technical white paper for ip network performance manager
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8/12/2019 Technical White Paper for IP Network Performance Manager
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Technical White Paper for
IP Network Performance manager
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Technical White Paper for IP Network Performance Manager
Copyright 2007 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved.http://datacomm.huawei.com
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The List of Contents1. PREFACE .......................................................................................................................... 1
2. INTRODUCTION TO IP NETWORK PERFORMANCE MANAGER ................................. 1
2.1 Critical Concepts ........................................................................................................ 1
2.1.1 Test Point ............................................................................................................ 2
2.1.2 Path..................................................................................................................... 4
2.2 Brief Introduction to the Functions.............................................................................. 5
2.3 Working Principles...................................................................................................... 6
2.3.1 Composition of IP Network Performance Manager ............................................ 62.3.2 Working Flow of IP Network Performance Manager........................................... 7
2.3.3 Relevant Protocols and MIB ............................................................................... 8
3. CRITICAL FEATURES OF IP NETWORK PERFORMANCE MANAGER ........................ 8
3.1 Product Features List ................................................................................................. 8
3.2 Device Monitoring..................................................................................................... 10
3.3 Link Monitoring..........................................................................................................11
3.4 QoS Monitoring between Path and Test Point ......................................................... 13
3.5 Management of Equipment from Multiple Vendors .................................................. 14
3.6 Threshold-Crossing Early Warning........................................................................... 15
3.7 Other System Features ............................................................................................ 15
4. TYPICAL APPLICATION OF IP NETWORK PERFORMANCE MANAGER ................... 16
4.1 Planning of Monitoring Object and Monitoring Time ................................................ 16
4.2 Probe Deployment Policy ......................................................................................... 17
5. END.................................................................................................................................. 17
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Technical White Paper for IP Network ManagerAbstrac t: IP network performance manager helps the operators monitor the network
resources utilization and network operation performance, discover possible
problems on the network, provide data support tool for market planning,
introduce test point, path, link and device as IP network monitoring object, and
fulfill the IP network performance management through the probe + server
mode. This document introduces the basic concept, working principle, product
feature and typical application of IP network performance manager.
Keywords:IP network performance, test point, path, probe, delay, packet loss and jitter
1. Preface
The network scale of the broadband network operator becomes larger and larger and
customers have higher and higher requirement for the Quality of Service (QoS) of the
upper application and upper service. If the operator administrators still treat the
Broadband Network as a black box, they cannot break away from the passive
situation of processing customers complaints. Therefore, operators must find a
monitor of IP network operation quality situation, to help the operators conveniently
monitor the IP network resource utilization and network operation performance, timely
discover possible problems on the network and provide data operation for market
planning, network optimization and network operation and maintenance.
2. Introduction to IP Network Performance
Manager
IP network performance manager is to monitor IP network better. Here come the
introductions to new concepts such as test point and path, for the sake of
understanding the features of IP network performance manager.
2.1 Crit ical Concepts
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2.1.1 Test Point
Test point is the reference point of network performance test, which are
representative device points selected from the IP network performances by users
when monitoring the entire network performance. Through obtaining the performance
parameters such as delay, packet loss and jitter of the node, other test point or IP
address, learn the operation situation of the network.
Note: The test point is defined by users manually in the IP network performance
manager, without necessary relation with the actual network location of device.
Test points at different network locations are defined as level 1 test point and level 2
test point:
Level 1 test point: It is the test point for complete-interconnection performance
monitor, that is, the system makes complete-interconnection performance
indices measurement between level 1 test points. Generally, level 1 test points
are on the backbone layer of network.
Level 2 test point: It is the test point for hub-spoke performance monitor. A level
2 test point must belong to a level 1 test point, that is, the system makes
hub-spoke index measurement between level 2 test points under a level 1 test
point. Generally, the level 2 test points are on convergence or access layer.
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Legend Level 1 test point
Level 2 test point
Path
Measurement path of delay and packet loss
Figure 1 Basic concept of test point and path
The following describes the use and function of network performance manager with
examples. In the network as shown in Figure 1, specify Shanghai, Xi'an, Guangzhou
and Beijing as level 1 test point. Then, in the IP network performance manager, make
measurement for the operation quality indices between the four level 1 test points,
and make and generate the following matrix data report.
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Table 1 Delay and packet loss report example between level 1 test points
Shanghai Xi'an Guangzhou Beijing
Source/
Destination Delay
(ms)
Packet
loss
ratio
(%)
Delay
(ms)
Packet
loss
ratio (%)
Delay
(ms)
Packet
loss
ratio
(%)
Delay
(ms)
Packet loss
ratio (%)
Shanghai --- --- 9.00 0.00 41.00 0.00 23.00 0.00
Xi'an 61.00 0.00 --- --- 41.00 0.00 49.00 0.00
Guangzhou 38.00 0.00 144.00 0.00 --- --- 26.00 0.00
Beijing 24.00 0.00 12.00 0.00 14.00 2.10 --- ---
Note: Red data indicate the threshold-crossing data.
The delay threshold value is 120.0 (ms). The packet loss threshold is 2.0 (%).
In the network as shown in Figure 1, specify Shenzhen, Dongguan and Shantou as
level 2 test point under level 1 test point Guangzhou and Haidian, Chaoyang and
Xuanwu as level 2 test point under level 1 test point Beijing. In the IP network
performance manager, generate the following data report for the above test points.
Table 2 Delay and packet loss data report example between level 1 and level 2 test
points
Level 1 test
pointLevel 2 test point Delay (ms)
Packet loss
ratio (%)Update time
Guangzhou Shenzhen 21.00 0.00 2005-04-16 10:20:00
Guangzhou Dongguan 20.20 0.00 2005-04-16 10:20:00
Guangzhou Shantou 20.30 0.00 2005-04-16 10:20:00
Beijing Haidian 2.40 0.01 2005-04-16 10:20:00
Beijing Chaoyang 2.50 0.00 2005-04-16 10:20:00
Beijing Xuanwu 2.60 0.02 2005-04-16 10:20:00
2.1.2 Path
Path is the performance monitor object defined in the IP network performance
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manager. The left is a device node (it is necessary to specify the port) and the right is
any IP address (it can be configured by user). Through defining the path, the users
can test the network path performance from the device port to any IP address.
To manage multiple paths, define the concept of path group, that is, a group of paths.
Through the path group, execute batch operation to the path, for example, set
performance threshold for multiple paths. Or, at the path creation, select the
subordinative path group of the path, and treat the current performance threshold of
the path group as the default performance threshold of this path.
In the network shown in Figure 1, set the path from Shanghai to www.huawei.com(Shanghai-to-huawei) and the path from Beijing to this IP (Beijing-to-huawei). In the
IP network performance manager, generate the following report for the above paths:
Table 3 Path delay and packet loss rate data report example
Path Path groupDelay
(ms)/Threshold
Packet loss rate
(%)/ThresholdUpdate time
Shanghai-to-huawei to-huawei 12.00/20.00 0.00/0.102005-04-16
10:20:00
Beijing-to-huawei to-huawei 41.00/20.00 1.20/0.102005-04-16
10:20:00
2.2 Brief Introduction to the Functions
IP network performance manager mainly includes the following functions:
Monitoring whether the network device can work, for example, the situation of
board;
Monitoring the utilization of network resource, for example, link bandwidth
occupation ratio;
Monitoring the operation quality from network edge to edge, for example, delay
and packet loss from POP A to POP B;
Being applicable to the networking with devices of manufacturers and
supporting devices of manufacturers like Cisco besides Huawei;
Providing large-scaled network manageability, for example, server distribution
and probe distribution;
Exporting report flexibly and conveniently, for example, auto export on
schedule; Having flexible authorization policy (allocate authority to users by object +
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operation) to facilitate allocating user rights by operators according to the actual
management duties;
Having thorough user management and providing detailed user operation log
record and task operation log record;
Providing simply and easy-to-use database backup tool and simplifying the
data backup of system administrator, to ensure data security;
Providing Watchman dual system remote backup component to ensure the
system security and high availability of system.
Here come the details of the critical features.
2.3 Working Principles
2.3.1 Composition of IP Network Performance Manager
As shown in Figure 2, IP network performance manager (Perf Mgr) mainly includes
the following parts at the operation:
IP network (Datacomm Network): It is the IP network which the administrator of
operator hopes to monitor. Probe: It is to obtain the performance data reported by device. According to the
IP network scale and amount of performance indices to be monitored, deploy
proper Probes. In the case of a small scale and a few indices, Probe and IP
network performance manager server run on the same hardware server.
IP network performance manager server (Perf Mgr Server)
Report manager (Report Mgr Server): The performance report is presented to
user through this manager.
Web Browser: It can browse various HTML reports.
JAVA Client: The main functions of IP network performance manager can be
realized through this client.
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Figure 2 Composition of IP network performance manager
2.3.2 Working Flow of IP Network Performance Manager
As shown in Figure 3, if users hope to learn the quality situation of network operation
(for example, users want to monitor the delay and packet loss from Shanghai router
to Huawei website shown in Figure 1), then:
Users create the Shanghai-to-huawei path on JAVA Client and the system will
create the performance collection task for the Shanghai-to-huawei path.
Perf Mgr Server starts the PING task of Shanghai router to Huawei website
automatically. However, this step can be omitted for some performance
collection task, for example, interface bandwidth utility.
Probe collects various performance data from device periodically.
Probe returns the relevant performance date to Perf Mgr Server.
Users can see the delay and packet loss of Shanghai-to-huawei and the proper
performance images with Web Browser or JAVA Client.
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Present performance data
A user starts a collection task
through Client
The probe returns the performance data
The probe collects performance data
(Optional) make configurations
to device automatically
Figure 3 Working flow of IP network performance manager
2.3.3 Relevant Protocols and MIB
Between IP network performance manager and managed NEs, Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP) is adopted. For the managed devices, they need to
support some MIB, for example, RFC1213-MIB-II, RFC2233-IF-MIB andRFC2925-DISMAN-PING-MIB.
3. Critical Features of IP Network Performance
Manager
3.1 Product Features List
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The following table lists the function features of IP network performance manager:
Table 4 Product features of IP network performance manager
Feature Description
Device monitoring
CPU occupation ratio (average and peak) of boards like main control board
and service board
Memory occupation ratio (average and peak) of boards like main control
board and service board
Device interface traffic
Link monitoring
Incoming/Outgoing traffic and incoming/outgoing bandwidth utility (average
and peak)
Link fault rate
QoS monitoring
between path and test
point
On the basis of path (device interface to any IP address) and test point:
Delay (minimum, average and peak)
Packet loss ratio (average)
Jitter
PING parameter can be set, for example, packet size, time interval and
number of packets.
Management of
equipment from
multiple vendors
They support devices of Huawei and Cisco both.
Convenient and
flexible report output
They provide image report:
Displaying performance image based on WEB;
Querying by day, week, month and year;
Supporting performance image comparison analysis (select
reference time and comparison time);
Refreshing performance images automatically;
Generating report automatically;
Displaying average and peak together.
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Feature Description
The provide data reports:
Displaying performance data in form;
Making arrangement by fields;
Supporting switchover of index unit;
Identifying data crossing the threshold (for example, red);
Exporting performance data to file (CSV format, text format and
HTML format);
Generating report automatically or manually;
Supporting report export in matrix (for example, delay between level
1 test points).
Large-scaled network
management
Probes are distributed. An IP network performance managers can manage
up to 40 Probes.
Probe can be displayed in the IP topology view for the convenience of
management of Probe.
DBMS and server can be deployed separately, avoiding resource
competition between NM server and DBMS.
Performance index
threshold setting
The performance index threshold can be set:
Device CPU utility threshold
Memory utility threshold
Upper/Lower threshold of incoming/outgoing bandwidth utility
Packet loss ratio and delay threshold between level 1 test point and
level 2 test point
Alarm can be sent when the threshold is exceeded and the proper report
data will be displayed with particular color.
Long term storage of
performance data
The performance probe can store the original performance data (RRD file)
locally and the database at the server can store the aggregation
performance data with the granularity of one day or 30 minutes.
Performance data
dump
They support dumping the performance data in the specified time range
from database and storing them in text file. After successful dumping, the
proper data in the database are cleared to release the data space.
3.2 Device Monitoring
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IP network consists of multiple devices and links. The health situation, load situation
and resource utilization of device are some basic data which need to be managed by
network administrator. IP network performance manager provides the statistics
function to the CPU and memory occupation ratio (average and peak) of main control
board and service board as well as interface traffic, so that the administrator of
operators can learn the health situation of device simply and quickly.
Figure 4 is the example of CPU and memory utility of main control board:
Threshold: Upper and lower threshold of performance collection index,
identified at the right box, for example, the red transverse line at 90%;
Report time segment and period: The daily, weekly, monthly and yearly reports
can be generated on schedule.
Data compression display mode: Obtain the average of data in the compression
period rather than peak to display at the data compression.
Comparison display: It can be displayed with the report in other time segment
for comparison.
Description of collection object: CPU utility
Description of collection object: Memory utility
Figure 4 Example of CPU and memory utility report of main control board
3.3 Link Monitoring
Like the device operation situation, the fault situation and resource utilization of link
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on the IP network are also basic data of network operation. IP network performance
manager provides monitor and statistics function to link incoming/outgoing traffic and
incoming/outgoing bandwidth utility (peak and average).
Figure 5 Example of link traffic and bandwidth occupation ratio
Besides graphical report, IP network performance manager also provides the
following data report:
Table 5 Link performance report
Report name Contents
Link traffic statistics report Link group name, link name, rated rate (KBit/s),
incoming/outgoing traffic (GByte), incoming/outgoing original
average utility (%), average utility of incoming/outgoing daily
peak (%), incoming/outgoing peak utility (%) and
incoming/outgoing non-burst peak utility (%)
Performance statistics
report of link resource
Link resource details (link group name, link name, local device
name, local port ID, local IP address, opposite device name,
opposite port ID and opposite IP address), rated rate (KBit/s),
incoming/outgoing traffic (GByte), incoming/outgoing original
average utility (%), average utility of incoming/outgoing daily
peak (%), incoming/outgoing peak utility (%) and
incoming/outgoing non-burst peak utility (%)
Traffic return report Link group name, XX month traffic (GByte), XX month income
(Yuan), XX month return rate (yuan/GB), rank and increment of
return compared with the that of last month (%)
Link fault statistics report Level, link amount, normal link amount, fault amount and fault
rate
Note: The monthly incomes are financial data, which should be input by the
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administrator of operator for working out income rate by the system.
3.4 QoS Monitoring between Path and Test Point
Operators are changing the concerns from device operation to users feeling and from
network performance to QoS. Therefore, it is not enough to learn the operation of
device and link only. It is necessary to monitor and analyze the QoS of customer
service further from the aspect of customer. For example, the important visit path of
valuable customer (delay of dedicated line from Beijing to Shenzhen) and the delay
from the access POP point to the favorite TopN site of mass for ordinary broadband
customer can be obtained through the path monitor function of IP network
performance manager.
Note: If operators hope to monitor the traffic direction analysis in a smaller granularity,
they can adopt the iManager D2610 NetStream Analysis System solution of
Huawei.
The QoS of upper service depends on the operation situation of underlying basic
network. Once problems occur, no matter whether it is backbone network,
convergence network or access network, the customer service in the relevant range
will be affected necessarily. Therefore, the operator must monitor the operation of
bearer network strictly at any moment. In case IP network performance manager is
used, the operation quality of bearer network can be mastered conveniently. It is
recommended to make complete-interconnection measurement monitor (set the
device on the backbone network to level 1 test point) and make hub-spoke
measurement monitor for convergence or access network (set the device on
convergence or access network to level 2 test point).
Figure 6 illustrates an example of the average delay and packet loss ratio report of a
path:
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Figure 6 Path delay and packet loss ratio report example
Besides graphical report, IP network performance manager also provides the
following data report:
Table 6 QoS report between path and test point
Report name Contents
Performance report of level 1test point
Delay (ms) and packet loss ratio (%) of test points anddevices
Performance report of level 1and level 2 test points
Delay (ms) and packet loss ratio (%) of level 1 and level 2test points
Path inventory reportPath name, belonging path group, device name, oppositeIP, delay threshold (ms) and packet loss ratio threshold (%)
Path group inventory reportPath group name, delay threshold (ms) and packet lossthreshold (%)
Level 1 test point inventoryreport Test point name, test point device and test point IP
3.5 Management of Equipment from Multiple
Vendors
The networking of equipment from multiple vendors is a common case, but it brings
some management difficulty to the operators. For example, the performance situation
of equipment of different vendors should be queried from different Network
Management System (NMS) and it is difficult to realize the end-to-end monitor object
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of network.
At the system design stage of IP network performance manager, the common
management of equipment from multiple vendors is fully considered. So, it has a
good scalability on the system structure and has different drive modules for
equipment of different vendors. At present, this system can manage the devices of
multiple vendors.
3.6 Threshold-Crossing Early Warning
In common cases, any performance index has a reasonable distribution range. IP
network performance manager provides multiple threshold functions (for example,
upper limit and lower limit). If the index exceeds the range, it indicates problem in
network performance and the administrator should check and remove the problem.
For the threshold-crossing situation, the system will generate alarm on the one hand.
If the user sets alarm Email or short message notification, the user can learn the
abnormity of network timely when he is remote from the system and the network
operation & maintenance efficiency are improved. On the other hand, the relevantcontent exported by the relevant report is identified with particular colors (for example,
red).
3.7 Other System Features
IP network performance manager is telecom-level product. Therefore, the stability,
scalability and reliability of product are realized by relevant design:
It provides flexible authorization policy (allocate authority to users by object +operation) to facilitate allocating user rights by operators according to the actual
management duties.
It provides simply and easy-to-use database backup tool and simplifies the data
backup of system administrator.
It provides Watchman dual system backup component to ensure high
availability of system.
It provides detailed user operation log record and task operation log record for
the future trace.
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4. Typical Application of IP NetworkPerformance Manager
The deployment of IP network performance manager must be planned carefully.
Otherwise, it may bring some unnecessary network traffic or make the set object fail.
The following is the critical points in the plan:
Select the proper measurement object and necessary time segment.
Make the Probe deployment properly.
4.1 Planning of Monitoring Object and Monitoring
Time
In the plan of monitoring object and monitoring time, refer to the following table as the
basic policy:
Table 7 Monitoring object and monitoring time planning suggestions
Network
layer
Monitoring Monitor
contents
Monitoring
Scope
Monitoring
time
Monitoring
purpose
Resource
utilization
Device boardhealth situation(CPU/memory)and link faultsituation
Large area Long term
Resolve theproblem of whetherthe network canwork or not
Network
operation
performance
Delay/packetloss,
interface/linktraffic andinterface/linkbandwidth utilityin the POP pointand between thePOP points
Large area Long term
Resolve the
problem ofoperation situationof network andprovide referencefor network planand tuning
Backbone
Network
exception
location
Locating theproblemspecifically
Pertinence Short term Resolve problem
Converge
nce/Access
Resource
utilization
Device boardhealth situation
(CPU/memory)and link faultsituation
Large area Long term
Resolve theproblem of whether
the network canwork or not
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Network
layer
Monitoring Monitor
contents
Monitoring
Scope
Monitoring
time
Monitoring
purpose
Network
operation
performance
Delay/Pack lossfromconvergence/access point tobackbone layernode
Large area Long term
Resolve theproblem ofoperation situationof network andprovide referencefor network planand tuning
Customer
service
situation
Critical path ofvaluablecustomer
Pertinence Long termImprove thecustomerssatisfaction
Networkexception
location
Locating theproblemspecifically
Pertinence Short term Resolve problem
4.2 Probe Deployment Policy
The number of probes deployed should consider the scalability. That is, the
performance tasks collected by each Probe cannot exceed 1000, for the sake of
single point task expansion.
Probes are deployed with the handy principle, that is, they are laid out in the place
bringing a minimum network management traffic.
5. End
Huawei is driven by user demand. Huawei facilitates the development of network
performance management technology and launches the analysis statistics tool andresolution meeting the user demand. Huawei hopes that the iManager N2000 DMS IP
network performance manager -- Perf Mgr becomes a good assistant of operators in
market plan, network plan and network operation & operation.
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