E
ffici
ent I
mpl
emen
tatio
n, P
olic
y br
ief
No
102.
Pu
blis
hed
at A
ISA
on
Dec
embe
r 20
13.
Che
ck, A
.
On
Sout
h A
frica
’s In
terv
entio
n on
the
Afri
can
Con
tinen
t: U
topi
a an
d m
yth
disti
ngui
shed
, Pub
lishe
d at
AIS
A P
olic
y Br
ief N
0 10
4 Ja
nuar
y20
14.
Of R
ent S
eeke
rs a
nd A
genc
ies:
Insu
rgen
cies
and
Arm
s Pr
olife
ratio
n in
the
Gre
at L
akes
Reg
ion
of A
frica
, Pub
lishe
d at
AIS
A, P
olic
y Br
ief
No
96 S
epte
mbe
r 20
13.
Mas
hope
, B.
Dw
indl
ing
pros
pect
s of
mai
nstre
amin
g A
frica
n tra
ditio
nal m
edic
ine
as a
pub
lic h
ealth
offe
ring
in S
A, P
ublis
hed
in P
olity
.org
.za
on 2
5 O
ctob
er 2
013.
Dud
ley,
A.
Sout
h A
frica
’s fo
reig
n po
licy:
stri
ving
tow
ards
Man
dela
’s id
eals.
AIS
A, b
riefin
g N
o 89
. 5p,
Jun
e 20
13.
Vet
urin
o, M
. H
ealth
car
e re
form
in th
e U
S an
d So
uth
Afri
ca: d
oes
new
pol
icy
cure
dis
ease
s or
mer
ely
alle
viat
e th
e sy
mpt
oms?
AIS
A b
riefin
g N
o 90
. 5p
p. J
une
2013
.
Ada
ms,
M &
M
ikes
ell.
Prov
idin
g fo
r te
ache
rs w
ho e
duca
te in
dis
adva
ntag
ed c
omm
uniti
es in
Sou
th A
frica
and
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es.
AIS
A b
riefin
g N
o 91
. 5pp
, Ju
ne 2
013.
220 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Lee,
M.
Afri
can-
Am
eric
an p
erce
ptio
ns o
f Oba
ma.
AIS
A b
riefin
g N
o 86
. 5pp
, Apr
il 20
13.
Ntsa
ko G
ail N
kuna
Th
e str
ateg
ic im
plic
atio
ns o
f Chi
na in
Afri
ca, P
ublis
hed
in P
olity
.org
.za
on 3
1 O
ctob
er 2
013.
Sello
Mab
unda
Th
e Pr
os a
nd C
ons
of th
e C
rimin
al J
uris
dict
ion
of th
e Pr
opos
ed A
frica
n C
ourt
of J
ustic
e an
d H
uman
Rig
hts,
Pol
icy
brie
f No
98,
Publ
ishe
d at
AIS
A N
ovem
ber
2013
.
Ntsa
ko N
kuna
Th
e Po
st C
onfli
ct D
emoc
ratiz
atio
n pr
oces
s In
Ang
ola’
’ pub
lishe
d 25
Sep
tem
ber
2013
ww
w.p
olity
.org
.za.
The
strat
egic
impl
icat
ions
of C
hina
in A
frica
, Pub
lishe
d in
Pol
ity.o
rg.z
a on
31
Oct
ober
201
3.
Sim
amke
le B
okol
o
Inte
grat
ing
empl
oym
ent c
reat
ion
and
skill
s de
velo
pmen
t: th
e ca
se o
f exp
ande
d pu
blic
wor
ks p
rogr
amm
es in
Sou
th A
frica
. Brie
fing
No
93. A
ugus
t 201
3, A
ISA
Pre
toria
. Pub
lishe
d, A
ISA.
Mar
vel M
athy
e H
as S
outh
Afri
ca m
anag
ed to
coo
rdin
ate
SAD
C’s
res
pons
e to
Zim
babw
e? S
outh
Afri
ca w
ants
to c
ontri
bute
to th
e re
gion
as
a pa
rtner
, re
sisti
ng a
ny p
ress
ure
or te
mpt
atio
n to
pur
sue
its o
wn
inte
rests
at t
he e
xpen
se o
f the
res
t of S
outh
ern
Afri
ca (N
elso
n M
ande
la, 1
993)
., Se
ptem
ber
2013
, No
95, A
ISA
.
APP
END
IX C
SPEC
IAL
PRO
JEC
T
AIS
A/
EXTE
RNA
L SP
EAK
ERS
SEM
INA
RS
Pres
ente
r Ti
tle a
nd d
ate
Prof
Vla
dim
ir Sh
ubin
A
frica
and
the
war
in L
ibya
, 24
Apr
il 20
13.
221THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Prof
Phi
ndile
Lu
khel
e-O
loru
nju,
In
terim
CEO
: AIS
A;
Dr
Am
elia
Kle
ijn
It ta
kes
a vi
llage
, but
it s
tarts
with
par
ents:
a s
emin
ar o
n th
e ro
ot c
ause
of c
hild
abu
se, m
oles
tatio
n an
d vi
olen
ce a
gain
st ch
ildre
n, 1
4 M
ay 2
013.
Dr
Alp
hons
e Ke
asle
y A
rts o
f the
con
tact
Zon
e in
the
21st C
entu
ry S
outh
Afri
ca, 5
Jun
e 20
13
Prep
arin
g fo
r pe
ace:
The
AU
Reg
iona
l Coo
pera
tion
Initi
ativ
e fo
r th
e El
imin
atio
n of
the
LRA
in C
entra
l Afri
ca.
D
r Sy
lves
ter
Bong
ani
Map
hosa
Mr
Abe
l Tito
Jos
hua,
Ta
nzan
ia
Ove
rvie
w o
f Bur
undi
Sec
urity
and
Gov
erna
nce
Situ
atio
ns, 1
2 Ju
ly 2
013.
Prof
Tito
Fer
nand
es
and
Prof
Hila
ry In
yang
Food
, Ene
rgy
and
Nut
ritio
n Se
curit
y in
Afri
ca, 2
8 A
ugus
t 201
3
Tow
ards
Impr
ovem
ent o
f Ene
rgy
Syste
m S
usta
inab
ility
in A
frica
Ms.
Ntsa
ko N
kuna
an
d M
r Je
ffrey
Se
hum
e
The
Glo
bal T
rend
s an
d C
hina
in th
e ne
xt D
ecad
e: A
n A
ISA
Brie
fing
in li
ne w
ith th
e C
onte
mpo
rary
Wor
ld M
ulti-
late
ral D
ialo
gue
2013
in B
eijin
g, C
hina
, 30
Oct
ober
201
3.
20
13
AY
GS
PAPE
RS
Aut
hor
Title
Mor
e M
anda
Ju
xtap
osin
g in
form
atio
n an
d co
mm
unic
atio
n te
chno
logy
(IC
T) a
nd k
now
ledg
e m
anag
emen
t (KM
) on
enha
ncin
g sk
ills
deve
lopm
ent i
n SA
: A c
ase
of th
e M
erSE
TA.
Tlot
lollo
Hla
lele
To
war
ds h
uman
impl
ants
thro
ugh
radi
o fre
quen
cy id
entif
icat
ion:
Rem
ovin
g A
frica
’s b
lind-
spot
by
the
art o
f sci
ence
222 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Leon
Gw
aka
The
futu
re o
f Afri
ca in
em
ergi
ng te
chno
logi
es: A
cas
e stu
dy o
f soc
ial m
edia
Mau
rine
Nin
gala
Po
litic
s an
d al
tern
ativ
e pu
blic
spa
ces:
An
exam
inat
ion
of m
oder
n w
ays
wom
en tr
aver
se th
roug
h cy
ber
tech
nolo
gies
in K
enya
Aga
ptus
Nw
ozor
C
an A
frica
n U
nion
’s s
ecur
ity a
ppar
atus
es ta
me
the
spec
tre o
f sta
te fr
agili
ty?
Thab
ang
Dla
dla
The
role
of t
he A
frica
n U
nion
in m
aint
aini
ng p
eace
and
sta
bilit
y in
the
cont
inen
t: Pr
ospe
cts
for
a str
onge
r A
U
Chr
istia
n A
ni
Ndu
buis
i Pr
ospe
cts
and
chal
leng
es o
f the
Afri
can
Uni
on’s
inte
rven
tioni
st ro
l
Baba
tund
e O
mot
osho
Th
e A
frica
n U
nion
and
Afri
can
Dia
spor
a: S
ituat
ing
the
plac
e of
you
ths b
etw
een
the
duo
‘Toy
e A
bioy
e In
volv
ing
activ
e pa
rtici
patio
n of
you
ng p
eopl
e in
the
APR
M/N
EPA
D p
roce
ss fo
r A
frica
’sde
velo
pmen
t
Dom
inic
Oko
liko
The
grid
lock
ant
hrop
ogen
ic g
loba
l war
min
g de
bate
in li
ght o
f ‘un
certa
inty
’: H
ow A
frica
nepi
stem
ic c
ontri
butio
n ca
n by
pass
th
e im
pass
e N
qobi
zith
a D
ube
A S
outh
ern
Afri
can
reso
urce
bas
ed e
cono
my
(RBE
): c
once
pts
for
the
futu
re
Sello
Mab
unda
Pr
ovid
ing
psyc
hoso
cial
sup
port
to r
efug
ees
and
asyl
um s
eeke
rs in
Sou
th A
frica
Oliv
ia N
thoi
/Jan
Kü
ver
Cul
tura
l vis
ions
and
sus
tain
able
dev
elop
men
t - In
tegr
atin
g ro
ots
and
rout
es in
Afri
can
Cul
tura
l Her
itage
Ceb
o N
gwan
a
Afri
can
solu
tion
to A
frica
n pr
oble
ms?
The
pea
ce a
nd s
ecur
ity im
pass
e
Ntsh
embo
Mat
hye
Peac
e ke
epin
g op
erat
ions
on
the
Afri
can
cont
inen
t: A
n as
sess
men
t of A
frica
n U
nion
s ef
fect
iven
ess.
Tapi
wa
Mur
uviw
a Th
e di
lem
ma
of h
uman
itaria
n in
terv
entio
n in
con
flict
man
agem
ent i
n A
frica
: A c
ompa
rativ
estu
dy o
f Sud
an a
nd L
ibya
Benj
amin
M
aian
gwa
Uni
ty in
adv
ersi
ty: A
sses
sing
the
thre
at o
f ter
roris
m in
Wes
t Afri
ca a
nd th
e dy
nam
ics
of r
egio
nal r
espo
nse
Den
is B
ikes
ha
The
rol
e of
lead
ersh
ip in
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
Afri
can
Peac
e an
d Se
curit
y A
rchi
tect
ure
(APS
A)
Adm
ire T
honj
e Su
stain
able
dev
elop
men
t thr
ough
hum
an c
apita
l: M
akin
g a
case
for
the
parti
cipa
tion
of A
frica
n yo
uths
in th
e co
ntin
ent’s
af
fairs
223THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Ade
gben
ga
Ala
degb
ola
Afri
ca p
over
ty r
educ
tion
strat
egie
s: R
educ
ing
pove
rty o
f the
peo
ple
with
out t
he p
eopl
e?
Ibuk
un B
eecr
oft
Po
verty
, tru
st an
d co
rrup
tion:
Tal
es fr
om N
iger
ia
Ann
a Xo
yane
A
n Ev
alua
tion
of th
e Pr
ogre
ss o
f Sub
-Sah
aran
Afri
can
Cou
ntrie
s in
Atta
inin
g G
ende
r Eq
ualit
y an
d W
omen
Em
pow
erm
ent:
Fo
cus
on M
ali a
nd S
outh
Afri
ca
Buhl
e Fr
anci
s W
oody
spe
cies
div
ersi
ty a
nd s
urfa
ce s
oil n
utrie
nts
in a
n O
punt
ia fu
lgid
a En
gelm
inva
ded
sem
i-arid
Sav
anna
ran
gela
nd,
Sout
hwes
t Zim
babw
e Ju
liana
Uko
nze
Tech
nolo
gy a
s a
Fram
e Fa
ctor
in H
uman
Res
ourc
e D
evel
opm
ent i
n A
gric
ultu
ral P
rodu
ctio
n: A
Cas
e St
udy
of R
ice
Prod
uctio
n fo
r
Food
Sec
urity
in A
nam
bra
Stat
e, N
iger
ia
Olu
wol
e O
guny
emi
Indi
geno
us a
gric
ultu
ral t
echn
olog
y in
Nig
eria
: cas
e stu
dy o
f Nig
eria
n St
ored
Pro
duct
s Re
sear
ch In
stitu
te a
nd N
atio
nal C
entre
for
Agr
icul
tura
l Mec
hani
satio
n
Justi
ce T
ambo
Su
stain
able
Inte
nsifi
catio
n in
Afri
can
Smal
lhol
der
Farm
ing:
Pot
entia
l and
Lim
its o
f Con
serv
atio
n A
gric
ultu
re
Shon
isan
i N
etsh
ishi
vhe
The
Role
of T
echn
olog
y Tr
ansf
er in
the
Ener
gy S
ecto
r fo
r Em
ergi
ng E
cono
mie
s in
Afri
ca
Uch
enna
Efo
bi
Polit
icia
ns’ A
ttrib
utes
and
Insti
tutio
nal Q
ualit
y in
Afri
ca: A
Foc
us o
n C
orru
ptio
n
Rase
l Mad
aha
Trib
al C
orru
ptio
n an
d Pr
efer
entia
l Tre
atm
ent:
Nor
th, W
est a
nd S
outh
Con
tradi
ctor
y A
frica
n C
orru
pt P
ract
ices
and
Tan
zani
a’s
Prog
ress
Fran
k Le
kaba
Re
conf
igur
ing
the
Ezul
win
i Con
sens
us in
pur
suit
of th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns S
ecur
ity C
ounc
il re
form
Kuda
kwas
he
Band
ama
Afri
can
Synt
hesi
s: C
ontin
enta
l Ref
orm
50
year
s in
to th
e O
rgan
isatio
n fo
r A
frica
n U
nity
(O.A
.U) n
ow A
frica
n U
nion
(A.U
)
Hen
ry B
erria
n A
frica
and
the
Euro
pean
Uni
on –
Tow
ards
a S
trate
gic
Partn
ersh
ip in
the
21st C
entu
ry
Nom
ahlu
bi J
akuy
a C
hina
and
Sou
th A
frica
Tra
de a
nd in
vestm
ent r
elat
ions
: Im
plic
atio
ns o
f the
rel
atio
nshi
p fo
r So
uth
Afri
ca
224 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
20
13
-20
14
CO
NFE
REN
CES
PRE
SEN
TATI
ON
S: N
ATI
ON
AL
AN
D I
NTE
RNA
TIO
NA
L
Rese
arc
her
Title
/ C
onfe
renc
e A
tten
da
nce
Na
me,
Da
te a
nd L
oca
tion
of
Con
fere
nce/
Sem
ina
r
Ach
u, C
.
Stat
e Se
curit
y an
d Tr
ans-
bord
er e
thni
c po
larit
y in
the
Gre
at L
akes
reg
ion
of A
frica
: Th
e D
RC/R
wan
da im
brog
lio.
Rhod
es U
nive
rsity
, Gra
msto
wn,
27-
28
MA
Y 20
13.
Impe
dim
ents
to d
evel
opm
ent a
nd in
tegr
atio
n in
cen
tral A
frica
sub
-reg
ion:
som
e re
flect
ions
. Li
sbon
, 26-
30 J
une
2013
.
Mut
anga
, S.
Rele
vanc
e of
Geo
spat
ial T
echn
olog
ies
in m
onito
ring
Clim
ate
Cha
nge
rela
ted
disa
sters
in
Afri
ca: S
peci
al fo
cus
on F
lood
s in
Dar
- es
Sala
am; T
anza
nia.
A
frica
Geo
spat
ial f
orum
. CTI
CC
13
-14
Aug
ust 2
013.
Th
e fu
ture
of g
loba
l ene
rgy
mix
-opp
ortu
nitie
s fo
r em
ergi
ng e
cono
mie
s: p
ersp
ectiv
es
from
Sou
th A
frica
, EP
F ec
onom
ic p
olic
y fo
rum
, Deh
li
5-6
Aug
ust 2
013.
Si
mel
ane,
T a
nd
Mut
anga
, SS
Focu
s on
Sou
th A
frica
in th
e BR
ICS
and
beyo
nd.
U
nive
rsity
of P
reto
ria 2
3 M
AY
20
13
Mut
anga
, S.
and
Oum
ar, M
. C
limat
e ch
ange
’s d
ual i
njus
tice:
cas
e st
udy
of D
ar e
s Sa
laam
, Tan
zani
a.
HSR
C c
onfe
renc
e, 2
6-27
Sep
tem
ber
2013
.
Mut
anga
, S.
A c
ritic
al r
evie
w o
f tre
nds,
pol
icie
s an
d pl
ans
for
scal
ing
up r
enew
able
ene
rgy
in A
frica
EC
AS
conf
eren
ce, L
isbo
n, P
ortu
gal
Van
der
Mer
we,
C.
An
expl
orat
ory
study
of f
ood
reta
il, p
urch
asin
g an
d co
nsum
ptio
n in
Dur
ban,
Jo
hann
esbu
rg a
nd P
reto
ria. T
he C
risis
of D
evel
opm
ent i
n So
uthe
rn A
frica
.
3rd
Bien
nial
Con
fere
nce
of th
e So
uth
A
frica
n D
evel
opm
ent S
tudi
es
Ass
ocia
tion
(SA
DSA
), Jo
hann
esbu
rg,
Sout
h A
frica
, 5 –
6 S
epte
mbe
r 20
13.
Rese
arch
Pub
lishi
ng W
orks
hop
pres
ente
d by
Else
vier
Pub
lishi
ng (T
he N
ethe
rland
s).
Uni
vers
ity o
f Joh
anne
sbur
g, 6
Aug
ust
2013
.
The
risin
g ch
alle
nge
of u
rban
food
inse
curit
y: T
he s
usta
inab
ility
of f
ood
reta
il,
purc
hasi
ng, c
onsu
mpt
ion
and
acce
ss to
food
for
the
urba
n po
or in
Sou
th A
frica
. In
equa
litie
s an
d Ju
stice
: Inf
luen
ces,
Effe
cts,
Inte
rsec
tions
and
Evi
denc
e.
Hum
an S
cien
ces
Rese
arch
Cou
ncil
(H
SRC
) Bie
nnia
l Soc
ial S
cien
ces
Re
sear
ch C
onfe
renc
e, B
oksb
urg,
So
uth
Afri
ca, 2
6 –
27 S
epte
mbe
r
225THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Mak
getla
neng
, S.
Pres
ente
d a
pape
r, “
Afri
ca L
earn
ing
from
Chi
na’s
Eco
nom
ic D
evel
opm
ent:
Cha
lleng
es
and
Opp
ortu
nitie
s,”
at th
e C
hina
-Afri
ca S
ympo
sium
, “Fi
fty Y
ears
of C
hina
-Afri
ca
Coo
pera
tion:
Bac
kgro
und,
Pro
gres
s an
d Si
gnifi
canc
e: A
frica
Per
spec
tives
on
Chi
na-
Afri
ca R
elat
ions
and
the
Chi
na D
evel
opm
ent a
nd E
xper
ienc
e.
Sout
hern
Afri
can
Rese
arch
and
D
ocum
enta
tion
Cen
tre a
nd th
e
Emba
ssy
of th
e Pe
ople
’s R
epub
lic o
f C
hina
in Z
imba
bwe,
Har
are,
Zi
mba
bwe,
22-
24 O
ctob
er 2
013.
So
uth
Afri
ca’s
Con
tribu
tion
to S
outh
ern
Afri
can
Regi
onal
Inte
grat
ion:
Bes
t and
Effe
ctiv
e th
roug
h So
uthe
rn A
frica
n C
usto
ms
Uni
on o
r So
uthe
rn A
frica
n D
evel
opm
ent
Com
mun
ity,”
was
rea
d by
Dr
Thok
ozan
i Sim
elan
e as
par
t of
the
wor
k, “
A C
ritic
al
Ass
essm
ent
of tw
o m
odel
s of
reg
iona
l int
egra
tion
in a
n in
crea
sing
ly g
loba
lisin
g
wor
ld: t
he c
ase
of S
outh
ern
Afri
can
Dev
elop
men
t Com
mun
ity.
The
Fifth
Eur
opea
n C
onfe
renc
e on
A
frica
n St
udie
s (E
CA
S), A
frica
n
Dyn
amic
s in
a M
ultip
olar
Wor
ld,
27-2
9 Ju
ne 2
013,
Lis
bon,
Por
tuga
l.
Net
shis
hive
, S.
The
role
of t
echn
olog
y tra
nsfe
r in
the
ener
gy s
ecto
r fo
r em
ergi
ng e
cono
mie
s in
Afri
ca’’
A
ISA
You
ng G
radu
ate
Scho
lars
co
nfer
ence
, 17-
19 F
ebru
ary
2014
.
Apr
il, Y
.
Pres
ente
d pa
per
at C
hine
se D
ream
, Afri
ca D
ream
: Ach
ievi
ng c
omm
on d
evel
opm
ent
thro
ugh
com
mon
effo
rts.
Se
min
ar, J
uly1
5-16
in D
ar e
s Sa
laam
, Ta
nzan
ia.
Min
ing
and
indu
stria
l dev
elop
men
t in
Sout
h A
frica
at 2
0yea
rs o
f dem
ocra
cy: t
he c
ase
of C
hina
and
Sou
th A
frica
. H
SRC
con
fere
nce.
Lwab
ukun
a, O
.
The
harm
onis
atio
n of
eco
nom
ic a
nd b
usin
ess
law
s in
SA
DC
.
3rd
Inte
rnat
iona
l con
fere
nce
on
regi
onal
inte
grat
ion
and
SAD
C la
w,
July
201
3, P
reto
ria.
Con
fere
nce
on ‘U
bunt
u an
d th
e La
w J
uris
prud
ence
’ in
Hon
our
of fo
rmer
Chi
ef J
ustic
e of
th
e C
onsti
tutio
nal C
ourt
Sand
ile N
gcob
o.
25th
Jul
y 20
13, P
reto
ria.
Sem
inar
/Rou
ndta
ble
‘Sw
azila
nd: S
outh
ern
Afri
ca’s
forg
otte
n cr
isis
’ SA
IIA R
ound
tabl
e di
scus
sion
. 06
Sep
tem
ber
2013
, Joh
anne
sbur
g.
Afri
ca’s
que
st fo
r de
velo
pmen
t and
its
chal
leng
es: a
nee
d fo
r a
bette
r le
gal a
nd
regu
lato
ry fr
amew
ork
for
susta
inab
le r
esou
rce
and
inve
stmen
t gov
erna
nce
ECA
S co
nfer
ence
, Lis
bon,
Por
tuga
l
Gum
bo, T
.
In
trodu
cing
the
Diff
eren
tial C
ompl
exity
Mod
el o
f In
form
alis
atio
n (D
CM
I) of
Pos
t-C
olon
ial A
frica
n C
ities
Inte
rnat
iona
l Geo
grap
hy U
nion
. U
rban
Com
mis
sion
Con
fere
nce,
Sou
th
Afri
ca -
21-2
6 Ju
ly 2
013.
226 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
The
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
CRP
D b
y di
sabl
ed p
eopl
e’s
orga
nisa
tion
in Z
imba
bwe:
ex
perie
nces
and
cha
lleng
es o
f the
Nat
iona
l Cou
ncil
of D
isab
led
Peop
le in
Zim
babw
e.
Dis
abili
ty R
ight
s in
Afri
ca C
onfe
renc
e,
Pret
oria
4-7
Nov
embe
r 20
13.
The
Arc
hite
ctur
e Th
at W
orks
in H
ousi
ng th
e U
rban
Poo
r in
Afri
ca: S
ites
With
out
Serv
ices
Exp
erie
nces
in B
ulaw
ayo,
Zim
babw
e In
equa
litie
s an
d Ju
stice
: Inf
luen
ces,
Ef
fect
s, In
ters
ectio
ns a
nd E
vide
nce.
Hum
an S
cien
ces
Rese
arch
Cou
ncil
(H
SRC
) Bie
nnia
l Soc
ial S
cien
ces
Re
sear
ch C
onfe
renc
e, B
oksb
urg,
So
uth
Afri
ca, 2
6 –
27 S
epte
mbe
r
2013
.
D
ream
ers
or c
hanc
ers:
inte
rrog
atin
g m
igra
nt M
icro
-ent
repr
eneu
rshi
p re
silie
nce
in
Sow
eto,
Sou
th A
frica
Urb
an in
form
ality
and
mig
rant
en
trepr
eneu
rshi
p in
Sou
ther
n A
frica
n
citie
s, C
ape
Tow
n, 1
0-11
Feb
20
14
Fors
ter-
Tow
ne, C
. Th
e un
iform
fetis
h: S
outh
Afri
can
polic
e re
serv
ists
and
the
poss
ibili
ty o
f cha
nges
to th
e un
iform
Bie
nnia
l Con
fere
nce
of th
e So
uth
Afri
can
Dev
elop
men
t Stu
dies
Ass
ocia
tion
(SA
DSA
).
Joha
nnes
burg
, Sou
th A
frica
, 5 –
6
Sept
embe
r 20
13.
Lukh
ele-
Olo
runj
u, P
. an
d Xo
yane
, A.
Gov
ernm
ent p
olic
ies
in r
elat
ion
to q
ualit
y of
edu
catio
n in
six
SA
DC
cou
ntrie
s (B
otsw
ana,
Les
otho
, Nam
ibia
, Sou
th A
frica
, Zam
bia
and
Zim
babw
e.
HSR
C c
onfe
renc
e,
Mas
hope
, B.
Glo
bal H
ealth
dip
lom
acy
exec
utiv
e w
orks
hop.
12
-17
Aug
ust,
Beiji
ng, c
hina
.
Com
para
tive
study
of s
trate
gies
em
ploy
ed b
y C
hina
and
Sou
th A
frica
in d
evel
opin
g tra
ditio
nal m
edic
ine
for
publ
ic h
ealth
EC
AS
conf
eren
ce, L
isbo
n, P
ortu
gal
Sim
elan
e, T
.
Dyn
amic
s of
legi
slativ
e, r
egul
ator
y fra
mew
ork
and
polic
y en
viro
nmen
t of e
nerg
y se
ctor
in
Afri
ca’’
Pres
ente
d at
impr
ovem
ents
of th
e en
ergy
indu
stry
in A
frica
for
susta
inab
le
deve
lopm
ent-
the
role
of P
arlia
men
ts.
M
idra
nd C
onfe
renc
e C
entre
, 10-
12
Aug
ust 2
013.
An
over
view
of t
he r
ole
of p
arlia
men
ts in
the
impr
ovem
ents
of e
nerg
y in
dustr
ies
in
Afri
ca’’
Pres
ente
d at
impr
ovem
ents
of th
e en
ergy
indu
stry
in A
frica
for
susta
inab
le
deve
lopm
ent-
the
role
of P
arlia
men
ts.
Mid
rand
Con
fere
nce
Cen
tre, 1
0-12
A
ugus
t 201
3.
Sout
h A
frica
’s in
nova
tion
land
scap
e un
der
new
inte
llect
ual p
rope
rty e
nviro
nmen
t’’ 6
th
Inno
vatio
n Su
mm
it A
cade
mic
Con
fere
nce.
ID
C, S
andt
on C
ity, 2
8-29
Aug
ust
2013
.
227THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
The
role
of t
he C
aspi
an r
egio
n in
the
ener
gy s
ecur
ity o
f the
Wor
ld.
1-4
Sept
embe
r 20
13, B
aku,
A
zerb
aija
n.
Not
able
driv
ers
of c
ity tr
ansf
orm
atio
ns in
the
21st
cent
ury:
Afri
can
pers
pect
ives
H
aiko
u (C
hina
), 31
Oct
ober
-04
N
ovem
ber
2013
. A
crit
ical
ass
essm
ent o
f tw
o m
odel
s of
reg
iona
l int
egra
tion
in a
n in
crea
sing
ly
glob
aliz
ing
wor
ld: t
he c
ase
of S
AD
C EC
AS,
con
fere
nce,
Por
tuga
l
Map
hosa
, S.
Afri
can
Peac
e Su
ppor
t Tra
iner
s A
ssoc
iatio
n A
nnua
l Gen
eral
Mee
ting
A
ddis
Aba
ba, E
thio
pia
from
25
– 2
7 Se
ptem
ber
2013
.
Build
ing
Incl
usiv
e Po
litic
al P
roce
sses
in P
ost-C
onfli
ct C
ount
ries:
Rev
iew
of t
he R
ole
of
Sout
h A
frica
A
CC
ORD
Sem
inar
, Bur
gers
park
H
otel
, Pre
toria
, Sou
th A
frica
, M
ay 1
4-15
, 201
3
The
Afri
can
Uni
on a
nd P
eace
Sup
port
oper
atio
ns
EC
CA
S 20
13 C
onfe
renc
e, L
isbo
n
Uni
vers
ity, P
ortu
gal,
June
27-
30,
2013
.
Con
tem
pora
ry P
eace
Sup
port
Ope
ratio
ns in
the
Dem
ocra
tic R
epub
lic o
f the
Con
go
(DRC
)
DO
D C
onfli
ct S
imul
atio
n (C
ON
SIM
) Se
min
ar, P
eace
Mis
sion
s Tr
aini
ng
Cen
tre (P
MTC
), Pr
etor
ia, S
outh
Afri
ca,
Aug
ust 1
2, 2
013
“AIS
A”
pape
r pr
esen
ted
as m
otiv
atio
n fo
r A
ISA
mem
bers
hip
to A
PSTA
.
APS
TA A
GM
and
Con
fere
nce,
Bol
e A
mba
ssad
or H
otel
, Add
is A
baba
, Et
hiop
ia, S
epte
mbe
r 25
-27,
201
3
Tow
ards
a D
iffic
ult P
eace
: Wha
t’s G
oing
to M
ake
a D
iffer
ence
in th
e ea
stern
D
emoc
ratic
Rep
ublic
of C
ongo
?
AIS
A S
emin
ar, A
ISA
Boa
rdro
om,
Pret
oria
, Sou
th A
frica
, Nov
embe
r 19
, 20
13
Peac
e Ed
ucat
ion
in F
ragi
le A
frica
n C
onte
xts:
Wha
t’s g
oing
to m
ake
a D
iffer
ence
?
A
ISA
Boo
k Pr
ojec
t Col
loqu
y, A
ISA
Bo
ardr
oom
, Pre
toria
, Sou
th A
frica
, N
ovem
ber
20-2
1, 2
013
Stab
ility
fact
ors
in A
frica
: Les
sons
for
the
futu
re o
n A
frica
n be
st pr
actic
es
In
stitu
te fo
r Pe
ace
and
Secu
rity
Stud
ies
(IP
SS) M
PSA
4-20
13/1
4, A
ddis
A
baba
Uni
vers
ity, E
thio
pia,
N
ovem
ber
29, 2
013
228 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Subs
idia
rity
and
Prot
ectio
n of
Civ
ilian
s in
Arm
ed C
onfli
ct
APS
TA R
esea
rch
Col
loqu
ium
, Nai
robi
, Ke
nya,
Dec
embe
r 9-
10, 2
013
Fors
ter-
Tow
ne, C
.
The
unifo
rm fe
tish:
Sou
th A
frica
n po
lice
rese
rvis
ts an
d th
e po
ssib
ility
of c
hang
es to
the
unifo
rm B
ienn
ial C
onfe
renc
e of
the
Sout
h A
frica
n D
evel
opm
ent S
tudi
es A
ssoc
iatio
n (S
AD
SA).
Joha
nnes
burg
, Sou
th A
frica
, 5 –
6
Sept
embe
r 20
13.
Why
res
ervi
sts jo
in th
e po
lice
in J
ohan
nesb
urg
ISS
4th
inte
rnat
iona
l con
fere
nce:
N
atio
nal a
nd in
tern
atio
nal p
ersp
ectiv
es
on c
rime
redu
ctio
n an
d cr
imin
al
justi
ce 2
1-22
Aug
ust
Van
As,
E.
Po
ster
pres
enta
tion:
Afri
ca in
map
s A
frica
Geo
spat
ial f
orum
C
TIC
C, 1
3-14
Aug
ust 2
013
20
13
-20
14
AIS
A R
ESEA
RCH
SEM
INA
RS
Rese
arc
her
Title
N
am
e, D
ate
and
Loc
ati
on o
f C
onfe
renc
e/Se
min
ar
Boko
lo, S
& G
umbo
, T.
D
ream
ers
or C
hanc
ers:
Inte
rrog
atin
g M
igra
nt M
icro
-Ent
repr
eneu
rshi
p Re
silie
nce
in
Sow
eto,
Joh
anne
sbur
g, S
outh
Afri
ca
29 J
anua
ry 2
014
at A
ISA
.
Gum
bo, T
. In
nova
tions
In M
unic
ipal
Sol
id W
aste
Man
agem
ent I
n A
frica
: Les
sons
from
Nai
robi
an
d ET
hekw
ini.
22 O
ctob
er 2
013
at A
ISA
.
Ach
u, C
. Tw
o de
cade
s of
miti
gatin
g re
-rep
rese
ntat
ion:
An
anal
ysis
of p
ost-c
onfli
ct
reco
nstru
ctio
n in
Rw
anda
5
Dec
embe
r 20
13 a
t AIS
A.
Mut
anga
, S.
The
Futu
re o
f Ene
rgy
Mix
for
Dev
elop
ing
Econ
omie
s: P
olic
y la
ndsc
ape
of M
aurit
ius’
30
Oct
ober
201
3 at
AIS
A.
229THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Tw
o de
cade
s of
miti
gatin
g re
-rep
rese
ntat
ion:
an
anal
ysis
of p
ost –
con
flict
re
cons
truct
ion
in R
wan
da, a
s w
ell a
s En
viro
nmen
t sec
tor
scie
nce
– po
licy
inte
rface
ap
proa
ch g
reen
eco
nom
y an
d su
stain
able
dev
elop
men
t per
spec
tive.
AIS
A, 0
5 D
ecem
ber
2013
.
Gum
bo, T
. & N
kuna
, N
. Th
e gl
obal
tren
ds a
nd C
hina
in th
e ne
xt d
ecad
e. A
n A
ISA
brie
fing
in li
ne w
ith th
e co
ntem
pora
ry w
orld
mul
ti-la
tera
l dia
logu
e 20
13 in
Bei
jing.
30 O
ctob
er 2
013
at A
ISA
bo
ardr
oom
.
Ach
u, C
. Th
e fu
ture
of e
nerg
y m
ix fo
r de
velo
ping
eco
nom
ics-
pol
icy
land
scap
e of
Mau
ritiu
s en
ergy
opt
ions
A
ISA
, 05
Dec
embe
r 20
13.
Map
hosa
, S.
Tow
ards
a D
iffic
ult P
eace
: Wha
t’s G
oing
to M
ake
a D
iffer
ence
in th
e ea
stern
D
emoc
ratic
Rep
ublic
of C
ongo
?
AIS
A, 1
9 N
ovem
ber
2013
.
Lwab
ukun
a, O
. Re
sour
ce g
over
nanc
e fo
r su
stain
able
dev
elop
men
t: Re
view
ing
the
role
of G
hana
’s
2011
Pet
role
um R
even
ue M
anag
emen
t Act
A
ISA
, 05
Mar
ch 2
014
Van
Der
Mer
we,
C.
Susta
inab
le a
cces
s to
food
for
the
urba
n po
or in
the
Tshw
ane
Met
ropo
litan
M
unic
ipal
ity: a
stu
dy o
f hou
seho
ld fo
od c
onsu
mpt
ion
in M
amel
odi”
A
ISA
Boa
rdro
om, 0
5 M
arch
201
4
Susta
inab
le a
cces
s to
food
for
the
urba
n po
or in
Pre
toria
: A s
tudy
of h
ouse
hold
food
co
nsum
ptio
n in
Mam
elod
i.
Uni
vers
ity o
f Joh
anne
sbur
g
Dep
artm
ent o
f Ant
hrop
olog
y an
d D
evel
opm
ent S
tudi
es P
ost-G
radu
ate
Se
min
ar S
erie
s, J
ohan
nesb
urg,
Sou
th
Afri
ca, 2
3 A
pril
2013
.
An
over
view
of c
urre
nt d
isco
urse
on
susta
inab
le c
ities
in A
frica
A
ISA
Boa
rdro
om, 2
2 O
ctob
er 2
013
230 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
20
13
-20
14
CA
MPU
S LE
CTU
RE S
ERIE
S
Rese
arc
her
Title
N
am
e, D
ate
and
Loc
ati
on o
f C
onfe
renc
e/Se
min
ar/
Lect
ure
Dr
S M
akge
tlane
ng
Pres
ente
d a
pape
r, “
Key
Issue
s in
Zim
babw
e’s
31 J
uly
2013
Har
mon
ised
Ele
ctio
ns,”
at
the
Afri
ca In
stitu
te o
f Sou
th A
frica
Cam
pus
Lect
ure
Serie
s.
Nor
th-W
est U
nive
rsity
, Pot
chef
stroo
m
Cam
pus,
3 O
ctob
er 2
013,
Sim
elan
e, T
.
Th
e Ro
le o
f Afri
ca in
the
wor
ld's
soc
io e
cono
mic
dev
elop
men
t - w
hat o
ppor
tuni
ties
exis
t fo
r So
uth
Afri
ca
4
Oct
ober
201
3, R
uste
nbur
g FE
T O
RBIT
C
olle
ge
Ach
u C
heck
A
frica
's k
ey c
halle
nges
- th
e ro
le o
f Sou
th A
frica
in s
ortin
g A
frica
's c
halle
nges
. 4
Oct
ober
201
3, R
uste
nbur
g FE
T O
RBIT
C
olle
ge
Neo
-Col
onia
l Mac
hina
tions
and
Pos
t-Col
onia
l int
rigue
s: A
sses
sing
the
Con
flict
in th
e C
entra
l Afri
ca R
epub
lic
17 M
arch
201
4, U
nive
rsity
of V
enda
.
van
der
Mer
we,
C.
Cha
lleng
es to
Sus
tain
able
Dev
elop
men
t in
Afri
ca
18 O
ctob
er 2
013,
Man
kwe
ORB
IT F
ET
Col
lege
G
umbo
, T.
Ener
gy G
ener
atio
n fro
m M
unic
ipal
Sol
id W
aste
in A
frica
Mas
hope
, B
Indi
geno
us K
now
ledg
e A
frica
n Tr
aditi
onal
Med
icin
e.
11 O
ctob
er 2
013,
Brit
s O
RBIT
FET
Col
lege
Mut
anga
, S. &
Van
D
er M
erw
e, C
G
reen
and
Low
Car
bon
Econ
omy
Opp
ortu
nitie
s fo
r A
frica
. U
nive
rsity
of P
reto
ria, 2
8 Fe
brua
ry 2
014
Dr
Map
hosa
U
nder
stand
ing
the
Rese
arch
Pro
cess
: A P
rimer
from
the
Fiel
d U
nive
rsity
of K
waZ
ulu-
Nat
al, 2
0 M
arch
20
14
Mut
anga
Th
e Fu
ture
of E
nerg
y M
ix fo
r D
evel
opin
g Ec
onom
ies:
Pol
icy
land
scap
e of
Mau
ritiu
s’
ener
gy o
ptio
ns
UKZ
N, 2
0 M
arch
201
4
231THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Gum
bo
Inno
vatio
ns In
Mun
icip
al S
olid
Was
te M
anag
emen
t In
Afri
ca: L
esso
ns fr
om N
airo
bi
and
EThe
kwin
i. U
KZN
, 20
Mar
ch 2
014
Lwab
ukun
a Re
sour
ce g
over
nanc
e fo
r su
stain
able
dev
elop
men
t: Re
view
ing
the
role
of G
hana
’s
2011
Pet
role
um R
even
ue M
anag
emen
t Act
U
KZN
, 20
Mar
ch 2
014
Erro
r! N
ot a
val
id li
nk.
MED
IA/V
ISIB
ILIT
Y:
TV A
ND
RA
DIO
Rese
arc
her
Top
ic
Med
ia C
hann
el
Da
te
Mr
Ach
u C
entra
l Afri
can
Repu
blic
, and
wha
t cou
ld b
e th
e co
nseq
uenc
es o
f its
invo
lvem
ent
in th
is c
risis
V
oice
of A
mer
ica
(Rad
io)
02-A
pr-1
3
Dr
Map
hosa
Re
cent
atta
cks
in M
ozam
biqu
e SA
fm (M
orni
ng T
alk)
08
-Apr
-13
Dr
Map
hosa
Th
e G
upta
’s fa
mily
’s a
ircra
ft le
ndin
g at
the
Wat
erkl
oof A
irfor
ce B
ase
Li
gwal
agw
ala
FM
02-M
ay-1
3
Dr
Map
hosa
A
frica
n U
nion
sta
ndby
forc
e C
hann
el A
frica
08
-May
-13
Prof
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-O
loru
nju
Book
: Tru
imph
and
Pro
sper
ity o
f Edu
catio
n in
Afri
ca
Cha
nnel
Afri
ca
13-M
ay-1
3
Prof
Mam
mo
Muc
hie
Scra
mbl
e fo
r A
frica
Con
fere
nce
SAFM
Mor
ning
Tal
k 17
-May
-13
Adz
iliw
i N
emat
anda
ni
Scra
mbl
e fo
r A
frica
Con
fere
nce
ML
FM (S
ABC
Rad
io)
20-M
ay-1
3
Prof
Luk
hele
-Olo
runj
u Sc
ram
ble
for
Afri
ca C
onfe
renc
e C
hann
el A
frica
20
-May
-13
Prof
Kea
sley
and
othe
r pa
rtici
pant
s Sc
ram
ble
for
Afri
ca C
onfe
renc
e SA
FM
21-M
ay-1
3
Oba
diah
Sam
uel
Scra
mbl
e fo
r A
frica
Con
fere
nce
Cha
nnel
Afri
ca
21-M
ay-1
3
Mr
Che
ck A
chu
Man
agin
g co
nflic
t in
Afri
ca: S
outh
Afri
ca’s
con
flict
res
olut
ion
initi
ativ
es in
Afri
ca
Kaya
FM
23
-May
-13
232 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Mr
Them
bani
M
bald
anya
na
Afri
ca D
ay C
eleb
ratio
n ac
ross
the
cont
inen
t C
hann
el A
frica
24
-May
-13
Mr
Them
bani
M
bald
anya
na
Afri
ca D
ay C
eleb
ratio
n ac
ross
the
cont
inen
t SA
BC N
ews
24-M
ay-1
3
Dr
Map
hosa
A
frica
n U
nion
ann
ounc
ing
the
crea
tion
of th
e A
U R
apid
Res
pons
e Fo
rce
Cha
nnel
Afri
ca
05-J
un-1
3
Dr
Map
hosa
Th
e le
ak o
f inf
orm
atio
n th
at S
outh
Afri
can
dele
gate
s th
at a
ttend
ed th
e G
20
Sum
mit
in B
ritai
n in
200
9 ha
ve b
een
spie
d on
. Li
gwal
agw
ala
FM
18-J
un-1
3
Dr
Map
hosa
Th
e at
tack
on
the
UN
com
poun
d, th
e fig
htin
g be
twee
n riv
al fa
ctio
ns o
f al-S
haba
b W
WRL
19
-Jun
-13
Dr
Gum
bo
Zim
babw
e el
ectio
ns
Cha
nnel
Afri
ca
03-
Jul-1
3
Mr
Ach
u C
ount
ry fo
cus
Rwan
da
SA F
M
29-J
ul-1
3
Dr
Gum
bo
Zim
babw
ean
elec
tions
SA
FM
30
-Jul
-13
Mr
Ach
u Th
e si
tuat
ion
in E
aste
rn D
RC a
nd th
e U
N u
ltim
atum
for
the
rebe
ls to
leav
e G
oma
or fa
ce p
ossi
ble
conf
ront
atio
n w
ith M
ON
USC
O tr
oops
SA
FM
01
-Aug
-13
Ms
Mor
wan
e A
ISA
’s p
ublic
atio
ns: A
utho
r co
ntrib
utio
ns, A
utho
r gu
idel
ines
, pol
icy
brie
fs a
nd
book
s.
Thob
ela
FM
08-A
ug-1
3
Dr
Lwab
ukun
a C
ount
ry fo
cus
Mal
i SA
FM
19
-Aug
-13
Prof
Cam
pbel
l Pr
evie
w in
terv
iew
on
Sem
inar
on
Afri
ca a
nd th
e W
orld
: Les
sons
from
the
NA
TO
Inte
rven
tion
in L
ibya
SA
FM
27
-Aug
-13
Prof
Ndl
ovu
(Uni
sa)
Follo
w u
p in
terv
iew
on
Sem
inar
on
Afri
ca a
nd th
e W
orld
: Les
sons
from
the
NA
TO
Inte
rven
tion
in L
ibya
SA
FM
03
-Sep
-13
Dep
uty
Min
iste
r M
ariu
s Fr
ansm
an
SA -
Chi
na D
iplo
mat
ic R
elat
ion
at 1
5 Ye
ars
SABC
Rad
io
19-S
ep-1
3
Dr
Map
hosa
Ke
nya
Wes
tgat
e at
tack
Lo
tus
FM
23-S
ep-1
3
Dr
Mak
getla
neng
Pr
esid
ent J
acob
Zum
a's
UN
Spe
ech
Radi
o Isl
um In
tern
atio
nal
27-S
ep-1
3
233THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Che
ck A
chu
In d
epth
dis
cuss
ion
on M
adag
asca
r fo
llow
ing
the
elec
tions
U
bunt
u Ra
dio
(DIR
CO
) 27
-Oct
-13
Che
ck A
chu
Moz
ambi
que
secu
rity
situ
atio
n
Ubu
ntu
Radi
o (D
IRC
O)
10-N
ov-1
3
Che
ck A
chu
M23
and
pea
ce in
the
Gre
at L
akes
reg
ion
Ubu
ntu
Radi
o (D
IRC
O)
10-1
1-13
Che
ck A
chu
Mad
agas
can
Elec
tion
parti
cula
rly lo
okin
g at
the
polit
ics
and
lead
ersh
ip o
f the
co
untry
SA
FM
11-N
ov-1
3
Dr
Keas
ley
Peac
e Ed
ucat
ion
for
Vio
lenc
e Pr
even
tion
in F
ragi
le A
frica
n So
ciet
ies:
Wha
t’s
goin
g to
mak
e a
Diff
eren
ce?
Kaya
FM
25
-Nov
-13
Dr
Map
hosa
D
iscu
ss th
e si
tuat
ion
in D
RC fo
llow
ing
Dr
Map
hosa
's s
emin
ar o
n Se
min
ar o
n Pe
ace
Mis
sion
s an
d C
omm
unity
Sec
urity
: Wha
t’s g
oing
to m
ake
a D
iffer
ence
in
easte
rn D
emoc
ratic
Rep
ublic
of C
ongo
? SA
BC C
hann
el A
frica
20
-Nov
-13
Prof
Mam
mo
Muc
hie
and
Prof
Vus
i G
umed
e
Book
Lau
nch
- The
Afri
can
Uni
on T
en Y
ears
Lat
er: S
olvi
ng A
frica
n Pr
oble
ms
with
Pa
n-A
frica
nism
and
the
Afri
can
Rena
issa
nce
SAFM
29
-Nov
-13
Sola
ni N
gobe
ni
Book
Lau
nch
- The
Afri
can
Uni
on T
en Y
ears
Lat
er: S
olvi
ng A
frica
n Pr
oble
ms
with
Pa
n-A
frica
nism
and
the
Afri
can
Rena
issa
nce
ML
FM
30-N
ov-1
3
Dr
Mak
getla
neng
So
uth
Afri
ca a
fter
Man
dela
A
M16
00W
WRL
09
-Dec
-13
Dr
Oliv
ia L
wab
ukun
a A
YGS
SAFM
15
-Feb
-14
Mr
Brow
n M
aaba
, M
r C
heck
Ach
u, P
rof
Chr
is L
ands
berg
A
ISA
Bio
grap
hy
Tshw
ane
TV
05-A
pr-1
3
Dr
Map
hosa
Afri
ca a
nd in
tern
atio
nal p
oliti
cal s
tatu
s w
ith r
egar
d to
cou
ntrie
s su
ch a
s S
omal
ia,
Syria
on
the
situ
atio
n w
hich
ent
ails
the
gift
of th
e gi
vers
, Nig
eria
’s D
elta
mili
tant
s w
ho th
reat
en a
nti-M
uslim
atta
cks
as w
ell a
s se
curit
y, d
ialo
gue
and
mea
ning
ful
refo
rms
in M
ali f
urth
erm
ore
the
poss
ible
terr
or th
reat
s on
US
E TV
Sun
rise
19-A
pr-1
3
Am
bass
ador
Elk
han
Polu
kh P
oluk
hov
Fore
ign
Polic
y of
Aze
rbai
jan
tow
ards
Afri
ca, i
nves
tmen
t and
par
tner
ship
O
ppor
tuni
ties;
Am
bass
ador
ial f
orum
Isl
am T
V
30-A
pr-1
3
234 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Mr
Che
ck A
chu
Man
agin
g co
nflic
t in
Afri
ca: S
outh
Afri
ca’s
con
flict
res
olut
ion
initi
ativ
es in
Afri
ca
ITV
13
-May
-13
Prof
Mam
mo
Muc
hie
Scra
mbl
e fo
r A
frica
con
fere
nce
ITV
21
-May
-13
Prof
Tun
tufy
e M
wam
wen
da
Book
Rev
iew
: The
Triu
mph
and
Pro
sper
ity o
f Edu
catio
n in
Afri
ca
Mor
ning
Liv
e on
SA
BC2
31-M
ay-1
3
Dr
Map
hosa
To
kyo
Inte
rnat
iona
l Con
fere
nce
for
Afri
can
Dev
elop
men
t (TI
CA
D)
ETV
Mor
ning
sun
rise
07-J
un-1
3
Ms
Yazi
ni A
pril
Pres
iden
t Oba
ma
and
his
polic
y/re
latio
nshi
p w
ith A
frica
? Sk
y N
ews
29-J
un-1
3
Prof
Hor
ace
Cam
pbel
l. Pr
evie
w in
terv
iew
on
Sem
inar
on
Afri
ca a
nd th
e W
orld
: Les
sons
from
the
NA
TO
Inte
rven
tion
in L
ibya
SA
BC2
27-A
ug-1
3
Cha
rl V
an D
er
Mer
we
Food
Sec
urity
and
Clim
ate
chan
ge
AN
N7
12-S
ep-1
3
Dep
uty
Min
iste
r M
ariu
s Fr
ansm
an
SA -
Chi
na D
iplo
mat
ic R
elat
ion
at 1
5 Ye
ars
CC
TV
19-S
ep-1
3
Fran
cis
Korn
egay
(E
dito
r)
Layi
ng th
e BR
ICS
of a
New
Glo
bal O
rder
: Fro
m Y
ekat
erin
burg
200
9 to
eTh
ekw
ini
2013
SA
BC2
- Mor
ning
Liv
e 29
-Oct
-13
Fran
cis
Korn
egay
(E
dito
r)
Pre
book
laun
ch o
f Lay
ing
the
BRIC
S of
a n
ew w
orld
ord
er
CN
BC
31-O
ct-1
3
Dr
Map
hosa
A
n in
terv
iew
on
the
situ
atio
n in
the
DRC
A
NN
7 01
-Nov
-13
Prof
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
O
loru
nju
Wha
t is
Afri
ca d
oing
abo
ut is
sues
of P
over
ty a
re th
ey a
ddre
ssin
g th
is a
t all?
W
hy s
houl
d w
omen
pla
y a
maj
or r
ole
in a
llevi
atin
g po
verty
? W
hat p
robl
ems
do w
omen
face
that
do
not a
llow
them
to m
ake
an im
pact
in
pove
rty a
llevi
atio
n?
Cha
nnel
Afri
ca
06-N
ov-1
3
235THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Dr
Map
hosa
D
iscu
ss a
nd a
naly
sis
the
situ
atio
n in
Moz
ambi
que
SABC
24h
ours
new
s ch
anne
l 12
-Nov
-13
Dr
Map
hosa
So
mal
ia -
the
deci
sion
by
Keny
an a
nd S
omal
ian
gove
rnm
ents,
with
UN
ref
ugee
ag
ency
who
sig
ned
a tri
parti
te a
gree
men
t to
rep
atria
te r
efug
ees
from
Ken
ya to
So
mal
ia
Ann
7 12
-Nov
-13
Dr
Map
hosa
QU
ESTI
ON
S…
Can
you
des
crib
e fo
r us
wha
t is
situ
atio
n in
the
C-A
-R a
t the
mom
ent?
Th
ere
have
bee
n so
me
sugg
estio
ns th
at w
e co
uld
be h
eadi
ng fo
r a
geno
cide
, is
this
a fa
ir pr
edic
tion?
W
hat c
an th
e in
tern
atio
nal c
omm
unity
do
to a
ssis
t tho
se c
arin
g fo
r vi
ctim
s of
the
ongo
ing
C-A
-R c
onfli
ct?
Are
you
con
cern
ed th
at th
is in
stabi
lity
mig
ht s
pill
over
into
nei
ghbo
urin
g co
untri
es?
eNC
A
15-N
ov-1
3
Dr
Map
hosa
Pe
ace
Educ
atio
n fo
r V
iole
nce
Prev
entio
n in
frag
ile A
frica
n So
ciet
ies:
Wha
t’s g
oing
to
mak
e a
diffe
renc
e?
CN
BC
19-N
ov-1
3
Fran
k Le
kaba
and
ot
her
AYG
S de
lega
tes
Afri
ca's
futu
re e
xplo
red
at A
YGS
conf
eren
ce.
CN
BC
19-F
eb-1
4
Dr
Oliv
ia L
wab
ukun
a an
d U
J pa
rtici
pant
s Th
e 8t
h A
nnua
l AYG
S co
nfer
ence
SA
FM
15-F
eb-1
4
Prof
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-O
loru
nju
AYG
S
SABC
Cha
nnel
Afri
ca's
Jo
urna
list P
ule
Phal
atse
- In
terv
iew
for
Mag
azin
e Sh
ow
17-F
eb-1
4
Prof
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-O
loru
nju
AYG
S SA
BC C
hann
el A
frica
's
Thut
o N
gobe
ni -
For C
urre
nt
affa
irs
17-F
eb-1
4
236 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Prof
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-O
loru
nju
AYG
S C
hann
el A
frica
(A
frica
D
iges
t) 17
-Feb
-14
Prof
Phi
ndile
Luk
hele
-O
loru
nju,
Leb
ethe
M
alef
o A
YGS
Cha
nnel
Afri
ca (A
frica
n D
ialo
gue)
18
-Feb
-14
Even
t Cov
erag
e A
frica
of t
he F
utur
e - 8
th Y
oung
Gra
duat
es a
nd S
chol
ars
conf
eren
ce
SABC
Cha
nnel
Afri
ca
25-F
eb-1
4
Dr
Map
hosa
C
AR
situ
atio
n C
hann
el A
frica
24
-Feb
-14
Dr
Map
hosa
Th
e re
latio
ns b
etw
een
SA a
nd B
urun
di
New
sfla
sh
10-M
ar-1
4
Dr
Map
hosa
M
akin
g el
ectio
ns m
ore
legi
timat
e in
the
Afri
can
cont
inen
t SA
BC C
hann
el A
frica
24
Mar
ch 2
014
PRIN
T M
EDIA
To
pic
N
ewsp
ap
er/
web
site
D
ate
Mr
Mba
dlan
yana
So
uth
Afri
ca is
Su
fferin
g fro
m a
m
oral
rec
essi
on
The
Star
pag
e 9
Afri
ca E
ditio
n pa
ge 1
9
23-A
pr-1
3
Ms
Apr
il C
ritic
ism
of
BRIC
S Th
e N
ew A
ge p
age
19
24-A
pr-1
3
237THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
deve
lopm
ent
bank
un
war
rant
ed
Prof
esso
r T
untu
fye
Mw
amw
enda
Book
: Tru
imph
an
d Pr
ospe
rity
of
Educ
atio
n in
A
frica
Des
tiny
Mag
azin
e 24
-May
-13
Dr
Mak
getla
neng
Mr
Nel
son
Man
dela
and
his
le
gacy
in S
outh
A
frica
Hel
sing
in S
anom
at
14-J
un-1
3
Even
t cov
erag
e
SA –
Chi
na
Dip
lom
atic
Re
latio
ns a
t 15
year
s
Mai
l and
Gua
rdia
n 04
-Oct
-13
Dr
Barb
ara
Mas
hope
It’s
a si
tuat
ion
that
bad
ly n
eeds
re
med
y Th
e St
ar A
frica
Edi
tion
11-N
ov-1
3
Cla
udia
For
ster-
Tow
ne
The
exha
ustin
g pr
ivila
ge o
f be
ing
mid
dle
clas
s
City
Pre
ss
09-M
ar-1
3
The
Futu
re W
e C
hose
– B
ook
cove
rage
Um
ashe
le
ucac
ise
ngob
udle
lwan
o ba
khe
noJZ
Izin
daba
30
-Mar
-14
Even
t cov
erag
e Ku
zohl
anga
na
inku
khu
nem
paka
Iso
lezw
e 27
-Mar
-14
238 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Onl
ine
Med
ia
Am
bass
ador
Elk
han
Polu
kh P
oluk
hov
Fore
ign
Polic
y of
A
zerb
aija
n to
war
ds A
frica
, in
vestm
ent a
nd
partn
ersh
ip
Opp
ortu
nitie
s;
Am
bass
ador
ial
foru
m
APA
TV
ht
tp:/
/az.
apa.
az/n
ews/
2972
44
30-A
pr-1
3
Am
bass
ador
Elk
han
Polu
kh P
oluk
hov
Fore
ign
Polic
y of
A
zerb
aija
n to
war
ds A
frica
, in
vestm
ent a
nd
partn
ersh
ip
Opp
ortu
nitie
s;
Am
bass
ador
ial
foru
m
Lent
.az
h
ttp:/
/m.le
nt.a
z/?c
=sho
w&
id=1
2341
8 30
-Apr
-13
Prof
Phi
ndile
Lu
khel
e-O
loru
nju
Afr
ica
Day
Th
e N
ew A
ge h
ttp:/
/ww
w.th
enew
age.
co.z
a/96
724-
1007
-53-
Afri
ca_e
volv
ing_
desp
ite_c
halle
nges
23-M
ay-1
3
Them
bani
M
badl
anya
na
Afr
ica
Day
SA
BC O
nlin
e ht
tp:/
/ww
w.s
abc.
co.z
a/ne
ws/
a/e9
c9a3
004f
bf84
faa5
f9fd
2c80
eaac
98/C
eleb
ratin
g-A
frica
-D
ay-2
0132
505
25-M
ay-1
3
Prof
Phi
ndile
Lu
khel
e-O
loru
nju
Play
ing
the
blam
e ga
me
http
://w
ww
.iedu
catio
n.co
.za/
play
ing-
the-
blam
e-ga
me/
31
-May
-13
Mr
Cha
rl V
an D
er
Mer
we
Act
ive
Citi
zen
Parti
cipa
tion
2.0
– th
e ca
se o
f
http
://w
ww
.pol
ity.o
rg.z
a/ar
ticle
/act
ive-
citiz
en-p
artic
ipat
ion-
20-r
ecom
men
datio
ns-fo
r-so
uth-
afric
a-ju
ly-2
013-
2013
-07-
19.
19-J
ul-1
3
239THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Sout
h A
frica
(co-
auth
ored
with
Pr
of N
arni
a Bo
hler
-Mul
ler)
.
Ms
Yazi
ni A
pril
SA s
houl
d ta
ke
educ
atio
nal l
eaf
from
Bra
zil
ww
w.p
olity
.co.
za
28-A
ug-1
3
Ms
Yazi
ni A
pril
The
2013
G20
Su
mm
it w
as
neve
r Ju
st A
bout
C
urre
ncy
war
s
ww
w.p
olity
.co.
za
11-S
ep-1
3
Even
t Cov
erag
e
SA -
Chi
na
Dip
lom
atic
Re
latio
n at
15
Year
s
http
://w
ww
.info
.gov
.za/
spee
ch/D
ynam
icA
ctio
n?pa
geid
=461
&tid
=121
973
18-S
ep-1
3
Even
t Cov
erag
e
SA -
Chi
na
Dip
lom
atic
Re
latio
n at
15
Year
s
http
://w
ww
.saf
pi.o
rg/n
ews/
artic
le/2
013/
chin
a-so
uth-
afric
a-di
plom
atic
-rel
atio
ns-1
5-ye
ars-
pret
oria
s-vi
ew
19-S
ep-1
3
Even
t Cov
erag
e
SA -
Chi
na
Dip
lom
atic
Re
latio
n at
15
Year
s
http
://w
ww
.dfa
.gov
.za/
docs
/spe
eche
s/20
13/f
rans
0919
.htm
l 19
-Sep
-13
Ms
Ntsa
ko N
kuna
Post-
conf
lict
dem
ocra
tisat
ion
proc
ess
in
Ang
ola
ww
w.p
olity
.co.
za
25-S
ep-1
3
Prof
. Phi
ndile
Lu
khel
e
Phin
dile
Luk
hele
: A
ddre
ss b
y th
e In
terim
CEO
of
http
://w
ww
.pol
ity.o
rg.z
a/ar
ticle
/sa-
phin
dile
-lukh
ele-
addr
ess-
by-th
e-in
terim
-chi
ef-e
xecu
tive-
offic
er-o
f-the
-afri
ca-in
stitu
te-o
f-sou
th-a
frica
-on-
asse
sing
-sou
th-a
frica
--ch
ina-
bila
tera
l-rel
atio
ns-
at-1
5-ye
ars-
depa
rtmen
t-of-i
nter
natio
nal-r
elat
ions
-and
-coo
pera
tion-
pret
oria
-241
0201
3-20
13-
24-O
ct-1
3
240 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
the
Afri
ca
Insti
tute
of S
outh
A
frica
, on
asse
sing
Sou
th
Afri
ca–C
hina
bi
late
ral r
elat
ions
at
15
year
s,
Dep
artm
ent o
f In
tern
atio
nal
Rela
tions
and
C
oope
ratio
n,
Pret
oria
10-2
4
Dr
Barb
ara
K M
asho
pe
Dw
indl
ing
pros
pect
s of
m
ains
tream
ing
Afri
can
tradi
tiona
l m
edic
ine
as a
pu
blic
hea
lth
offe
ring
in S
A
http
://w
ww
.pol
ity.o
rg.z
a/ar
ticle
/dw
indl
ing-
pros
pect
s-of
-mai
nstre
amin
g-af
rican
-trad
ition
al-
med
icin
e-as
-a-p
ublic
-hea
lth-o
fferin
g-in
-sa-
2013
-10-
25
25-O
ct-1
3
Ntsa
ko N
kuna
Th
e str
ateg
ic
impl
icat
ions
of
Chi
na in
Afri
ca
http
://w
ww
.pol
ity.o
rg.z
a/ar
ticle
/the
-stra
tegi
c-im
plic
atio
ns-o
f-chi
na-in
-afri
ca-2
013-
10-3
1 31
-Oct
-13
Book
laun
ch
cove
rage
SA u
rged
to p
ut
Afri
ca a
gend
a fir
st
Engi
neer
ing
New
s ht
tp:/
/ww
w.e
ngin
eerin
gnew
s.co
.za/
artic
le/s
a-ne
eds-
to-p
ut-a
frica
-age
nda-
first-
2013
-11-
01
01
-Nov
-13
Dr
Thok
ozan
i Si
mel
ane
How
to s
olve
the
prob
lem
s th
at
Chi
na r
ight
now
is
faci
ng a
re v
ery
valu
able
for
both
C
hina
and
the
Peop
leD
aily
11
-Nov
-13
241THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Chi
nese
au
dien
ce.
Dr
Sehl
are
Mak
getla
neng
Sout
hern
Afri
can
Cus
tom
s U
nion
’s
plac
e w
ithin
So
uthe
rn A
frica
n re
gion
al
inte
grat
ion
http
://w
ww
.pol
ity.o
rg.z
a/ar
ticle
/sou
ther
n-af
rican
-cus
tom
s-un
ions
-pla
ce-w
ithin
-sou
ther
n-af
rican
-reg
iona
l-int
egra
tion-
2013
-11-
08
08-N
ov-1
3
Feat
ure
artic
le
Gau
teng
ed
ucat
ion
depa
rtmen
t is
goin
g di
gita
l in
the
clas
sroo
m
http
://w
ww
.biz
com
mun
ity.c
om/A
rticl
e/19
6/54
1/10
1309
.htm
l 04
-Oct
-13
Feat
ure
artic
le
Crim
e ha
ndic
ap
hobb
les
SA
http
://w
ww
.tim
esliv
e.co
.za/
thet
imes
/201
3/12
/02/
crim
e-ha
ndic
ap-h
obbl
es-s
a 02
-Nov
-13
Feat
ure
artic
le
Crim
e ha
ndic
ap
hobb
les
SA
http
://w
ww
.pre
ssdi
spla
y.co
m/p
ress
disp
lay/
show
artic
le.a
spx?
artic
le=0
10ee
0a5-
1a17
-444
7-ba
01-9
101a
e4aa
10d
24-O
ct-1
3
Even
t cov
erag
e
Nig
eria
: Pr
emiu
m T
imes
C
olum
nist,
A
desa
nmi,
Nam
ed L
ead
Spea
ker
for
2014
Oba
fem
i A
wol
owo
Sym
posi
um
http
://a
llafri
ca.c
om/s
torie
s/20
1402
1202
64.h
tml
25-F
eb-1
4
Even
t cov
erag
e
AIS
A Y
oung
G
radu
ates
and
Sc
dhol
ars
conf
eren
ceA
YGS)
http
://w
ww
.uj.a
c.za
/EN
/Res
earc
h/N
ewsA
nnou
ncem
ents/
Ann
ounc
emen
ts/Pa
ges/
2014
-02-
19--
-AIS
A-Y
oung
-Gra
duat
es-a
nd-S
chol
ars-
Con
fere
nce-
(AYG
S).a
spx
19-F
eb-1
4
242 THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Even
t cov
erag
e
The
8th
Ann
ual
Afri
ca In
stitu
te o
f So
uth
Afri
ca’s
(A
ISA
) You
ng
Gra
duat
es a
nd
Scho
lars
C
onfe
renc
e (A
YGS)
http
://w
ww
.igd.
org.
za/i
ndex
.php
?opt
ion=
com
_con
tent
&vi
ew=a
rticl
e&id
=745
7 19
-Feb
-14
Even
t cov
erag
e
The
8th
Ann
ual
Afri
ca In
stitu
te o
f So
uth
Afri
ca’s
(A
ISA
) You
ng
Gra
duat
es a
nd
Scho
lars
C
onfe
renc
e (A
YGS)
http
s://
ww
w.w
its.a
c.za
/pro
spec
tive/
inte
rnat
iona
l/ne
wse
vent
s/11
421/
even
ts.ht
ml
19-F
eb-1
4
Even
t cov
erag
e
The
8th
Ann
ual
Afri
ca In
stitu
te o
f So
uth
Afri
ca’s
(A
ISA
) You
ng
Gra
duat
es a
nd
Scho
lars
C
onfe
renc
e (A
YGS
http
://w
ww
.pol
ity.o
rg.z
a/ar
ticle
/8th
-ann
ual-a
frica
-insti
tute
-of-s
outh
-afri
cas-
youn
g-gr
adua
tes-
and-
scho
lars
-con
fere
nce-
at-u
j-201
4-02
-13
19-F
eb-1
4
Even
t cov
erag
e
Cam
pus
parti
cipa
tes
in
the
Afri
can
deba
te
http
://m
afik
engn
ews.
nwu.
ac.z
a/n/
en/1
50
27-F
eb-1
4
Even
t cov
erag
e N
ust f
lies
Zim
fla
g hi
gh
http
://w
ww
.chr
onic
le.c
o.zw
/nus
t-flie
s-zi
m-fl
ag-h
igh/
07
-Mar
-14
Even
t cov
erag
e Th
e 8t
h A
nnua
l ht
tp:/
/ww
w.p
olity
.org
.za/
artic
le/8
th-a
nnua
l-afri
ca-in
stitu
te-o
f-sou
th-a
frica
s- y
oung
-19
-Feb
-14
243THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
Afri
ca In
stitu
te o
f So
uth
Afri
ca’s
(A
ISA
) You
ng
Gra
duat
es a
nd
Scho
lars
C
onfe
renc
e (A
YGS
grad
uate
s-an
d-sc
hola
rs-c
onfe
renc
e-at
-uj-2
014-
02-1
3
Cla
udia
For
ster-
Tow
ne
I'm e
xhau
sted
http
://w
ww
.thou
ghtle
ader
.co.
za/r
eade
rblo
g/20
14/0
2/28
/im
-exh
auste
d/
28-F
eb-1
4
Inte
rns
Pub
lish
ed P
olic
y Br
iefs
NA
ME
Title
Ntsa
ko G
ail N
kuna
Th
e str
ateg
ic im
plic
atio
ns o
f Chi
na in
Afri
ca, P
ublis
hed
in P
olity
.org
.za
on 3
1 O
ctob
er 2
013.
Sello
Mab
unda
Th
e Pr
os a
nd C
ons
of th
e C
rimin
al J
uris
dict
ion
of th
e Pr
opos
ed A
frica
n C
ourt
of J
ustic
e an
d H
uman
Rig
hts,
Pol
icy
brie
f No
98,
Publ
ishe
d at
AIS
A N
ovem
ber
2013
.
Ntsa
ko N
kuna
Th
e Po
st C
onfli
ct D
emoc
ratiz
atio
n pr
oces
s In
Ang
ola’
’ pub
lishe
d 25
Sep
tem
ber
2013
ww
w.p
olity
.org
.za.
The
strat
egic
impl
icat
ions
of C
hina
in A
frica
, Pub
lishe
d in
Pol
ity.o
rg.z
a on
31
Oct
ober
201
3.
Sim
amke
le B
okol
o In
tegr
atin
g em
ploy
men
t cre
atio
n an
d sk
ills
deve
lopm
ent:
the
case
of e
xpan
ded
publ
ic w
orks
pro
gram
mes
in S
outh
Afri
ca.
Brie
fing
No
93. A
ugus
t 201
3, A
ISA
Pre
toria
. Pub
lishe
d, A
ISA.
Mar
vel M
athy
e H
as S
outh
Afri
ca m
anag
ed to
coo
rdin
ate
SAD
C’s
res
pons
e to
Zim
babw
e? S
outh
Afri
ca w
ants
to c
ontri
bute
to th
e re
gion
as
a
partn
er, r
esis
ting
any
pres
sure
or
tem
ptat
ion
to p
ursu
e its
ow
n in
tere
sts a
t the
exp
ense
of t
he r
est o
f Sou
ther
n A
frica
(Nel
son
Man
dela
, 199
3).,
Sept
embe
r 20
13, N
o 95
, AIS
A.
Ann
a Xo
yane
G
over
nmen
t Pol
icie
s th
at p
rom
ote
qual
ity o
f edu
catio
n in
six
SA
DC
cou
ntrie
s (B
otsw
ana,
Les
otho
, Nam
ibia
, Sou
th A
frica
, Za
mbi
a an
d Zi
mba
bwe,
acc
epte
d fo
r Pu
blic
atio
ns in
Afr
ican
Jou
rnal
of S
cien
ce, T
echn
olog
y, In
nova
tion
and
Dev
elop
men
t, M
arch
201
4.
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
NOTES
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
NOTES
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
NOTES
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
NOTES
THE AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA ANNUAL REPORT 2013/ 2014
NOTES
ANNUAL REPORT 2013/2014
AN
NU
AL
REPO
RT
20
13
/2
01
4
Postal addresssP.O. Box 630, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
0001
Physical addressEmbassy House, 1 Bailey Lane, Acardia, Pretoria
South Africa
Tel: +27 12 304 9700, Fax: +27 12 323 8153Email: [email protected]: www.ai.org.za