Android vs iOSBy Mohammad Daraghmeh

Jack DeGonzaque

● Android○ History

● Samsung S6○ System Architecture○ Processor○ Performance Metrics

● iOS○ History

● iPhone 6○ System Architecture○ Processor○ Performance Metrics

● Samsung S6 vs iPhone 6

AGENDA

Android

Android History● The Android OS was created mainly by three amazing people Andy Rubin, Rich Miner,

Nick Sears, and Chris White.

○ Initial development for the OS was to create an operating system for digital cameras and PC integration.

○ After gauging the size of the market for such a product, Rubin and his colleagues decided to target the booming smartphone market.

● In 2005, Google also wanted to venture into the smartphone market and did so by acquiring Android Inc.

○ The primary directive was to develop technologies that are developed and distributed at a significantly lower cost to make it more accessible.

○ In 2008, the first Android running smartphone, the HTC Dream, was released.

Android History (Cont.)

● The Android operating system has become one of the most popular operating systems.

○ According to research firm, called Gartner, more than a billion Android devices were sold in 2014, which is roughly five times more than Apple iOS devices sold and three times more Windows machines sold.

● Their attribute to success stems from the fact that Google does not charge for Android, and that most phone manufacturers are making cost effective phones, which results in affordable smartphones and internet services at low costs for consumers to enjoy.

SAMSUNG GALAXY S6

System Architecture● Samsung S6 uses the Exynos 7420 processor, which is

developed by Samsung as well.

○ The Exynos 7420 is a 78 mm^2 SoC comprised of 8 cores connected to two L2 cache instances.

○ One of the most notable features of the Exynos 7420 is that it uses 14 nm FinFET LEP process.

○ FinFET, also known as Fin Field Effect Transistor is a type of non-planar or "3D" transistor used in the design of modern processors.

○ FinFET process, transistor sizes can decrement, which would inherently raise concerns regarding current leakage and short-channel drawbacks.

○ The FinFET process avoids these undesirable side-effects due to its fin-like architecture design.

The A57 CPUs and the shader cores are by far the two greatest power consuming components on the SoC.

Having the two as far away from each other keeps hot spots at a minimum.

ProcessorExynos 7420

Processor (Cont.)

● A57 cluster and A53 clusters comprise the ARM big.Little architecture to improve energy efficiency.

● Connected together by the Cache Coherent Interconnect (CCI).● Large tasks handled by A57 cluster. Small tasks handled by A53 cluster.

Performance Metrics

● When comparing the Exynos processor and a similar class processor, the Snapdragon 810, the Exynos outperforms by far.

● The unique feature that sets the Exynos apart from the Snapdragon 810 is the manufacturing process. The Exynos processor was created using a 14-nm manufacturing process while the Snapdragon 810 was created using a 20-nm manufacturing process.

● Samsung reported that when compared to the 20-nm chipsets, the Exynos 7420 proved to be 30-35% more energy-efficient, show 20% better performance and 30% increase in productivity.

iOS

Apple History● The iPhone OS operating system first debuted at the MacWorld Conference & Expo on

January 9th, 2007.

● Apple originally used PowerPC processors for their other products, such as the macs and MacBook’s. PowerPC, which stands for Performance Optimization with Enhanced RISC-Performance Computing, a RISC instruction set architecture.

○ In 2005, Steve Jobs announced a transition to Intel x86 processors at the Worldwide Developers Conference.

Apple iPhone 6

System Architecture● iPhone 5S with the A7 processor included 4 DRAM interfaces,CPU with L1 and L2

cache, an SRAM block, and 4 GPU cores. The A7 processor size is 102 mm2. The A7 is a dual core processor that resides on the left side of the layout.

● iPhone 6 with the A8 processor had the most notable difference in the layout compared to the A7 chip with the GPU and CPU have switched locations. ○ The A8 processor is approximately 51% smaller than the A7.

○ The A8 processor also holds over 1 billion more transistors compared to the A7.

○ The A7 processor was produced using a 28nm processes. The A8 processor was created using a 20nm process.

● The primary functionality for the 4 MB SRAM cache memory block A8 serviced the GPU and CPU. The SRAM block plays an integral role in serving larger memory requests without having to go off the chip to fetch memory.

Processors● The iPhone 6 uses a processor designed by Apple, called the A8.

○ The A8 is a 64-bit Arm based System on a Chip (SoC) that showed massive

improvements in comparison to its predecessor, the A7.

○ The A8 is manufactured on a 20nm process by Taiwan Semiconductor

Manufacturing Company (TSMC).

○ The chip itself contains 2 billion transistors.

○ The recent advancements in decreasing transistor size made the A8’s physical

size 13% smaller compared to the A7.

○ The A8 SoC has a per-core L1 cache of 64 KB for data

and 64 KB for instructions, a 1 MB L2 cache shared by

CPU cores and a 4 MB L3 cache that is used by the entire SoC.

Processor (Cont.)

● On the iPhone 6, the A8 processor is also accompanied by a motion coprocessor, called the M7.

● The purpose of the M7 processor is to continuously collect sensor data. The sensors the processor collects data from the iPhone’s accelerometer, gyroscope, and compass. ○ The primary role for having two processors was to reduce power consumption.

● If the A8 processor was solely tasked for all computations and data collection, the processor would continuously be awake and running.

● The M7 processor allows for background monitoring and sensor data collection with minimal penalty with respect to power consumption. ○ The M7 processor is also created using a 90-nm process.

Performance Metrics

● The A8 processor is clocked at 1.4 GHz while the A7 is clocked at 1.3 GHz.

○ The most noticeable improvement between processors is the latency for floating point addition and integer multiplication.

○ It takes one less clock cycle for the A8 to process both floating point addition and integer

multiplication respectively.

● With similar resource availability, integer operation tests were performed on using over twenty different programs.

○ The A8 processor shows massive improvements in throughput for low level program tests, such as Dijkstra.

○ Based on the performed integer tests, the A8 processor had a 14.5% advantage for integer operations compared to the A7.

Antutu Performance Benchmarks

● iPhone 6 - better at single core operations

● Design takes advantage of its single core strengths.

● S6 - better at multi-core operations

● Design takes advantage of its multi-core strengths.

Which is better?

● iPhone 6○ Closed loop; integration with other Apple products○ App Store○ Simplistic interface○ Market strategies and branding

● Samsung Galaxy S6○ Open Source development○ Google Play○ No middle man between developers and consumers○ Cost effective○

● Other factors not discussed:○ Battery life, screen resolution, brand loyalty, and even accessories

A matter of preference

Sources● http://www.macworld.com/article/1054769/smartphones/iphone.html● https://gigaom.com/2010/06/07/419-deja-vu-apples-new-ios-brand-is-already-used-by-cisco/● http://www.theverge.com/2013/4/16/4230468/android-originally-designed-for-cameras-before-smartphones● http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/28/technology/personaltech/a-murky-road-ahead-for-android-despite-market-dominance.html?_r=0● http://www.openhandsetalliance.com/press_110507.html● http://gizmodo.com/5053264/t-mobile-g1-full-details-of-the-htc-dream-android-phone● http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2005/06/06Apple-to-Use-Intel-Microprocessors-Beginning-in-2006.html● http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2014/09/09Apple-Announces-iPhone-6-iPhone-6-Plus-The-Biggest-Advancements-in-iPhone-History.html● http://www.extremetech.com/computing/189787-apples-a8-soc-analyzed-the-iphone-6-chip-is-a-2-billion-transistor-20nm-monster● http://www.anandtech.com/show/8554/the-iphone-6-review/3● http://www.phonearena.com/news/Apple-iPhone-6-Apple-A8-performance-review-CPU-and-GPU-compared-to-the-best-Android-phones-o

ut-there_id60932● http://www.anandtech.com/show/8562/chipworks-a8● http://www.anandtech.com/show/7335/the-iphone-5s-review/8● http://www.anandtech.com/show/7335/the-iphone-5s-review/8● http://www.phonearena.com/news/Technology-explained-inside-the-Exynos-7-Octa-7420-Samsungs-best-chipset-yet_id67278● http://www.anandtech.com/show/9330/exynos-7420-deep-dive/2● http://www.phonearena.com/news/Preliminary-Snapdragon-810-vs-Exynos-7420-benchmarks-show-Qualcomm-made-the-faste

r-SoC---with-caveats_id65973● http://www.phonearena.com/news/Samsung-Galaxy-S6-Exynos-7420-vs-HTC-One-M9-Snapdragon-810-vs-iPhone-6-Apple-A8-performan

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