various approaches (structural, situational, functional, communicative)

• Class: M.A. Sem-3• Roll No.: 28• Paper No. 12-A : English Language Teaching• Enrollment No.: PG 14101019• Prepared By : Vaishali Hareshbhai Jasoliya • Email – ID: jasoliyavaishali@gmail.com• Submitted To: Department of English Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University

Various Approaches (Structural, Situational, Functional, Communicative)

• What is approach?• Various approaches• Structural approach• Situational approach• Communicative approach• Functional approach

Index

What is Approach?

“Theoretical positions and beliefs about the nature of language, the nature of language learning, and the applicability of both to pedagogical settings”

• The Structural Approach• The Situational Approach• Communicative Approach• Functional Approach

Various Approaches

• Meaning:

“ The arrangement of words in such a way as to form a suitable pattern.“

• Our teaching of language , there for, must be based on those activities which are useful in learning the skill.

• The approach clearly shows that it is a way to teach the language through language with the help of graded structures, vocabulary and other language elements.

• Language learning through oral work, becomes lively and real.

The Structural Approach

• “ This Approach is based on the belief that in the learning of a foreign language, mastery of structure is more important than the acquisition of vocabulary.”

Principles of the Structural Approach• Forming language habits:

The learners should acquires the habit of arranging words in English standard sentence patterns through language drill.

• Importance of speech:Speech as more important than reading and writing. Speech is the necessary means of fixing firmly all ground work.

• Importance of pupil’s activity:The importance of the pupil’s activities rather than the activity of the teacher.

• Meaning:The approach to establish a direct relationship between the object presented and the idea, thought or linguistic symbols contained in two word or a structural item presented in the class by using and creating different appropriate, real and related situation.

The situational language teaching relies on the structural views of languages.

• Example: Picture and charts, Objects, Action, Question -answers

The Situational Approach

Principles of the Situational Approach

• Attention and interest• Action-chains• Variety and simplicity• The principle of play• The principle of hearing

• Meaning: In terms of language teaching, the communicative approach is a way of teaching a second language that avoids teaching grammar.

Instead of that, it focuses on the communicative patterns of language, that is, interaction in class throughout ordinary situations and everyday experiences.

The Communicative Approach

• Develops speech habits of the students

• Stresses most of the skill of language

• Activities are important• Student centered• Teacher is facilitator,

manager, guide• No interference of grammar• Functional side of language

is important

Principles of the communicative Approach

• Learners learn through using it to communicate authentic and meaningful communication should be the goal of classroom activities.

• Fluency is an important dimension of communication.

• Communication involves the integration of different language skill.

• Learning is a process of creative construction and involves trial and error.

The Functional Approach• The language is a vehicle for

the expression of functional meaning.

• The communicative movement in language teaching subscribes to this view of language.

• The English for specific purposes movement likewise begins not from a structural theory of language but from a functional account of learners needs.

• Thus, we can say that language is a skill and these all approaches are more important for learning a language.

Through this approaches we can learn easily language.

Conclusion