tara levine, bridget sanelli, madeline stenken block 3 ap statistics

MOODBUSTERS: FIGHTING MOODINESS IN CB SOUTH LUNCHES

Tara Levine, Bridget Sanelli, Madeline StenkenBlock 3AP Statistics

Class Activity

Groups of four or five Design a shirt that represents the

mood we assign you (color and design- wise) Make it what you would wear when you

feel this mood Just write it on the shirt

Make a conclusion– do you think your mood really affects your shirt color?

Background

Many studies showing color can affect mood, but can mood affect color? Color Psychology:

“…color can alter moods, influence behavior, and even cause physical reactions -- like raising your blood pressure or suppressing your appetite” (findarticles.com)

Warm colors (reds, oranges yellows) evoke feelings of warmth and comfort (Cherry)

Cool colors associated with sadness (Cherry)

BUT, Does Mo

od Affect

Color Choice

?

Description

Wanted to see if the “myth” that shirt color reflects mood is true

Observed association (or lack thereof) of: Shirt color and mood Shirt design and gender Mood and lunch time Shirt color and gender

Testing independence for all variables

Procedure

Went to lunches (A, B, C, and D) SRS of lunch tables from cafeteria

map– assigned tables numbers Made data table with categories

Which lunch, gender, shirt color, shirt type, shirt design, and mood

Went to about four or five tables per lunch and surveyed about six per table Tried to survey around 20-25 people per

lunch

Procedure Continued

Data Table Mood: happy, unhappy, tired, or content Shirt type: Long sleeved, short sleeved,

or sweatshirt Shirt Design: Brand (includes school,

colleges, brands, bands, and phrases…), Pattern, Plain, and Sports

Procedure- Tests

Chi Square Test of Independence Shirt color and mood

Ho: There is no relationship between shirt color and mood.

Ha: There is a relationship between shirt color and mood.

Shirt Design and gender Ho: There is no relationship between shirt

design and gender. Ha: There is a relationship between shirt

and gender.

Procedure- Tests Continued

Mood and Lunch time Ho: There is no relationship between mood

and lunch time. Ha: There is a relationship between mood

and lunch time. Shirt color and gender

Ho: There is no relationship between mood and lunch time.

Ha: There is a relationship between mood and lunch time.

Shirt Color Distribution

Black27%

Blue13%

Brown2%Green

8%

Grey20%

Navy6%

Pink1%

Purple3%

Red7%

White13%

South's Shirt Colors

5

10

15

20

25

Shirt_Color

Bla

ck

Blu

e

Bro

wn

Gre

en

Gre

y

Navy

Pin

k

Purp

le

Red

White

count

Collection 2 Bar Chart

Analysis: The most popular shirt color at south is black. Shirt colors are not equally distributed throughout the school because certain colors are more predominantly worn.

Mood and Shirt Color

Mood

02

468

10

Content

024

68

10

Happy

0246

810

Tired

2468

10

Unhappy

Shirt_Color

Black Blue Brow n Green Grey Navy Pink Purple Red White

count

Collection 2 Bar Chart

Content: 34.61% of the students who are content were wearing black, 0% of students were wearing brown or pink.

Happy: 19.44% of students who are happy were wearing blue or grey, 0% of students were wearing pink.

Tired: Most students that were tired were wearing grey (41.67%), 0% of students were wearing brown, green, navy, pink, or purple

Unhappy: 37.50% of unhappy students were wearing black, 0% were wearing brown, green, or purple

Gender

Sample was pretty evenly distributed between males and female; the majority

was males

Gender and Shirt Color

Gender

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

F

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

M

Shirt_Color

Black Blue Brow n Green Grey Navy Pink Purple Red White

count

Collection 2 Bar Chart

Analysis: The majority of females were wearing black or grey (23.68%). None were wearing brown. The majority of males were wearing black (28.85%). None were wearing pink or purple. Black and grey are common between both genders.

Mood and GenderContent

Happy

Tired

Unhappy

Frequency of MoodGender

5 10 15 20 25F

0 5 10 15 20 25M

count

Collection 2 Bar Chart

Analysis: Most females were happy (36.84%). Many were also content (34.21%) and the least amount of females were tired (10.53%). The same goes for the males too, 42.31% were happy, 25% were content, 15.38% were tired.

Mood and Lunch

Mood

048

1216

Content

048

1216

Happy

048

1216

Tired

48

1216

Unhappy

Lunch

A B C D

count

Collection 2 Bar Chart

A lunch: Most students were tired (58.33%), only one person said content

B lunch: Most students were content (46.15%), only a couple people said tired

C lunch: Most students were happy (44.44%), only one person said tired

D lunch: Most students were content (42.31%), only a couple people said tired

Conclusion from Exploratory Data

The most popular shirt color at South is black

Most students, when asked at lunch, are happy (40%) Content: 28.89%, Unhappy: 17.78%, Tired:

13.33%

Black and grey shirts are popular among males and females

As the day goes on, students in lunch become less tired and unhappy to happier and content

Ho: There is no relationship between shirt color and mood.

Ha: There is a relationship between shirt color and mood.

χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Color & Mood

Conditions

χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Color & Mood

1. Categorical Data

2. SRS

3. All expected cell counts ≥5

1. Shirt color and mood are categorical data

2. SRS of lunch tables in each lunch was taken

3. All expected cell counts ≥5

Not all conditions met, continue test anyway: χ 2 Distributionχ2 Test of Independence

χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Color & Mood

=

+

+… = 27.28

P(χ2>27.28/ df= 27)=0.45

ConclusionWe fail to reject the Ho because the p-value of 0.45 is greater than α=.05.We have sufficient evidence that there is no relationship between shirt color and mood.

Ho: There is no relationship between shirt color and mood.

Ha: There is a relationship between shirt color and mood.

Ho: There is no relationship between shirt design and gender.

Ha: There is a relationship between shirt design and gender.

χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Design & Gender

Conditions

χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Design & Gender

1. Categorical Data

2. SRS

3. All expected cell counts ≥5

1. Shirt design and gender are categorical data

2. SRS of lunch tables in each lunch was taken

3. All expected cell counts ≥5Not all conditions met, continue test anyway: χ 2 Distribution

χ2 Test of Independence

χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Design & Gender

=

+

+… = 4.662

P(χ2>4.662/ df= 3)=0.2

ConclusionWe fail to reject the Ho because the p-value of 0.2 is greater than α=.05.We have sufficient evidence that there is no relationship between shirt design and gender.

Ho: There is no relationship between shirt design and gender.

Ha: There is a relationship between shirt design and gender.

Ho: There is no relationship between shirt color and gender.

Ha: There is a relationship between shirt color and gender.

χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Color & Gender

Conditions

χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Color & Gender

1. Categorical Data

2. SRS

3. All expected cell counts ≥5

1. Shirt color and gender are categorical data

2. SRS of lunch tables in each lunch was taken

3. All expected cell counts ≥5

Not all conditions met, continue test anyway: χ 2 Distributionχ2 Test of Independence

χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Color & Gender

=

+

+… = 9.905

P(χ2>9.905/ df= 9)=0.36

ConclusionWe fail to reject the Ho because the p-value of 0.36 is greater than α=.05.We have sufficient evidence that there is no relationship between shirt color and gender.

Ho: There is no relationship between shirt color and gender.

Ha: There is a relationship between shirt color and gender.

Ho: There is no relationship between mood and lunch time.

Ha: There is a relationship between mood and lunch time.

χ2 Test of Independence:Mood & Lunch Time

Conditions

χ2 Test of Independence:Mood and Lunch Time

1. Categorical Data

2. SRS

3. All expected cell counts ≥5

1. Mood and Lunch are categorical data

2. SRS of lunch tables in each lunch was taken

3. All expected cell counts ≥5

Not all conditions met, continue test anyway: χ 2 Distributionχ2 Test of Independence

χ2 Test of Independence:Mood and Lunch Time

=

+

+… =26.46

P(χ2>26.46/ df= 9)=0.0017

ConclusionWe reject the Ho because the p-value of 0.0017 is less than α=.05.We have sufficient evidence that there is a relationship between mood and lunch time.

Ho: There is no relationship between mood and lunch time.

Ha: There is a relationship between mood and lunch time.

Application

Since we know the only dependent test was between mood and lunch (the p-value 0.0017 is less than alpha, 0.05, so it’s significant), we can observe how our friends might act based on their lunch time.

Bias and Error

Categories Had to group them so we didn’t have so

many categories that we couldn’t compare them

Example: if someone said “stressed” or “apathetic,” we considered them “unhappy”

Example: bands and phrases were included in “brand”

By D lunch, we knew our categories & told the people we surveyed, so they had more narrow options

Bias and Error Continued

Friends often influenced others at their tables when saying “mood” Or, if didn’t know us, may have felt uncomfortable being

honest Also, our own friends– affects mood and willingness and

goofiness Should have just done one person per table? Too difficult to

get good sample size Didn’t record people who didn’t want to respond– could

have made that a separate option for “mood,” maybe Shirt color– if more than one shirt or predominant color Shirt design–if more than one design or cardigans,

layers, etc.

Bias and Error Continued

Only surveyed people on one day Only surveyed teens 10th- 12th grade

(no adults) Only surveyed in school– different

even if with different lunchtimes at work or other schools?

Personal Opinions/ Conclusions Surprised mood really doesn’t affect

shirt color from what our data tells us Could have made surveying more

accurate Different/ wider population Different way to survey

Papers Website– but that’d result in voluntary bias Pull people aside to avoid friend influence–

awkward and intimidating?

Question and Answer

Works Cited

Cherry, Kendra. "Color Psychology." About.com. The New York Times Company, n.d.      Web. 9 Jan. 2011. <http://psychology.about.com/od/sensationandperception/      a/colorpsych.htm>.

Lucia, Lynn Santa. "Color power: how much can the color of the shirt you wear,      the food you eat, and the walls you surround yourself with affect you? A      lot more than you may think." CBS Moneywatch. Bnet, May 2002. Web. 9 Jan.      2011. <http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb3415/is_8_17/      ai_n28914591/>