animal structure
TRANSCRIPT
Animal StructureAnimal Structure
By: R. Mochammad RidwanBy: R. Mochammad Ridwan
XI SCIENCE 3XI SCIENCE 3
CellsCells
Make up all higher Make up all higher organismsorganisms
They form many types of They form many types of tissues with many tissues with many functionsfunctions
Muscular TissueMuscular Tissue
Tissue that connects and Tissue that connects and allows for movementallows for movement
Muscle TypesMuscle Types
Voluntary: animal can Voluntary: animal can control thesecontrol these
Involuntary: not under Involuntary: not under controlcontrol
HeartHeart
Is a major involuntary Is a major involuntary muscle that pumps blood muscle that pumps blood through the circulatory through the circulatory systemsystem
Connective TissueConnective Tissue
Holds other tissuesHolds other tissuesTendons and ligaments Tendons and ligaments
Nerve TissueNerve Tissue
Transmit information Transmit information through the bodythrough the body
Epithelial TissueEpithelial Tissue
Covering for most internal Covering for most internal and external surfaces of and external surfaces of the body and organsthe body and organs
Fluid TissueFluid Tissue
Ex. BloodEx. Blood
OrgansOrgans
Are groups of tissues that Are groups of tissues that perform complex perform complex functions in the bodyfunctions in the body
Any organ contains 2 or Any organ contains 2 or more tissues more tissues
Internal OrgansInternal Organs
HeartHeart
http://www-medlib.med.utah.edu/WebPath/CVHTML/CV001.html
Internal OrgansInternal Organs
KidneysKidneys
http://www.gen.umn.edu/faculty_staff/jensen/1135/webanatomy/wa_urinary/wa_kidney_picture1.htm
Internal OrgansInternal Organs
StomachStomach
http://ww2.saturn.stpaul.k12.mn.us/kids/HumanBody/Krystlestomach.html
Internal OrgansInternal Organs
Lungs Lungs
http://www.lung.ca/copd/anatomy/normal.html
Internal OrgansInternal Organs
LiverLiver
http://www-medlib.med.utah.edu/WebPath/LIVEHTML/LIVER002.html
Skeletal SystemSkeletal System
Provides form, protection, Provides form, protection, support, and strengthsupport, and strength
With the aid of muscles it With the aid of muscles it allows movementallows movement
The bones store mineralsThe bones store minerals
Skeletal SystemSkeletal System
Bone marrow produces Bone marrow produces blood cellsblood cells
3 componets3 componets
Axial skeleton Axial skeleton Pectoral limbPectoral limbPelvic limbPelvic limb
Axial SkeletonAxial Skeleton
Skull, vertebral column, Skull, vertebral column, and rib cage are the main and rib cage are the main partsparts
Pectoral LimbsPectoral Limbs
Front legs of an animalFront legs of an animal
Pelvic LimbsPelvic Limbs
Hind LegsHind Legs
JointsJoints
Connect different BonesConnect different Bones
–Ball and socketBall and socket
–SlidingSliding
–Hinge Hinge
Circulatory SystemCirculatory System
Heart, capillaries, Heart, capillaries, arteries, lymph glands arteries, lymph glands and veins are the major and veins are the major partsparts
Heart pumps blood Heart pumps blood through the bodythrough the body
Circulatory SystemCirculatory System
Blood leaves the heart Blood leaves the heart through the aortathrough the aorta
Then to smaller arteriesThen to smaller arteriesFinally to very small Finally to very small capillaries which feed the capillaries which feed the bodybody
Circulatory SystemCirculatory System
Nutrients and Oxygen to Nutrients and Oxygen to cellscells
Carbon Dioxide, water Carbon Dioxide, water and waste are taken awayand waste are taken away
Circulatory SystemCirculatory System
From the capillaries it From the capillaries it goes to small veins then goes to small veins then larger veins and finally to larger veins and finally to the heartthe heart
Lymph SystemLymph System
Works with the circulatory Works with the circulatory system to get nutrients to system to get nutrients to the body from the small the body from the small intestines intestines
Nervous SystemNervous System
Transmits information to Transmits information to and form all parts of the and form all parts of the bodybody
Nervous SystemNervous System
2 parts:2 parts:–Central ( brain and Central ( brain and spine)spine)
–Peripheral (nerves that Peripheral (nerves that connect the body to the connect the body to the central)central)
Nervous SystemNervous System
Autonomic Nervous Autonomic Nervous system controls automatic system controls automatic body activities body activities
Uses the 5 senses Uses the 5 senses
Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
Hormones are organic Hormones are organic catalyst that influence catalyst that influence growth, development of growth, development of the body, reproductionthe body, reproduction
Endocrine glandsEndocrine glands
Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
Blood transports Blood transports hormoneshormones
Pancreas, pituitary gland, Pancreas, pituitary gland, ovaries, testicles, adrenal ovaries, testicles, adrenal glands, etcglands, etc
Urinary SystemUrinary System
Kidneys, ureters, bladder, Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethraurethra
Blood passes through the Blood passes through the kidneys and waste and kidneys and waste and some water is filtered outsome water is filtered out
Urinary SystemUrinary System
Then the waste moves Then the waste moves through the ureters to the through the ureters to the bladder where it is storedbladder where it is stored
Then through the urethra Then through the urethra as urine and out the bodyas urine and out the body
Urinary SystemUrinary System
Poultry have no urethra or Poultry have no urethra or bladderbladder
Goes out cloaca with the Goes out cloaca with the fecesfeces
Respiratory SystemRespiratory System
Muscles pull air in and outMuscles pull air in and outAir goes in the nose or Air goes in the nose or mouth to the pharynx, mouth to the pharynx, then to the trachea to the then to the trachea to the lungslungs
Respiratory SystemRespiratory System
Lungs contain alveoli Lungs contain alveoli This is where oxygen is This is where oxygen is exchanged for carbon exchanged for carbon dioxidedioxide
Respiratory SystemRespiratory System
Also helps regulate temp.Also helps regulate temp.Makes sound using the Makes sound using the larynxlarynx
Muscular System Muscular System
Works with the skeletal Works with the skeletal system to support, form system to support, form and move the bodyand move the body
Muscular SystemMuscular System
3 kinds of muscle3 kinds of muscle
–Striated Striated
–SmoothSmooth
–Cardiac Cardiac
Growth in LivestockGrowth in Livestock
Divided into 3 phasesDivided into 3 phases
–Zygote: fertilized eggZygote: fertilized egg
–EmbryoEmbryo
–FetalFetal
ZygoteZygote
While it moves to the While it moves to the uterusuterus
Attaches to uterine wallAttaches to uterine wallCell division takes placeCell division takes place
Embryo Embryo
This is when placenta This is when placenta formsforms
Tissues begin to Tissues begin to differentiatedifferentiate
Controlled by DNA Controlled by DNA
FetusFetus
End of embryo phase-End of embryo phase-birthbirth
Organs develop and size Organs develop and size increasesincreases
FetusFetus
Kidneys, heart, central Kidneys, heart, central nervous system and liver nervous system and liver develop 1develop 1stst
Skeleton and muscles Skeleton and muscles develop laterdevelop later
Poultry EmbryoPoultry Embryo
After laid it is kept After laid it is kept between 70-80between 70-80oo..
Stops cell divisionStops cell division11stst 48 hours get blood 48 hours get blood flowing from embryo and flowing from embryo and yolkyolk
Structure of MeatStructure of Meat
MeatMeat
Consist of muscle, fat, Consist of muscle, fat, bone and connective bone and connective tissuetissue
Most is striated skeletal Most is striated skeletal musclemuscle
Meat Meat
Smooth muscle Smooth muscle composes internal organscomposes internal organs
Combinations of muscle Combinations of muscle are called visceral are called visceral musclesmuscles
MeatMeat
The more connective The more connective tissue in the meat the less tissue in the meat the less tender it istender it is
70% water70% water20% protein20% protein
Color of meatColor of meat
Caused by the amount of Caused by the amount of myoglobinmyoglobin
Age, storing, packing, Age, storing, packing, time exposed to air all time exposed to air all effect coloreffect color