where we’ve been – where we are –w here we’re...

W H E R E W E ’ V E B E E N – W H E R E W E A R E – W H E R E W E ’ R E G O I N G

Truman (1945-1953) Eisenhower (1953-1961) Kennedy (1961-1963)

WW2 Ends (Atom Bomb)Cold War BeginsKorean WarMarshall PlanTruman DoctrineBerlin AirliftNATO$ to France

Massive RetaliationM.A.D.McCarthyism $ to Diem in S.V.CIA Covert Ops (Iran)Hungarian RevoltSuez CrisisCamp David w/ KhrushchevU2 IncidentRise of Castro

Flexible ResponseCuba – Bay of Pigs, Missile CrisisVietnam – Advisers to help S.V.

McCarthyism-HUAC“Rosie Riveter” goes homeHigh savings rates.Fair DealGI Bill

ConformitySuburbiaGender RolesInterstate Hwy ActBrown v. BoardLittle Rock 9Montgomery Bus BoycottFreedom RidersSCLC, SNCC

New FrontierCivil RightsWarren Court (extends past JFK)

Were there two Americas in the 1950s?

• Use the photos you have been given to make preliminary piles and “labels” for the different realities Americans experienced in the 1950s.

• Note the people, places, and events that made each “America” distinct or significant.

• Play while working: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_2lGkEU4Xs

n o t e s

E I S E N H O W E R : D O M E S T I C

REWIND:TRUMAN AND A FAIR DEAL

• Liberal initiatives to solve nation’s economic and social post war problems

– New Civil Rights legislation

– Federal Housing Program

– Unemployment insurance benefits

– New tax cuts for the poor

– Federal funding for education

– A federal health care and health insurance program

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ENTER EISENHOWER:• Dynamic Conservatism

– Budget Cutting

– support for big business

– return to state and local control

• Dept’s of: Health, Education, and Welfare in 1953.

• Housing Act - 35,000 homes for low-income families.

• AFL and CIO merge (major labor unions)

• Federal Interstate Highway Act (because Commies)

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POSTWAR PROSPERITY

Continued military production (because Commies)

Servicemen Readjustment Act or GI Bill (Truman)

Technology and Mass Consumption – TV, typewriter, auto industry, etc.

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QUICK QUESTION1) THE EDITORS OF BUSINESS MAGAZINE FORTUNE

CELEBRATE AMERICAN AFFLUENCE (1955)

Read the document. As a group, generate at least 1 question to the author to either:– Clarify something that doesn’t make sense

– Challenge or call them out on something

– Contextualize what they’re talking about in terms of what else is going on at the time

CHANGES IN SOCIETY

� Conformity - avoid standing out from the crowd.� Discuss: Why after World War II would Americans

feel the need to conform and go back to “the way things should be”?

� Suburbia (example – Levittown, NY)� Gender Roles -

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QUICK QUESTION2) “SUBURBIA: OF THEE I SING” (EXCERPTS)

Read the document. As a group, generate at least 1 question to the author to either:– Clarify something that doesn’t make sense

– Challenge or call them out on something

– Contextualize what they’re talking about in terms of what else is going on at the time

CHANGES IN SOCIETY –describe gender roles…

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QUICK QUESTION3) “THE FEMININE MYSTIQUE” (EXCERPTS)

Read the document. As a group, generate at least 1 question to the author to either:– Clarify something that doesn’t make sense

– Challenge or call them out on something

– Contextualize what they’re talking about in terms of what else is going on at the time

WHAT. THE. HECK.

CHALLENGING CONFORMITY

� “The Beat Generation”� authors/musicians who

refused to give into conformity (original hipsters, forerunners of hippies.)

� Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsburg

� Betty Friedan: author of the Feminine Mystique and supporter of women’s rights.

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QUICK QUESTION4) “THIS IS THE BEAT GENERATION” (EXCERPTS)

Read the document. As a group, generate at least 1 question to the author to either:– Clarify something that doesn’t make sense

– Challenge or call them out on something

– Contextualize what they’re talking about in terms of what else is going on at the time

•2nd Red Scare (McCarthyism)•The Beat Generation•Civil Rights

WHAT DO THESE TOPICS HAVE IN COMMON?

Political: poll taxes literacy tests residency requirements

Social: Jim Crow laws white flight Emmett Till (1955)

Economic: lost jobs, cancelled insurance, denied loans

RACIAL TENSION IN THE FIFTIES

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CIVIL RIGHTS DURING

EISENHOWER

• SC: white primary unconstitutional (1944)

• Desegregation of military (1948)• Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

- overturned Plessy v. Ferguson. • Rosa Parks - Montgomery Bus

Boycott (1955)– NAACP and MLK organized

381 day boycott– Bus integration federally required

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• MLK - Southern Christian Leadership Conference (1957) -continue non-violent protests

• Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) -Trained in Civil Disobedience.

• Little Rock 9 (1957)

– Governor tried to prevent integration of Central High School.

– 101st Airborne escort students to school

CIVIL RIGHTS9 of 10

CIVIL RIGHTS

• Civil Rights Act OF 1960

– Strengthened CRA of 1957 with provisions to help with African American voter reg.

• Greensboro Sit-ins (1960)

• Freedom Riders (1961)

– to ensure integration on interstate buses was being enforced.

– Violence ensued

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MORE ON THIS LATER, BUT…If you wonder what role you would have played in the civil rights movement, look up. You’re in it right now.

Were there two Americas in the 1950s?

• Use the photos you have been given to make preliminary piles and “labels” for the different realities Americans experienced in the 1950s.

• Note the people, places, and events that made each “America” distinct or significant.

• Do you need to make any adjustments? Final conclusions? Were there two (or more) Americas in the 1950s?

QUIZ

Chapters 36-37

VIDEO CLIP – CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S64zRnnn4Po

• This guy talks really fast – but this is packed with great images and a nice review of today’s content.