tci 2016 metropolitan food clusters and agroparks
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Titel presentatie[Naam, organisatienaam]
Working Day - Track: Food clustersApplying the circular economy
Peter J.A.M. Smeets
Metropolitan Food Clusters and Agroparks
Metropolitan Food Clusters and Agroparks
Nov. 8 2016, Peter J.A.M. Smeets
Klik op het pictogram als u een afbeelding wilt toevoegen
NORTH AMERICA
S/D 5.3
SOUTH&MIDDLE AMERICA
S/D 8.4
EX-USSR
S/D 3.0
EAST ASIA S/D 0.6
SOUTH ASIA S/D 0.4
WEST ASIA S/D 0.5
REST OF EUROPE S/D 1.0
SOUTH EUROPE S/D 0.7
NORTH AFRICA S/D 0.9
SOUTHEAST ASIA S/D 0.8REST OF AFRICA
S/D 3.3
OCEANIA S/D 28.0
Ratio of potential supply and demand (S/D)in 2040 with expected 9.5 bln inhabitants on current European diet
Image elaborated by ir. Steef Buijs,Based on WRR report ‘Duurzame risico’s, een Blijvend gegeven’ (1994)
Global food system: Enough to eat
OXFAM: Netherlands has world’s best food
The Northwest European Delta Metropolis, with 35 mln people, is the basis for its strong position in
agri&food:
LONDON
PARIS
LILLE
BRUSSELLSRUHRAREA
AMSTERDAM
spatial pressure
open economywater
infrastructure
non protected agriculture
In recent decades most innovative agri-food has followed the industrial development of clustering:
A Metropolitan Food Cluster (MFC) is an innovative network of agrifood producers,
processors and service providers which is focused on the urban areas.
It aims to optimize resource use efficiency, market connectivity and embeddedness in the
wider social, spatial and institutional frameworks.
The MFC spatial scheme is inspired on the Eindhoven region that is the Netherlands nr 1 agri-food region:• 90.000 agri food related
jobs• 17.000 enterprises• Nr. 1 in livestock, 2 in
horticulture
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Metropolitan Core
CC
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A metropolitan food cluster typically rises around a metropolitan core
Consolidation Centre: Fresh Park Venlo Storage, distribution,
processing, trade and services,
Main clients: 7 mln consumers in German Ruhr Area
In a consumer responsive way throughout the whole year
Seasonal products not available from local producers are being supplied from storage or by world wide trade
Freshpark Venlo: Auction, processing and trade
Barge terminal Vegetable auction
Redistribution, big to small flows Distribution area for flower auction
Wijnen bv, Capsicum grower in 50 ha hightech greenhouse in Agropark California near Venlo
Recycling of harvested rainwater Storage of heat
Capsicum plants
Semi-mechanized sorting, packing and quality control
Export to Japan
Rural processing Centre: Vreba Melkvee
1500 dairy cowsProducing 16.5 mln kg milk/yr
1400 ha land
40% of fodder imported
5 key innovation principles of Metropolitan Food Clusters
1. Integrated design of hardware, orgware and software
2. Resource use efficiency3. Agrologistics4. Vertical integration5. Horizontal integration
Key innovation 5: Parallel development of hardware, orgware and software
Key innovation 4: Intelligent agrologistics
Agrologistics, from the farm gate until the supermarket, is key in delivering a high quality product
Agrologistics is the key to economic performance in the agrosector
The logistic network may also be used as a source of market information regarding demanded products in the encounter of buyers and producers
An MFC is a system innovation
Law of the minimum factor:
The overall result is as good as the weakest link
Law of integrated system development
Improvements have a better end result if other factors are also improved
Resource use efficiency: land- and water use in closed-system greenhouse production
Key innovation 2: Vertical integration
Integration reduces transport and veterinary risks
Better meat quality because of stress reduction
Reduction of contamination and prevention of loss of taste
Added value stays within primary production
Large scale and industrial mode of production enables radical environmental technology:
● Smell reduction● Ammonia emission reduction● Fine dust reduction
Mother animals
Genetics
Egg production
Breeding
Broilers
Slaughtering
Processing
Short
chain
broiler
production
manure
CO2
Energy
Retail
Feed
New Mixed farm: Closed Broiler farm and Bio Energy Cluster
Porch stable with parent
animals
Patio stables with broilers
Slaughterhouse
Bio Energy Cluster
Key innovation 3: Horizontal integration
Integration of animal and vegetable production and processinghains enables industrial ecology through the exchange of rest- and by products
●Decrease of waste & omissions●Additional profit from rest- and by-products
Commercially viable exchange requires physical proximity: agroparks arrange such space
Innovations are expensive require large scale for profitable implementation
Technologies secure sustainable large-scale production of the future: water efficiency, climate mitigation & adaptation
Industrial ecology in agroclusters:Basic structure of an ecosystem
21
Plant production
(autotrophs)
Animal production
(heterotrophs)
Decomposers(sapotrophs)
Energy Feed
WasteRawMaterials
Laarakker: Thermophyllic co-digestation Pre treatment of waste Premixing Thermophyllic co-
digestation Aerobic cleaning of waste
water Anaerobic cleaning of
wastewater Biogas storage Storage of digestate Processed water storage Power generator
Co-digestation at 55°C, very efficient Processing 120.000 ton organic waste/yr,
producing 4.5 MW power Co-digester is core of industrial ecology in
agropark
Micro algae raffinage
Water treatment
Production of raw materials
– Proteins for food/feed– Oils for biodiesel– Omega 3 fatty acids
Chew’s egg farm as incubator for Metropolitan Food Cluster development in Singapore
Singapore government wants to reduce it’s dependency on imported food, at current more than 95% of all consumed food.
First phase focus is on vegetables, fish and eggs Wageningen is proposing high-tech impulse in existing
aqua, egg and greenhouse production, as well as spatial integration in agroparks.
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Example: Integrated poultry chain with insects
Genetics
Breeding
Hatchery
BroilersFeed
Insects
Processing
Insects
Waste
Meat products
Manure
Feedcomponents
Human food chainrest- and by products
Preliminary design for new farm
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The principle, extracting high-value from low-value
TRANSFORM SEPARATE EXTRACT
FLY EGGS
Feedstock
Proteins
Lipids
Fertilizers
Larvae
<2,5% larvae for new flies
Industrial ecology in Chew’s new farm
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Industrial example: Nijssen Granico produces high quality pig food from rest and by products of human food chain
29
Agropark Suikerunie: advanced integration
3 May 2023
30
Greenhouses
Digester
Sugar Factory
Water Sanitation
Land dependent agriculture
Co-digester
Melasse storage
30 ha eggplant greenhouse
Merging between agro-industry and greenhouses:Foodcluster Biopark Terneuzen
Agropark in sea harbour Primary agricultural production through industrial
ecology connected to agro-industry Focus on sustainable development of bio-energy
production In operation http://www.bioparkterneuzen.com/cms/publish/content/downloaddocument.asp?document_id=420
Yara fertiliser
production
200 ha
Greenhouses
Nedalcobio-
ethanol
Heroswastewater
cleaning
BiomassaUnie
co-digester
Roosendaal Energy
Biodiesel
Proces & w
astewater
Proces & wastewater
heat
heat
Proce
s & w
astew
ater
CO2 CO2
Biomas
s was
te
Biomass waste
Bio
mas
s w
aste
Sub
stra
te
Pow
er
Heat
3232
Emerging from Greenhouse Cluster: Foodcluster Agriport A7
• http://www.agriporta7.nl/ • Centre for growing vegetables,
agribusiness industry and logistics, 30 minutes from Amsterdam
• Primary production: – Large scale glasshouses : 300 ha
growing to 1.000 ha– Field crops : 40.000 ha
• Vegetables industry, logistics and services– Business park: 70 ha
• To be added– closed fish production and processing– ICT-server centre
33
Area Agriport A7 august 2008
Warehouses and logistics
Greenhouses and power generation
Agriport A7: residual heat of datacenter for greenhouses
Microsoft Data Center
Thank You
Klik op het pictogram als u een afbeelding wilt toevoegen
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Dr P.J.A.M. SmeetsAgroparks and Metropolitan FoodclustersEmail: peter.smeets@wur.nlMob.: +31651206758Tel: +31 317 481675www.wageningenur.nlwww.metropolitanfoodclusters.wur.nl
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