suncoast consulting services aviation safety program water survival the “soft” topics presented...

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Aviation Safety ProgramAviation Safety ProgramWater SurvivalWater Survival

The “Soft” Topics

Presented By:

Craig Hoskins

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Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline

I. Introduction II. Stress Management in Aviation

A. Performance vs DemandB. Controlling Stress in Ditching

III. Crew Resource Management IntroA. ConceptsB. Video Case Study

IV. Conclusion

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StressStress

“Nonspecific response of the body to any demand placed upon it”

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Theories and ConceptsTheories and Concepts

80% of all modern disease has its origin in what has come to be called stress.

Its the wear and tear caused by life. Types

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Causes of StressCauses of Stress

Changing Lifestyles Changing Professions Changing Locations Decision Stress Noise “I Can Do It All”

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Stress ReactionStress Reaction

(GAS) Alarm

“Fight or Flight” Resistance Exhaustion

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Physical Change ExamplesPhysical Change Examples

Rapid Pulse Increased Perspiration Pounding Heart Tightening Stomach Tensing Muscles in

Arms and Legs

Shortness of Breath Gritting of Teeth Clenching of the Jaw Stomach Pain Head ache High Blood Pressure

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Mental StressMental Stress

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IndicatorsIndicators

Working Obsessively Difficulty Making

Decisions Excessive Eating,

Drinking, or Smoking Excessive Worry

(Trivia)

Accident-Prone Propensity for Error Self-medication Mistrust Anxious Forgetfulness

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Managing StressManaging Stress

Task Underload vs Task Overload

Exercise Balanced Diet Progressive

Relaxation/ Meditation

Time Management

Abdominal Breathing Power Naps Vacation Self-Improvement Quality Family Time Flight Physical

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Demand versus AbilityDemand versus Ability

TimeTime

% % DemandDemand

100%100% AbilityAbility

T/OT/O LandingLanding

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Demand versus AbilityDemand versus Ability

TimeTime

% % DemandDemand

100%100% AbilityAbility

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Demand versus AbilityDemand versus Ability

TimeTime

% % DemandDemand

100%100%

T/OT/O LandingLanding

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Demand versus AbilityDemand versus Ability

TimeTime

% % DemandDemand

100%100%

T/OT/O LandingLanding

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TransitionTransition

Questions Tools to assist in

controlling stress in a demanding situations-Landing-Ditching

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Crew Resource ManagementCrew Resource Management

The empowerment of all crewmembers to promote safety and increase overall aircrew performance.

Effectively manage all available resources both inside and outside of the aircraft.

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Classes of U.S. AviationClasses of U.S. Aviation

Military Airlines “Everybody Else”

Helicopter pilotsCorporateGovernment/ Non-militaryRecreational

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Help or Hindrance?Help or Hindrance?

Instruments (Flight, Eng, Nav) Lights (Colored) Horns (Gear, Low Nr, Altitude, etc) Voices (TCAS, GPWS)

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Principles of CRMPrinciples of CRM

Situational Awareness Communications Assertive Behavior Risk Management

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Elements of Situational Elements of Situational AwarenessAwareness

Spatial Orientation/Attitude Orientation to traffic, geography & time Aircraft status & capabilities Pilot status Flight profile

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Causal Factors of Lost Causal Factors of Lost Situational AwarenessSituational Awareness

Mode confusion Automation complacency Stress Stimulus Fixation

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Indicators of Lost Situational Indicators of Lost Situational AwarenessAwareness

Not communicating Deviating from stds Violating Minimums Confusion

Preoccupation Failure to meet targets Not addressing

discreps

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CommunicationCommunication

Within the aircraft External to aircraft Sending a message Receiving a message

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AssertivenessAssertiveness

Aggressiveness Conflict

InternalExternal

Resolution

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Human Performance Human Performance VariablesVariables

Manipulative Skills Information Acquisition Information Processing Decision Processes Input Processes Operating in Emergencies

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Performance FactorsPerformance Factors

Skill Levels and Skill Maintenance Cost Human Performance in GA Human Factors in GA Systems Design GA Pilot Tasks

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Primary Flight TasksPrimary Flight Tasks

Instrument Flying Controls

Aileron-Elevator-Rudder-Throttle Displays

Visual w/ Ground

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Risk Management Risk Management

Integrate Risk Management throughout:Pre-flight, In-flight, Post-flight

Accept no unnecessary risk Make risk decisions at the proper time Accept risk if benefits outweigh the costs

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Roadblocks to Effective CRM

Chain of Errors Hidden Agendas Odd Crewmember Out Strength of an Idea

Excessive Professional Courtesy

Norms Hazardous Attitudes Automation

Complacency

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ToolsTools

Synergy I’m Safe Two Challenge Rule Establish Limits Sterile Cockpit

I - Illness M - Medication S - Stress A - Alcohol F - Fatigue E - Eating

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JudgmentJudgment

Good judgment comes from experience.

Good experience comes from someone else’s bad judgment.

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Helicopter PilotHelicopter Pilot

Hovering is for pilots who love to fly, but have no place to go.

STAY TUNED:-)Video case study

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ConclusionConclusion

Get back to the basics of flying Utilize all resources available to you Don’t let the aircraft take you someplace

your mind didn’t get to 5 minutes earlier. Learn from the mistakes of others, you

won’t live long enough to make them all yourself.