tetra fish

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Schooling Patterns in Paracheirodon innesi

by Marisa Portenti (mportenti@drew.edu), Frank Minio (fminio@drew.edu), Zack Bakun (zbakun@drew.edu)

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Introduction: Habitat

Tropical America

Why School? Minimize predation Mating ritual Food collection Migration

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Introduction: RQ: Does the movement of a school of tetra

fish (Paracheirodon innesi) affect the movement of an individual tetra fish?

Hypotheses H0 = no correlation H1 ≠ no correlation Expected: correlation between movement of

school with movement of individual fish

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Materials:• Tank A (Control)• Tank B (Experimental)• Net• Tetra fish

Tank A (Control)

Tank B (Experimental)

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Methods:• Control (Tank A):• Separate one fish• Stimulus – swipe net from on side of tank to other• Test school movement • Test response of individual fish• Repeat 10 times per each of 3 subjects

School’s Movement

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Methods, Continued:• Experimental (Tank B):• Separate one fish• Stimulus – swipe net from on side of tank to other• Test change in subject movement• Repeat 10 times per each of 3 subjects

School’s Movement

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Results, Control:

• For all three subjects

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Results, Experimental:

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Conclusions: H0 = no correlation H1 ≠ no correlation Trial #1: 90% responded Trial #2: 80% responded Trial #3: 80% responded ~83% of average trials responded to

school’s movement

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Conclusions: Data suggests that the null would be

rejected, implying a strong, positive correlation

Schooling patterns were unaffected by transparent barrier

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Conclusions:

Improvements Testing with no stimulus to school Quantify data further (Pearson

correlational coefficient, r2) Time-based element

Bias Not all fish were always behind barrier Subject moving independently of

school

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References: Leo N. 2012. Paracheirodon innesi. USGS

nonindigenous aquatic species database, Gainesville, FL. http://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/factsheet.aspx?SpeciesID=426 Buckheim J. A quick course in ichthyology [Internet]. http://www.marinebiology.org/fish.htm

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Thank You!Any questions?

by Marisa Portenti (mportenti@drew.edu), Frank Minio (fminio@drew.edu), Zack Bakun (zbakun@drew.edu)