an error analysis on analytical exposition texts … filethe causes of errors on analytical...

perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id

commit to user

AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXTS

WRITTEN BY THE FIRST YEAR STUDENTS OF ENGLISH

EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF TEACHER TRAINING AND

EDUCATION FACULTY, SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2015/2016

ABDUL KHOHARI

K2208054

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

2016


commit to user

ii

AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXTS

WRITTEN BY THE FIRST YEAR STUDENTS OF ENGLISH

EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF TEACHER TRAINING AND

EDUCATION FACULTY, SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2015/2016

THESIS

By:

ABDUL KHOHARI

K2208054

Submitted to the Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret

University to Fulfill One of the Requirements for Obtaining the

Undergraduate Degree of English Education

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

2016


commit to user

iii


commit to user

iv


commit to user

v

APPROVAL OF THE THESIS EXAMINERS

This thesis has been examined by the Board Thesis Examiners of English

Education Department and approved as a partial fulfillment of the requirements

for obtaining the Undergraduate Degree of English Education.

Day :

Date :

The Board of Thesis Examiners Signature

1. Chairman: Drs. Muh. Asrori, M.Pd

NIP 196010151987021001 (………………)

2. Secretary: Dewi Cahyaningrum, S.Pd. M.Pd.

NIP 1988032320130201 (………………)

3. Examiner I: Drs. Martono, M.A.

NIP 196003011988031004 (………………)

4. Examiner II: Kristiandi, S.S., M.A.

NIP 197707202001121001 (………………)

Teacher Training and Education Faculty

Sebelas Maret University

The Dean,

Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd

NIP 19610124 198702 1 001


commit to user

vi

MOTTO

“The secret of life, though, is to fall seven times and to get up eight times”

(Paulo Coelho, The Alchemist)

“A friend should always underestimate your virtues and an enemy overestimates

your faults”

(Mario Puzo, The Godfather)


commit to user

vii

DEDICATION

This work is dedicated to:

My beloved parents

My brothers

Friends of mine


commit to user

viii

ABSTRACT

Abdul Khohari. K2208054. AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON ANALYTICAL

EXPOSITION TEXTS WRITTEN BY THE FIRST YEAR STUDENTS OF

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF TEACHER TRAINING AND

EDUCATION FACULTY, SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY IN THE

ACADEMIC YEAR 2015/2016. A Thesis, Teacher Training and Education

Faculty of Sebelas Maret University Surakarta, 2016.

This research aims at knowing: (1) the types of errors on analytical

exposition texts, (2) the percentage of errors on analytical exposition texts, and (3)

the causes of errors on analytical exposition texts written by the first year students

of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty,

Sebelas Maret University in the academic year 2015/2016.

The method used in this research is descriptive method. The research was

carried out to the first year students of English Education Department of Teacher

Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret University in the academic year

2015/2016 in March 2016. From the population, there were 22 students taken as

the sample by using simple random sampling. In collecting the data, the writer

used writing test of analytical exposition text. The data are analyzed by using

error analysis procedure which consists of: collecting the data, identifying errors

from the students’ work, describing and classifying the errors based on the errors

types, explaining errors based on their sources, and evaluating errors.

The result of the study shows that the errors made by the students based

on surface category taxonomy fall into the category of omission error, addition

error, misformation error, and misordering error. The writer found 101 total errors

consisting of 50 omission errors or 49.50% of total errors, 29 misformation errors

or 28.71% of total errors, 18 addition errors or 17.82% of total errors, and 4

misordering errors or 3.96% of total errors. Omission error is the most frequent

errors made by the students. It is followed by misformation error, addition error,

and the last is misordering error.

The factors causing errors made by the first year students of English

Education Department are: (1) interlingual transfer which is caused by the

interference of their mother tongue, (2) Intralingual transfer which is a negative

transfer within the target language. Thus, the teacher should minimize the cause of

errors by considering those causes and trying to overcome students’ problems in

writing.

Keywords: error analysis, surface category taxonomy, analytical exposition text


commit to user

ix

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin. Praise and thanks to Allah SWT that gives

strengths and His blessing to the writer so that he can finish his study. In this

occasion, the writer would like to express his deepest gratitude and appreciation to

the followings:

1. Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd, the Dean of Teacher Training and

Education Faculty.

2. Teguh Sarosa, S.S., M.Hum, the Head of the English Education

Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty.

3. Drs. Martono, M.A, as the writer’s first consultant for his guidance,

suggestions and advices.

4. Kristiandi, S.S., M.A., as the writer’s second consultant for his

guidance, suggestions and advices.

5. Ardan Cahya Terra Dewanto, the first year student of English

Education Department, for his help in connecting the writer to the

subject of his research.

6. Novia Ardishanti, the first year student of English Education

Department, for her help in connecting the writer to the subject of his

research.

7. All the first year students of English Education Department who were

involved in this research.

8. His beloved parents, for their prayers, supports, and motivations.

9. His brothers, for their supports.

10. His friends, especially in English Education Department 2008.

11. His family of SEA

The writer realizes that this thesis is still far from being perfect. He

invites every constructive comment and suggestion. Hopefully, this thesis will be

useful for the readers.

Surakarta, April 2016

Abdul Khohari


commit to user

x

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

TITLE .............................................................................................................. ii

PRONOUNCEMENT ...................................................................................... iii

APPROVAL OF THE CONSULTANTS ....................................................... iv

APPROVAL OF THE BOARD EXAMINERS ............................................. v

MOTTO .......................................................................................................... vi

DEDICATION ................................................................................................ vii

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... viii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................................. ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................ x

LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................... xii

LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................. xiii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Research ................................................ 1

B. Problem Identification ......................................................... 3

C. Problem Limitation .............................................................. 4

D. Problem Statement ............................................................... 4

E. Objectives of the Research .................................................. 4

F. The Benefit of Research ...................................................... 5

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED THEORY

A. Writing ................................................................................. 6

1. The Nature of Writing .................................................... 6

2. The Purpose of Writing .................................................. 7

3. The Kinds of Writing ..................................................... 8

4. The Process of Writing .................................................. 9

5. The Problems of Writing ............................................... 10

B. Analytical Exposition .......................................................... 12

1. Definition of Analytical Exposition ............................... 12

2. Generic Structure of Analytical Exposition ................... 12


commit to user

xi

3. Language Features of Analytical Exposition ................. 13

4. Example of Analytical Exposition ................................. 13

C. Error Analysis ...................................................................... 15

1. The differences Between Error and Mistake ................. 15

2. The Nature of Error Analysis ......................................... 15

3. The Types of Error ......................................................... 16

4. The Sources of Error ...................................................... 20

5. The Procedure of Error Analysis ................................... 21

6. The Significance of Error Analysis ............................... 22

CHAPTER II RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. Method of the Research ....................................................... 24

B. Place and Time of the Research ........................................... 24

C. Subject of the Research ........................................................ 25

1. Population ...................................................................... 25

2. Sample ........................................................................... 25

3. Sampling ........................................................................ 25

D. Technique of Collecting Data .............................................. 26

E. Technique of Analyzing Data .............................................. 27

CHAPTER IV RESULT OF THE STUDY

A. Identifying the Errors ........................................................... 28

B. Classifying, Explaining and Evaluating the Errors .............. 28

C. Describing the Frequency of Errors ..................................... 36

D. Analyzing Based on the Source of Errors ............................ 39

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION, AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusion ........................................................................... 42

B. Implication ........................................................................... 43

C. Suggestion ............................................................................ 43

BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................... 45

APPENDICES ................................................................................................ 47


commit to user

xii

LIST OF TABLES

Page

Table 4.1. The Distribution of the Types of Errors ......................................... 37

Table 4.2. The Percentage of the Types of Errors ........................................... 37

Table 4.3. The Distribution of Subtypes of Addition Errors .......................... 38

Table 4.4. The Percentage of Subtypes of Addition Errors ............................ 38

Table 4.5. The distribution of Subtypes of Misformation Errors .................... 39

Table 4.6. The Percentage of Subtypes of Misformation Errors ..................... 39


commit to user

xiii

LIST OF APPENDICES

Page

Appendix 1. List of the Population .................................................................. 48

Appendix 2. Sample of the Population ............................................................ 50

Appendix 3. Writing Test Instrument .............................................................. 51

Appendix 4. Students’ Worksheet .................................................................. 52

Appendix 5. Examples of Students’ Errors ..................................................... 67

Appendix 6. Legalizations .............................................................................. 70

an error analysis on analytical exposition texts … filethe causes of errors on analytical...

Documents