tissues lauren viola
Post on 28-May-2015
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Tissues
• A group of cells with similar structure and function.
• Types:– Epithelial– Connective– Muscle– Nervous
Epithelial Connective Muscle Nervous Credits
Epithelial Tissues• Avascular but inverted• Regenerative• Special contacts• Composed entirely of
cells• Supported by connective
tissue• Three types
– Squamos– Cuboidal– Columnar
Home Squamos Columnar Cuboidal Transitional
Simple Squamos
• Single layer of flattened cells with disc shaped nuclei; sparse cytoplasm
• Functions– Diffusion and filtration– Provides a slick lining in
lymphatic and cardiovascular systems
Home Epithelial Stratified Squamos
Stratified Squamos
• Composed of several layers of cells
• Protects underlying areas subjected to abrasion
• Located in the epidermis, linings of the esophagus and mouth
Home Epithelial Simple Squamos
Simple Cuboidal
• Single layer of cube like cells with large spherical nuclei
• Secrets and absorbs in kidney tubules, ducts of glands and ovary surface
Home Epithelial Stratified Cuboidal
Stratified Cuboidal
• Rare in body• Typically two cell layers
thick• Found in sweat and
mammary glands
Home Epithelial Simple Cuboidal
Simple Columnar
• Single layer of tall cells with oval nuclei; many contain cilia
• Absorbs and secretes• Non-ciliated type line
digestive tract and gall bladder
• Ciliated type lines small bronchi, uterine tubes, and some regions of the uterus
Home Epithelial Stratified Columnar Psuedostratified Columnar
Stratified Columnar
• Limited in body• Found in pharynx, male
urethra ad lining of glandular ducts
• Also at transitional areas between two other types of epithelium
Home Epithelial Simple Columnar Pseudostratified Columnar
Pseudostratified Columnar• Single layer of cells with
different heights• Nuclei are seen at
different layers• Secretes and propels
mucous• Present in male sperm
carrying ducts (non-ciliated) ,and in the trachea (ciliated)
Home Epithelial Simple Columnar Stratified Columnar
Transitional
• Several cell layers thick• Stretches to permit
distension of the bladder
• Lines bladder, uterus and part of the urethra
Home Epithelial Columnar Squamos Cuboidal
Connective Tissues
• Ten Types– Proper: dense regular– Proper: dense irregular– Proper: loose reticular– Proper: loose arealar– Proper: loose adipose– Hyaline cartilage– Elastic cartilage– Fibrocartilage– Osseous (bone)– Blood
Home Proper Cartilage Bone Blood
Proper: Dense Regular
• Parallel collagen fibers with a few elastic fibers
• Major cell type is fibroblasts
• Attaches muscles to bone and other muscles to and bone to bone
• Found in tendons and ligaments
Home Connective Tissue Dense Irregular Loose Adipose Loose Reticular Loose Arealar
Proper: Dense Irregular
• Irregularly arranges collagen fibers with some elastic fibers
• Fibroblasts is the major cell type
• Withstands tension in many directions
• Found in dermis, submucosa of digestive tract and fibrous organ capsules
Home Connective Tissue Dense Regular Loose Adipose Loose Reticular Loose Arealar
Loose: Adipose
• Very sparse matrix• Closely packed fat cells,
nuclei pushed to one side by large fat droplets
• Insulates heat and protects organs
• Found under skin, around kidneys, eyeballs and in breasts
Home Connective Tissue Dense Irregular Dense Regular
Loose Reticular Loose Arealar
Loose: Areolar
• Gel like matrix with all 3 fiber types; fibroblasts, macrophages, and some white blood cells
• Cushions organs and holds tissue fluid
• Widely distributed under the epithelial of body
Home Connective Tissue Dense Irregular Dense Regular Loose Adipose Loose Reticular
Loose: Reticular
• Network of reticular fiber in a loose ground substance.
• Forms a soft internal skeleton that supports other cell types.
• Found in lymph nodes, bone marrow and spleen
Home Connective Tissue Dense Irregular Dense Regular Loose Adipose Loose Arealar
Cartilage: Hyaline
• Amphorus, firm matrix with imperceptible network of collagen fibers
• Has lacunae• Supports, reinforce,
cushions and resists compression
• Found in embryonic skeleton
Home Connective Tissue Elastic Cartilage Fibrocartilage
Cartilage: Elastic
• Similar to hyaline but with more elastic fibers
• Maintains shape and structure while allowing flexibility
• Supports external ear
Home Connective Tissue Hyaline Cartilage Fibrocartilage
Cartilage: Fibrocartilage
• Matrix is less firm then hyaline cartilage with thick collagen fibers
• Provides tensile strength and absorbs compression shock.
Home Connective Tissue Hyaline Cartilage Elastic Cartilage
Bone
• Hard, calcified matrix with collagen fibers
• Supports protects and provides levers for muscular action
• Stores calcium, minerals and fats
• Well vascularized• Marrow inside bone is the
site of hematopoiesis
Home Connective Tissue Proper CartilageBlood
Blood
• Red and white cells found in a fluid matrix (plasma)
• Functions in the transport of respiratory gasses, nutrients and wastes
• Contained within blood cells
Home Connective Tissue Proper CartilageBone
Muscle Tissue
• Highly cellular and well vascularized
• Possess myofilaments• Three types
– Skeletal– Cardiac– Smooth
Home Skeletal Cardiac Smooth
Skeletal
• Long cylindrical, multinucleate cells with obvious striations.
• Controls voluntary movement
• Found in skeletal muscles that attach bones or skin.
Home Muscular Tissue Cardiac Smooth
Cardiac
• Branching, striated, uninucleate cells interlocking at intercalated discs
• Propels blood into circulation
• Found in the walls of the heart
Home Muscular Tissue Smooth Skeletal
Smooth
• Sheets of spindle-shaped cells with central nuclei
• No striations• Propels substances
along internal passageways
• Found in the walls of hollow organs
Home Muscular Tissue Cardiac Skeletal
Nervous Tissue
• Branched neurons with long cellular processes
• Transmits electrical signals from sensory receptors to effectors
• Found in brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves
Home
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