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The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching
Rino Bellocco
University of Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska Institutet
October 21, 2008
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 1 / 29
Introduction
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Stata Progress
3 Teaching Medical Statistics, Epidemiology with Stata
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 2 / 29
Introduction
Some History
Releases of Stata
Version: 1.0-1.5, January 1985 - February 1987Version: 2.0-2.1, June 1989 - September 1990Version: 3.0-3.1, March 1992 - August 1993Version: 4.0, January 1995Version: 5.0, October 1996Version: 6.0, January 1999Version: 7.0, December 2000Version: 8.0-8.2, October 2003Version: 9.0-9.2, April 2005Version: 10.0-10.1, June 2007
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 3 / 29
Introduction
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 4 / 29
Introduction
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 5 / 29
Introduction
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 6 / 29
Introduction
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 7 / 29
Introduction
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 8 / 29
Introduction
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 9 / 29
Introduction
N. J. Cox 15
Table 2: Releases of Stata
1.0 January 1985 3.1 August 19931.1 February 1985 4.0 January 19951.2 March 1985 5.0 October 19961.4 August 1986 6.0 January 19991.5 February 1987 7.0 December 20002.0 June 1988 8.0 January 20032.05 June 1989 8.1 July 20032.1 September 1990 8.2 October 20033.0 March 1992
Table 3: Stata 1.0 and Stata 1.1
append dir infile plot spoolbeep do input query summarizeby drop label regress tabulatecapture erase list rename testconfirm exit macro replace typeconvert expand merge run usecorrelate format modify savecount generate more setdescribe help outfile sort
Stata 1.0 had int, long, float, and double variables; it did not have byte or str#.
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 10 / 29
Introduction
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 11 / 29
Stata Progress
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Stata Progress
3 Teaching Medical Statistics, Epidemiology with Stata
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 12 / 29
Stata Progress
Version 1 - Version 2: Some Important Steps
Survival Analysis, Kaplan-Meier estimate and Cox regression wasimplemented in its basic form in Version 2.The first Stata book was Statistics with Stata, from L. HamiltonTeaching of Statistics with Stata, or of Stata itself, has never beenthe first concern of Stata’s developers, who see Stata as primarilysoftware for research, but there has been always been strong andpositive support for people who write texts linked to Stata (A quotefrom Nick Cox)The release of Stataques: the ”student” statistical package, wherethe first version of the menu system was incorporated. LawrenceHamilton suggested a ”statistical calculator” in the program to takeadvantage of the ”immediate” commands,
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 13 / 29
Stata Progress
Version 3: much added
logistic, ologit, oprobit, clogit, mlogittobit, cnreg, rreg, qreg, weibull, eregepitabweights reconsidered: pweightsmvreg, sureg, heckman, nlreg, areg, canonnbregconstrained linear regressionml (first version)codebook
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 14 / 29
Stata Progress
Version 3: Epitab, a friend for epidemiologists
Cohort studiesir & irics & csi
Case control studiescc & ccitaboddsmhodds
Matched Case control studiescc & ccitaboddsmhodds
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 15 / 29
Stata Progress
Version 4 - Version 5
Stata marries WindowsMac version releasedStata.comglmxt commands introducedst package
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 16 / 29
Stata Progress
Version 6
web aware (use http://, updating, etc.)st rewritten
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 17 / 29
Stata Progress
Version 7
frailtycluster analysisrocStata for MAC OS XWindowed UNIXAn Introduction to Survival Analysis using Stata
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 18 / 29
Stata Progress
Version 8
graphicsextended GUI, dialog boxes available for all commandsgllamm
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 19 / 29
Stata Progress
Version 9 - Version 10
xtmixedmataimproved do editorgraphic editorexact methodspower calculation
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 20 / 29
Teaching Medical Statistics, Epidemiology with Stata
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Stata Progress
3 Teaching Medical Statistics, Epidemiology with Stata
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 21 / 29
Teaching Medical Statistics, Epidemiology with Stata
Key textbooks
Regression with graphics (Hamilton)A short introduction to Stata for Biostatistics (Hill and De Stavola):effmenuMedical Statistics (Kirkwood, Sterne)An Introduction to Stata for Health Researchers (Juul)An handbook of Statistical analysis using Stata (Rabe-Hesketh,Everitt)Statistical modeling for biomedical researchers (Dupont)
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 22 / 29
Teaching Medical Statistics, Epidemiology with Stata
Key web: http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/stata/
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 23 / 29
Teaching Medical Statistics, Epidemiology with Stata
University supporting teaching of Medical Statisticswith Stata
UCLAHarvard University, School of Public HealthJohn Hopkins, School of Public HealthKarolinska Institutet, Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsLondon School of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, MedicalStatistics UnitToo many others to list
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 24 / 29
Teaching Medical Statistics, Epidemiology with Stata
Advantage of Stata
SimpleDirectFastAffordableFun to learn and to apply
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 25 / 29
Teaching Medical Statistics, Epidemiology with Stata
Applied Statistics
Introductory Statistics (summarize, tabulate, tabstat)Categorical Data Analysis (epitab, standardization, kappa, logistic)Analysis of Prospective Studies (epitab, poisson)Longitudinal Data Analysis (xtmixed)Survival Analysis (st,sttoc)
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 26 / 29
Teaching Medical Statistics, Epidemiology with Stata
Statistics
MataProgrammingSimulationBootstrapping
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 27 / 29
Teaching Medical Statistics, Epidemiology with Stata
Suggestions for Graduate teaching of Biostatistics
Discrete Survival TimeScore TestComplete longitudinal procedure
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 28 / 29
Teaching Medical Statistics, Epidemiology with Stata
Bellocco (Milano-Bicocca & Karolinska ) The use of Stata in Biostat Teaching October 21, 2008 29 / 29
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