wind turbines cold weather issues
Post on 26-May-2015
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Wind Turbines: Cold Weather Issues
Henry Kurniadi
Cold Weather Issues
Issue 1: Materials Failure at Low
Temperatures
Low Temperatures
final height initial height
Impact loading: -- severe testing case -- makes material more brittle -- decreases toughness
Impact Testing(Charpy)
Temperature Effect on Metal Failures
More brittle More ductile
Temp. (oC)
Impact Properties:Ductile to Brittle Transition Temperature (DBTT)
lowerhighe
r
Transition at certain temperature range
Material becomes brittle (more susceptible to impact) at low temperature
Use materials that suitable for low temperatures.
Welding completed with special low temperature flux.
Lubricants & oils suitable for low temperature.
Solutions
GE Wind Turbine Technical Changes for Cold Weather
GE Wind Turbine Metallurgy for Cold Weather
Minimize impact loading from braking
Guides on Welding for Low Temperatures
Issue 2: Icing (Ice Accretion/積冰 )
Icing (Ice Accretion)
Icing and Performance Reduction
Icing and Performance Reduction
Blade Ice Formation
Low elevation or polar regionHigh elevation or mountain region
Anti- and De-Icing Technologies for Several Cold Weather Wind Turbines
Other Method: Painted Black
Issue 3:Presence of Snow
Snow Environment
Snow (雪 ) = Water (水 ) = Damp/Moisture (濕度 /濕氣 )
IEA Wind Recommended Practices 13: Wind Energy Projects in Cold Climates, Ed. 2011, published May 22, 2012.
NREL, Wind Energy: Cold Weather Issues, June 2000. GE Wind Energy: Cold Weather Turbine Operation,
June 2005. KOBELCO Welding, A Quick Guide to Suitable
Welding Consumables for Low Temperature Steel. Nippon Steel & Sumikin Welding Co., Ltd., Welding
for Low Temperature Service Steel.
References
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