annual project submitted to the building and …
TRANSCRIPT
Republic of Iraq
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research
University of Technology
Building and Construction Engineering Department
Highway and Bridges Engineering Division
IMPROVEMENT OF COHESIVE SOILS USING WASTE
CRUSHED GLASS
ANNUAL PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION
ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF BSc. SCIENCE IN
BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING
(GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING)
SUBMITTED BY:
ARAM AYOUB DAWOUD
(Building and Construction Engineering Department, 2014)
Supervised by:
Asst. Prof. Dr. Mohammed Abdullateef Al-Neami
Lecturer. Kawther Yali
2013 2014
(01) الآية يونس سورة
يذخر 7.الر ب ي هب الحكمة، ومن فمه ت تدف ق المعرفة والفهم لأن 6﴿ي رعى سبل العدل، ويحافظ 8.للمستقيمين فطنة، وهو ت رس للس الكين بالكمال
﴾ حينئذ تدرك العدل والحق والاستقامة، وكل سبيل صالح 9. طريق أتقيائه على
(9-6:6) أمثال
I
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
"In the name of Allah, the most beneficent, the most
merciful"
First praise be to "Allah" who gave the strength and health
to work and enable to finish this work.
I would like to express my love and respect for my mother's
soul .
And the greatest sincere thanks to my supervisor Asst. Prof.
Dr. Mohammed Abdullateef Al-Neami and Lecturer
kawther yali for their full support, valuable advice,
guidance, and cooperation.
Appreciation to all the staff of the Soil Laboratory in
University of Technology.
Finally, I express my great gratitude to all my friends during
my work.
Aram Ayoub
II
Abstract
Loose sand, soft clays, and organic deposits are often unsuitable for use
in construction due to their less-than-desirable engineering properties.
Traditional methods of stabilizing these soils through in-situ ground
improvement or replacement techniques are costly.
The use of crushed glass in construction projects is gaining in
popularity. Thousands of tons of glass bottles and jars enter landfills each day.
Recycling this glass is an excellent way to reduce waste, lower construction
costs and help the environment.
The present work investigates the effect of recycled crushed glass on
geotechnical properties of cohesive soil brought from Al-Nahrawn City. The
reason of selection this additive return to availability of waste glasses widely
in Iraq in addition to Simplicity to recycle it in crushed form.
Four percentages (2, 4, 6 and 8%) were added to cohesive soil and
before this process; the glass was crushed manually by hammer and sieved to
suit the particle size of soil study.
The results showed that 4 % of crushed glass treat the cohesive soil and
gives more advantage comparing with untreated soil.
Because the behavior of crushed glass that works as a granular
material, the specific gravity and liquid limit were decreased while the plastic
limit increased with increase of additive.
Also, the optimum moisture content decreased while the dry unit weight
increased because the soil became stiff with increasing of additive in the soil.
From the consolidation results, it was found that the compression and
swelling indices were marked low values in soil containing crushed glass.
Finally, the increase of crushed glass percentage in the soil caused
increase in the shear strength due to increase in friction angle and reducing of
cohesion.