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Week 7 Classification Protista & Fungi.notebook
1
February 25, 2014
EQ:What are the 3 groups in the Protista Kingdom?
Bellringer:Name 3 characteristics of Protists.
Today's to do list:• finish bacteria notes
• Protista & Fungi• Linnaeus & Aristotle
fungilike protist
algae
paramecium
Week 7 Classification Protista & Fungi.notebook
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February 25, 2014
Helpful Harmful
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria:consumes nitrogen from the atmosphere & converts it into a form that can be used by plants.
- helps breakdown/recycle twigs, leaves, etc... this decomposing bacteria returns nutrients to the ground, making them available to other organisms.- some bacteria are used to produce medicines/antibiotics cleansers bacteria for food
• bacterial diseases• dental cavities• ulcers• strep throat• food poisoning• lyme disease
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February 25, 2014
VirusesAre viruses living?
Virus - a microscopic particle that invades a cell & usually destroys it• can be found anywhere• the cause of the common cold and flu• smaller than bacteria
virus made of protein & nucleic acid
are not able to grow or breathe or perform biological functions
- cannot live on their own, MUST have a "host" to survive
(viruses are parasites)
- they can reproduce, BUT only while in their host cell
A virus acts a factory producing more viruses instead of regular cells
Classified by:1. the disease they cause, 2. their genetic material, 3. their shape
Lytic Ciycle1. finds a host2. enter the cell or inject genetic material into the host cell3. takes over the host cell4. "break out" of host cell, find another host cell, cycle repeats
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Aristotle Carolus LinnaeousPolar Bear book Holt Book pg 204
• Greek Philosopher• invented 1st known classification system for living things• classified organisms as either
plant or animal
one of his studentssubdivided them intogroups according to kind of stem & size
smaller groups according to where they live• land• air• water
• Swedish physician & botanist • founded taxonomy attempting to classify
organisms by similar characteristics• Binomial Nomenclature
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February 25, 2014
Protists
• range in size from microscopic to meters long
• some are poisonous, others are edible
• Eukaryotic - mostly unicellular; some are multicellular
• producers (autotroph) and consumers (heterotroph)
• classified by the way they obtain energy
3 Groups of Protists #1 Funguslike
• consumer, they secrete digestive juices into their food source and then absorb the digested nutrients
Examples • slime mold thin masses of living matter
colorful shapeless blobsunicellularmay come together to form one group of cells
with many nucleilive in cool, shaded, moist places (woods & fresh water)eat bacteria, yeast, decaying plant & animal mattercan get as big as 1m across• water mold
unicellular, lives in water, moist soil, or other
organisms they are decomposers and parasites
can cause disease and endanger crops
#2 PlantlikeAlgae
• producers autotroph• green because of chlorophyll• can also have other pigments to give them other
colors• most live in water• multicellular algae
seaweed/kelp can be meters long• unicellular algae
phytoplankton producers that provide food most other organisms and most of the worlds oxygen
Examples
red algaegreen algaegreen algae (most diverse group)diatoms
#3 Animallike• unicellular amoebalike soft jellylike • producers (autotrophs) fresh water• also known as protozoa salt water• some are parasites soil parasite in humans
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February 25, 2014
• Eukaryotic
• consumer
• many shapes, colors
• secretes digestive juices onto food source then absorbs the dissolved substance
• many are decomposers, others are parasites
• largest group
• yeast - uses sugar as food
• powdery mildews
• truffles- edible
• some are sources of antibiotics & vitamins
• mold (on bread, fuzzy black mold)
• usually decomposers and maybe parasitic
• umbrella shaped mushrooms are the most common
• some are edible, some are poisonous
• this group contains all of the fungi that doesn't fit into any other group
• example - disease, athlete's foot
• another form produces a poison called aflatoxin which can cause cancer
• good fungi in this group is used to produce penicillin, cheese, soy sauce, and citric acid (which is used in sodas)
Lichens
• are producers unlike fungi
• a combination of fungus and alga
• the alga lives in the walls of fungi
• can be found almost anywhere & in almost any type of environment.
• only require air, light and minerals to grow
FungiGeneral Characteristics
Thread-Like Fungi
Club Fungi
Sac- Fungi
Imperfect Fungi
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February 25, 2014
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