user driven development for palinet
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More Than Just P2E
Presented By: Jonathan ClarkDate: April 10th 2007
Why user-driven development is key to responding to the new user community
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Product Development should start and end with the user (UCD)
user understanding user acceptance avoid opinion wars
should deliver just what's needed (Agile) understanding of user needs by all involved prioritising to these needs avoid requirements wars
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Understand the user, their tasks and their goals
Evaluate the UI,not the user
Design for the user, make sure
they can efficiently and
easily complete their tasks
User-Centred Design Process
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Librarian
Morning Lunch Afternoon After Hours
Researcher
Student
Practitioner
Significant generalizations; Use of Elsevier electronic products is much smaller
Example: Electronic Information Retrieval
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Example: Differences and Similarities
• Values completeness and exhaustiveness
• Clinical decision support and fact lookup
• Interested in seeing what has NOT been done
• Need for a concise and easily scannable answer
• Links to references and evidence
• Current awareness
• Quick and Advanced searching
• Help user understand content
• Spellchecking
• Needs to publish original research
• Has little time to sift through large answer sets
Resea
rcher
s Practitioners
• Need for concise overviews
• Time pressured
• Highly mobile
• Collaborative
• Needs to secure grants/funding
• Likes to cast a broad search first, then systematically refine results
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Understand the user, their tasks and their goals
Evaluate the UI,not the user
Design for the user, make sure
they can efficiently and
easily complete their tasks
User-Centred Design Process
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Evolution of the Refine Results box
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Evolution of the Refine Results box
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Evolution of the Refine Results box
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Evolution of the Refine Results box
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How to display citation tools?
?
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Summary – UCD Process Involves users throughout development process Users are at the centre of the process
decisions based on user data reduces design battles & opinion wars
Iterates through “understand, design, evaluate” cycle until there is user acceptance
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Product Development should start and end with the user (UCD)
user understanding user acceptance avoid opinion wars
should deliver just what's needed (Agile) understanding of user needs by all involved prioritising to these needs avoid requirements wars
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Elsevier Agile Development Process Key characteristics:
Iterative & time-boxed Dedicated team & collaborative Customer focused & testing intensive
We talk more, write less Show software to users Acknowledge that requirements emerge Progressively refine our understanding of the product
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Elsevier Agile Development Process
Iterative Development
Iteration 1 Iteration 2 Iteration 3 Iteration 4 Iteration 5 Deployment
Preparation Feedback / Usability Testing
Release!
Initiate Project
Architect/Developer (IT Lead)
Analyst
QA Specialist
Iteration Manager
Project Manager
Product Manager
Content Workflow Manager
UCD
Prototyping
Initial Story Writing
Initial Spikes
Content Planning
+
+
+
+
Release Planning
Write Stories & Tests
Review Stories
Kick-Off
Prioritize Stories
Functionality Review
Ranking/ Estimating
Design Session
Development
Select Story
Write Tests
Verify Story
Write Code
Monitor Progress
Testing
Run Functional
Tests
Run Regression
Tests
Fix/Correct
IterationShowcase
Update Stories
UsabilityTesting
Spike
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Tell the story… Requirements are captured as “Stories” on index cards. Stories are short descriptions (1-2 sentences) of something a
user wants to do or a capability the system must have. Typical form: “As a ___, I want to __, so that I can ___”. Acceptance criteria go on the card (usually the back)
PathologyConsult2.3 Inline Images
As a pathologist, I want to be able to see images that relate to the text of a diagnosis appear in the appropriate place.
The images of Rosai should appear in the text in the appropriate place and so must be linked to the data. Images should have the label and caption underneath as well as an ALT description.
Acceptance Criteria:
· Hovering over or right-clicking the image should result in the label and caption being displayed.
· References in the text to an image should be a link that jumps the user to the image where it is displayed on the page.
Estimate:2pts
Stickers show progress:
• Red: Development has started
• Orange: Development has completed
• Yellow: Testing by Developers & QA is complete
• Blue: The Product Manager has signed off that card is complete
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User stories come from the user UCD is integral to our agile process A UCD Specialist builds prototypes in collaboration with
the Product Manager and users Analysts draw the stories from the prototypes UCD has a on-going role in the product development
process: Working one or more iterations ahead of development Gathering feedback and usability results to update stories for
future iterations Provides input to the Product Manager on the prioritization of
the stories
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PathConsult started with a book...
3000 pages >8000 images organized by organ
system 9th edition includes diagnostic
pearls
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What does a pathologist do? 90% of what a pathologist does is:
Look at microscope slides & make a diagnosis If they cannot make a diagnosis, they:
Look up information or ask a colleague or order additional stains or send out to an expert
Why do they look up information? They’re not sure what they’re looking at They can’t decide between 2 or more possible diagnoses They know what the diagnosis is but need additional information They need help on what to do to determine a diagnosis
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Pathologists at work
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Life Goals Be good at my job
Experience goals Don’t waste my time Don’t be condescending
End goals Answer a specific question
about a possible diagnosis Find a picture Find a specific piece of
information for a case Be more efficient
Perry, Private Practice, 42• Has been in private practice for 8 years• Comfortable using computers, but currently doesn’t use them as much as his
books for pathology-related questions• Often has very specific questions related to thresholds, margins, staging,
grading; just wants the important bits, not all the background or foundation information
• Driving need: Needs something that can help him work more quickly, more efficiently, and more effectively.
Perry works in a private practice located in a medium-size hospital in the western suburbs of Chicago, Illinois. There are 6 pathologists in the office, plus a pathology assistant who handles gross. Perry is the “go to” person in the office for gastrointestinal cases, but everyone handles a bit of everything.
His day is incredibly busy, with sometimes as many as 60 cases to review. The majority of the cases are fairly straightforward, though sometimes he will have a rare diagnosis. Perry usually eats lunch at his desk around noon, but often won’t it finish until a few hours later because of the number of cases he has to finish in a day.
Perry has a large library of books and refers to them often. Usually he looks for a specific picture to match a case, trying to pinpoint a diagnosis. He gets frustrated having to read through lots of text to just find the one piece of information he’s looking for, and wishes he could just jump past all of the basic information right to the things he needs. Sometimes his work is interrupted, as colleagues ask for opinions on other cases. While this can be frustrating, he doesn’t mind, as Perry often asks them for help with areas about which they are more knowledgeable.
He tries to keep up with new developments in the field, but it’s not as important as when he was an attending, since he mainly sees the same types of cases. Still, it’s good to know about new immunostains and emerging areas like genetics, even if they’re not always useful in his day-to-day work. Perry works hard, and tries his best to leave on time to get home and spend time with his wife Jeanne and his three kids.
Primary Persona
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pathologist
pathologist
pathologistconsultant
developers
product mgrthe boss
UCD developer
developers
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High-level features & benefits list A website for pathologists should contain:
Lots of high-quality pictures, with descriptions Clear, concise, and current diagnosis info Ability to compare differential diagnoses Immunohistochemical stain information
For each diagnosis, pathologists want Clinical information Gross and microscopic description Prognosis Pictures Differential diagnoses, including pitfalls and tips on what to look for
Content has to be: Concise, bulleted style Differential diagnosis information Diagnostic pearls
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High-level features & benefits list A website for pathologists should contain:
Lots of high-quality pictures, with descriptions Clear, concise, and current diagnosis info Ability to compare differential diagnoses Immunohistochemical stain information
For each diagnosis, pathologists want Clinical information Gross and microscopic description Prognosis Pictures Differential diagnoses, including pitfalls and tips on what to look for
Content has to be: Concise, bulleted style Differential diagnosis information Diagnostic pearls
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As a Persona C
I want to be able to
view diagnostic information on a group of
conditions
so that I
can decide between possible diagnoses.
Story 7
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Amyloidosis
Clear cell tumors
Hürthle cell (oncocytic) tumors
Hyalinizing trabecular adenoma and related lesions
LYMPHOID TUMORS AND TUMORLIKE CONDITIONS
Malakoplakia
Medullary carcinoma
MESENCHYMAL TUMORS
METASTATIC TUMORS
Other neuroendocrine tumors
Parathyroid tumors
Poorly differentiated carcinoma
Home >
Differential Diagnoses
Then, select up to 5 diagnoses to compare
Add
Remove
Follicular carcinoma
Follicular adenoma
Papillary carcinoma
First, select a body system
Thyroid Select a different body system
View Differential
Differential Diagnosis: low-fi prototype
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Home > Differential Diagnoses >
Comparison
Image caption (stain, magnification)
Image caption (stain, magnification)
Image caption (stain, magnification)
• Diagnostic Pearl
• Diagnostic Pearl
• Diagnostic Pearl
25 additional images available
View complete diagnostic information for Follicular carcinoma
• Diagnostic Pearl
• Diagnostic Pearl
• Diagnostic Pearl
15 additional images available
View complete diagnostic information for Follicular adenoma
• Diagnostic Pearl
• Diagnostic Pearl
• Diagnostic Pearl
18 additional images available
View complete diagnostic information for Follicular carcinoma
Papillary carcinomaRemove from comparison
Follicular adenomaRemove from comparison
Follicular carcinomaRemove from comparison
Differential Diagnosis: low-fi prototype
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Differential Diagnosis: as deployed
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Differential Diagnosis: as deployed
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3000 pages >8000 images organised by organ
system 9th edition includes diagnostic
pearls
From Pathology Book….
Online diagnostic clinical decision support covering general pathology.
Designed to be used at the point of work. Image based. Core is differential diagnosis tool to compare conditions. At launch will includes 500 most useful conditions based
on feedback from Pathologists
.....to Diagnostic Tool
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Summary When the process revolves around the user
user understanding increased => better products teams have a common focus => better collaboration
When traditional requirements are replaced by stories / low-fi prototypes etc
whole team better understands user needs => faster When short iterations are used
better prioritisation => more focus on user value The challenge is how to manage interface with less agile
parts of the organisation
Thank youj.clark@elsevier.com
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