an introduction to vsparticle - unece wiki
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Roeland Dijkema, MScBrussels, 3rd of April 2019
Sub 20 nm generation of soot particles using the VSP-G1 nanoparticle generator
![Page 3: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
CONFIDENTIAL
AgendaTopic
Company1
Introduction2
Technology3
Particle deposition4
Results5
Summary6
![Page 4: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Philosophy
We make machines that produce nanostructured materials. Our philosophy is that these machines should be simple to operate and based on a scalable principle.
VSPARTICLE
Accessories G-1 NMP-1G-1
~ 40 cm
Introduction
![Page 6: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
VSPARTICLE timeline Introduction
2014
Start of VSPARTICLE,
development of the G1
2017
3 Launching
customers
Full management
team covering all
angles of business
2018
International expansion to
research oriented
markets in the Americas,
Europe and Asia
1988
Invention of spark
ablation by Andreas
Schmidt-Ott
![Page 7: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
#REENGINEERResearch 1-300 Hz ~ milligramsIndustry 10.000-25.000 Hz ~ 100s milligrams
![Page 8: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
TechnologySpark ablation
Technology
• Ablation/evaporation andcondensation
• Electric discharge
≈ 104 K, ≈10-5 s
• Rapid quench
≈ 107 K s-1
• ‘Mild’ conditions
• Versatility• Metals
• Carbon
• Oxides
• Alloys[Schwyn 1988, J. Aerosol Sci., 19 (5), p.639.]
![Page 9: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
How particle growth works in the system
The process takes place under atmospheric conditions
Particle Production inside G1
Technology
![Page 10: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
TechnologyParticle formation in sparks
[Feng et al. 2016, J. Phys. Chem. C., 120 (1), p. 621.][Tabrizi et al. 2009, J. Nanopart. Res., 11 (2), p. 315]
• Smoluchowski:d 𝑁
d 𝑡= −
1
2𝛽𝑁2
𝑑𝑝 ∝ 𝑁−1
3
• Controlled through voltage, current and flow
𝑁0 ∝ሶ𝑚
𝑄∝
𝑈 𝐼
𝑄
𝑡 =𝑉
𝑄
𝑑𝑝 ∝𝑉 ሶ𝑚
𝑄2
13
![Page 11: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Possibilities with G1Materials
Technology
![Page 12: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
CONFIDENTIAL
VSP-G1 designFlexible flow configurations
![Page 13: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ResultsVSP-G1 designFlexible flow configurations
![Page 14: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
VSP-G1 designAu, Ar, Crossflow
Results
0
1
2
3
4
1 10 100
dN
+ /d
log
dp
[cm
-3]
×10
7
Particle size [nm]
Throughflowcrossflowhollow inlethollow outlet
Ag, 1.7kV, 4 mA, 4 slm
- Tuneable size distribution
- Crossflow highestconcentration
- Throughflow smallest meandiameter
![Page 15: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Material: Copper
Carrier Gas: Argon
Flowrate: 1 L/min
Voltage: 1.0 kV
Current: 5.0 mA
Stability of 5 nm particles
StDev: <2%
Measured with DMA (DifferentialMobility Analyzer) + Electrometer & FD/C
Size-selected stabilityOutput VSP-G1 example
Results
![Page 16: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Size-selected stability measurementStability measurement
Results
µ, σ
Warm up Measurement
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
0E+0
1E+5
2E+5
3E+5
4E+5
5E+5
6E+5
0 500 1000 1500
Gap
Vol
tage
[kV]
Part
icle
cou
nt [c
m-3
]
Time [s]
Particle Count Voltage setpoint Gap Voltage
σ=3.4%
σ=1.5%
σ=1.7%σ=1.3%
![Page 17: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
VSP-G1 emission experimentsCarbon output
Results
0,00E+00
1,00E+05
2,00E+05
3,00E+05
4,00E+05
5,00E+05
6,00E+05
7,00E+05
8,00E+05
9,00E+05
0,01 0,02 0,03 0,04 0,05 0,06 0,07 0,08 0,09 0,1
CO
NC
EN
TR
AT
ION
(#
/CM
3)
PARTICLE SIZE (UM)
1.3 kV, 8 mA, 20 SLM 1.3 kV, 8 mA, 15 SLM 1.3 kV, 8 mA, 10 SLM 1.3 kV, 8 mA, 5 SLM 1.3 kV, 8 mA, 2 SLM
![Page 18: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Carbon output
ResultsVSP-G1 emission experiments
![Page 19: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
CONFIDENTIAL
Who is already using itSome of our customers
![Page 20: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
• R&D scale generator
• Commercially available
• Outputs an aerosol of nanoparticles
• Specifications:
• Particle size between few atoms to 300 nm
• Particle generation rate approx. 1 ~ 10 mg/h
• Particle concentration 108 ~ 1011 cm-3
VSP-G1 Nanoparticle Generator
![Page 21: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Thank you!
The VSPARTICLE team
![Page 22: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Carbon output(Dekati Elpi+)
![Page 24: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Spark ablation Setup Technology
![Page 25: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
- Self-charging in plasma
- Electrostatic precipitation
- Electrostatic force towards HV Electrode
- Small particles overpresented
Self-chargingNo neutralizer in setup
Results
Tabrizi et al. 2015
![Page 26: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Flow configurationInfluence on Size distribution
Results
0
1
2
3
4
1 10 100
dN
+ /d
log
dp
[cm
-3]
×10
7
Particle size [nm]
Throughflowcrossflowhollow inlethollow outlet
Ag, 1.7kV, 4 mA, 4 slm
- Tuneable size distribution
- Crossflow highest
concentration
- Throughflow smallest mean
diameter
![Page 27: An introduction to VSParticle - UNECE Wiki](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012501/617a376915907903080f3067/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
FlowrateInfluence on size distribution
Results
- At highest flowrate only
primary particles
- Dilution at higher flowrate
- Current, Voltage Influence
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
1 10
Raw
Counts
(#/c
c)
Dp (nm)
Size distributions (Throughflow, Au, 1kV, 5mA)
1.5 SLPM
3.3 SLPM
6.6 SLPM
10 SLPM
15 SLPM