water and renewable energy resources in the red sea region

Water and Renewable Energy Resources in the Red Sea Region

Eng. Sayed Mansour

Eng. Mahmoud Eisa

Wind Atlas

• In 1996, a wind atlas of Suez Gulf area

was issued in cooperation with the

Danish, including wind data for 4 sites;

Abou Eldarag, Zafarana, Elzait Gulf and

Hurghada.

• The areas in the west of Suez Gulf are

considered as one of the best uninhabited

desert regions which can host about

20000 MW installed capacities of wind

farms.

7.5 8.8 9.2 9

7.5 8.4

10

5.6

10.4 10.5 10.3 10.8

6.7

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Average Wind speed

Hurghada Wind Farm

The farm includes (42) units with different technologies and

capacities from US, Denmark and Germany (2 blades,3

blades, pitch control, stall control, lattice & tubular towers,

100 &300 KW units).

Some components were locally manufactured, such as

blades, towers, mechanical and electrical joints which

represent about 40% of the wind turbine.

The farm has been connected to the local grid of the city on

stages since 1993.

Hurghada Wind Farm

Experimental Site

The first turbine was

implemented in 1990 and then 3

turbines in 1992 from Wincon

company.

100 kwh per wind turbine.

Hurghada Wind Farm

Main Site

In June 1993 the project “Vents” was the first project to

produce at the Main Site, including 10 wind turbines with

100 KWh each.

The project was a German Donation ,it was working with the

concept of pitch control system for two blades.

Hurghada Wind Farm

Main Site

In 1994 the project “Wincon” has been

implemented and started to produce in

stages.

The total project is 20 turbines of 100

KWH each.

Hurghada Wind Farm

Main Site

In May 1995, the project “Nordtank”

has been implemented and started to

produce.

The total project is 6 turbine of 300

KWH each, working with the concept

of Aerodynamic brake system.

Hurghada Wind Farm

WETC

The WETC team performed a variety

of wind turbine tests and Power

Quality Assessments, plus training

courses on the field of new and

renewable energy.

Hurghada Wind Farm

Hurghada Wind Farm

0100020003000400050006000700080009000

10000

199

3

199

4

199

5

199

6

199

7

199

8

199

9

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

20

14

Production MWH

Hurghada Wind Farm

Total Energy= 163 GWh

Carbon emission

89.8 (1000) ton

550gm gas/kw

Hurghada Wind Farm

Fuel savings

35 (1000)ton

216.1 gm/kw

Zafarana Wind Farm

First Large Scale Wind Farm In Egypt

Zafarana Wind Farm

• This wind farm was implemented in several stages since 2001,

through Governmental cooperation protocols with Germany,

Denmark, Spain and Japan.

• The total installed capacity in Zafarana wind farm is 545 MW.

• The wind farm includes 700 turbines from different models (600

kw, 660 kw, 850 kw).

Zafarana Wind Farm

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Production GWh

Zafarana Wind Farm

Carbon emission

5068 (1000 TON)

Zafarana Wind Farm

Fuel Savings

1936,000 Ton

Wind Energy in Grid 2003

Thermal

Hydro

Wind

Wind Energy in Grid 2013

Future Wind Farms

• 200 MW Wind Farm Projects in Co-operation with KfW, European

Investment Bank (EIB) and European Commission in Gulf of Zayt

-> it is planned to be operated in two weeks from now.

• 220 MW In cooperation with the Japanese Government

-> it is planned to be operated in 2016.

• 120 MW will be financed in cooperation with the Spanish Government

-> it is planned to be operated in 2016.

Future Wind Farms

• 200 MW will be financed in cooperation with the European Partners

-> it is planned to be operated in 2016/ 2017.

• 200 MW will be financed equally between NREA and the Masder

Company (a company owned by UAE Government)

-> it is planned to be operated in 2017/ 2018.

• 200 MW will be financed in cooperation with the European Partners

->it is planned to be operated in 2017/ 2018.

Future Wind Farms

• 200 MW will be financed in cooperation with the Japanese

Government

-> it is planned to be operated in 2017/ 2018.

Future Wind Farms via private sector (BOO) • 250 MW Wind Farm (Private Sector) on BOO basis in the Gulf of

Suez -> it is planned to be operated in 2016.

• 500 MW Wind Farm (Private Sector) on a BOO basis in the Gulf of

Suez -> it is planned to be operated in 2017/2018.

Future Wind Farms via private sector, Third Party Access • 120 MW Wind Farm in cooperation with Italgen in Gulf of Suez. The

project is under implementation

-> it is planned to be operated in 2016.

• 600 MW Wind Farm on Usufruct System

-> it is planned to be operated in 2016/2017 .

Water Resources in the Red Sea Area

• Pipelines from the Nile Valley

• Groundwater

• Desalination plants

• Rain

Pipelines from the Nile Valley

Qena-Safaga pipeline

- Has a total length of 180 km.

- There are three parallel lines with different

diameters: 200 mm, 300 mm and 400

mm. They are supported by 13 pumping

stations distributed on the distance from

Qena to Safaga.

- The total capacities of the lines are 17,000

m3/d distributed on three cities:

Hurghada, Safaga and El-Quseir

Pipelines from the Nile Valley

Koraimat pipeline

- The Koraimat pipeline has a diameter of

1000 mm to Ras Ghareb and then 600

mm to Hurghada.

- The total capacity of the pipeline is

28,000 m3/d distributed on three cities:

Zafarana, Ras Ghareb and Hurghada.

There are seven pumping stations on the

pipeline.

Rain & Groundwater

The Red Sea region is characterized by an arid climate, which varies

from hot and rainless summer to extremely dry winter

Average rainfall is 17.4 mm/y, the greatest amount of rainfall

precipitation was recorded in November 2004, with a value of 13 mm

The mean annual relative humidity is 43%

The mean annual evaporation rate is 16.8 mm.

Infiltration capacity of the top soil in the study area, describes the

passage of surface water into the ground for recharging shallow

groundwater aquifer

The measured infiltration rate ranges between 1.33 m/day to 8.18

m/day

Groundwater

Groundwater wells are

distributed mainly in

valleys in the Eastern

desert and serve the

Bedouin communities

Existing Desalination Plants in Red sea Governorate

Total amount produced

12100 m3/day

Planned Desalination plants in Red sea Governorate till 2037 Total capacity 507500 m3/day

Total Capacity for desalination plants in Red-sea till 2037

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2012 2017 2022 2027 2032 2037

Amount of Water Produced By different sources in Red Sea Governorate

Total amount produced

12100m3/day

16 units

Desalination

Sea Water River Nile

WTPs

Korimat WTP Beni Sueif

Total amount for produced 80000

m3/day

Total amount produced 17000

m3/day

Qena WTP

Solar Radiation

• Heat

• Light

Egypt Annual Average of Direct Solar Radiation

Red Sea region is from

7.7 to 9 KWh/m2/day

NREA : Solar Atlas

• The solar Atlas was issued in 1991, indicated that the average direct

normal solar radiation ranges between 2000 – 3200 KWh/m2/year

from North to South with very few cloudy days.

• The sunshine duration ranges between 9 – 11 hr/day.

NREA : Solar Thermal Water Heaters

• The total installed area in Egypt is about 750 thousand m2.

• There are about 20 Egyptian companies working in the field of

manufacturing, importing, and installation of solar water heaters.

NREA Projects

EGYSOL

• The project is implemented in cooperation between Egyptian

Government, Italian Government and the United Nations

Environment Program (UNEP).

• The project aims to implement a mechanism that support financing

the dissemination of solar water heaters in hotels & resorts in Red

Sea and Sinai Governorates with total cost of 500,000 US Dollar.

NREA Projects : EGYSOL

Hurghada Hilton Long Beach 72.65 m2 Marriott Beach Resort

33 m2

NREA Projects : EGYSOL

4 projects in Marsa Alam

NREA Projects : water desalination

was a simple project consisting of 6 units to produce about 350

Litter/day

Desalination plants without NREA

Solar Water Desalination in Hurghada Cooperation project between

Akotech and SE

NREA Projects : electricity

140 MW Kuraymat Integrated Solar Combined Cycle Power Plant

NREA Projects: Kuraymat

• The project is one of 3 similar projects which are being implemented

in Africa (Morocco, Algeria and Egypt) and mainly depending on

integrating solar field with combined cycle.

• The capacity of the project is 140 MW including solar share of 20

MW.

• The Total cost is about 340 Million US Dollar including 50 Million

Dollar grant from the Global Environmental Facility (GEF).

• The plant has been operated since July 2011.

NREA Projects: Photovoltic

• Electrifying Remote

Villages by Photovoltic

System in Siwa, Matrouh

Governorate.

• Photovoltic Solar Power

Plants with capacity

about 40 kw each.

NREA Projects: future Photovoltic

20 MW PV Power Plant in Hurghada in cooperation with JICA

NREA Projects: future Photovoltic

NREA is implementing the project for

electrifying 10 remote villages and

communities in Red Sea region by

using Photovoltaic System in

collaboration with the UAE.

NREA and Private sector Projects: future Photovoltic

In July 2012, the Egyptian Solar

Plan has been approved by the

Cabinet, which is targeting to

install about 3500 MW capacity

by 2027 with private investment

share of 67%, including

enhancement of relevant local

industry.

PV project not including NREA

Electrifying

road poles in

Hurghada

Energy Resources

Vission and Strategy

Information

A Need to CHANGE

A Need to SAVE

Strategy : Simple

Strategy : Creative

Strategy : Cheap

Strategy : locally manufactured

Business markets