amsterdam model united nations delegate...
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Amsterdam Model United Nations
Delegate Booklet
AUCMUN 2018
13th - 15th of April
Amsterdam University College
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Amsterdam University College Model United Nations March 1, 2018
Dear MUN enthusiasts,
Once again, we are pleased to announce that Amsterdam University College will be hosting a Model United Nations conference in the setting of this multicultural, energetic and charming city. As the Secretary-General this year, it is my pleasure to announce that we are opening more spots and creating more committees than last year with the aim of inviting more of you MUN-enthusiasts to Amsterdam.
At AUCMUN ’18, we will be discussing the most urgent, earth-havocking crises in all the
corners of the world, including the humanitarian disaster in Yemen, the need for
protection of ethnic minorities like the Rohingya Muslims, and the continued tensions
over the North Korean nuclear programme.
Through this conference, we hope to promote cultural empathy, deep understanding of
international affairs, and an attitude that surpasses power politics and looks towards
diplomatic conversation and conflict resolution instead.
We believe in that AUCMUN will contribute to bolstering our youth’s power to think of
creative solutions, to develop leadership skills, to stress the values of empathy and
tolerance, and we invite all of you, MUN veterans and youngsters alike, to join our
conference.
I look forward to hearing you all fervently debate and help build a better world, inside and
outside your committees. See you in April.
Yours Sincerely,
Ruth del Pino Bleijerveld Secretary-General Amsterdam University College Model United Nations 2018
Ruth del Pino Bleijerveld SECRETARY-GENERAL
Mikela Koressi DEPUTY SECRETARY-GENERAL
Femke Jansen HEAD OF PUBLIC RELATIONS
Renske Schouwink HEAD OF LOGISTICS
Tijana Istochka HEAD OF FINANCES
Aisha Erenstein PRESIDENT OF THE GENERAL
ASSEMBLY
AUCMUN
Science Park 113
1098 XG Amsterdam
Nederland
Te. +31 (0)6 80 14 76 14
Visit us at: www.aucmun.nl
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Table of Contents Word of Welcome ………………………………………………………….……………..……...…………………….2
About AUCMUN …………………………………………………………..…..………………………………………4
Conference Schedule ……………………………………………………………………………………………….…..5
Maps and Floor Plans…………………………………………………………………………………………………...6
Social Program ……………………………………………………………………………………………….………...7
Exploring Amsterdam (hostels, popular restaurants, hotspots)……………………………………..…………….…10
The Structure of the United Nations………………………………………………………………………………….13
Committees & Topics
General Assembly:
Disarmament Commission………………………………………..………………………………15
Legal Committee…………………………………………………………………...……………...16
Special Political and Decolonisation Committee……………………………..…………………..17
Environmental Committee………………………………………………………………………………….18
(Crisis) Security Council…………………………………………………………………………..………...19
Economic and Social Council…………………………………………………………………………….....20
Human Rights Council………………………………………………………………...............................…...21
Committee on Drugs and Crime………………………………………………………………………........22
Rules of Procedure ……………………………………………………………………………………………….........23
Position Papers………………………………………………………………………………………………………...46
Resolutions…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….49
Our Partners and Sponsors…………………………………………………………………………………………...50
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About AUCMUN
Amsterdam University College (AUC) is a joint project by the University of Amsterdam (UvA) and the Vrije
Universiteit Amsterdam (VU) that offers a three year bachelor in the Liberal Arts and Sciences. At AUC, students are
provided with an interdisciplinary education with a focus on Sciences, Social Sciences or Humanities. AUC is
characterised by the diverse community present at the college, the flexible nature of the program and the small-sized
classes which inspire fruitful debate. Having received a bachelor from AUC, students are prepared for international
careers as global citizens.
At AUC, debating is a common interest. Thus, AUC Model United Nations was established to provide a platform
where students learn the protocol of UN-style debates and interact with other students with similar interest in conflict
resolution and diplomacy. This year, AUCMUN we will hold its third conference, consisting of about 215 delegates, as
well as Chairs, a press team, and staff from all around the world. It is open to all experience levels, whether advanced
or beginner. The conference is held in English and will discuss current events in fields varying from conflict in the
Middle East, to environmental sustainability, to human rights and socio-economic opportunities. Participants
represent the opinion of a specific country to which they are assigned and debate the topic previously prepared in their
committees.
AUCMUN takes place in the beautiful and cosmopolitan city of Amsterdam in the Netherlands. The conference venue
is the Amsterdam University College Academic Building. Located in Science Park, in the Watergraafsmeer
neighbourhood of Amsterdam, the Academic Building is particularly remarkable for its sustainable design. Its roof is
covered with grass to provide additional isolation. Moreover, 116 solar panels were installed in 2016 to generate
electricity for day-to-day activities. The building is characterised by its modern design, its high ceilings, and several
project rooms for small collaborative team work. Additionally, the building is a five-minute walk from the nearest
train station, and only eight minutes by train from Amsterdam Central Station.
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Amsterdam University College Model United Nations
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REGISTRATION
REGISTRATION
PREPARATION SESSION
OPENING CEREMONY
BORREL AT BAR BASQUIAT
COMMITTEE SESSIONS
COMMITTEE SESSIONS
COMMITTEE SESSIONS
COMMITTEE SESSIONS
CLOSING CEREMONY
COMMITTEE SESSIONS
COMMITTEE SESSIONS
COMMITTEE SESSIONS
DINNER AT OERKNAL
PUB CRAWL
COFFEE BREAK COFFEE BREAK
COFFEE BREAK
LUNCH BREAK LUNCH BREAK
CITY CENTER TOUR
Schedule
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Map of Amsterdam East
Floor Plan Academic Building
1.01: Disarmament Committee 1.02: Legal Committee 1.03: Special Political and Decolonisation Committee 1.04: Environmental Committee 1.05: ECOSOC 1.06: Human Rights Council
2.06: Security Council 2.07: Crisis in the Security Council 2.08: UNODC
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Social Program
After tirelessly debating and resolving global conflicts, at AUCMUN, we reward our delegates with some amazing
social events. These will be the perfect opportunity to get to know you fellow delegates better, and to enjoy the city of
Amsterdam.
Friday: Sightseeing Before our Opening Ceremony, we are offering an opportunity for those who wish to explore Amsterdam with us, to
join us on our sightseeing tour and explore the hotspots, as well as the hidden gems of this city. We invite all our
foreign delegates (or Amsterdammers who would like to help us guide) to look beyond the main attractions and
discover the secrets and stories around every corner.
Our city tour will begin at Amsterdam Central Station, and we will walk along Damrak (B) and Nierwendijk (C) to
Dam Square (D), the Old Church (E), Waterlooplein (F), the Opera Building (G), Muntplein (H) and the Flower
Market (I) to eventually get back at Amsterdam Central Station. If you would rather see the city by a canal cruise, we
recommend you to check the Blue Boat Company Amsterdam.
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Friday Night: Borrel
A good borrel is in the Top 10 list of “Stuff Dutch People Like”. Although Wikipedia defines a borrel as “the informal
designation for a small glass of spirits / an informal social gathering of a selected group”, there is no true translation of
this term. “Borrels are quintessentially gezellig and gezelligheid is, of course, quintessentially Dutch”.
At AUCMUN, we invite you to join us for a borrel after our Opening Ceremony, to enjoy each other’s company in an
informal setting before all the debating begins.
Saturday Evening: Diplomat’s Dinner
Join us on Saturday evening for a formal dinner, this will be the perfect opportunity to mingle and socialise with
delegates and Chairs within and between your committees.
Dress Code: Black tie
Location: Oerknal
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Saturday Night: Pub-Crawl
At AUCMUN, we live up to the expectations of Amsterdam’s vibrant nightlife. After a lovely meal, we will head
towards the city centre to end the night with a pub-crawl on the infamous Leidseplein! We will rotate bars in several
groups: we will start at Chupitos (A), after which we will go to Het Feest van Joop (B), Hotshots (C), Kopstootbar (D),
Café de Waard (E) and Café Mokum (F). We will finish with all groups at one of Amsterdam’s amazing clubs,
Melkweg (G)!
We will depart at 9.30, more information will be announced by your chair.
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Exploring Amsterdam
TRAVEL:
The conference will take place between the 13th and the 15th of April 2018 at the Academic Building of Amsterdam
University College.
Address:
Science Park 113
1098 XG Amsterdam
Transport:
Closest train station: Amsterdam Science Park (red pin) (3,30 euros to go to the city center)
Closest bus station: Science Park Amsterdam (blue pin) (One hour ticket: 3 euros)
Closest tram station: Molukkenstraat (Insulindeweg) (green pin) (One hour ticket: 3 euros)
Rent a bike:
You can rent a bike at many places in Amsterdam.
Close to Science Park :
-Spar, just next to the Academic Building (7,50 euros/day)
-‘Black Bikes’:B
Land van Cocagneplein 1E, Amsterdam-Oost
You can go there by public transport from Science Park and cycle back.
-If you want to rent a bike in the city centre, you can go to ‘MacBike Central Station’:
De Ruijterkade 34, 1012 AA Amsterdam
Travelling between Schiphol Airport and Science Park:
The easiest way to get from the airport to the conference is by first taking the train to Amsterdam Central Station and
from there, switching trains to Amsterdam Science Park.
Emergency Contacts
- Ruth del Pino Bleijerveld, Secretary-General: +31 6 80 14 76 14
- Mikela Koressi, Deputy Secretary-General: +30 6 97 52 25 637
- Renske Schouwink, Head of Logistics: + 31 6 30 93 00 19
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An easy tool when using public transport is the website www.9292.nl (there is also an app).
ACCOMODATION:
*You can be hosted in the student dorms for 10 euros per night. It is the cheapest option available that works on a first
arrived first served basis. You will automatically be counted as an applicant from the moment you fill “student dorms”
in “Where do you prefer to stay during your visit to Amsterdam” on your candidature form on MyMUN.net. If you
didn’t fill in “student dorms” but you changed your mind and want to be hosted there, please send us an email
*The second option is to stay at a youth hostel. This option is not organized by us, therefore you will have to book it by
yourself. Here is a non-exhaustive list of hostels near the university building:
- Generator hostel Amsterdam https://generatorhostels.com/destinations/amsterdam
- Camping Zeeburg Amsterdam https://www.campingzeeburg.nl
- Amigo budget hostel http://amigobudgethostel.com
- Stayokay Amsterdam Zeeburg https://www.stayokay.com/nl/hostel/amsterdam-zeeburg
- Volkshotel https://www.volkshotel.nl
- Hotel Flipper http://www.hotelflipper-amsterdam.com
- Hostel Cosmos Amsterdam http://www.hostelcosmos.com
*The last option is to find accommodation of your own choice (hotel, airbnb…)
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FOOD:
If you want to stay at Science Park to have dinner, there are several places where you can eat for a relatively low price.
- Cafe Maslow (green pin)
- Cafe Restaurant Polder (blue pin)
- Cafe Restaurant Oerknal (red pin)
- Spar (credit and debit card only) (yellow pin)
However, if you wish to explore the area more, many places in the eastern district of Amsterdam where you will find
good food! Some of our favorites are:
- Bagels and Beans: Oranje-Vrijstaatkade 68
- Burger’n Shake: Land van Cocagneplein 1D
- SLA: Middenweg 55B (many vegan and healthy options)
- La Fucina: Javastraat 99
For more restaurants, explore Atlantisplein, Javastraat and Linnaeusstraat in the East or head towards the city centre.
Some shops or cafes you visit will offer student discount. Don’t forget to ask!
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The Structure of the United Nations
MAINTAIN INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY “The United Nations came into being in 1945, following the devastation of the Second World War, with one
central mission: the maintenance of international peace and security. The UN does this by working to prevent conflict; helping parties in conflict make peace; peacekeeping; and creating the conditions to allow peace to hold and flourish. These activities often overlap and should reinforce one another, to be effective. The UN Security Council has the primary responsibility for international peace and security. The General Assembly and the Secretary-General play major, important, and complementary roles, along with other UN offices and bodies. PROTECT HUMAN RIGHTS
The term “human rights” was mentioned seven times in the UN's founding Charter, making the promotion
and protection of human rights a key purpose and guiding principle of the Organization. In 1948, the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights brought human rights into the realm of international law. Since then, the Organization
has diligently protected human rights through legal instruments and on-the-ground activities.
DELIVER HUMANITARIAN AID
One of the purposes of the United Nations, as stated in its Charter, is "to achieve international co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character." The UN first did this in the aftermath of the Second World War on the devastated continent of Europe, which it helped to rebuild. The Organization is now relied upon by the international community to coordinate humanitarian relief operations due to natural and man-made disasters in areas beyond the relief capacity of national authorities alone.
PROMOTE SUSATINABLE DEVELOPMENT From the start in 1945, one of the main priorities of the United Nations was to “achieve international co-
operation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion.” Improving people’s well-being continues to be one of the main focuses of the UN. The global understanding of development has changed over the years, and countries now have agreed that sustainable development – development that promotes prosperity and economic opportunity, greater social well-being, and protection of the environment – offers the best path forward for improving the lives of people everywhere. UPHOLD INTERNATIONAL LAW The UN Charter, in its Preamble, set an objective: "to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the
obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained". Ever since, the
development of, and respect for international law has been a key part of the work of the Organization. This work is
carried out in many ways - by courts, tribunals, multilateral treaties - and by the Security Council, which can approve
peacekeeping missions, impose sanctions, or authorize the use of force when there is a threat to international peace
and security, if it deems this necessary. These powers are given to it by the UN Charter, which is considered an
international treaty. As such, it is an instrument of international law, and UN Member States are bound by it. The
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UN Charter codifies the major principles of international relations, from sovereign equality of States to the prohibition
of the use of force in international relations.” Source: http://www.un.org/en/sections/what-we-do/
At the center of the UN system is the 193-member General Assembly (GA), comprised of seven main
committees and various subsidiary and related bodies. The GA serves primarily as a forum for discussing general
issues such as international peace and security and international collaboration in economic, social, cultural,
educational, and health fields. The GA is also able to establish committees and other bodies to study and report on
specific issues. Although the decisions of the GA have no binding legal force upon member-states, they do carry the
weight of the moral authority of the world community.
International disputes of pressing concern may be referred to the Security Council (SC), which is charged
with maintaining international peace and security in accordance with the principles and purposes of the UN. The SC
is composed of five permanent members and ten non-permanent members elected for two-year terms. The SC is
capable of directing the use of economic sanctions and military force.
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Committees & Topics of AUCMUN General Assembly
Disarmament Commission
1. The Iranian Nuclear Deal
Months of diplomatic effort and negotiations under the Obama administration resulted in a Nuclear
Deal between Iran, the UK, Germany, France, China, and Russia. This deal effectively lifted sanctions which
had been previously imposed throughout the past decade on Iran, in exchange for the nation’s significantly
decreased nuclear capacity. Decades of international isolation and economic sanctions had crippled Iran’s
economy. Thus, in 2015, when sanctions were lifted and Iran’s nuclear program severely cut down, Tehran
arose once again as an active member of the international community. Due to a recent turn of events, the
Trump administration has announced that the United States of America will not continue the multilateral
‘Nuclear Deal’ with Iran. Delegates in the Disarmament Commission will negotiate and create an alternative
international framework for a nuclear deal with Iran to which all parties can agree.
2. Privatisation and Monopolisation of Military Power
Private military companies (PMC’s) offer armed security or combat services, and often the
protection of valuable resources or people. They are, however, classified by the UN as a type of mercenary.
Since the creation of the United Nations Mercenary Convention in 1989, 35 member states have ratified a
treaty prohibiting the use, training and financing of mercenaries. However, prominent members of the
Security Council, such as the USA, China, Russia, India, the UK, and France, have not signed nor ratified the
treaty, making its overall effectiveness questionable. In recent years, despite having glaring problems
including poor and questionable legitimacy, accountability, and human rights records, the use and size of
these PMC’s has increased rapidly. The world is experiencing an alarming increase in the use of drones,
produced and owned mainly by private companies. For example, the four companies that produce 66% of the
military drones in the US are all privately owned. What does this mean? This monopolisation and
privatisation of military weapons creates a future where war might come down to private companies, rather
than state-controlled armies. Delegates in the Disarmament Commission are invited to draft a resolution to
tackle the issue and find ways to address this alarming military trend.
Countries: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt, France, Germany, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon,
Mexico, The Netherlands, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Sweden,
Turkey, United Kingdom, United States of America
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General Assembly Legal Committee
1. Ending the practice of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)
Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) affects more than 200 million girls and women today. This
traditional practice continues to be a leading cause of death from haemorrhage, childbirth, complications
with menstruation, pregnancy, and other such negative long-term effects. This phenomenon effectively halts
development and breaches the human rights of young girls and women. While a majority of people in
countries that practice FGM believe it should be abolished, the decline in its prevalence has not been steady.
The need to protect the human rights of these girls and women is more dire than ever before. To do this,
delegates must form a codified international agreement which provides the basis for subsequent legislation
and jurisdiction, with the purpose of proposing a set of guidelines supporting specific and concrete actions
directed towards ending FGM.
2. Re-evaluating our Responsibility to Protect (R2P): Rohingya Muslims
When the international community failed to prevent the atrocities committed during the 1990s in the
Balkans and Rwanda, a debate began on how to react to gross and systematic violations of human rights
without infringing on state sovereignty. This debate highlighted the responsibility of states to take action to
prevent and punish genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity. If the state is unable
or unwilling to fulfill this responsibility or is itself the actual perpetrator of crimes or atrocities, a ‘residual
responsibility’ falls onto the broader community of states. This responsibility was codified in the international
law as "Responsibility to Protect". With the recent crisis of the Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar, this
responsibility is drawn to the surface once again. Delegates are invited to reevaluate the principles raised by
the "Responsibility to Protect" and established by the "Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the
Crimes of Genocide" in the context of the Myanmar crisis.
Countries: Bangladesh, Bosnia, Brazil, China, Egypt, France, Germany, India, Iraq, Kosovo, Libya, Myanmar, North
Korea, Pakistan, Russia, Rwanda, Serbia, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Syria, United
Kingdom, United States of America
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General Assembly Special Political and Decolonisation Committee
1. National Secession and Independence Movement of the Kurdish people
The Kurdish population of Iraq has taken a historic step on the 25th of September 2017 by obtaining
93% votes in favour for a referendum on their formal independence from the Iraqi government. Yet, the
referendum is not binding and although Kurdish forces received armed support from the USA in their
struggle against ISIL, their political ambitions for independence have received no backing from the Trump
administration. A day before the referendum, the Iraqi PM Haider al-Abadi, discarded it as ‘unconstitutional’
and mentioned he would not recognize its outcome. The mere act of holding a referendum could rupture
new forms of belligerence between the Kurds and the Iraqi government. The delegates of the Special Political
and Decolonization Committee will debate on the topic of Kurdish independence and aspirations to national
secession and will find ways to mediate the concerns of all parties involved in the conflict.
2. Reinstating Politics in Raqqa and Surrounding Areas in Wake of ISIL Defeat
Following the defeat of ISIL forces in Raqqa on the 17th of October, the UN Secretary-General called
for recuperative efforts in Syria to focus on humanitarian needs as well as the reinstatement of international
law and civilian protection. Staffan de Mistura, the Special Envoy for Syria, has announced that the 8th round
of intra-Syrian talks will begin on the 28th of November, and that there is a direct need for concrete plans
regarding detainees, abductees and missing persons. Additionally, both the Secretary-General and the Special
Envoy agree that the need to reinstate “inclusive” politics in Raqqa, Syria and all other affected areas is also
high, as this would prevent extremist groups such as ISIL from rising again and from allowing for grievances
to be heard and dealt with effectively.
Diplomatic arguments continue between Russia and the United States of America as Russia accuses
the US of unnecessarily destructive bombing in Raqqa. Building up local and national politics in Syria would
also bring into consideration the extent of UN authority in a state’s internal affairs, as well as the authority of
other states which helped in the fight against ISIL and other terrorist organisations in the area. This is crucial
due to the ‘last stand’ now occurring near the Iraqi border, the hundreds of thousands of people who have
been forced to flee their homes, and the significant amount of international recruiting done by ISIL. In the
wake of ISIL defeat, delegates of the SpecPol Committee will create a resolution on the means by which the
reinstitution of politics in Raqqa and surrounding areas must occur.
Countries: Afghanistan, Bosnia, China, Egypt, France, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kosovo, Lebanon, Libya, Mexico,
Myanmar, The Netherlands, Pakistan, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Somalia, Spain, Sudan, Syria, Turkey,
United Kingdom, United States of America
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Environmental Committee
1. Sanitation and Hygiene Services in Post-Disaster Areas of Central America
As a result of environmental degradation and the emission of GHGs into the atmosphere, the
occurrence of hurricanes and floods in vulnerable areas of the world has increased. The recent hurricanes in
Central America, affecting most notably Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Honduras, Puerto Rico, and Mexico have
caused periods of stagnations in the respective economies of these states affected, and their respective
populations without access to safe drinking water. The difficulty of finding clean drinking water, or water for
personal use (cooking and bathing) leads to a higher chance in the spread of waterborne diseases. How can
we ensure that precautionary steps are taken to halt the rate of environmental degradation, and what can we
do to salvage the rights of those affected by the adverse impacts of climate change? In the Environmental
Committee, delegates will write a resolution in which an international agreement will be formed on measures
that will be taken by the UN to ensure the provision of hygiene, clean water supplies, and waste disposal for
those adversely affected by natural disasters amplified by anthropogenic sources.
2. Leap-Frogging Pollution in Developing Countries
In recent years, renewable energy has been gaining steam; developments have made the necessary
technology more affordable and appealing to the energy market. These have been helpful to many nations in
their work to meet the MDG’s work to counter climate change and develop in the areas of healthcare, gender
equity and education. In many LEDC’s, such technologies have been embraced, but there has been much
trouble in diffusing these technologies. This issue is largely attributed to the need for a solid infrastructure,
which is often based on so-called ‘intermediate technologies’. Current MEDC’s were main contributors to the
potentially catastrophic pollution the world is facing right now, which they produced during their
development. LEDCs seeking to develop in the modern world need to find economically and
environmentally viable ways to catch up with MEDC’s whilst minimizing global pollution. Delegates of the
Environmental Committee are invited to participate in the construction of guidelines for LEDCs to ‘leap-
frog’ on pollution, or in other words, to skip the intermediate technologies.
Countries: Angola, Australia, Belarus, Belize, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, France, Germany, Haiti, Japan, Kenya,
Malaysia, Mexico, The Netherlands, Pakistan, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Russia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sweden,
United Kingdom, United States of America
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Security Council 1. North Korea’s Nuclear Program
For many years, but especially since the beginning of 2000s, the North Korea’s nuclear program has
been one of the security threats to its neighbours (South Korea and Japan) and a serious concern to other
global powers. With the discovery of the DPRK’s Highly Enriched Uranium Program (2002), an expulsion of
the International Atomic Energy Agency’s inspectors (2002), and finally DPRK’s first tests of the ballistic
missiles (2005), the DPRK’s regime gained a bargaining power on the international stage. Unfortunately, the
Six Party Talks have failed and the Security Council sanctions have become very controversial, as the
humanitarian situation in North Korea is very worrying. South Korea’s president and a leading voice in this
conflict, Moon Jae-In, has developed a pragmatic approach to strengthening the Korean cooperation based
on his predecessor's Sunshine Policy. Some have also questioned China’s role in the negotiations, as it
remains North Korea’s biggest trading partner. More recently, the US president, Donald Trump, has stated in
his speech at the UN General Assembly that he will “have no choice but to totally destroy North Korea”,
which further raised tensions on the Korean peninsula. It will be the role of the UN Security Council at this
year’s AUCMUN conference to decide how to prevent a nuclear attack to ensure South Korea’s and Japan’s
safety, and to determine the future of the North Korean regime in the global order.
1. Israel's Illegal Settlement-Building in the West Bank
In 2016, Israel built 2,630 illegal settler homes in the occupied West Bank, increasing its numbers by
40% since 2015. What does this mean? It creates even more complications for the ‘Right of Return’ for
Palestinian refugees, it tarnishes the prospects for a two-state solution and it hinders the possibility of
eventual peace. Israeli settlement-building is considered illegal under international law and a major obstacle
to peace in the region. In the past few months, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has repeatedly
vowed to continue settlement expansion. Exacerbating the challenges to peace in the region, since US
President Donald Trump’s inauguration, Israel has approved the construction of thousands more housing
units, quietly condoned by the Trump administration. The UN Security Council has recently passed a
resolution, with 14 votes in favour and an abstention from the US, demanding Israel to halt illegal settlement
building. However, due to a complicated power struggle between nations, the resolution has had little effect
on halting this illegal activity. Delegates in the Security Council will strive to come up with alternative
measures to ensure that Israel abides by international law, and thereby create stability and prospects for peace
between Israel and Palestine.
Countries: Bolivia, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, The Netherlands, Perú, Poland, Kuwait,
Russia, Senegal, Sweden, United Kingdom, Ukraine, Uruguay, United States. Additionally, the following countries will
be present as invited guests with no voting rights in the Security Council: Iran, Israel, North Korea, South Korea, and
Palestine
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Economic and Social Council
1. Quotas for Women in Government and State Institutions
The underrepresentation of women in politics is regarded as a major obstacle to gender equality in
the 21st century. In recent years, there has been growing support for a variety of empowerment strategies that
could guarantee parity between men and women. In the 1970s, multiple Scandinavian countries introduced
gender quotas for the selection of parliamentary candidates. Since then, several countries have followed suit.
The issue of quotas is not uncontroversial. Affirmative action, in form of quotas, is often criticised for its
alleged abandoning of meritocratic principles. Yet, research (and recent presidential election results)
demonstrate that it is much more likely for an unqualified man to get selected as a candidate in politics than a
qualified woman. For this reason, there has been a shift in the framing of the argument from
underrepresentation of women to the unjustifiable overrepresentation of men. Delegates are invited to draft
a set of guidelines in a resolution of the Economic and Social Council with the aim to encourage the creation
of national legislation that decreases gender inequality in state institutions and government through the
implementation of quotas.
2. Empowering the Disempowered in Developing Countries: Microfinance and Education in Computer
Science
Women workers throughout the world contribute to the economic growth and the sustenance of the
livelihoods of their families and communities. Microfinance, the provision of financial services to the poor in
a sustainable manner, utilises credits, savings and other products to help families take advantage of income-
generating activities. Microfinance can empower women and other disempowered groups by enhancing their
overall socio-economic status and providing them with agency, mobility and increased opportunities. As
such, microfinance has the potential to make a significant contribution to gender equality and promote
sustainable livelihoods and better working conditions for women. Besides micro-credit loans, women are also
empowered by skill-training and education (specifically in IT), as this contributes to granting girls more
opportunities in their possible careers. Studies show that elevating women’s socio-economic status causes a
ripple effect and has long-term benefits on her entire family’s livelihood as well as her larger community’s
well-being. Delegates of the Economic and Social Council will create a resolution on possible ways to equip
disempowered girls with an education in I.T, as well as to boost the provision of micro-credits.
Countries: Afghanistan, Algeria, Australia, Belgium, Benin, Bosnia, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Czech Republic,
France, Iraq, Italy, Lebanon, Moldova, Nigeria, Norway, Russia, Rwanda, South Africa, United Arab Emirates, United
Kingdom, United States of America, Venezuela
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Human Rights Council
1. Freedom of Speech: Releasing Journalists from Prison
The situation for the safety of journalists in most parts of the world is dire. In 2015, the UNESCO
reported 114 killings of journalists, bloggers and media workers all over the world, warning that impunity
was the prominent trend, with convictions only in 10% of cases. Furthermore, Human Rights non-
governmental institutions have denounced incidences of torture, enforced disappearance, intimidation,
threats and harassment towards journalists. The UN Human Rights Council has recently adopted a ground-
breaking resolution on the safety of journalists, setting a comprehensive agenda for states to end impunity for
attacks. The HRC urges all states to release arbitrarily detained journalists, and to protect Article 19 of the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the freedom to expression. Delegates of the Human Rights Council
will debate on the immediate repeal of abusive laws that facilitate judicial harassment, and the protection of
journalists’ security.
2. Humanitarian Intervention in Yemen
Since March 2015, a Saudi Arabia-led coalition has begun bombing homes, markets, schools,
hospitals; killing more than 10,000 civilians and injuring 40,000. The destruction of the country’s
infrastructure, its homes and schools, have left 7 million people at risk of famine. Millions of children have no
access to safe drinking water, food, nor a classroom to continue their education. In a complicated power
struggle between Iran-backed Houthi rebels and the Saudi-backed Yemeni government, the human rights of
millions of civilians have been put to risk. As a result, the UN Human Rights Council has begun to create an
independent, international inquiry into abuses by all sides. Yet, parties to the conflict have failed to credibly
investigate alleged abuses by their forces. The delegates in the Human Rights Council will strive to create an
alternative solution, taking into consideration the course of action proposed by the Human Rights Watch.
The HRW is calling for the implementation of an arm embargo on Saudi Arabia, their goal is to shift the
focus from the actors in the conflict to their financial suppliers. In the HR Council, delegates will work
collaboratively to ensure that all nations are abiding by the laws of war, that investigations into attacks against
civilians are launched and that humanitarian aid reaches those who are left without shelter, wounded or
affected by malnutrition.
Countries: Albania, Brazil, China, Cuba, Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Germany, India, Iraq, Japan, The Netherlands,
Nigeria, Philippines, Qatar, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, United
Kingdom, United States of America, Venezuela. In addition, Yemen will be present as an invited guest, with no voting
rights in the Human Rights Council
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Committee on Drugs and Crime
1. Human Trafficking in The Netherlands
In the year 2000, the Dutch government legalised the practice of prostitution in the Netherlands,
creating a legal framework to regulate the large sex industry that this small nation is (in)famous for.
Amsterdam, with its Red Light District, has always been the pinnacle of these regulations, its sex industry is
known and used by many, and even attracts a lot of so called ‘sex-tourism’. However, the city has
continuously been struggling with illegal practices such as human slavery and trafficking, and underage sex-
workers. Since the year 2007, the city started a large operation called ‘the cleaning of the RLD’, which was
rather successful in removing the mafia and a large part of the illegal sex-workers from the district. However,
the fight is not over yet, as this year there is still an estimate of 6000 people who fall victim to sexual slavery,
of which 2000 are foreigners brought in by organised crime. One of the places for bringing in illegal sex-
workers and slaves is the port of Rotterdam, where people are smuggled into the country after which they are
easily transported to European countries, thanks to Schengen border control. Since human-trafficking is a
transnational crime, it cannot be battled by one government alone. Thus, delegates of UNDOC are invited to
create a codified international agreement with concrete solutions for fighting this crime on a global level.
2. Guinea-Bissau: the First Narco-State
In the past decade or so, Western African nations have been hit by several surges of instability. This,
when combined with a recent international crackdown on the illegal drug trade originating in the Americas,
has led to many drug cartels seeking new routes for their goods. Guinea-Bissau, as one of the world’s poorest
nations, has been a perfect for this and is now a key transit point for drugs. Most prominently, the flow of
cocaine, which is transported from South America to Western Europe, as well as Asian drugs going to the
Americas. Political instability has been rampant since 1980. Yet, as of 2014, the country has been under the
leadership of José Mário Vaz. Yet, even under this regime, there hasn’t been much stability. Corruption is
unrestrained and present throughout the government and military, which has allowed for the deep
infiltration of drugs into society. As a result, the country has been declared the world’s first “narco-state”. The
UNODC has had several plans to help the country since the millennium, yet many of these have failed due to
insufficient funding. Delegates of the Committee on Drugs and Crime are invited to propose a resolution
which addresses measures to tackle the problem of corruption and drug trafficking in this ‘narco-state’.
Countries: Afghanistan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, China, Colombia, Croatia, France, Germany,
India, Iran, Italy, Kenya, Mexico, The Netherlands, Pakistan, Peru, Russia, Spain, Sudan, Thailand, Turkey, Uganda,
United Kingdom, United States of America. In addition, Guinea-Bissau will be present as an invited guest with no
voting rights in the Committee on Drugs and Crime
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Rules of Procedure
Table of Contents
1.0 Diplomatic Code of Conduct………………………………………………………………………………..……….27
1.1 General
1.1.1 Courtesy
1.1.2 Dress Code
1.1.3 Language
1.2 In Debate
1.2.1 The Speaker’s List
1.2.2 Obtaining the floor
1.2.2.1 Use of Placards
1.2.2.2 Standing
1.2.2.3 Addressing the Committee
1.2.3 Communication
1.2.4 Decorum
1.2.5 Use of Technology
1.2.5.1 Individual Devices
1.2.5.2 Using the Internet
1.2.6 Attendance of Sessions
1.3 Rules, Infractions and Possible Disciplinary Actions
1.3.1 Accommodation
1.3.2 Alcohol, Drugs and Smoking
1.3.2.1 Amsterdam University College Academic Building Rules
1.3.3 Going Out and Social Events
1.3.3.1 Minors Attending Conference
1.4 Emergency Contacts
2.0 Roles of the Secretary-General and the Chairs……………………………………………………………………..32
2.1 Role of the Secretary-General
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2.2 Role of the Chairs
2.3 Role of the Other Organisational Departments of AUCMUN
2.3.1 Secretariat
2.3.2 Public Relations Team
2.3.3 Logistics Team
2.3.4 Finance Team
3.0 Rules of Order in Debate…………………………………………………………………………….……………….35
3.1 Procedure
3.1.1 Roll Call
3.1.1.1 Quorum
3.1.1.2 Seconding Motions
3.1.1.3 Order of Preference of Motions
3.1.1.4 Stating the Question
3.1.1.5 Presenting a Point or Motion
3.2 Motions
3.2.1 Motions Specific to Debate
3.2.1.1 Motions to Open the Debate on Topic X
3.2.1.2 Motion to Reconsider the Questions
3.2.1.3 Motion to Set the Speaker’s Time
3.2.1.4 Motion to (Re)open the Speaker’s List
3.2.1.5 Motion for an Extraordinary Session of Questions/Comments
3.2.1.6 Motion to Open a Caucus
3.2.1.6.1 Motion to Open an Unmoderated Caucus
3.2.1.6.2 Motion to Open an Unmoderated Caucus
3.2.1.7 Motion to Extend a Previous Motion
3.2.1.8 Motion to Withdraw a Previous Motion
3.2.1.9 Motion to Appeal to the Decision of the Chairs
3.2.1.10 Motion to Suspend/Adjourn Session
3.2.1.11 Motion to Close Debate
3.2.1.12 Motion for Minute of Silence
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3.2.1.13 Motion for a Minute of Silent Prayer or Meditation
3.2.2 Motions Specific to Written Works
3.2.2.1 Motion to Introduce a Friendly Amendment
3.2.2.2 Motion to Introduce an Unfriendly Amendment
3.2.2.3 Motion to Introduce a Resolution
3.2.2.4 Motion to Divide the Question
3.2.3 Motions Specific to Voting Procedure
3.2.3.1 Motions Specific to Voting Procedure
3.2.3.2 Motion to Vote by Acclamation
3.2.3.3 Motion to Vote by Roll Call
3.2.3.4 Motion to Vote Clause by Clause
3.2.3.5 Motion to Divide the House
3.3 Points
3.3.1 Points of Personal Privilege
3.3.2 Point of Order
3.3.3 Point of Parliamentary Inquiry
3.3.4 Point of Information
3.3.5 Right of Reply
3.4 Yielding
3.1.1 Yielding Time to the Chair
3.1.2 Yielding Time to Points of Information
3.1.2.1 Yielding Time to Comments
3.1.2.2 Yielding Time to Questions
3.1.3 Yielding Time to Another Delegate
3.5 Voting
3.5.1 Present vs Present and Voting
3.5.2 Voting on Procedure
3.5.2.1 Voting by Acclamation
3.5.3 Voting on a Resolution
3.5.4 Majorities
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3.5.5 Committee Specific Voting Procedures
4.0 Rules of Format for Written Works………………………………………………………………………..……….44
4.1 Position Papers
4.1.1 Format
4.1.2 Structure
4.1.3 Page Limit
4.1.4 Spacing
4.2 Working Papers and Resolutions
4.2.1 Working Papers
4.2.1.1 Structure
4.2.1.2 Spacing
4.2.1.3 Sponsors
4.2.1.4 Signatories
4.2.1.5 Preambulatory Clauses
4.2.1.6 Operative Clauses
4.2.1.7 Amendments
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1.0 Diplomatic Code of Conduct 1.1 General
1.1.1 Courtesy
Delegates are expected to show common courtesy to all throughout the duration of the conference.
Abuse towards anyone on basis of race, age, (gender) identity, sexuality or other will not be
tolerated and will be brought to the attention of the organizers.
1.1.2 Dress Code
Delegates are expected to wear appropriate formal clothing, including shoes, whilst in session and on
campus throughout the duration of the conference. Suits or jackets, dress pants or skirts (no
jeans or cargo pants), with a dress shirt/blouse. Socks and dress shoes must be worn. Delegates
should refrain from wearing hats or caps inside the building.
1.1.3 Language
English is the working language of the conference, and delegates are requested to keep all in-session and
on-campus interactions in English to allow for openness of communication. This also includes
all interactions with the AUCMUN organisational team.
During session delegates are reminded to use formal language, and to always speak in the third person
on behalf of the entity being represented.
1.1.4 Awards Policy
AUCMUN believes strongly that this conference is an opportunity for delegates to learn about
international relations, debating, and high-stake diplomatic negotiations through first-hand
experience. Most importantly, we emphasize the social aspect of this conference, and hope that
all our delegates become better and more engaged global citizens through this experience.
However, we also value the recognition of students that have contributed to the conference in
exemplary ways. At the Closing Ceremony, the Secretariat will announce the Best Delegate,
Honourable Mention and Best Position Paper awards for each committee.
Each Chair, in consultation with the Secretariat, will determine the individual awards on the
basis of the following criteria:
- Knowledge of committee topic and ability to convey nation’s interests and policies;
- Diplomatic skills and effectiveness in negotiation, writing amendments and resolutions;
- Ability of persuasion of other delegates through well thought-out and honest arguments;
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- Ability to develop and advance pragmatic and operational solutions;
- Quality of Position Papers.
1.2 In Debate
1.2.1 The Speaker’s List
To be placed on the speaker’s list, please wait for the Chair to ask for delegates wishing to be added, or
send a note up to the dais. Should there be no points or motions on the floor, the Chair will
proceed with the Speaker’s List in chronological order of addition, unless they deem an
exception to this to be in order. All delegates are expected to be put on the Speaker’s List to
deliver their opening statements when a new topic is opened in a Committee.
Delegates are also reminded it is inappropriate to directly address other delegates during their time on
the speaker’s list.
1.2.2 Obtaining the Floor
1.2.2.1 Use of Placards
Please raise your placard should you wish to be given the floor to raise a motion, point or to
speak whilst in a moderated caucus, and wait upon the Chair to recognize you before
speaking.
1.2.2.2 Standing
When you are given the floor by the Chair, please stand up before speaking and addressing the
Committee. Sit down once you have made your statement and it has been accepted by
the Chair.
1.2.2.3 Addressing the Committee
Make sure to properly address the entire Committee when being given the floor, and to refrain
from directly addressing delegates; for example: “Honourable Chairs and fellow
delegates…”
1.2.3 Communication
Should delegates wish to directly communicate with each other, they can do so via notes, which are to be
passed along by the delegates themselves. Please respect the privacy of fellow delegates and do
not read the notes if they are not addressed to you.
1.2.4 Decorum
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Please do not interrupt the Chair or fellow delegates when they are speaking and wait until they are
finished and seated before raising your placard to speak. Should you or other delegates speak
out of turn, the Chair will ask for decorum, meaning that all delegates should return to their
seats and cease communication. Once order is restored, the Committee will proceed as per
usual.
Should the Chair have to raise a decorum towards a single delegate repeatedly, this may result in the
delegate being asked to leave the session. A second decorum should be considered as a warning
and stated as such, and upon the third decorum the Chair has the right to ask the delegate to
leave.
1.2.5 Use of Technology
1.2.5.1 Individual Devices
The use of cell-phones and laptops is permitted during session for researching and writing
purposes. Chairs may forbid the use of such technology at their discretion if they
believe that it is distracting one or more delegates from the debate.
1.2.5.2 Using the Internet
Delegates will be provided with free internet access whilst at AUC through the Science Park
network, or eduroam should they already have access.
1.2.6 Attendance of Sessions
Delegates are expected to show up for all sessions, and a roll call will be taken at the opening of each
session. Should you not be able to come to a session, please be sure to notify your Chair as early
as possible. Absences may be taken into consideration for eligibility of awards.
1.3 Rules, Infractions and Possible Disciplinary Actions
1.3.1 Accommodation
Delegates may stay at the AUC student dorms across from the AUC Academic Building, at a hostel, or
organize their own accommodation. Should a delegate stay at the dorms, they are asked to
follow DUWO house rules and be respectful of their environment and hosts. Should a delegate
cause serious damages to the dorms, the delegate will be required to pay for the repairs and may
be asked to leave the conference.
Please refer to section 5.2.2 of the AUC Student Handbook of 2017 – 2018 for more detail.
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1.3.2 Alcohol, Drugs and Smoking
The consumption of alcohol and other drugs during session is strictly prohibited.
Delegates are also reminded that although the Netherlands has a reputation for being more lenient on
drug possession and usage, ‘hard drugs’ including but not limited to heroin, ecstasy, cocaine,
opium, amphetamines, GHB, LSD are illegal.
Furthermore, regarding ‘soft drugs’, possession for personal usage will not be prosecuted up until a limit
of 5 grams of cannabis or the possession of 5 cannabis plants. Possession of any more than this,
or involvement in trafficking is wholly illegal under Dutch federal law.
For more information, please read section 7.5 of the AUC Student Handbook of 2017 – 2018.
1.3.2.1 Amsterdam University College Academic Building Rules
Smoking, drinking alcohol and consuming other drugs is not permitted inside the Academic
Building. Smoking is permitted in the designated areas outside the building, marked
by the yellow ballot boxes.
Delegates and Chairs are asked to keep the building clean during their visit, and to be respectful
and mindful of the fact that it will still be in use by AUC students and professors
throughout the duration of the conference.
Please refer to section 5.3 and 7.4 of the AUC Student Handbook of 2017 – 2018 for more
detail.
1.3.3 Going Out and Social Events
Throughout the conference there will be several opportunities organized by AUCMUN for delegates and
Chairs to go out and explore the city’s nightlife. These activities are fully voluntary, and no
delegates should feel pressured to partake in events they are not comfortable in.
Should delegates decide to leave the AUCMUN activities on their own however, AUCMUN cannot
accept any responsibility for any accidents or damages to property which may occur.
1.3.3.1 Minors Attending Conference
Minors (under the age of 18) attending the conference, and in particular the social events, are
reminded that the legal drinking- and alcohol-buying age in the Netherlands is 18.
Additionally, it should be noted that it is illegal for a minor to be seen in public with alcohol,
and they may receive a fine of up to 90 EU. This stands for all drinks with an alcohol
content above 0,5%; the only exception to this is within a supermarket.
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Furthermore, anyone appearing to be under the age of 25 seeking to purchase alcohol will be
asked to show a valid and current form of ID for verification of age at all times.
For more information, please refer to the following government webpage:
https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/onderwerpen/alcohol
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2.0 Roles of the Secretary-General and the Chairs
2.1 Role of the Secretary-General
The Secretary-General (SG) has the final say in how these rules and procedures are to be interpreted,
should any disputes arise. In session, the SG may bring forth new items to a Committee’s
agenda and may address a Committee at any point during the conference. This may be done by
way of a visit, the sending of a representative, or alternative means of oral or written
communication. They may also delegate this and other tasks to the Deputy Secretary-General.
2.2 Role of the Chairs
A committee’s Chairs are responsible for the application and following of the rules outlined in these
Rules of Procedure, as well as guiding the direction of the debate whilst in session. The Chair
has the discretion to interpret the rules, and should they have any queries are asked to present
these to the Secretary-General.
2.3 Role of the Other Organisational Departments of AUCMUN
2.3.1 Secretariat
The job of the Secretariat is to ensure that everything during the three days of the conference runs
smoothly. Some of our other roles include: selecting the topics and Committees, ensuring that
all delegates are assigned to their preferred choices and providing you with all the information
about the conference and our social activities on time. Our topic manager, Iman, has created
the agenda, established the topics and invited the Guest Speakers. Our Chair manager, Klaudia,
is responsible for recruiting the Chairs, revising their study guides and preparing them for the
conference in April. Our materials manager, Victoria, is in charge of writing the delegate
booklet and creating the placards, posters and information flyers. Our delegate managers,
Jeroen and Aisha, are in charge of allocating the delegates to their choices of country and
Committee and ensuring that all the needs of the delegates are met. Our Deputy Secretary-
General, Mikela, is in charge of supervising the work of the members of the Secretariat and
helping them execute their responsibilities.
2.3.2 Public Relations Team
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The Public Relations Team is responsible for the recruitment of delegates and creating the general buzz
that surrounds an event like this. Our Web-Manager, Bobbie, makes sure that the website is
built and kept up-to-date, so our (aspiring) delegates from all over the world know exactly what
to expect. Our Facebook page is managed and updated by Press Manager Nelly, who creates the
opportunity for delegates to share their experience with their friends and stay updated through
Facebook. We also want to be visible outside of the digital world, this is where Marketing
Manager Phoebe comes in. She designs posters, flyers, business cards, brochures and distributes
them to our partners and at other universities. The head of the PR team, Femke, creates a
general planning for the promotional activities and helps out where needed, like on the
MyMUN conference page. The PR team is closely connected to the progress of the conference
and will alert you when important things are happening. Visit our website aucmun.nl and our
Facebook page AUCMUN Board for examples of their work.
2.3.3 Logistics Team
The Logistics Team is responsible for several aspects of the conference that are best described by the
different positions within the team. Evy is the Venue and Tech Manager. She will be in charge
of arranging the venue for the conference, and for having all necessary equipment in the right
place and functioning. This includes technology, computers, screens, and sound systems.
Clémentine, Housing and Food Manager, will ensure that all delegates coming from outside of
Amsterdam will have a place to stay during the two nights of the conference. She also arranges
the food and drinks during the lunch and coffee breaks. Maaike, as our Social Program
Manager, will make sure that everybody will enjoy their time outside of the official conference
hours. This includes sightseeing, a “borrel”, the Diplomat Dinner and a pub crawl. The Social
Program is important for making sure everyone has time to relax and enjoy themselves on the
off hours when they’re not establishing and maintaining world peace. This way, we will also
ensure that our delegates become familiar not only with the city of Amsterdam, but also with
their fellow MUN’ers. Lastly, the head of the logistics team, Renske, is there to coordinate all
the tasks.
2.3.4 Finance Team
The Finance Team has the task of ensuring the conference is organized successfully. This includes
finding sponsors for financial contribution and supply of resources; keeping track of and
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maintaining availability of funds; communicating with other teams regarding expenses and
budgeting; and making and updating a financial overview. Our team is comprised of four
members: three Sponsors Managers (Jannah, Amber and Victoria) and the Head of the team
(Tijana). Amber and Jannah have the task of finding and approaching prospective sponsors for
financial contributions, and Victoria works on finding sponsors who can provide us with
materials to be used at the conference. As the head of the Finance Team, Tijana coordinates all
the tasks within the team, and is responsible for planning and managing all financial matters.
Finally, the Finance Team is in constant communication with all the other teams in order to
stay on top of all projections and expenses, and make sure that everything runs smoothly.
2.3.5 Press Team
The Press Team is responsible for documenting, in the form of photographs, videos and articles, the
progress of the conference. They will be posting content every day of the conference on
AUCMUN’s website and social media accounts. By accepting the terms of service (on
MyMUN), all delegates have given permission to the Press Team to publish photos taken
during the AUCMUN Conference on social media or on its website. If any delegates have
serious objections to this, they should bring this up to the Secretariat and their request will be
taken into consideration.
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3.0 Rules of Order in Debate
3.1 Procedure
3.1.1 Roll Call
At the opening of every session, a roll call will be taken by the Chair by way of an alphabetized list of the
countries present at the Committee. During this procedure, observers will be asked to leave the
room. Countries will state their presence as present or present and voting; if a country states
itself to be present and voting, they may not abstain during substantive voting for the duration
of that session.
Delegates are expected to know if they have voting rights in the voting procedures.
3.1.1.1 Quorum
The minimum quorum for debate stands at 25% of the delegates present at the first roll call of
the Committee during the conference.
3.1.1.2 Seconding Motions
For a motion to be passed, it must first be seconded by one or more other delegates. Delegates
are asked to wait until the Chair asks for seconds and to raise their placard should they
wish to second the motion.
Certain motions do not require a second, and will be marked with a * in these Rules of
Procedure. Points or yields will never require a second.
3.1.1.3 Order of Preference of Motions
Motions will be voted upon in order of disruptiveness to the debate. That is to say, based upon
the time extension given to the motion, and the type of motion being raised. Should
two motions be equally disruptive, the first to have been noted by the Chair will be the
one voted upon first. Should other factors need to be taken into consideration, they
may be done so at the discretion of the Chair.
3.1.1.4 Stating the Question
It is the duty of the Chair to state the question after a motion is being brought to the floor for a
vote, unless they deem it immediately out of order. That is to say, the Chair should
present and restate the motion in its entirety to the Committee, before having it be
brought to a vote.
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3.1.1.5 Presenting a Point or Motion
Delegates are reminded that to present a point or motion to the Committee, they must first wait
until the floor is open and then they may raise their placard such that it can be read by
the Chair. They may present their point or motion once they have been recognized by
the Chair and have been given the floor.
3.2 Motions
3.2.1 Motions Specific to Debate
3.2.1.1 Motion to Open the Debate on Topic X
The first motion following the opening of session, this motion allows for the debate to begin.
Should there not be unanimous agreement to open a certain topic, then three speakers
will be asked to speak in favour and against the topic.
3.2.1.2 Motion to Reconsider the Question*
When the Committee has voted on a topic of debate X, delegates may still raise a motion to
reconsider the question and suggest another topic of debate if the floor has not yet
been opened. This motion will require two speakers to step forth and present their
arguments against and in favour of the other topic, and a ⅔ majority to pass.
3.2.1.3 Motion to Set the Speaker’s Time
This motion allows for the Committee to vote for the appropriate time for speakers on the
Speaker’s List, and must always be voted upon (45 seconds to 1 min is recommended).
Should there be contention, then the contenders must each choose one representative to argue
in favour of a given time.
3.2.1.4 Motion to Open the Speaker’s List
Following the opening of debate, this motion is required.
3.2.1.5 Motion for an Extraordinary Session of Questions or Comments*
Delegates may use this after a delegate’s speech on the Speaker’s List, or to address the sponsors
of a resolution paper after it is presented. This motion gives the opportunity to ask
questions about a resolution to its sponsors, or a particular nation’s stance or
statements.
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With a ‘normal’ extraordinary session, the motion must first be deemed appropriate by the
chair, then it must be accepted by the delegate the session is directed at to proceed. It
does not require voting upon by the committee. If an extraordinary session of
questions is directed at the sponsors of a resolution, then all sponsor delegates are
obliged to accept the session of questions; as it is a motion of procedure, it is usually in
order.
This motion does not need to be seconded and you need to establish the number of questions
or comments whilst raising the motion. One follow-up can be granted per question or
comment. Delegates may be allowed a brief preamble should they raise a point of
personal privilege before beginning their question.
3.2.1.6 Motion to Open a Caucus
Delegates must raise a motion to open a caucus with a determined time limit and topic which
will be discussed during the caucus. These motions must always be seconded and
voted upon.
It is recommended to limit the time extension of a caucus to a maximum of 25 minutes, but this
is ultimately at the Chair’s discretion.
3.2.1.6.1 Motion to Open a Moderated Caucus
To raise a moderated caucus, delegates must also add a speaker’s time to the above
mentioned details.
Within the caucus, the Chair will give the floor to delegates who raise their placard.
Delegates can speak standing from their places, giving a statement within the
previously set time limit (e.g. Motion to open a moderated caucus of 15
minutes with 1 minute speaker’s time).
3.2.1.6.2 Motion to Open an Unmoderated Caucus
Delegates are able to debate, discuss and move freely during unmoderated caucus.
During this time, delegates usually write the resolutions in collaboration with
each other.
3.2.1.7 Motion to Extend a Previous Motion
Should a delegate wish to continue a motion, they should place this on the floor as soon as it is
open following the closing of a motion.
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Delegates are reminded that a motion can only be extended once, and cannot be given an
extension longer than the original motion. This includes extraordinary sessions of
questions and comments, where the limit is the amount of questions or comments.
3.2.1.8 Motion to Withdraw a Previous Motion*
Should a delegate wish to remove a motion they have already put on the floor, they may raise
this to remove said motion. This motion passes automatically without voting
procedure.
3.2.1.9 Motion to Appeal to the Decision of the Chair
Should a delegate strongly disagree with the decision of the Chair, they may raise this motion,
which must be directly supported by a two-thirds majority of delegates present.
Should it pass, the Chair’s decision on the matter will be overruled. To raise this
motion delegates need only stand up and speak (i.e. they do not need to raise their
placards), as it is the most disruptive.
3.2.1.10 Motion to Suspend/Adjourn Session
This motion allows for the Committee to close the session for the time being. A suspension of
the meeting is less formal and is intended for breaks during the day. Adjourning the
session is more formal and reserved for the end of the day or longer breaks (i.e. lunch).
3.2.1.11 Motion to Close Debate
This motion can be introduced if a the Committee is ready to move to a vote on a possible
working paper or a draft resolution. This motion requires a two-thirds majority to
pass; should it fail debate continues normally. Should it pass, the Committee moves to
presenting the paper, and voting upon it.
3.2.1.12 Motion for a Minute of Silence*
In the event of a tragedy during or just before the conference, a delegate may motion for a
minute of silence. This motion does not require a second nor a vote,and stands only at
the approval of the Chair. It must, however, be raised at the beginning of a session, or
directly after a tragedy has been announced.
3.2.1.13 Motion for a Minute of Silent Prayer or Meditation*
This motion, similar to the one above, may be raised by a delegate for personal or state reasons,
and is only subject to the Chair’s approval. This motion may only be raised before the
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opening of debate during a session; should a delegate need to pray or meditate for
personal reasons at another time they are asked to discuss this matter with the Chair
or raise a point of personal privilege.
3.2.2 Motions Specific to Written Works
3.2.2.1 Motion to Introduce a Friendly Amendment*
A friendly amendment is a slight change to the resolution that all sponsors agree with. After the
amendment is approved by the Committee as well as the Chairs, it may be
automatically incorporated into the resolution, otherwise it is noted as an Unfriendly
Amendment.
3.2.2.2 Motion to Introduce an Unfriendly Amendment*
An unfriendly amendment is a change that some or all of the resolution's sponsors do not
support and must be voted upon by the Committee. The author(s) of the amendment
will need to obtain a required number of signatories in order to introduce it (20
percent of the first attendance of the Committee). Prior to voting on the resolution as
a whole, the Committee must vote on all unfriendly amendments individually.
3.2.2.3 Motion to Introduce a Resolution*
Once a draft resolution has been finalized, the sponsors can motion to present the resolution to
Committee. This motion does not require a vote, and stands at the Chair’s discretion.
Delegates are asked to wait for the Chair to have read the Resolution before raising
this motion.
When presenting the resolution, sponsors will be asked to read the resolution out loud. This
can be circumvented by discussion with the Chair and a two-thirds majority approval
vote by the Committee.
3.2.2.4 Motion to Divide the Question
During voting bloc, delegates may raise this motion to vote on certain clauses of a resolution
separately. Only the clauses that are passed become part of the final resolution. This
motion passes by a two-thirds majority.
3.2.3 Motions Specific to Voting Procedure
Most motions must be passed by a vote, winning by either a simple majority (>½ of quorum) or a ⅔
majority. Take this to be a simple majority, unless otherwise stated in the description.
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During official voting procedure (i.e. on possible working papers and resolutions), all observers will be
asked to leave the room after the motion to raise a vote has passed.
3.2.3.1 Motion to Introduce a Vote
Delegates may introduce this motion should their Committee be ready to vote on a working
paper or draft resolution.
3.2.3.2 Motion to Vote by Acclamation
If there are no votes against the closure of debate, the Chair may ask the delegates if there are
any objections to voting by acclamation. Support for this motion must be unanimous;
if it passes, the resolution will automatically be adopted without full voting procedure.
3.2.3.3 Motion to Vote by Roll Call
All matters will be voted upon by a show of placards, unless a motion for a roll call vote is
accepted, in which case delegates vote individually.
3.2.3.4 Motion to Vote Clause by Clause
Usually, the Security Council is the only UN body in which the resolution is voted clause by
clause. However, if a majority of delegates in a Committee are in favour of voting
clause by clause, this is permitted.
3.2.3.5 Motion to Divide the House
Should a substantive vote not provide a simple majority, then delegates may raise this motion.
Should it pass, during the next voting round, no delegate is allowed to abstain from
voting, regardless of whether they are “present” or “present and voting”.
3.3 Points
Points may be raised at any point in the debate by raising one’s placards and stating the point. They do
not require the floor to be open, nor a voting procedure. That being said, please do not
interrupt a speaker, but rather wait for a pause in their speech or them to be finished before
raising the point.
3.3.1 Point of Personal Privilege
Raise this point to correct a personal discomfort, or to ask for a change so that the debate can better be
followed (e.g. ask the delegate to speak louder). This point is also used to get a brief preamble.
3.3.2 Point of Order
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If a delegate or Chair makes an error in following these Rules of Procedure, a point of order may be
raised to highlight the error and give the delegate or Chair a chance to restate and correct it.
Delegates are reminded to remain respectful when raising this point.
3.3.3 Point of Parliamentary Inquiry
If a delegate is unsure of the Rules of Procedure in a given area, they may raise a point of parliamentary
inquiry to the Chair asking for clarification on the matter.
Due to the disruptive nature of a point and the purpose of this specific point, delegates do not need to
speak in the third person or be as formal when asking their question.
3.3.4 Point of Information
If a delegate is unsure of the information being given out during the session, i.e. in another delegate’s
speech, they may raise a point of information asking e.g. for clarification on the statement or a
delegate’s sources.
3.3.5 Right of Reply
Should an offensive statement be made directly targeting a delegate, the receiving delegate has the right
to reply to the statement. This is done by raising one’s placard immediately following the
offensive statement, and then stating one’s right to reply and reason for offense to the Chair.
Please do not interrupt the speech of the offending delegate, but rather wait and raise this right
as soon as said speech is done.
A delegate’s right to reply will be taken into the consideration of the Chair, and should they deem it
appropriate, the offended delegate has 30 seconds to make their statement. The offending
delegate will then be given the chance to apologize, also with a time extension of 30 seconds.
Should the Chair consider the invoking of the right to reply inappropriate, the debate will
continue as before.
3.4 Yielding
If a delegate is done speaking before their speaker’s time is finished, they may yield their time to another
purpose. The possibilities open to the delegate are detailed below. Delegates are reminded that
yielding one’s time is only applicable on the speaker’s list; in a moderated caucus the debate
immediately continues.
3.1.1 Yielding Time to the Chair
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By yielding one’s time to the Chair, a delegate allows the Chair to decide what is to be done with it. This
may be comments, questions, or simply reopening the floor.
3.1.2 Yielding Time to Points of Information
When a delegate yields their time to points of information, it is at the Chair’s discretion to decide exactly
how many points of information will fit in the time left, and which delegates may raise these
points.
3.1.2.1 Yielding Time to Comments
By yielding one’s time to comments, a delegate allows other delegates to raise concerns and
present their thoughts about the delegate’s statements.
3.1.2.2 Yielding Time to Questions
By yielding one’s time to questions, a delegate allows other delegates to ask them a series of
questions on the contents of their statement. Delegates are reminded that they must
ask for a brief preamble should they require it, and that they are allowed one question
each; two in the case a follow-up has been granted.
3.1.3 Yielding Time to Another Delegate
By yielding one’s time to another delegate, a delegate allows another delegate of their choosing to take
the floor and present a statement.
3.5 Voting
3.5.1 Present vs. Present and Voting
At the opening of every session, when the roll call is taken by the Chair, delegates may lift their placards
and announce themselves as “Present” or “Present and Voting”. Unless they have no voting
rights in the United Nations (e.g. State of Palestine) or are not planning to vote on the
resolutions, they are strongly recommended to announce themselves as “Present and Voting”.
3.5.2 Voting on Procedure
When voting on procedural matter, which includes caucuses, setting an agenda, suspending the meeting,
changing the speaker’s time, delegates may not abstain from voting. This is called “procedural
voting”, whilst other votes fall under “substantive voting”.
3.5.2.1 Voting by Acclamation
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Voting by acclamation circumvents the longer, state-by-state voting procedure. Usually, for
procedural matters, the Chairs ask if there are any rejections or abstentions from the
Committee. If there are none, the motion passes. If there are, a roll call vote will
immediately follow.
3.5.3 Voting on a Resolution
When voting on substantive matters, delegates need to vote in voting bloc. Delegates may choose ‘yes’,
‘no’, or ‘abstention’ (the latter only if they said ‘Present’ during Roll Call).
The doors should be locked and, speeches and caucus will not be entertained. Anyone who is not in the
room at the time of voting bloc cannot vote, and once a delegate leaves, they may not return.
3.5.4 Majorities
Only a simple majority is needed to pass a resolution, or half of the present Committee.
3.5.5 Committee Specific Voting Procedures (if applicable)
In the Security Council, delegates must vote on each Operative Clause in the Resolution before voting on
the Resolution as a whole.
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4.0 Rules of Format for Written Works
4.1 Position Papers
4.1.1 Format
To refer to the exact format of a Position Paper, a Sample Position Paper may be found in the delegate
booklet distributed to all participants of AUCMUN.
4.1.2 Structure
All position papers must include the following parts: (1) Topic Background, (2) Past UN Actions, (3)
National Policy, (4) Proposed Solutions.
4.1.3 Page limit
All Position Papers should be about 1 page to 1.5 pages long
4.1.4 Spacing
All position papers should be have 1.5 spacing.
4.2 Working Papers and Resolutions
4.2.1 Working Papers
The working paper is the draft of a possible resolution, and follows a similar format and structure. Once
a working paper is approved by the Chairs, it becomes a possible resolution paper.
4.2.1.1 Structure
To refer to the structure of the Resolution, a Sample Resolution may be found in the delegate
booklet distributed to all participants of AUCMUN.
4.2.1.2 Spacing
All working papers and resolutions should have 1.5 spacing.
4.2.1.3 Sponsors
The sponsors are the main authors of the resolution.
4.2.1.4 Signatories
The signatories are other delegates in the Committee who may not necessarily agree with the
resolution but would like to see it debated.
AUCMUN Committees require a minimum number or percentage of sponsors and signatories
(30%) before a resolution can be presented — this encourages consensus-building.
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4.2.1.5 Preambulatory Clauses
In the preambulatory clauses, delegates state all the issues that the Committee wants to resolve
on this issue. It may state reasons for which the Committee is addressing this issue and
indicate previous international actions on the topic.
Preambulatory clauses can include:
(1) Past UN resolutions, treaties, or conventions related to the topic,
(2) Past regional, non-governmental, or national efforts in resolving this topic,
(3) References to the UN Charter, international law, or other international frameworks and
laws,
(4) Statements made by the Secretary-General or a relevant UN body or agency,
(5) General background information, facts and statistics about the topic, its significance, and its
impact.
Example Preambulatory Clauses may be found in the Delegates Booklet distributed to all
AUCMUN participants.
4.2.1.6 Operative Clauses
Operative clauses state the solutions that the sponsors of the resolution propose to resolve the
issues. The operative clauses should address the issues specifically mentioned in the
preambulatory clauses above it.
Example Operative Clauses may be found in the Delegates Booklet distributed to all AUCMUN
participants.
4.2.1.7 Amendments
Approved resolutions are modified through amendments to reach a greater consensus amongst
delegates in the Committee.
An amendment is a written statement that adds, deletes or changes an operative clause in a
draft resolution. It may take the following form: (1) Adds an operative clause that
reads …, (2) Deletes Operative Clause X, (3) Changes Operative Clause X to read...
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How to Write a Position Paper
How to Write a Position Paper (source: bestdelegate.com)
I. Header
a. Includes Committee, Topic, Country, Delegate Name, Date
II. Introduction
a. Brief introduction of your country and its history concerning the topic and committee
b. Some statistics and general facts
III. Past Resolutions and UN Actions
a. Mention the Treaties, Covenants and any action your country has taken to address this issue.
IV. Country’s Position
a. Clearly state what your country’s position is on the topic, mention your allies
V. Conclusion
Sample Position Paper
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November 30th – December 2nd 2017
Delegate: Aisha Erenstein
Committee: International Atomic Energy Agency
Country: Republic of Turkey
Topic A: Securing nuclear technology against natural disasters
The Republic of Turkey recognizes the need for international safety regulations tied to nuclear technology,
and remains dedicated to the work of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). As a country with several
regions particularly prone to seismic natural disasters and in a geopolitical region which has faced severe political
instability over the past few years, Turkey deems such regulations to be of the utmost priority.
That being said, reiterating the perspective of president Erdogan, this delegation considers Turkey’s
transition to include nuclear energy in its power grid to be of the utmost importance. It is grateful for the help and
support that the great nations of Russia, France and Japan have provided in the building of the two of the three power
plants planned to open by 2023, and will put in all efforts necessary to ensure that these plants remain safe under any
conditions (Starz & Dyck, 2017). The Turkish Atomic Energy Authority (TAEK) has welcomed the input and feedback
of the IAEA, and encourages all nations currently building or running such plants to do so (IAEA, 2015).
As a show of its commitment and sincerity, TAEK invited an Integrated Safety Assessment of Research
Reactors (INSARR) mission for a peer-reviewed inspection of its TR-2 research facility in April of this year and has
already realized several enhancements to reactor facilities and programmes specifically to better protect the site against
seismic hazards (Shokr & Dixit, 2017; IAEA, 2015). Furthermore, it has regularly participated in and hosted
international workshops, conferences, and trainings throughout recent years, facilitating the international dialogue it
deems crucial to global energy safety (IAEA, 2016; IAEA, 2015).
This delegation considers that it would be in the best interests of all parties to use the following sessions to
develop a comprehensive and disaster-specific set of guidelines by which plants must operate. These guidelines must,
however, not interfere with a country’s national protocols for such situations, thus respecting a nation’s sovereignty
and their capacity to deal with such issues on the ground level.
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Works Cited
Cardenas-Mazurkiewicz, D. (2010). Protecting Nuclear Power Plants Against Nature´s Fury. Iaea.org. Retrieved 28
November 2017, from https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/protecting-nuclear-power-plants-against-
nature%C2%B4s-fury
IAEA. (2015).
IAEA. (2016).
Nuclear Power in Turkey | Nuclear Energy In Turkey - World Nuclear Association. (2017). World-nuclear.org. Retrieved
28 November 2017, from http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-t-
z/turkey.aspx
Shokr, A., & Dixit, A. (2017). Improved Safety at Turkey’s TR-2 Research Reactor: IAEA Peer Review Mission
Concludes. Iaea.org. Retrieved 28 November 2017, from https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/improved-safety-
at-turkeys-tr-2-research-reactor-iaea-peer-review-mission-concludes
Starz, A., & Dyck, E. (2017). IAEA Reviews Turkey's Progress in Nuclear Power Development. Iaea.org. Retrieved 28
November 2017, from https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/iaea-reviews-turkeys-progress-nuclear-power-
development
Source: Aisha Erenstein
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How to Write a Resolution
Preambulatory Clauses
a. References to the UN Charter
b. Citations of past UN Resolutions, treaties, and covenants about the topic
c. Statements from the Secretary-General or any relevant UN body
d. Recognition of the actions taken by regional or nongovernmental organisations to address the issue
e. General statements, facts and statistics
II. Sample Preambulatory Phrases
a. Affirming
b. Alarmed by
c. Approving
d. Bearing in mind
e. Declaring
f. Deeply concerned/disturbed by
g. Regretting
h. Emphasizing
i. Expressing its appreciation
j. Fulfilling
k. Fully aware
l. Further recalling
m. Having examined/received
n. Noting with deep concern
o. Reaffirming
p. Realising
q. Recalling
r. Recognizing
s. Welcoming
III. Operative Clauses
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a. Clauses are always numbered
b. Each clause is in congruence with the others, and builds towards a solution
c. To add detail to numbered clauses, insert lettered and indented sub-points.
d. Operative clauses are always punctuated by a semicolon, with the exception of the last one which
ends with a period.
IV. Sample Operative Phrases
a. Accepts
b. Affirms
c. Approves
d. Authorises
e. Calls upon
f. Congratulates
g. Condemns
h. Confirms
i. Considers
j. Declares
k. Deplores
l. Designates
m. Draws attention
n. Emphasizes
o. Encourages
p. Endorses
q. Expresses its appreciation
r. Further invites
s. Regrets
t. Recommends
Source: bestdelegate.com
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Sample Resolution
United Nations International Atomic Energy Agency
TOPIC: Securing nuclear technology against natural disasters
SPONSORS: Republic of Costa Rica, Federal Republic of Germany, The Republic of Ghana, The Republic of the
Philippines, The Swiss Confederation, The Republic of Turkey, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
Ireland, United States of America.
SIGNATORIES: Canada, Kingdom of Denmark, Republic of Latvia, The Republic of Paraguay, Republic of Singapore.
THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY,
Recalling the previous resolutions on securing nuclear technologies against environmental impacts,
Endorsing the realization of the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030,
Keeping in mind the different geopolitical and environmental situations of states, to adapt a base framework to any
specific situation,
Cognizant of the risks countries take when under financial strain, taking the Metsamor Power plant as a convincing
case study,
Deeply concerned by the additional challenges posed by climate change on nuclear technologies,
Recognizing the urgent need of action in face of increasing natural disasters due to climate change,
Reiterating the importance of implementing safety standards set out in SSG-34,
Recalling the 7th session of this committee in Vienna in 2017, in particular laid out in CNS/7RM/2017/08/Final, and
recent developments in the field of nuclear technology,
Recognizing the critical mission of the Nuclear Infrastructure Development Section to promote nuclear safety in
countries with developing or established nuclear programs,
Deeply regretting the devastation caused by the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster and its long lasting negative
consequences, which were direct effects of a natural disaster and sustained human negligence,
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Noting the potential of climate change to increase the damaging effects of natural disasters, particularly on nuclear
power-, waste-treatment-, and research plants,
Bearing in mind the susceptibility of different geographical regions to certain natural risks and the necessity of an
adaptable base framework applicable to any situation,
Acknowledging the importance of securing nuclear technology against the potential threats caused by natural disasters,
such as droughts, storms, earthquakes and flooding in an appropriate manner,
Viewing with appreciation the importance of respecting national sovereignty whilst fostering global nuclear security
through consensus,
Affirming the importance of international cooperation towards achieving the aim of securing nuclear energy against
natural disasters,
Recognizing the emergency the United Nations is facing on the matter caused by the increase of natural disasters due
to climate change,
1. Encourages to reach the goal of expanding the budget of the Nuclear Infrastructure Development Section
(NIDS) by 20%, which would amount to approximately 1.7 million euros, in order to enhance the ability of
the section to support countries securing their nuclear capacity,
a. Mandates that these new funds will be directed towards projects that increase the resistance of
current and planned nuclear power plants (NPPs) to seismic, volcanic, hydrologic and other natural
disasters,
i. These will include, in particular, the relevant work of the Nuclear Power section of the
Nuclear Power, Fuel Cycle and Nuclear Science section of the IAEA,
1. Relevant work is to include Strengthening Integrated Engineering Support for
Nuclear Power Programme, Infras tructure and Planning for New Nuclear Power
Programmes, and International Project on Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Fuel
Cycles,
b. These funds will be allocated from the Technical Cooperation Fund (TCF) of the IAEA (to provide
the 700.000 EUR), with the financial support of the United States of America,
i. Funding allocated from the TCF will be coming from the extrabudgetary contributions that
the TCF receives yearly,
c. Emphasizes expanding cooperation and coordination between the NIDS and the International
Seismic Safety Center (ISSC);
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2. Proposes the creation the Nuclear Environmental Safety Fund (NEST) within the Technical Cooperation
fund to finance expensive but vital safety upgrades which will further minimize risks in the case of natural
disaster,
a. Funds will be financed by donor countries interested in promoting nuclear safety,
b. Terms of loans will be negotiated between the IAEA Secretariat and the recipient countries,
c. Initial financing will be provided by The Swiss Confederation, The French Republic and The United
States of America;
3. Recommends to incorporate public and private stakeholders in the realm of regulated cooperation and
expertise sharing in order to improve Member States knowledge on nuclear safety and connect the relevant
parties,
a. Working with the World Association of Nuclear Organization (WANO) to directly address public
concerns about nuclear safety,
b. Organizing regional workshops for experts to share geological knowledge and natural disasters on
sector with both Member States and non Member States to increase responsiveness to natural
disasters,
c. Promoting bilateral and multilateral technology sharing such as Mobile Hot Cells (MHC);
4. Notes the importance of facilitating academic personnel from countries who are developing power plants to
study in countries where research on nuclear technology is already established,
a. In counterpart encourages academic personnel from countries with a high level of expertise on
nuclear technologies to study in the countries where nuclear technologies are being created,
b. With the aim of increasing sensitivity to other communities in addition to facilitate problem solving
at a grassroots level
c. Grants, scholarships and subsidies could be used to facilitate this process;
5. Emphasizes the need for greater investment in R&D to improve the safety and emergency response
capabilities of Nuclear Power Plants. This includes:
a. Advances in Generation IV nuclear plants that replace water with sodium and helium as coolants,
b. ABWR (Advanced Boiling Water Reactors) that do not rely on operator intervention in the case of
coolant pipe bursts during earthquakes, tornadoes, and tsunamis,
c. Improvements in “core catchers”, which ensures that hazardous nuclear fuels remain sealed during
total meltdown;
6. Recommends to update Response and Assistance Network (RANET) operating policy in order to speed up
response to nuclear incidents
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a. Creates a pre-determined Preliminary Response Team (PRT) from RANET members in each
regional area recognized by the IAEA,
i. The emergency response team would be a list of primary and back-ups RANET
participants in each IAEA regional area that will be on call for one year term,
1. These members will be appointed by the respective area and subject to rotation
each year,
ii. These members will be specialists in the fields of,
1. Nuclear installation, assessment, and advice,
2. Radiation survey,
3. Radiological assessment and advice,
4. Source search and recovery,
iii. The International Emergency Centre (IEC) will immediately notify all primary and back-
up members when an incident is reported in a regional area,
iv. All primary members of PRT must respond to the IEC notification and arrive on location
within 36 hours;
7. Promotes further media and information distribution pertaining to the importance of nuclear safety in the
form of:
a. More accessible technical manuals to governments of Member States,
b. Video distribution for dispersal recommended for state curricula,
c. Leaflets shared among the public,
d. Expertise sharing of advances in nuclear technology through the IAEA and subject to regulations, as
well as via the NIDS,
e. Regional workshops for experts to share geological knowledge on the region, including with non-
Member States;
8. Encourages Member States to secure all water sources independent of the ultimate heat sinks via water tanks
or reservoirs as per location of the plant,
a. Further recommends coastal Nations to provide adequate tsunami specific training programs for
engineers, scientists and regulators via yearly conferences,
b. Further encourages the extension of the scope of hazard studies by scientists to include risk factors
associated with climate change, including droughts;
9. Urges cooperation with UN bodies such as UNFCCC & UNEP in order to discuss and better understand the
effects of climate change;
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10. Strongly encourages countries to work together with the IAEA to elaborate individual Country Programme
Framework (CFP) in order to establish specific plan adapted to each country, geographical situation and
financial means;
11. Invites Member States to open themselves to more frequent and thorough IAEA peer reviews of NPPs in
order to direct the attention of respective nations to weaknesses in the infrastructure of their nuclear plants;
12. Further suggests countries to provide:
a. Annual engineering qualification assessments,
b. Risk management classes for all nuclear reactor personnel,
c. Educating personnel about specific potentially dangerous climatic events;
13. Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.
Source: Aisha Ereinstein
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PARTNERS AND SPONSORS
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