technologies for sustainable development dr. v. k. sethi, research adviser centre for energy...

TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Dr. V. K. Sethi, Research Adviser

CENTRE FOR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

OSMANIA UNIVERSITY

• Thermal Power Generation - 65-70% of total Power

• PC Power Plants - 84% of Thermal

• Estimated Coal Reserves - 202 Billion Tonnes

• Ash content in Indian Coals - 40-48%

• 500 MW PC Fired Power Plants(170 bar, 535oC) - 34%

• Super Critical Units(250 bar, 540oC) - 37.5%

• Ultra Super Critical(285 bar, 580oC) - 40%(AUSTENATIC ALLOY STEEL for PRESSURE PARTS)

• IGCC Power Plants - 37-39% 48% with advanced gas turbines

• Refinery bottom IGCC - 2.0% Higher than Coal based

• Advantages of IGCC - Low Emissions Environment friendly

low grade or high Ash Coals can be used

Types•Coal / Lignite based IGCC

•RAW PET-COKE / Refinery Residue IGCC

• Bagasse based Co-generation

Gasification Conversion of Coal / Lignite / BagasseCombustible gas

Primary Thermal Decomposition CO, CO2, H2, H2O,

CH4, H2S, N2, Tar, Oils and Phenols

Secondary C + H2O CO+H2

Fluidised Bed Combustion Technology (FBC)

Flue Gas De-Sulpharisation (FGD) through

Lime-Stone injection

NOx reduction through injection of steam

CO2 reduction through supercritical steam

parameters

• CFBC Higher Fluid Velocity, entraining bed Material

• Bubbling Dense Fluid bed, Low Fluid Velocity, Good Heat Transfer

• PFBC Higher Efficiency

Pressure 6-16 times than AFBC

Second Generation PFBC

integrates combustion with Coal Gasifier to Fuel gas turbine

50% Efficiency

Issues to be discussed

Improvement in IGCC Power Plant• Energy Efficiency• Power Cycle Optimization• Advanced Gasifier System with

PFBC/CFBC• Hot Gas De-Sulpharisation• Advanced Turbine Systems• Hot Gas Particulate Removal

• CO2 emission abatement

• Configuration of IGCC System

Technology Demonstration

100 MW to establish reliability and performance

Fuel Gas Clean-up

Heating Value, Sulphur content, alkali content, Ammonia, Tar and Particulate content

Environmental and Turbine protection

Hot Fuel Gas cleaning

Zinc based regenerative sorbents

Advanced Hot Gas cleaning

Solid Sorbents based on ZnO2

combined with metal carriers (Zinc Titanate)

FB gasification

Feeding Dolomite, Lime-Stone

Sulphur removal 815-1035oC