AN AWARENESS ON THE

METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING

école international school Digana, Sri

Lanka R.Subasinghe 4th July 2014

WHY AWARENESS ?

TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS [improving the quality of teaching learning process improves the quality of the school too.]

How do we learn?1 2

34

Aim:

- not to give KNOWLEDGE but ,to create an AWARENESS

Psychology in the Modern Classroom

What is Psychology?

‘study of the soul’ – Aristotle

Freudian Psychology influencedall areas in SIGMOND FREUD (1856—1939) modern human life

‘Conscious’ ‘Subconscious’ division of the mind

Krashen: Learning is a conscious activity Acquisition is a subconscious activity

Freudian Psychology - normal behavior

- abnormal behavior Words used in modern language

conscious, sub-conscious, neurotic, psychotic, catharsis, psychosomatic, phobia, mania, sadism, masochism, perversion, narcissism, obsession, inferiority etc.

BehaviorismJB Watson

Skinner, Pavlov, Thorndike

• Psychology is the study of human behavior • behaviour is responding to external stimuli

(environment). • Highly objective and scientific• Experimented only with animals • Rejected the terms like ‘consciousness’ as

having no meaning

Behaviour is responding to stmuli (environment) .

Behaviorism Experimented with animals Pavlov

Experimented with animals Skinner

cognitive psychologists= the memory system as an active organized processor of information

Activities as mental processes

Behaviorists Psychology = the study of behavior Responding to stimuli (Environment )

Cognitive Psychologists

Study on: inner processes in mind NOT: reactions to environment

Gestalt Psychology

The ‘whole’ ? or ‘parts’?

It is the ‘whole’ which is perceived, not its ‘parts’.

The ‘Whole’ and the ‘Parts’

1

2insights

3

Lev Vygotsky1896- 1934

• cultural practices and language on universal cognitive processes.

• acquisition of knowledge is dependent on previous learning, as well as adult guidance or peer collaboration. • Zone of Proximal Development

Zone of proximal development -Vygotsky

- =

Problem solving with

adult guidance or with peer influence

Individual problem solving

Learning

Knowledge is constructed in groups, as societies, not as

individuals.

Social Constructivism

Abraham Maslow A human being as a

‘Self Actualizer’

Humanistic Psychologists

Hierarchy of Needs - Maslow

Deficit Needs

Being Need

Hierarchy of Needs - Maslow

Deficit Needs

Being Need

‘ Life Force ’ as the guiding force in the Classroom

- Gestalt Psychology - Humanistic Psychology

‘ Life Force ’ and Emotions in the Classroom’

Carl Rogers

Number 6 of his 19 propositions (1951)

6. The organism has one basic tendency and striving - to actualize, maintain and enhance the experiencing organism.

Teacher as a facilitator “I know I cannot teach anyone anything; I can only provide an environment in which s/he can learn them.” -Carl Rogers

Classroom: Teacher towards the students:

Three basic ‘Humanistic’ attitudes a teacher could adopt towards a student:

1. unconditional acceptance 2. empathy3. genuineness

Let ‘him’ be ‘him ’!Let ‘her’ be ‘her ’!

Facilitate them to be what they want to be

(not what others want them to be! )

Social Learning TheoryAlbert Bandura

We learn by imitating others .

1961 ‘Bobo doll experiment’ Albert Bandura

Daniel Goleman

Intelligence ? or Emotions ? IQ ? or EQ ?

I.Q.=Intelligence Quotient

Indiscipline can be successfully handled when students are allowed opportunities to share their emotions and feelings with one another. - Daniel Goleman

Modern Classroom- Students discover knowledge

- Students acquire (not learn) skills and attitudes

- centred on students’ thinking not on teacher ’s thinking or teacher’s lesson plan

- students ‘negotiate meaning’

Modern Classroom- Emphasis is on emotional involvement not on intelligence

- Teachers need not ‘teach’. (?)

- Groupwork/ Pair work

Modern Classroom- Teacher talk less/ Student talk more

– not the teacher’s one way ‘communication’

Summary 1. Freudian Psychology 2. Behaviourism3. Gestaltism 4. Cognitive Psychologists5. Social Constructivism6. Humanistic Psychology7. Social Learning Theory (Albert Bandura)8. Emotional Intelligence (Daniel Golemen)

behaviourism

Freudian psychology

Gestaltism

Cognitive Psychologists

Humanistic Psychology

Social construct ivism

Social Learning Theory

How do we learn?1 2

3 4

The End école international school,Digana 27 June/ 4 July 2014

R.Subasinghe

Participant Contributions?

questions? insights?

experiences ? additions?

objections? etc. etc. `

école international School , Digana, Kandy, Sri Lanka

R.Subasinghe 4th July 2014

Discussion Time

Is it a cloud ........ ?

Is it a ........ ?

Is it a ........ ?

Is it a ........ ?

Is it a flower ?

Are they clouds ?

This powerpoint presentation contains the contents of the seminar mentioned here.