the promise of drug courts the promise of adult substance abuse court beverly c. snow, lsw fmj...
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The Promise of The Promise of Drug CourtsDrug Courts
THE PROMISE OF THE PROMISE OF Adult SUBSTANCE Adult SUBSTANCE
ABUSE COURT ABUSE COURT
Beverly C. Snow, LSWBeverly C. Snow, LSW FMJ Multi-County ASAC Coordinator FMJ Multi-County ASAC Coordinator
Fairmont, Minnesota Fairmont, Minnesota (507) 238-3226 (507) 238-3226
beverly.snow@courts.state.mn.usbeverly.snow@courts.state.mn.us
ASAC TeamASAC Team
Honorable Robert Walker, Judge of District CourtHonorable Robert Walker, Judge of District Court Honorable Douglas Richards, Judge of District Honorable Douglas Richards, Judge of District
CourtCourt Honorable Linda Titus, Judge of District CourtHonorable Linda Titus, Judge of District Court Michael Trushenski, Assistant County AttorneyMichael Trushenski, Assistant County Attorney Del Ellis, Fairmont Law EnforcementDel Ellis, Fairmont Law Enforcement Richard Odom, Fountain Centers FairmontRichard Odom, Fountain Centers Fairmont Troy Timmerman, 5Troy Timmerman, 5thth District Public Defender District Public Defender Vicki Savick, Health & Human ServiceVicki Savick, Health & Human Service Lisa Lanphere, Department of CorrectionsLisa Lanphere, Department of Corrections
ASAC Team ContinuesASAC Team Continues
Senator Julie RosenSenator Julie Rosen Carrie Hemiller, Health & Human ServiceCarrie Hemiller, Health & Human Service Beverly C. Snow, ASAC CoordinatorBeverly C. Snow, ASAC Coordinator Brad Gerhardt, Martin County SheriffBrad Gerhardt, Martin County Sheriff Jim Sop, Department of CorrectionsJim Sop, Department of Corrections Roger Hawkinson, Jackson County SheriffRoger Hawkinson, Jackson County Sheriff Todd Duit, Faribault County Sheriff DepartmentTodd Duit, Faribault County Sheriff Department Terry Viesselman, Martin County AttorneyTerry Viesselman, Martin County Attorney Robert O’Conner, Jackson County AttorneyRobert O’Conner, Jackson County Attorney Brian Roverud, Faribault County AttorneyBrian Roverud, Faribault County Attorney
HHS National Drug SurveysHHS National Drug Surveys
National Household Survey-National Household Survey-Monitors Monitors trends in illicit drug use and attitudes about trends in illicit drug use and attitudes about drugs among Americans age 12 and older.drugs among Americans age 12 and older.
Monitoring the Future Survey-Monitoring the Future Survey-Monitors Monitors students in the 8th,10th, and 12th grades.students in the 8th,10th, and 12th grades.
Drug Abuse Warning Network-Drug Abuse Warning Network- Records Records drug-related hospital emergency department drug-related hospital emergency department episodes and drug-related arrestsepisodes and drug-related arrests
The Good NewsThe Good News Lifetime, past year and past Lifetime, past year and past
month use of illicit drugs among month use of illicit drugs among teenagers remained stable or teenagers remained stable or declined for the 4th year in a row.declined for the 4th year in a row.
Overall trend of stability in the Overall trend of stability in the numbers of drug-related numbers of drug-related emergency room visits over the emergency room visits over the past 5 years. past 5 years.
We Need to Do MoreWe Need to Do More 30% of 12th graders, 26% of 10th 30% of 12th graders, 26% of 10th
graders and 14.1% of 8th graders graders and 14.1% of 8th graders reported binge drinking in the past reported binge drinking in the past month.month.
8.2 million (3.7% of population) are8.2 million (3.7% of population) are
dependent on alcoholdependent on alcohol
We Need To Do MoreWe Need To Do More
14.8 million Americans (6.7% of those 12 and older) 14.8 million Americans (6.7% of those 12 and older) were current users of illicit drugs in 1999. were current users of illicit drugs in 1999.
Overall, an estimated 10.3 million people are Overall, an estimated 10.3 million people are dependent on either alcohol or illicit drug (4.7% of dependent on either alcohol or illicit drug (4.7% of population).population).
4 million or 1.7% of population are addicted to illicit 4 million or 1.7% of population are addicted to illicit drugs in this country.drugs in this country.
We Need to do MoreWe Need to do More
The current rate of any illicit drug use among 18-25 The current rate of any illicit drug use among 18-25 year olds is significantly higher (16.1%) than in 1994 year olds is significantly higher (16.1%) than in 1994 (3.3%). (3.3%).
Economic cost of alcohol and drug abuse is Economic cost of alcohol and drug abuse is approximately 250 billion a year.approximately 250 billion a year.
Criminal justice is driven by drug and alcohol abuse.Criminal justice is driven by drug and alcohol abuse.
ASAC Needs To Do MoreASAC Needs To Do More
MentorshipMentorship
Recovery SponsorshipRecovery Sponsorship
Volunteers Volunteers
IncentivesIncentives
What can you do?What can you do?
What is Happening in What is Happening in American Criminal American Criminal
Justice:Justice: 11 million offenders pass through 11 million offenders pass through
American jails each year.American jails each year. Over half of jail inmates are already Over half of jail inmates are already
under supervision at their most recent under supervision at their most recent arrest:arrest:
Two-thirds of adult arrestees and more Two-thirds of adult arrestees and more than one-half of juvenile arrestees test than one-half of juvenile arrestees test positive for at least one illicit drug.positive for at least one illicit drug.
What is happening in What is happening in American Criminal Justice:American Criminal Justice:
7 out of 10 jail inmates had prior 7 out of 10 jail inmates had prior sentences to probation or sentences to probation or incarceration.incarceration.
4 out of 10 had served three or more 4 out of 10 had served three or more sentences. sentences.
2.2 million Americans incarcerated in 2.2 million Americans incarcerated in the United States.the United States.
What Does This Mean?What Does This Mean?
We are a Nation of fewer We are a Nation of fewer addicts, addicts,
but but
a Nation of more harmful a Nation of more harmful
and destructive addicts.and destructive addicts.
What is ASAC’s What is ASAC’s Philosophical Base?Philosophical Base?
PunishmentPunishment
or or
RehabilitationRehabilitation
Who Uses DrugsWho Uses Drugs 80% of jail and prison inmates80% of jail and prison inmates 55% of probationers55% of probationers 80% of parolees80% of parolees 60% of arrestees60% of arrestees 80% of child abuse and neglect 80% of child abuse and neglect
casescases 80% of jail and prison inmates80% of jail and prison inmates 50% of domestic violence50% of domestic violence
incidentsincidents
What if we put them in What if we put them in prison?prison?
Criminal RecidivismCriminal Recidivism
70% of drug abusers re-offend70% of drug abusers re-offend
Relapse to Drug AbuseRelapse to Drug Abuse
85% relapse within first year85% relapse within first year
95% relapse within 3 years95% relapse within 3 years
Addiction is No Longer Addiction is No Longer KnownKnown
as Just a “Moral Problem”as Just a “Moral Problem”Physiological DependencePhysiological Dependence
Emotional and SpiritualEmotional and Spiritual
BankruptcyBankruptcy
HabitualHabitual
What we Know about CoercionWhat we Know about Coercion SocialSocial ContractingContracting Exerting leverageExerting leverage InterventionIntervention The choice of one possibility The choice of one possibility
over anotherover another Keeping a patient engaged in Keeping a patient engaged in
treatmenttreatment
Coercion in the Private Coercion in the Private SectorSector
Coercion in the CriminalCoercion in the CriminalJustice SystemJustice System
Coercion in the Criminal Coercion in the Criminal Justice SystemJustice System
We can capitalize on the trauma and We can capitalize on the trauma and consequences of an arrest to intervene consequences of an arrest to intervene earlier in the addict’s “career” of abuse.earlier in the addict’s “career” of abuse.
With coercion, more substance abusers With coercion, more substance abusers will enter treatment sooner and will stay will enter treatment sooner and will stay longer.longer.
Coercion in the Coercion in the Criminal Criminal
Justice SystemJustice System““We needWe need to punish the to punish the offenders we are afraid of offenders we are afraid of
and and
treat the ones we are mad treat the ones we are mad at”at”
TreatmentTreatment
The length of time a patient spent in The length of time a patient spent in treatment was a reliable predictor of treatment was a reliable predictor of his or her post treatment his or her post treatment performance.performance.
Coerced patients tend to stay longer.Coerced patients tend to stay longer.
Treatment RetentionTreatment RetentionSeventy-one percent (71%) of the more Seventy-one percent (71%) of the more than 100,000 persons admitted to U.S. than 100,000 persons admitted to U.S.
drug courtdrug court
(1989-1997)(1989-1997)
U.S. General Accounting Office (GOA)U.S. General Accounting Office (GOA)
Sixty-seven percent (67%) of the more Sixty-seven percent (67%) of the more than 200,000 person admitted to U.S. than 200,000 person admitted to U.S.
drug courtdrug court
(1989-2000)(1989-2000)
American UniversityAmerican University
How does ASAC How does ASAC Successfully AddressSuccessfully Address
the Drug-Addicted the Drug-Addicted Offender?Offender?
Incentives Sanctions
What is ASAC Court?What is ASAC Court?
“ “ ASAC Drug court is a ASAC Drug court is a reality-based common-reality-based common-sense approach to the sense approach to the adult drug offender.”adult drug offender.”
ASAC’s Purpose ASAC’s Purpose
Admit Adult Offenders’ Admit Adult Offenders’ to Treatment quicker to Treatment quicker
& &
keep them in long keep them in long enough for it enough for it to Work!to Work!
““Drug courts provide the Drug courts provide the mostmost
comprehensive and comprehensive and effectiveeffective
control of drug-using control of drug-using offenders’ criminality and offenders’ criminality and drug usage while under drug usage while under the court’s supervision.”the court’s supervision.”
In 2000, the Conference In 2000, the Conference of Chief Justices and the of Chief Justices and the Conference of State Court Conference of State Court Administrators passed a Administrators passed a resolution endorsing drug resolution endorsing drug courts and other problem courts and other problem solving courts.solving courts.
Minnesota Drug Courts Minnesota Drug Courts TodayToday
FMJ Multi - CountyFMJ Multi - CountyAdult Substance Abuse CourtAdult Substance Abuse Court
(ASAC) History (ASAC) History 2002 – Invited Beverly Roche (Snow), 2002 – Invited Beverly Roche (Snow),
Dodge County Drug Court Coordinator to Dodge County Drug Court Coordinator to share with Martin County about Dodge share with Martin County about Dodge County Drug CourtCounty Drug Court
2005, November – Contact with Fifth 2005, November – Contact with Fifth Judicial District, SCAO Office and Blue Judicial District, SCAO Office and Blue Earth County, gathering information on Earth County, gathering information on Drug CourtDrug Court
ASAC History ContinuedASAC History Continued 2006, January 4th – held first team meeting2006, January 4th – held first team meeting
February 23rd – Visit Dodge County Drug CourtFebruary 23rd – Visit Dodge County Drug Court April– Began discussion of Multi- County – Faribault, Martin April– Began discussion of Multi- County – Faribault, Martin
& Jackson Counties& Jackson Counties SCAO Meeting St. Cloud on Multi- County CourtsSCAO Meeting St. Cloud on Multi- County Courts April 26th – Team met with Blue Earth County CoordinatorApril 26th – Team met with Blue Earth County Coordinator May 23-26 – DCPI Training, DuluthMay 23-26 – DCPI Training, Duluth July – Applied for SCAO GrantJuly – Applied for SCAO Grant September – 5th Judicial District received $200,000 to start September – 5th Judicial District received $200,000 to start
two multi-county drug courtstwo multi-county drug courts DCPI Training Duluth DCPI Training Duluth
ASAC History continuesASAC History continues
October– Full time CoordinatorOctober– Full time Coordinator Draft of Policies and StandardsDraft of Policies and Standards Draft of Memorandum of UnderstandingDraft of Memorandum of Understanding November – Memorandum of Understanding November – Memorandum of Understanding
signed by all three Countiessigned by all three Counties
Set date for first CourtSet date for first Court
Participant Handbook approvedParticipant Handbook approved December 5th – First Court ASAC Court held – 4 December 5th – First Court ASAC Court held – 4
participantsparticipants
ASAC PhasesASAC Phases
Phase I –Choice Phase I –Choice Phase II – Challenge Phase II – Challenge Phase III – Change Phase III – Change Phase IV – Commencement Phase IV – Commencement
(graduation)(graduation)
Commencement Commencement ( Graduation )( Graduation )
Participants who have successfully: Participants who have successfully: achieved their individual program goals achieved their individual program goals Six months of continuous sobriety Six months of continuous sobriety Completed all PhasesCompleted all Phases Completed all court sanctions and Completed all court sanctions and Participated a minimum of 18 months Participated a minimum of 18 months
eligible to graduate ASAC eligible to graduate ASAC
ASACASACBeyond Vision…Beyond Vision…
Toward Reality!Toward Reality!
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