the chemistry of acids and bases. acids and bases: naming at the conclusion of our time together,...

Acids and Bases: NamingAt the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to:

1. Name any acid or base 2. Determine if the acid is binary or

ternary (oxy-acid) and use the appropriate naming system

Naming Acids

Prefix

Hydro-

Stem or root of nonmetal

< NM >

Suffix

-ic acid

HCl Hydro

HI

HCl is a binary acid – hydrogen - nonmetal

chlor ic acid

H2S

Naming Acids (cont.)Ternary Acids (oxyacids):Contain “H”, “O” and one more element

To Name:Polyatomic ion “ate” “ic” + acid

Ex: HNO3 = Nitr-ate ic + acidNitric acid

HClO3 =

An easy way to remember which goes with which…

“In the cafeteria, you ATE something ICky”

Naming Acids (cont.)If the acid has one more oxygen than the root acid, the naming goes as follows:

To Name: Per + Polyatomic ion “ate” “ic” + acid

Ex: HNO4 = Per + Nitr-ate ic + acidPernitric acid

H2SO5 =

Naming Acids (cont.) If the acid has one less oxygen than the root acid, the naming goes as follows:

To Name: Polyatomic ion “ite” “ous” + acid

Ex: HNO2 = Nitr-ite ous + acidNitrous acid

H2SO3 =

h yd ro - p re fix-ic e n d ing

2 e le m e n ts

-a te e nd ingb e co m es-ic e nd ing

-ite e nd ingb e co m es

-o u s e nd ing

n o h yd ro - p re f ix

3 e le m e n ts

A C ID Ss ta rt w ith 'H '

Summary of Naming Ternary Acids

• HBr HBr (aq)(aq)

• HH22COCO33

• HH22SOSO33

hydrohydrobrombromicic acidacid

carboncarbonicic acidacid

sulfursulfurousous acidacid

HI (aq)

HCl (aq)

H2SO3

HNO3

HClO4

Naming Bases

Name the metal firstAdd hydroxide

Ex: NaOH = Sodium hydroxideKOH =

Practice Naming BasesFormula Name

NaOH

Fe(OH)3

Mg(OH)2

Ni(OH)2NH4OH

Sodium hydroxide

Iron (III) hydroxide

Magnesium hydroxide

Nickel (II) hydroxide

Ammonium hydroxide

Acids and Bases: NamingLet’s see if you can:

1. Name any acid or base 2. Determine if the acid is binary or

ternary (oxy-acid) and use the appropriate naming system

Name HCl.

1. Hydrogen chloride2. Hydrochloric acid3. Chloric acid4. Perchloric acid5. Chlorous acid6. Hypochlorus acid7. I have no idea!!8. Who cares??

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Name HClO.

1. Hydrogen chloride2. Hydrochloric acid3. Chloric acid4. Perchloric acid5. Chlorous acid6. Hypochlorus acid7. I have no idea!!8. Who cares??

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Name HClO3.

1. Hydrogen chloride2. Hydrochloric acid3. Chloric acid4. Perchloric acid5. Chlorous acid6. Hypochlorus acid7. I have no idea!!8. Who cares??

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Name HClO4.

1. Hydrogen chloride2. Hydrochloric acid3. Chloric acid4. Perchloric acid5. Chlorous acid6. Hypochlorus acid7. I have no idea!!8. Who cares??

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Name HClO2.

1. Hydrogen chloride2. Hydrochloric acid3. Chloric acid4. Perchloric acid5. Chlorous acid6. Hypochlorous acid7. I have no idea!!8. Who cares??

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Name H2SO4

1. Hydrogen Sulfate2. Hydrosulfuric acid3. Sulfuric acid4. Persulfuric acid5. Sulfurous acid6. Hyposulfurous acid7. I have no idea!!8. Who cares??

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Name H3PO3

1. Hydrogen phosphite2. Hydrophosphic acid3. Phosphoric acid4. Perphosphic acid5. Phosphorous acid6. Hypophosphorous acid7. I have no idea!!8. Who cares??

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Name HNO.

1. Hydrogen Nitrite2. Hydronitric acid3. Nitric acid4. Pernitric acid5. Nitrous acid6. Hyponitrous acid7. I have no idea!!8. Who cares??

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Name Sr(OH)2

1. Strontium (II) Hydroxide2. Strontium Oxygen

Hydrogen3. Strontium Oxyhydride4. Strontium Hydroxide5. Strontinoic Acid6. Strontium Dihydroxide7. Not listed1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

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Name Fe(OH)3

1. Iron (III) Hydroxide2. Iron Hydroxide3. Ironic Acid4. Iron (I) Hydroxide5. Iron Oxyhydride6. Not listed

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