time for the cell cycle graphing an onion root tip...onion root tip diagram 4. pie chart graph paper...

NAME:________________________________________________

TimefortheCellCycle

Question:Doallthephasesofthecellcyclerequirethesameamountoftimeforcompletion?

Hypothesis:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Totestourhypothesisyouwillbecompletinganexperimentusingthedatafromonionroottipcells.Manycellsinonespecificphaseindicatethatalongperiodoftimeisrequiredforthecompletionofthatphase.Fewcellsinaspecificphaseindicateashortperiodoftimeisrequiredforcompletionofthatphase.

Materials:1.LabDirections2.DataRecordingSheet3.OnionRootTipDiagram4.PieChartGraphPaperProcedure

1. CountandrecordinTable16-1thenumberofcellsineachphaseofthecell

cycle.

a. CountallcellsinthefieldofviewanduseFigure16-1asaguide.

2. Totalthenumberofcellsontheonionrootsamplediagramandensurethatthisequalsthenumberofcellsyou

countedandrecordthisnumberin“totalnumbercounted.”

3. Oncethenumberofcellscolumniscompletemoveontothemathtodeterminetimeineachstagecolumn.

4. Tocalculatethetimeineachstage,usethefollowingformula: 𝐍𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐨𝐟𝐜𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐩𝐡𝐚𝐬𝐞𝐓𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥𝐧𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐨𝐟𝐜𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐬𝐜𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐝

×𝐭𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐢𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐨𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐭𝐞𝐜𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐜𝐲𝐜𝐥𝐞

a. Thetotaltimetocompletethecellcycleis720minutesinanonionroottipcell

5. UsingyourdatafromTable16-1andtheoutlinebelow,prepareacirclegraphwhichshowsthenumberofminutes

thatonionroottipcellsspendineachphaseofthecellcycle.Checkoffeachstepasyougobelow:

� Graphyourdatausingthe“TimeinMinutes”columnfromTable16-1

� Thecircleisdividedinto18minutesections.Eachsectionofthegraphequals18minutes.Ifaphaseisnot

exactly18minutesoramultipleof18approximatethepositionofthelineonthegraph.

� Shadeeachphaseofyourgraphwithcoloredpencilsandlabelyourkeyaccordingly.

� LabelwhereG1,S,andG2wouldoccur.

� OutlineandlabelthephasesthatareapartofMitosisinblackpermanentmarkerandlabelthisarea“Mitosis.”

6. Usingthegraphyoucompletedanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

DataTable16-1PhaseoftheCellCycle

NumberofCells

MathtoDeterminethetimeinEachStage

Time(inMinutes)InEachStage

NumberofSectionstoColor

Interphase

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

TotalNumberofCellsCounted

48

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Graph16-1

Title:__________________________________________________________________________________

AnalysisQuestions:Answerallofthequestionsinfullsentences

1.Whichphaserequiresthelongesttimeforcompletion?

2.Whichphaserequirestheshortesttimeforcompletion?

3.Whatphaseisnotaccountedforinyourgraph?Whydoyouthinkthisisso?

4.Usingwhatyouhavelearnedinthisactivityreadthetablebelowtoanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

Table16-2PhaseoftheCell

CycleTime(Minutes)IttakesNormal

ChickenCellstoCompleteEachStageTime(Minutes)IttakesCancerousChicken

CellstoCompleteEachStageInterphase 540 380Prophase 60 45Metaphase 10 10Anaphase 3 3Telophase 12 10

a.Whatisthetotaltimeneededforanormalchickenstomachcelltocompletethecellcycle?

b.Whatisthetotaltimeneededforacancerouschickencelltocompletethecellcycle?

c.Howdocancercellsdifferfromnormalcellsintimerequiredformitosis?