the knee anatomy mazyad alotaibi. the knee joint complex tibiofemoral joint* patellofemoral joint*...
Post on 01-Jan-2016
237 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
The KneeAnatomy
Mazyad Alotaibi
The Knee Joint Complex
Tibiofemoral Joint* Patellofemoral Joint* Tibiofibular Joint
Capsular Pattern – Greater loss of flexion than extension
Bones Femur – condyles covered with articular cartilage,
intercondylar groove, patella groove
Tibia – bifid plateau
Patella – medial and lateral articulating facets-increases the lever arm of the quadriceps-increases the distribution of compressive force on the femur in full flexion
LigamentsStrong ligaments provide the static stability system for the knee
MCL & LCL
Provide medial/ lateral stability and prevent excessive external rotation of the tibia
Frequently injured on the joint line MCL – Frequently injured by an external rotation
strain– Has deep and superficial fibres
LCL – Frequently injured by adduction blow to the knee
ACL
Ant part of intercondylar area
Up, back, lateral Med asp of lat fem
condyle
ACL & PCL
Provide ant / post stability of the knee ACL – also controls rotation
– Commonly injured by forced internal rotation of the femur on a fixed tibia and flexed knee
PCL – strongest -Commonly injured in flexion with an
anterior force
Joint capsule – attached to the medial meniscus and MCL
Coronary Ligaments – bind the menisci to the tibia
Menisci
Lateral and medial Peripherally thicker than
central Transverse lig attaches Increase stability Shock absorbing Lubrication and nutrition Injured during twisting
activities
MusculatureDynamic stability system of the knee
ITB – anterior and lateral stability and prevent excessive internal rotation of the tibia
Quadriceps – Lat vs med to maintain patella in groove
Sartorius and Gracilis – medial stability, knee and hip flex
Hamstrings
Prevent anterior displacement of the tibia
Pes anserine – sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosis.
Biceps femoris
Primarily produce knee flex and also external rotation of the tibia
Gastrocnemius – primarily ankle flexor also assists with knee flexion
Popliteus – WB external rotation and extension of the tibia– Attaches to the posterior horn of the lateral
meniscus and pulls back the posterior horn to unlock the knee
Bursa
Suprapatellar – continuation of the synovial sac
Prepatellar Deep and superficial infrapatellar Also semimembranosus and
med head of gastroc, Gastroc heads and capsule Pes anserine tendon
Surface markings
Joint line Medial collateral ligament Lateral collateral ligament Medial coronarys Gerdy’s Tubercle Pes Anseurine Bursa
top related