the zen of visual analysis

The Zen of Visual Analysis

Chris StolteVice President, Engineering & co-founder

Jock MackinlayDirector, Visual Analysis

How do people reason about data?

The Cycle of Visual Analysis

“Wildlife Strike Database”http://wildlife-mitigation.tc.faa.gov/public_html/index.html

Not just

“Aha!”

advice:

Iterate, explore, and

experiment …regardless of task

How do we empower individuals and groups to

effectively analyze and share data?

Support the“Cycle of Visual Analysis”

IncrementalExpressiveUnifiedDirect

Supporting the “Cycle of Visual Analysis”: Incremental

Allow people to easily and incrementally change the data and how they are looking at it

click click

advice:

Start simple…

There is no single view for all tasks and all data

Supporting the “Cycle of Visual Analysis”:

Expressive

advice:Reverse your thinking

– start with the data

versus

Traditional Reporting Tools

Traditional Visualization Tools

Tableau

Unification with the database

Leverage the revolutionary changes

in database technology

Unification with the database

Make the tool disappear. Allow the user to directly interact with the data.

Direct Interaction

How is this possible?

Generate Effective Views of Data

People should not have to be

graphic designers or psychologists.

An effective presentation of data:• Communicates all of the data• Communicates only the data• Leverages the human perceptual system• Is understandable• Is interpretable

Generating Effective Views of Data

Communicates all of relevant data

Bad Bad Good

Communicates only the data

Bad Good

Leverages thehuman perceptual system

Isunderstandable

advice:Keep your visuals simple

Isinterpretab

advice:Annotate but remain focused

How does Tableau support generating effective views of data?

– Best practices are built into the product• Great defaults• Show Me and Show Me Alternatives• Small multiples

– Limiting the visual properties to a proven set– Titling, captioning, and annotation

Generate Beautiful Results

Share Interactive Views

Communicate all the data Demonstrate your confidenceAllow people to test your conclusionsLet your audience engage directly with the data

advice:Empower your audience –share interactive views

Aggregated Underlying

advice:Data is a dishbest served raw

Ad hoc analysis often reveals effective patterns of analysis.

advice:Leave a trail – model effective analysis with actions.

How do I design for interaction?

“Overview first, zoom & filter,

then details-on-demand.”

Ben Shneiderman’s mantra:

Quick filtersFiltering actionsView underlying dataTooltipsMaster-detail

Jacques Bertin’s permutation matrices:Share Interactive Views

Programmatic sort1-click sort

advice:know your audience and design for their questions

Task: Finding an object and viewing it “in context”

Wildcard filterText listsHighlighting

Task: Finding and understanding relationships

Dashboards with multiple perspectivesHighlighting

Interaction “resiliency”:Think about how your views will change when people interact

“Wildlife Strike Database”http://wildlife-mitigation.tc.faa.gov/public_html/index.html

Who can Visual Analysis help?

Anybody with data and questions

advice:Do not limit yourself tolarge data or special projects

advice:Seekoutside inspiration

SummaryIterate, explore, and experiment regardless of taskStart simpleReverse your thinking and start with the dataKeep your visuals simpleAnnotate but remain focusedUse small multiplesEmpower your audience by sharing interactive viewsData is a dish best served rawLeave a trail – model effective analysis with actionsKnow your audience and design for their questionsDon’t limit yourself to large dataSeek outside inspiration

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